Recombination-activation protein 1 (RAG1), recombinase; This family is one of the two different components of the RAG1-RAG2 V(D)J recombinase complex. The RAG complex, consisting of two RAG1 and two RAG2 proteins is a multi-protein complex that mediates DNA cleavage during V(D)J (variable-diversity-joining) recombination. RAG1 mediates DNA-binding to the conserved recombination signal sequences (RSS). Many of the proteins in this family are fragments. Solution of the structure of the complex of RAG1 and RAG2 shows that each protein dimerizes with itself and each pair then complexes together to from the RAG1-RAG2 V(D)J recombinase enzyme. The different structural elements in RAG1 for UniProtKB:P15919 are: an N-terminal nonamer-binding domain from residues 391-459; a dimerization and DNA-binding domain from 459-515; an extended pre-RNase H domain from 515-588; the catalytic RNase H domain from 588-719; a ZnC2 domain from 719-791; and ZnH2 domain from 791-962; and a three-helix C-terminal domain from 962-1008.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 629678702   90 Y*HTNKGGRPRQHLLSLTRRAQKHRLRELKRQVKAFAEKEEGGDIKAVCMTLFLLALRAKNEHKQADELEAIMQGRGSGL 169
Cdd:pfam12940   3 FLLTNKGGRPRQHLLSLTRRAQKHRLRDLKHQVKVFADKEEGGDIKSVCLTLFLLALRAGNEHRQADELEAMMQGRGFGL 82

                          90       100       110       120
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 629678702  170 HPAVCLAIRVNTFLSCSQYHKMYRTVKAVTGRQIFQPLHALRTA 213
Cdd:pfam12940  83 HPAVCLAIRVNTFLSCSQYHKMYRTVKATSGRQIFQPLHTLRAA 126

Recombination-activating protein 1 zinc-finger domain; This is a C2-H2 zinc-finger domain closely resembling the classical TFIIIA-type zinc-finger, CX3FX5LX2-3H, despite having a valine and a tyrosine at the core instead of a phenylalanine and a leucine, hence CX3VX1LX2YX2H. The structure, nevertheless, contains the characteriztic two-stranded beta-sheet and alpha-helix of a classical zinc-finger. The domain binds one zinc and, in complex with the zinc-RING-finger domain, helps to stabilize the whole of the dimerization region of recombination activating protein 1 (RAG1). The function of the whole is to bind double-stranded DNA.

                          10        20
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 629678702   56 LGIRCPVKECDEEILHGKYGQHLSGHKEM 84
Cdd:pfam10426   1 LVIRCPAKDCDEEVRLEKYGQHLSSHKEG 29

Recombination-activation protein 1 (RAG1), recombinase; This family is one of the two different components of the RAG1-RAG2 V(D)J recombinase complex. The RAG complex, consisting of two RAG1 and two RAG2 proteins is a multi-protein complex that mediates DNA cleavage during V(D)J (variable-diversity-joining) recombination. RAG1 mediates DNA-binding to the conserved recombination signal sequences (RSS). Many of the proteins in this family are fragments. Solution of the structure of the complex of RAG1 and RAG2 shows that each protein dimerizes with itself and each pair then complexes together to from the RAG1-RAG2 V(D)J recombinase enzyme. The different structural elements in RAG1 for UniProtKB:P15919 are: an N-terminal nonamer-binding domain from residues 391-459; a dimerization and DNA-binding domain from 459-515; an extended pre-RNase H domain from 515-588; the catalytic RNase H domain from 588-719; a ZnC2 domain from 719-791; and ZnH2 domain from 791-962; and a three-helix C-terminal domain from 962-1008.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 629678702   90 Y*HTNKGGRPRQHLLSLTRRAQKHRLRELKRQVKAFAEKEEGGDIKAVCMTLFLLALRAKNEHKQADELEAIMQGRGSGL 169
Cdd:pfam12940   3 FLLTNKGGRPRQHLLSLTRRAQKHRLRDLKHQVKVFADKEEGGDIKSVCLTLFLLALRAGNEHRQADELEAMMQGRGFGL 82

                          90       100       110       120
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 629678702  170 HPAVCLAIRVNTFLSCSQYHKMYRTVKAVTGRQIFQPLHALRTA 213
Cdd:pfam12940  83 HPAVCLAIRVNTFLSCSQYHKMYRTVKATSGRQIFQPLHTLRAA 126

Recombination-activating protein 1 zinc-finger domain; This is a C2-H2 zinc-finger domain closely resembling the classical TFIIIA-type zinc-finger, CX3FX5LX2-3H, despite having a valine and a tyrosine at the core instead of a phenylalanine and a leucine, hence CX3VX1LX2YX2H. The structure, nevertheless, contains the characteriztic two-stranded beta-sheet and alpha-helix of a classical zinc-finger. The domain binds one zinc and, in complex with the zinc-RING-finger domain, helps to stabilize the whole of the dimerization region of recombination activating protein 1 (RAG1). The function of the whole is to bind double-stranded DNA.

