7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family); This family contains, amongst other G-protein-coupled receptors (GCPRs), members of the opsin family, which have been considered to be typical members of the rhodopsin superfamily. They share several motifs, mainly the seven transmembrane helices, GCPRs of the rhodopsin superfamily. All opsins bind a chromophore, such as 11-cis-retinal. The function of most opsins other than the photoisomerases is split into two steps: light absorption and G-protein activation. Photoisomerases, on the other hand, are not coupled to G-proteins - they are thought to generate and supply the chromophore that is used by visual opsins.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614   3 GNALVILAVLTSRSLRAPQNLF*VSLAAADILVATLIIPFSLANELL-GYWYFWRAWCEVYLALDVLFCTSSIVHLCAIS 81
Cdd:pfam00001   1 GNLLVILVILRNKKLRTPTNIFLLNLAVADLLFSLLTLPFWLVYYLNhGDWPFGSALCKIVGALFVVNGYASILLLTAIS 80

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614  82 LDRYWAVSRALEYNSKRTPRRIKCIILTVWLIAAVISLPPLIYKGDQRPEPHGLPQCELNQ------EAWYILASSIGSF 155
Cdd:pfam00001  81 IDRYLAIVHPLRYKRRRTPRRAKVLILVIWVLALLLSLPPLLFGWTLTVPEGNVTVCFIDFpedlskPVSYTLLISVLGF 160

                         170       180       190
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1464254614 156 FAPCLIMILVYLRIYVIAKRSHcrgLRAKRGSGEGESKK 194
Cdd:pfam00001 161 LLPLLVILVCYTLIIRTLRKSA---SKQKSSERTQRRRK 196

alpha-2 adrenergic receptors, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The alpha-2 adrenergic receptors (or adrenoceptors) are a subfamily of the class A rhodopsin-like GPCRs that share a common architecture of seven transmembrane helices. This subfamily consists of three highly homologous receptor subtypes that have a key role in neurotransmitter release: alpha-2A, alpha-2B, and alpha-2C. In addition, a fourth subtype, alpha-2D is present in ray-finned fishes and amphibians, but is not found in humans. The alpha-2 receptors are found in both central and peripheral nervous system and serve to produce inhibitory functions through the G(i) proteins. Thus, the alpha-2 receptors inhibit adenylate cyclase, which decreases cAMP production and thereby decreases calcium influx during the action potential. Consequently, lowered levels of calcium will lead to a decrease in neurotransmitter release by negative feedback. All GPCRs have a common structural architecture comprising of seven-transmembrane (TM) alpha-helices interconnected by three extracellular and three intracellular loops. A general feature of GPCR signaling is agonist-induced conformational changes in the receptors, leading to activation of the heterotrimeric G proteins, which consist of the guanine nucleotide-binding G-alpha subunit and the dimeric G-beta-gamma subunits. The activated G proteins then bind to and activate numerous downstream effector proteins, which generate second messengers that mediate a broad range of cellular and physiological processes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614   1 IFGNALVILAVLTSRSLRAPQNLF*VSLAAADILVATLIIPFSLANELLGYWYFWRAWCEVYLALDVLFCTSSIVHLCAI 80
Cdd:cd15059    15 IVGNVLVIVAVLTSRKLRAPQNWFLVSLAVADILVGLLIMPFSLVNELMGYWYFGSVWCEIWLALDVLFCTASIVNLCAI 94

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614  81 SLDRYWAVSRALEYNSKRTPRRIKCIILTVWLIAAVISLPPLIYKGDQRPEPHGLPQCELNQEAWYILASSIGSFFAPCL 160
Cdd:cd15059    95 SLDRYWSVTQAVEYNLKRTPRRAKAMIAAVWIISAVISLPPLFGWKDEQPWHGAEPQCELSDDPGYVLFSSIGSFYIPLL 174

                         170
                  ....*....|....*
gi 1464254614 161 IMILVYLRIYVIAKR 175
Cdd:cd15059   175 IMIIVYARIYRAAKR 189

alpha-2 adrenergic receptors subtype A, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The alpha-2 adrenergic receptors (or adrenoceptors) are a subfamily of the class A rhodopsin-like GPCRs that share a common architecture of seven transmembrane helices. This subfamily consists of three highly homologous receptor subtypes that have a key role in neurotransmitter release: alpha-2A, alpha-2B, and alpha-2C. In addition, a fourth subtype, alpha-2D is present in ray-finned fishes and amphibians, but is not found in humans. The alpha-2 receptors are found in both central and peripheral nervous system and serve to produce inhibitory functions through the G(i) proteins. Thus, the alpha-2 receptors inhibit adenylate cyclase, which decreases cAMP production and thereby decreases calcium influx during the action potential. Consequently, lowered levels of calcium will lead to a decrease in neurotransmitter release by negative feedback.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614   1 IFGNALVILAVLTSRSLRAPQNLF*VSLAAADILVATLIIPFSLANELLGYWYFWRAWCEVYLALDVLFCTSSIVHLCAI 80
Cdd:cd15322    15 VFGNVLVIIAVFTSRALKAPQNLFLVSLASADILVATLVIPFSLANEVMGYWYFGKVWCEIYLALDVLFCTSSIVHLCAI 94

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614  81 SLDRYWAVSRALEYNSKRTPRRIKCIILTVWLIAAVISLPPLIYKGDQRPEPhGLPQCELNQEAWYILASSIGSFFAPCL 160
Cdd:cd15322    95 SLDRYWSITQAIEYNLKRTPRRIKCIIFIVWVISAVISFPPLITIEKKSGQP-EGPICKINDEKWYIISSCIGSFFAPCL 173

                         170
                  ....*....|....*....
gi 1464254614 161 IMILVYLRIYVIAKRSHCR 179
Cdd:cd15322   174 IMVLVYIRIYQIAKNREKR 192

amine receptors and similar proteins, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Amine receptors of the class A family of GPCRs include adrenoceptors, 5-HT (serotonin) receptors, muscarinic cholinergic receptors, dopamine receptors, histamine receptors, and trace amine receptors. The receptors of amine subfamily are major therapeutic targets for the treatment of neurological disorders and psychiatric diseases. All GPCRs have a common structural architecture comprising of seven-transmembrane (TM) alpha-helices interconnected by three extracellular and three intracellular loops. A general feature of GPCR signaling is agonist-induced conformational changes in the receptors, leading to activation of the heterotrimeric G proteins, which consist of the guanine nucleotide-binding G-alpha subunit and the dimeric G-beta-gamma subunits. The activated G proteins then bind to and activate numerous downstream effector proteins, which generate second messengers that mediate a broad range of cellular and physiological processes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614   1 IFGNALVILAVLTSRSLRAPQNLF*VSLAAADILVATLIIPFSLANELLGYWYFWRAWCEVYLALDVLFCTSSIVHLCAI 80
Cdd:cd14967    14 VFGNLLVILAVYRNRRLRTVTNYFIVSLAVADLLVALLVMPFSAVYTLLGYWPFGPVLCRFWIALDVLCCTASILNLCAI 93

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614  81 SLDRYWAVSRALEYNSKRTPRRIKCIILTVWLIAAVISLPPLIYKGDQRPEPHGLPQCELNQEAWYILASSIGSFFAPCL 160
Cdd:cd14967    94 SLDRYLAITRPLRYRQLMTKKRALIMIAAVWVYSLLISLPPLVGWRDETQPSVVDCECEFTPNKIYVLVSSVISFFIPLL 173