                          10        20
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 629678702   56 LGIRCPVKECDEEILHGKYGQHLSGHKEM 84
Cdd:pfam10426   1 LVIRCPAKDCDEEVRLEKYGQHLSSHKEG 29

Ring finger; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity is intrinsic to the RING domain of c-Cbl and is likely to be a general function of this domain; Various RING fingers exhibit binding activity towards E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (Ubc' s)

                           10        20        30
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 629678702     1 ILSDPVETTCRHLFCRTCILKCIKVMGSYCPSC 33
Cdd:smart00184   8 YLKDPVILPCGHTFCRSCIRKWLESGNNTCPIC 40

Recombination-activation protein 1 (RAG1), recombinase; This family is one of the two different components of the RAG1-RAG2 V(D)J recombinase complex. The RAG complex, consisting of two RAG1 and two RAG2 proteins is a multi-protein complex that mediates DNA cleavage during V(D)J (variable-diversity-joining) recombination. RAG1 mediates DNA-binding to the conserved recombination signal sequences (RSS). Many of the proteins in this family are fragments. Solution of the structure of the complex of RAG1 and RAG2 shows that each protein dimerizes with itself and each pair then complexes together to from the RAG1-RAG2 V(D)J recombinase enzyme. The different structural elements in RAG1 for UniProtKB:P15919 are: an N-terminal nonamer-binding domain from residues 391-459; a dimerization and DNA-binding domain from 459-515; an extended pre-RNase H domain from 515-588; the catalytic RNase H domain from 588-719; a ZnC2 domain from 719-791; and ZnH2 domain from 791-962; and a three-helix C-terminal domain from 962-1008.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 629678702   90 Y*HTNKGGRPRQHLLSLTRRAQKHRLRELKRQVKAFAEKEEGGDIKAVCMTLFLLALRAKNEHKQADELEAIMQGRGSGL 169
Cdd:pfam12940   3 FLLTNKGGRPRQHLLSLTRRAQKHRLRDLKHQVKVFADKEEGGDIKSVCLTLFLLALRAGNEHRQADELEAMMQGRGFGL 82

                          90       100       110       120
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 629678702  170 HPAVCLAIRVNTFLSCSQYHKMYRTVKAVTGRQIFQPLHALRTA 213
Cdd:pfam12940  83 HPAVCLAIRVNTFLSCSQYHKMYRTVKATSGRQIFQPLHTLRAA 126

Recombination-activating protein 1 zinc-finger domain; This is a C2-H2 zinc-finger domain closely resembling the classical TFIIIA-type zinc-finger, CX3FX5LX2-3H, despite having a valine and a tyrosine at the core instead of a phenylalanine and a leucine, hence CX3VX1LX2YX2H. The structure, nevertheless, contains the characteriztic two-stranded beta-sheet and alpha-helix of a classical zinc-finger. The domain binds one zinc and, in complex with the zinc-RING-finger domain, helps to stabilize the whole of the dimerization region of recombination activating protein 1 (RAG1). The function of the whole is to bind double-stranded DNA.

                          10        20
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 629678702   56 LGIRCPVKECDEEILHGKYGQHLSGHKEM 84
Cdd:pfam10426   1 LVIRCPAKDCDEEVRLEKYGQHLSSHKEG 29

RING finger, HC subclass, found in RING finger protein 138 (RNF138) and similar proteins; RNF138, also known as Nemo-like kinase-associated RING finger protein (NARF) or NLK-associated RING finger protein, is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that plays an important role in glioma cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle. It specifically cooperates with the E2 conjugating enzyme E2-25K (Hip-2/UbcH1), regulates the ubiquitylation and degradation of T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF), and further suppresses Wnt-beta-catenin signaling. RNF138, together with three closely related proteins: RNF114, RNF125 and RNF166, forms a novel family of ubiquitin ligases with a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, a C2HC-, and two C2H2-type zinc fingers, as well as a ubiquitin interacting motif (UIM).