                         170
                  ....*....|....*
gi 1464254614 161 IMILVYLRIYVIAKR 175
Cdd:cd14967   174 IMIVLYARIFRVARR 188

serotonin receptor subtypes 1, 5 and 7, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; This group includes serotonin receptor subtypes 1, 5, and 7 that are activated by the neurotransmitter serotonin. The 5-HT1 and 5-HT5 receptors mediate inhibitory neurotransmission by coupling to G proteins of the G(i/o) family. The 5-HT1 receptor subfamily includes 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT1D, 5-HT1E, and 5-HT1F. There is no 5-HT1C receptor subtype, as it has been reclassified as 5-HT2C receptor. The 5-HT5A and 5-HT5B receptors have been cloned from rat and mouse, but only the 5-HT5A isoform has been identified in human because of the presence of premature stop codons in the human 5-HT5B gene, which prevents a functional receptor from being expressed. The 5-HT7 receptor is coupled to Gs, which positively stimulates adenylate cyclase activity, leading to increased intracellular cAMP formation and calcium influx. In the CNS, serotonin is involved in the regulation of appetite, mood, sleep, cognition, learning and memory, as well as implicated in neurologic disorders such as migraine, schizophrenia, and depression.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614   1 IFGNALVILAVLTSRSLRAPQNLF*VSLAAADILVATLIIPFSLANELLGYWYFWRAWCEVYLALDVLFCTSSIVHLCAI 80
Cdd:cd15064    15 ILGNALVIAAILLTRKLHTPANYLIASLAVADLLVAVLVMPLSAVYELTGRWILGQVLCDIWISLDVTCCTASILHLCVI 94

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614  81 SLDRYWAVSRALEYNSKRTPRRIKCIILTVWLIAAVISLPPLI-YKGDQRPEPHglpQCELNQEAWYILASSIGSFFAPC 159
Cdd:cd15064    95 ALDRYWAITDAVEYAHKRTPKRAAVMIALVWTLSICISLPPLFgWRTPDSEDPS---ECLISQDIGYTIFSTFGAFYIPL 171

                         170
                  ....*....|....*...
gi 1464254614 160 LIMILVYLRIYVIAKRSH 177
Cdd:cd15064   172 LLMLILYWKIYRAAARER 189

tyramine/octopamine receptor-like, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; This group includes tyramine/octopamine receptors and similar proteins found in insects and other invertebrates. Both octopamine and tyramine mediate their actions via G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and are the invertebrate equivalent of vertebrate adrenergic neurotransmitters. In Drosophila, octopamine is involved in ovulation by mediating an egg release from the ovary, while a physiological role for tyramine in this process is not fully understood. All GPCRs have a common structural architecture comprising of seven-transmembrane (TM) alpha-helices interconnected by three extracellular and three intracellular loops. A general feature of GPCR signaling is agonist-induced conformational changes in the receptors, leading to activation of the heterotrimeric G proteins, which consist of the guanine nucleotide-binding G-alpha subunit and the dimeric G-beta-gamma subunits. The activated G proteins then bind to and activate numerous downstream effector proteins, which generate second messengers that mediate a broad range of cellular and physiological processes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614   1 IFGNALVILAVLTSRSLRAPQNLF*VSLAAADILVATLIIPFSLANELLGYWYFWRAWCEVYLALDVLFCTSSIVHLCAI 80
Cdd:cd15060    15 IVGNILVILSVFTYRPLRIVQNFFIVSLAVADLAVAIFVLPLNVAYFLLGKWLFGIHLCQMWLTCDILCCTASILNLCAI 94

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614  81 SLDRYWAVSRALEYNSKRTPRRIKCIILTVWLIAAVISLPPLIYKGDQRPEPHGLPQCELNQEAWYILASSIGSFFAPCL 160
Cdd:cd15060    95 ALDRYWAIHDPINYAQKRTLKRVLLMIVVVWALSALISVPPLIGWNDWPENFTETTPCTLTEEKGYVIYSSSGSFFIPLL 174

                         170
                  ....*....|.
gi 1464254614 161 IMILVYLRIYV 171
Cdd:cd15060   175 IMTIVYVKIFI 185

octopamine receptors in invertebrates, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; G-protein coupled receptor for octopamine (OA), which functions as a neurotransmitter, neurohormone, and neuromodulator in invertebrate nervous system. Octopamine (also known as beta, 4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) is an endogenous trace amine that is highly similar to norepinephrine, but lacks a hydroxyl group, and has effects on the adrenergic and dopaminergic nervous systems. Based on the pharmacological and signaling profiles, the octopamine receptors can be classified into at least two groups: OA1 receptors elevate intracellular calcium levels in muscle, whereas OA2 receptors activate adenylate cyclase and increase cAMP production.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614   1 IFGNALVILAVLTSRSLRAPQNLF*VSLAAADILVATLIIPFSLANELLGYWYFWRAWCEVYLALDVLFCTSSIVHLCAI 80
Cdd:cd15063    15 VLGNLLVIAAVLCSRKLRTVTNLFIVSLACADLLVGTLVLPFSAVNEVLDVWIFGHTWCQIWLAVDVWMCTASILNLCAI 94

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614  81 SLDRYWAVSRALEYNSKRTPRRIKCIILTVWLIAAVISLPPLIYKGDQRPEPHGLP-------QCELNQEAWYILASSIG 153
Cdd:cd15063    95 SLDRYLAITRPIRYPSLMSTKRAKCLIAGVWVLSFVICFPPLVGWNDGKDGIMDYSgssslpcTCELTNGRGYVIYSALG 174

                         170       180
                  ....*....|....*....|..
gi 1464254614 154 SFFAPCLIMILVYLRIYVIAKR 175
Cdd:cd15063   175 SFYIPMLVMLFFYFRIYRAARM 196

D2-like dopamine receptors, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Dopamine receptors are members of the class A G protein-coupled receptors that are involved in many neurological processes in the central nervous system (CNS). The neurotransmitter dopamine is the primary endogenous agonist for dopamine receptors. Dopamine receptors consist of at least five subtypes: D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5. The D1 and D5 subtypes are members of the D1-like family of dopamine receptors, whereas the D2, D3 and D4 subtypes are members of the D2-like family. The D1-like family receptors are coupled to G proteins of the G(s) family, which activate adenylate cyclase, causing cAMP formation and activation of protein kinase A. In contrast, activation of D2-like family receptors is linked to G proteins of the G(i) family, which inhibit adenylate cyclase. Dopamine receptors are major therapeutic targets for neurological and psychiatric disorders such as drug abuse, depression, schizophrenia, or Parkinson's disease.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614   1 IFGNALVILAVLTSRSLRAPQNLF*VSLAAADILVATLIIPFSLANELL-GYWYFWRAWCEVYLALDVLFCTSSIVHLCA 79
Cdd:cd15053    15 VFGNVLVIMSVFRERSLQTATNYFIVSLAVADLLVAILVMPFAVYVEVNgGKWYLGPILCDIYIAMDVMCSTASIFNLCA 94

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614  80 ISLDRYWAVSRALEYNSKRTPRRIKCIILTVWLIAAVISLPPLIykGDQRPEPHGLPQCELnQEAWYILASSIGSFFAPC 159
Cdd:cd15053    95 ISIDRYIAVTQPIKYARQKNSKRVLLTIAIVWVVSAAIACPLLF--GLNNVPYRDPEECRF-YNPDFIIYSSISSFYIPC 171

                         170
                  ....*....|....*...
gi 1464254614 160 LIMILVYLRIYVIAKRSH 177
Cdd:cd15053   172 IVMLLLYYRIFRALRREK 189

Drosophila melanogaster beta-adrenergic receptor-like octopamine receptors and similar receptors in bilateria; member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; This group includes Drosophila beta-adrenergic-like octopamine receptors and similar proteins. The biogenic amine octopamine is the invertebrate equivalent of vertebrate adrenergic neurotransmitters and exerts its effects through different G protein-coupled receptor types. Insect octopamine receptors are involved in the modulation of carbohydrate metabolism, muscular tension, cognition and memory. The activation of octopamine receptors mediating these actions leads to an increase in adenylate cyclase activity, thereby increasing cAMP levels. In Drosophila melanogaster, three subgroups have been classified on the basis of their structural homology and functional equivalents with vertebrate beta-adrenergic receptors: DmOctBeta1R, DmOctBeta2R, and DmOctBeta3R.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614   1 IFGNALVILAVLTSRSLRAPQNLF*VSLAAADILVATLIIPFSLANELLGYWYFWRAWCEVYLALDVLFCTSSIVHLCAI 80
Cdd:cd15066    14 IFGNLLVIISVMRHRKLRVITNYFVVSLAMADMLVALCAMTFNASVEITGRWMFGYFMCDVWNSLDVYFSTASILHLCCI 93