                         10        20        30
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 629678702   1 ILSDPVET-TCRHLFCRTCILKCIKVMGSYCPSC 33
Cdd:cd16544   11 VLKDPVELpPCRHIFCKACILLALRSSGARCPLC 44

Ring finger; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity is intrinsic to the RING domain of c-Cbl and is likely to be a general function of this domain; Various RING fingers exhibit binding activity towards E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (Ubc' s)

                           10        20        30
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 629678702     1 ILSDPVETTCRHLFCRTCILKCIKVMGSYCPSC 33
Cdd:smart00184   8 YLKDPVILPCGHTFCRSCIRKWLESGNNTCPIC 40

RING finger, HC subclass, found in breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein (BRCA1) and similar proteins; BRCA1, also known as RING finger protein 53 (RNF53), is a RING finger protein encoded by the tumor suppressor gene BRCA1 that regulates all DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathways. BRCA1 is frequently mutated in patients with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). Its mutation is also associated with an increased risk of pancreatic, stomach, laryngeal, fallopian tube, and prostate cancer. It plays an important role in the DNA damage response signaling and has been implicated in various cellular processes such as cell cycle regulation, transcriptional regulation, chromatin remodeling, DNA DSBs, and apoptosis. BRCA1 contains an N-terminal C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, and two BRCT (BRCA1 C-terminus domain) repeats at the C-terminus.

                         10        20        30
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 629678702   2 LSDPVETTCRHLFCRTCILKCI--KVMGSYCPSC 33
Cdd:cd16498   26 LKEPVSTKCDHQFCRFCILKLLqkKKKPAPCPLC 59

RING finger, HC subclass, found in tripartite motif-containing protein 40 (TRIM40) and similar proteins; TRIM40, also known as probable E3 NEDD8-protein ligase or RING finger protein 35 (RNF35), is highly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract including the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. It enhances neddylation of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappaB kinase subunit gamma (IKKgamma), inhibits the activity of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB)-mediated transcription, and thus prevents inflammation-associated carcinogenesis in the gastrointestinal tract. TRIM40 belongs to the C-V subclass of the TRIM (tripartite motif) family of proteins that are defined by an N-terminal RBCC (RING, Bbox, and coiled coil) domain, including three consecutive zinc-binding domains, a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, Bbox1 and Bbox2, and a coiled coil region, as well as an uncharacterized region positioned C-terminal to the RBCC domain.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 629678702   2 LSDPVETTCRHLFCRTCILKCIKVMGS----YCPSCWYPC 37
Cdd:cd16583   15 LKEAVSTDCGHLFCRMCLTQHAKKASAsgvfSCPVCRKPC 54

RING finger, HC subclass, found in Arabidopsis thaliana RING membrane-anchor proteins (AtRMAs) and similar proteins; AtRMAs, including AtRma1, AtRma2, and AtRma3, are endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized Arabidopsis homologs of human outer membrane of the ER-anchor E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, RING finger protein 5 (RNF5). AtRMAs possess E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, and may play a role in the growth and development of Arabidopsis. The AtRMA1 and AtRMA3 genes are predominantly expressed in major tissues, such as cotyledons, leaves, shoot-root junction, roots, and anthers, while AtRMA2 expression is restricted to the root tips and leaf hydathodes. AtRma1 probably functions with the Ubc4/5 subfamily of E2. AtRma2 is likely involved in the cellular regulation of ABP1 expression levels through interacting with auxin binding protein 1 (ABP1). AtRMA proteins contain an N-terminal C3HC4-type RING-HC finger and a trans-membrane-anchoring domain in their extreme C-terminal region.

                         10        20        30
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 629678702   3 SDPVETTCRHLFCRTCILKCIKVmGSYCPSC 33
Cdd:cd16745   11 QDPVVTLCGHLFCWPCLHKWLRR-QSSQPEC 40

DNA repair protein rad18; All proteins in this family for which functions are known are involved in nucleotide excision repair.This family is based on the phylogenomic analysis of JA Eisen (1999, Ph.D. Thesis, Stanford University). [DNA metabolism, DNA replication, recombination, and repair]

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 629678702    5 PVETTCRHLFCRTCILKCIKVMGSyCPSCWYP 36
Cdd:TIGR00599  39 PVLTSCSHTFCSLCIRRCLSNQPK-CPLCRAE 69

RING finger, HC subclass, found in RING finger protein 125 (RNF125); RNF125, also known as T-cell RING activation protein 1 (TRAC-1), is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that is predominantly expressed in lymphoid cells, and functions as a positive regulator of T cell activation. It also down-modulates HIV replication and inhibits pathogen-induced cytokine production. It negatively regulates type I interferon signaling, which conjugates Lys(48)-linked ubiquitination to retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) and subsequently leads to the proteasome-dependent degradation of RIG-I. Further, RNF125 conjugates ubiquitin to melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5), a family protein of RIG-I. It thus acts as a negative regulator of RIG-I signaling, and is a direct target of miR-15b in the context of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection. Moreover, RNF125 binds to and ubiquitinates JAK1, prompting its degradation and inhibition of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) expression. It also negatively regulates p53 function through physical interaction and ubiquitin-mediated proteasome degradation. Mutations in RNF125 may lead to overgrowth syndromes (OGS). RNF125, together with three closely related proteins: RNF114, RNF138 and RNF166, forms a novel family of ubiquitin ligases with a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, a C2HC-, and two C2H2-type zinc fingers, as well as a ubiquitin interacting motif (UIM). The UIM of RNF125 binds K48-linked poly-ubiquitin chains and is, together with the RING domain, required for auto-ubiquitination.