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614  81 SLDRYWAVSRALEYNSKRTPRRIKCIILTVWLIAAVISLPP-----------LIYKGDQrPEphglpQCELNQEAWYILA 149
Cdd:cd15066    94 SVDRYYAIVQPLEYPSKMTKRRVAIMLANVWISPALISFLPiflgwytteehLQYRKTH-PD-----QCEFVVNKIYALI 167

                         170       180
                  ....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1464254614 150 SSIGSFFAPCLIMILVYLRIYVIAKRSH 177
Cdd:cd15066   168 SSSVSFWIPCIVMIFTYYRIYLEAKREH 195

D1-like family of dopamine receptors, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Dopamine receptors are members of the class A G protein-coupled receptors that are involved in many neurological processes in the central nervous system (CNS). The neurotransmitter dopamine is the primary endogenous agonist for dopamine receptors. Dopamine receptors consist of at least five subtypes: D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5. The D1 and D5 subtypes are members of the D1-like family of dopamine receptors, whereas the D2, D3 and D4 subtypes are members of the D2-like family. The D1-like family receptors are coupled to G proteins of the G(s) family, which activate adenylate cyclase, causing cAMP formation and activation of protein kinase A. In contrast, activation of D2-like family receptors is linked to G proteins of the G(i) family, which inhibit adenylate cyclase. Dopamine receptors are major therapeutic targets for neurological and psychiatric disorders such as drug abuse, depression, schizophrenia, or Parkinson's disease. All GPCRs have a common structural architecture comprising of seven-transmembrane (TM) alpha-helices interconnected by three extracellular and three intracellular loops. A general feature of GPCR signaling is agonist-induced conformational changes in the receptors, leading to activation of the heterotrimeric G proteins, which consist of the guanine nucleotide-binding G-alpha subunit and the dimeric G-beta-gamma subunits. The activated G proteins then bind to and activate numerous downstream effector proteins, which generate second messengers that mediate a broad range of cellular and physiological processes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614   1 IFGNALVILAVLTSRSLRAP-QNLF*VSLAAADILVATLIIPFSLANELLGYWYFWRaWCEVYLALDVLFCTSSIVHLCA 79
Cdd:cd15057    15 LLGNALVIAAVLRFRHLRSKvTNYFIVSLAVSDLLVAILVMPWAAVNEVAGYWPFGS-FCDVWVSFDIMCSTASILNLCV 93

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614  80 ISLDRYWAVSRALEYNSKRTPRRIKCIILTVWLIAAVISLPPL---IYKGDQRPEPHGL----PQCELNQEAWYILASSI 152
Cdd:cd15057    94 ISVDRYWAISSPFRYERRMTRRRAFIMIAVAWTLSALISFIPVqlgWHRADDTSEALALyadpCQCDSSLNRTYAISSSL 173

                         170       180
                  ....*....|....*....|...
gi 1464254614 153 GSFFAPCLIMILVYLRIYVIAKR 175
Cdd:cd15057   174 ISFYIPVAIMIVTYTRIYRIARR 196

serotonin receptor subtype 1A from invertebrates, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The 5-HT1 receptors, one of 14 mammalian 5-HT receptors, is a member of the class A of GPCRs and is activated by the endogenous neurotransmitter and peripheral signal mediator serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT). The 5-HT1 receptors mediate inhibitory neurotransmission by coupling to G proteins of the G(i/o) family, which lead to a decrease in adenylate cyclase activity, thereby decreasing intracellular cAMP levels and calcium influx. The 5-HT1 receptor subfamily includes 5 subtypes: 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT1D, 5-HT1E, and 5-HT1F. There is no 5-HT1C receptor subtype, as it has been reclassified as the 5-HT2C receptor. In the CNS, serotonin is involved in the regulation of appetite, mood, sleep, cognition, learning and memory, as well as implicated in neurologic disorders such as migraine, schizophrenia, and depression.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614   1 IFGNALVILAVLTSRSLRAPQNLF*VSLAAADILVATLIIPFSLANELLGYWYFWRAWCEVYLALDVLFCTSSIVHLCAI 80
Cdd:cd15331    15 IIGNVFVIAAILLERSLQGVSNYLILSLAVADLMVAVLVMPLSAVYEVSQHWFLGPEVCDMWISMDVLCCTASILHLVAI 94

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614  81 SLDRYWAVSRaLEYNSKRTPRRIKCIILTVWLIAAVISLPPLIYKGDQ----RPEPHGlpQCELNQEAWYILASSIGSFF 156
Cdd:cd15331    95 ALDRYWAVTN-IDYIRRRTAKRILIMIAVVWFVSLIISIAPLFGWKDEddldRVLKTG--VCLISQDYGYTIFSTVGAFY 171

                         170
                  ....*....|....*....
gi 1464254614 157 APCLIMILVYLRIYVIAKR 175
Cdd:cd15331   172 VPLLLMIIIYWKIYQAAKR 190

alpha-1 adrenergic receptors, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The alpha-1 adrenergic receptors (or adrenoceptors) are a subfamily of the class A rhodopsin-like GPCRs that share a common architecture of seven transmembrane helices. This subfamily consists of three highly homologous receptor subtypes that primarily mediate smooth muscle contraction: alpha-1A, alpha-1B, and alpha-1D. Activation of alpha-1 receptors by catecholamines such as norepinephrine and epinephrine couples to the G(q) protein, which then activates the phospholipase C pathway, leading to an increase in IP3 and calcium. Consequently, the elevation of intracellular calcium concentration leads to vasoconstriction in smooth muscle of blood vessels. In addition, activation of alpha-1 receptors by phenylpropanolamine (PPA) produces anorexia and may induce appetite suppression in rats.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614   1 IFGNALVILAVLTSRSLRAPQNLF*VSLAAADILVATLIIPFSLANELLGYWYFWRAWCEVYLALDVLFCTSSIVHLCAI 80
Cdd:cd15062    15 IGGNLLVILSVACNRHLRTPTHYFIVNLAVADLLLSFTVLPFSATLEVLGYWAFGRIFCDVWAAVDVLCCTASIMSLCVI 94

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614  81 SLDRYWAVSRALEYNSKRTPRRIKCIILTVWLIAAVISLPPLIykGDQRPEPHGLPQCELNQEAWYILASSIGSFFAPCL 160
Cdd:cd15062    95 SVDRYIGVRYPLNYPTIVTARRATVALLIVWVLSLVISIGPLL--GWKEPAPADEQACGVNEEPGYVLFSSLGSFYLPLA 172

                         170
                  ....*....|...
gi 1464254614 161 IMILVYLRIYVIA 173
Cdd:cd15062   173 IILVMYCRVYVVA 185

alpha-1 adrenergic receptors subtype D, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The alpha-1 adrenergic receptors (or adrenoceptors) are a subfamily of the class A rhodopsin-like GPCRs that share a common architecture of seven transmembrane helices. This subfamily consists of three highly homologous receptor subtypes that primarily mediate smooth muscle contraction: alpha-1A, alpha-1B, and alpha-1D. Activation of alpha-1 receptors by catecholamines such as norepinephrine and epinephrine couples to the G(q) protein, which then activates the phospholipase C pathway, leading to an increase in IP3 and calcium. Consequently, the elevation of intracellular calcium concentration leads to vasoconstriction in smooth muscle of blood vessels. In addition, activation of alpha-1 receptors by phenylpropanolamine (PPA) produces anorexia and may induce appetite suppression in rats.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614   1 IFGNALVILAVLTSRSLRAPQNLF*VSLAAADILVATLIIPFSLANELLGYWYFWRAWCEVYLALDVLFCTSSIVHLCAI 80
Cdd:cd15327    15 IVGNILVILSVACNRHLQTVTNYFIVNLAIADLLLSTTVLPFSATLEVLGFWAFGRVFCDIWAAVDVLCCTASILSLCVI 94

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614  81 SLDRYWAVSRALEYNSKRTPRRIKCIILTVWLIAAVISLPPLIykGDQRPEPHGLPQCELNQEAWYILASSIGSFFAPCL 160
Cdd:cd15327    95 SVDRYVGVKHSLKYPTIMTERKAGVILVLLWVSSMVISIGPLL--GWKEPPPPDESICSITEEPGYALFSSLFSFYLPLM 172