                         10        20        30
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 629678702   1 ILSDPVETTCRHLFCRTCILKCIKVMGSYCPSC 33
Cdd:cd16542   10 VLHQPVRTRCGHVFCRPCIATSLRNNTWTCPYC 42

RING finger, HC subclass, found in tripartite motif-containing proteins, TRIM7, TRIM11 and TRIM27, and similar proteins; TRIM7, TRIM11 and TRIM27, closely related tripartite motif-containing proteins, belong to the C-IV subclass of the TRIM (tripartite motif) family of proteins that are defined by their N-terminal RBCC (RING, Bbox, and coiled coil) domains, including three consecutive zinc-binding domains, a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, Bbox2, and a coiled coil region, as well as a SPRY/B30.2 domain positioned C-terminal to the RBCC domain. TRIM7, also known as glycogenin-interacting protein (GNIP) or RING finger protein 90 (RNF90), is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates c-Jun/AP-1 activation by Ras signalling. Its phosphorylation and activation by MSK1 in response to direct activation by the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK pathway can stimulate TRIM7 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity in mediating Lys63-linked ubiquitination of the AP-1 coactivator RACO-1, leading to RACO-1 protein stabilization. Moreover, TRIM7 binds and activates glycogenin, the self-glucosylating initiator of glycogen biosynthesis. TRIM11, also known as protein BIA1, or RING finger protein 92 (RNF92), is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in the development of the central nervous system. It is overexpressed in high-grade gliomas and promotes proliferation, invasion, migration and glial tumor growth. TRIM11 acts as a potential therapeutic target for congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) by mediating the degradation of CCHS-associated polyalanine-expanded Phox2b. TRIM11 modulates the function of neurogenic transcription factor Pax6 through the ubiquitin-proteosome system, and thus plays an essential role for Pax6-dependent neurogenesis. It also binds to and destabilizes a key component of the activator-mediated cofactor complex (ARC105), humanin, a neuroprotective peptide against Alzheimer's disease-relevant insults, and further regulates ARC105 function in transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) signaling. Moreover, TRIM11 negatively regulates retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-mediated interferon-beta (IFNbeta) production and antiviral activity by targeting TANK-binding kinase-1 (TBK1). It may contribute to the endogenous restriction of retroviruses in cells. It enhances N-tropic murine leukemia virus (N-MLV) entry by interfering with Ref1 restriction. It also suppresses the early steps of human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 transduction, resulting in decreased reverse transcripts. TRIM27, also known as RING finger protein 76 (RNF76), RET finger protein (RFP), or zinc finger protein RFP, is a nuclear E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that is highly expressed in testis and in various tumor cell lines. Expression of TRIM27 is associated with prognosis of colon and endometrial cancers. TRIM27 was first identified as a fusion partner of the RET receptor tyrosine kinase. It functions as a transcriptional repressor and associates with several proteins involved in transcriptional activity, such as enhancer of polycomb 1 (Epc1), a member of the Polycomb group proteins, and Mi-2beta, a main component of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex, and the cell cycle regulator retinoblastoma protein (RB1). It also interacts with HDAC1, leading to downregulation of thioredoxin binding protein 2 (TBP-2), which inhibits the function of thioredoxin. Moreover, TRIM27 mediates Pax7-induced ubiquitination of MyoD in skeletal muscle atrophy. In addition, it inhibits muscle differentiation by modulating serum response factor (SRF) and Epc1. TRIM27 promotes a non-canonical polyubiquitination of PTEN, a lipid phosphatase that catalyzes PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 (PIP3) to PtdIns(4,5)P2 (PIP2). It is an IKKepsilon-interacting protein that regulates IkappaB kinase (IKK) function and negatively regulates signaling involved in the antiviral response and inflammation. TRIM27 also forms a protein complex with MBD4 or MBD2 or MBD3, and thus plays an important role in the enhancement of transcriptional repression through MBD proteins in tumorigenesis, spermatogenesis, and embryogenesis. It is a component of an estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) regulatory complex that is involved in estrogen receptor-mediated transcription in MCF-7 cells.

                         10        20        30
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 629678702   1 ILSDPVETTCRHLFCRTCILKCIKVMG--SYCPSCWYPC 37
Cdd:cd16594   14 YFTDPVTLDCGHSFCRACIARCWEEPEtsASCPQCRETC 52