                         170
                  ....*....|...
gi 1464254614 161 IMILVYLRIYVIA 173
Cdd:cd15327   173 VILVMYFRVYVVA 185

alpha-1 adrenergic receptors subtype A, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The alpha-1 adrenergic receptors (or adrenoceptors) are a subfamily of the class A rhodopsin-like GPCRs that share a common architecture of seven transmembrane helices. This subfamily consists of three highly homologous receptor subtypes that primarily mediate smooth muscle contraction: alpha-1A, alpha-1B, and alpha-1D. Activation of alpha-1 receptors by catecholamines such as norepinephrine and epinephrine couples to the G(q) protein, which then activates the phospholipase C pathway, leading to an increase in IP3 and calcium. Consequently, the elevation of intracellular calcium concentration leads to vasoconstriction in smooth muscle of blood vessels. In addition, activation of alpha-1 receptors by phenylpropanolamine (PPA) produces anorexia and may induce appetite suppression in rats.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614   1 IFGNALVILAVLTSRSLRAPQNLF*VSLAAADILVATLIIPFSLANELLGYWYFWRAWCEVYLALDVLFCTSSIVHLCAI 80
Cdd:cd15325    15 VLGNILVILSVACHRHLQTVTHYFIVNLAVADLLLTSTVLPFSAIFEILGYWAFGRVFCNIWAAVDVLCCTASIMSLCII 94

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614  81 SLDRYWAVSRALEYNSKRTPRRIKCIILTVWLIAAVISLPPLIykGDQRPEPHGLPQCELNQEAWYILASSIGSFFAPCL 160
Cdd:cd15325    95 SIDRYIGVSYPLRYPSIMTERRGLLALLCVWVLSLVISIGPLF--GWKEPAPEDETICQITEEPGYALFSALGSFYLPLA 172

                         170
                  ....*....|...
gi 1464254614 161 IMILVYLRIYVIA 173
Cdd:cd15325   173 IILVMYCRVYVVA 185

serotonin receptor subtype 2, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The 5-HT2 receptors are a subfamily of serotonin receptors that bind the neurotransmitter serotonin (5HT; 5-hydroxytryptamine) in the central nervous system (CNS). The 5-HT2 subfamily is composed of three subtypes that mediate excitatory neurotransmission: 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B, and 5-HT2C. They are selectively linked to G proteins of the G(q/11) family and activate phospholipase C, which leads to activation of protein kinase C and calcium release. In the CNS, serotonin is involved in the regulation of appetite, mood, sleep, cognition, learning and memory, as well as implicated in diseases such as migraine, schizophrenia, and depression. Indeed, 5-HT2 receptors are attractive targets for a variety of psychoactive drugs, ranging from atypical antipsychotic drugs, antidepressants, and anxiolytics, which have an antagonistic action on 5-HT2 receptors, to hallucinogens, which act as agonists at postsynaptic 5-HT2 receptors. All GPCRs have a common structural architecture comprising of seven-transmembrane (TM) alpha-helices interconnected by three extracellular and three intracellular loops. A general feature of GPCR signaling is agonist-induced conformational changes in the receptors, leading to activation of the heterotrimeric G proteins, which consist of the guanine nucleotide-binding G-alpha subunit and the dimeric G-beta-gamma subunits. The activated G proteins then bind to and activate numerous downstream effector proteins, which generate second messengers that mediate a broad range of cellular and physiological processes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614   1 IFGNALVILAVLTSRSLRAPQNLF*VSLAAADILVATLIIPFSLANELLG-YWYFWRAWCEVYLALDVLFCTSSIVHLCA 79
Cdd:cd15052    15 IGGNILVCLAISLEKRLQNVTNYFLMSLAIADLLVGLLVMPLSILTELFGgVWPLPLVLCLLWVTLDVLFCTASIMHLCT 94

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614  80 ISLDRYWAVSRALEYNSKRTPRRIKCIILTVWLIAAVISLpPLIYKGDQRPEP---HGlpQCELNQEAwYILASSIGSFF 156
Cdd:cd15052    95 ISLDRYMAIRYPLRTRRNKSRTTVFLKIAIVWLISIGISS-PIPVLGIIDTTNvlnNG--TCVLFNPN-FVIYGSIVAFF 170

                         170       180
                  ....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614 157 APCLIMILVY-LRIYVIAKR 175
Cdd:cd15052   171 IPLLIMVVTYaLTIRLLSNE 190

trace amine-associated receptors, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs) are a distinct subfamily within the class A G protein-coupled receptor family. Trace amines are endogenous amines of unknown function that have strong structural and metabolic similarity to classical monoamine neurotransmitters (serotonin, noradrenaline, adrenaline, dopamine, and histamine), which play critical roles in human and animal physiological activities such as cognition, consciousness, mood, motivation, perception, and autonomic responses. However, trace amines are found in the mammalian brain at very low concentrations compared to classical monoamines. Trace amines, including p-tyramine, beta-phenylethylamine, and tryptamine, are also thought to act as chemical messengers to exert their biological effects in vertebrates. All GPCRs have a common structural architecture comprising of seven-transmembrane (TM) alpha-helices interconnected by three extracellular and three intracellular loops. A general feature of GPCR signaling is agonist-induced conformational changes in the receptors, leading to activation of the heterotrimeric G proteins, which consist of the guanine nucleotide-binding G-alpha subunit and the dimeric G-beta-gamma subunits. The activated G proteins then bind to and activate numerous downstream effector proteins, which generate second messengers that mediate a broad range of cellular and physiological processes.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614   1 IFGNALVILAVLTSRSLRAPQNLF*VSLAAADILVATLIIPFSLANELLGYWYFWRAWCEVYLALDVLFCTSSIVHLCAI 80
Cdd:cd15055    15 VLGNLLVIISISHFKQLHTPTNLLLLSLAVADFLVGLLVMPFSMIRSIETCWYFGDTFCKLHSSLDYILTSASIFNLVLI 94

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1464254614  81 SLDRYWAVSRALEYNSKRTPRRIKCIILTVWLIAAVISLPPLIYKGDQRPEP-----HGlpQCELNQEAWYILASSIGSF 155
Cdd:cd15055    95 AIDRYVAVCDPLLYPTKITIRRVKICICLCWFVSALYSSVLLYDNLNQPGLIrynscYG--ECVVVVNFIWGVVDLVLTF 172

                         170       180       190       200
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1464254614 156 FAPCLIMILVYLRIYVIAkRSHCRGLRA--KRGSGEGESKK 194
Cdd:cd15055   173 ILPCTVMIVLYMRIFVVA-RSQARAIRShtAQVSLEGSSKK 212

trace amine-associated receptor 1 and similar receptors, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) is one of the 15 identified trace amine-associated receptor subtypes, which form a distinct subfamily within the class A G protein-coupled receptor family. Trace amines are endogenous amines of unknown function that have strong structural and metabolic similarity to classical monoamine neurotransmitters (serotonin, noradrenaline, adrenaline, dopamine, and histamine), which play critical roles in human and animal physiological activities such as cognition, consciousness, mood, motivation, perception, and autonomic responses. However, trace amines are found in the mammalian brain at very low concentrations compared to classical monoamines. TAAR1 is coupled to the Gs protein, which leads to activation of adenylate cyclase, and is thought to play functional role in the regulation of brain monoamines. TAAR1 is also shown to be activated by psychoactive compounds such as Ecstasy (MDMA), amphetamine and LSD. All GPCRs have a common structural architecture comprising of seven-transmembrane (TM) alpha-helices interconnected by three extracellular and three intracellular loops. A general feature of GPCR signaling is agonist-induced conformational changes in the receptors, leading to activation of the heterotrimeric G proteins, which consist of the guanine nucleotide-binding G-alpha subunit and the dimeric G-beta-gamma subunits. The activated G proteins then bind to and activate numerous downstream effector proteins, which generate second messengers that mediate a broad range of cellular and physiological processes.