brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1, a group VII adhesion GPCR, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitors (BAI1-3) constitute the group VII of cell-adhesion receptors that have been implicated in vascularization of glioblastomas. They belong to the B2 subfamily of class B GPCRs, are predominantly expressed in the brain, and are only present in vertebrates. Three BAIs, like all adhesion receptors, are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. For example, BAI1 N-terminus contain an integrin-binding RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) motif in addition to five thrombospondin type 1 repeats (TSRs), which are known to regulate the anti-angiogenic activity of thrombospondin-1, whereas BAI2 and BAI3 have four TSRs, but do not possess RGD motifs. The TSRs are functionally involved in cell attachment, activation of latent TGF-beta, inhibition of angiogenesis and endothelial cell migration. The TSRs of BAI1 mediates direct binding to phosphatidylserine, which enables both recognition and internalization of apoptotic cells by phagocytes. Thus, BAI1 functions as a phosphatidylserine receptor that forms a trimeric complex with ELMO and Dock180, leading to activation of Rac-GTPase which promotes the binding and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. BAI3 can also interact with the ELMO-Dock180 complex to activate the Rac pathway and can also bind to secreted C1ql proteins of the C1Q complement family via its N-terminal TSRs. BAI3 and its ligands C1QL1 are highly expressed during synaptogenesis and are involved in synapse specificity. Moreover, BAI2 acts as a transcription repressor to regulate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression through interaction with GA-binding protein gamma (GABP). The N-terminal extracellular domains of all three BAIs also contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain, which undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), a putative hormone-binding domain (HBD), and multiple N-glycosylation sites. The C-terminus of each BAI subtype ends with a conserved Gln-Thr-Glu-Val (QTEV) motif known to interact with PDZ domain-containing proteins, but only BAI1 possesses a proline-rich region, which may be involved in protein-protein interactions.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865  941 MEKATLPSVTLIVGCGVSSLTLLMLVIIYVSVWRYIRSERSVILINFCLSIISSNALILIGQTQTRNKVVCTLVAAFLHF 1020
Cdd:cd15990     1 MEKALLPSVTLIVGCGVSSLTLLLLIIIYVSVWRYIRSERSVILINFCLSIISSNALILIGQTQTRNKVVCTLVAAFLHF 80

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865 1021 FFLSSFCWVLTEAWQSYMAVTGHLRNRLIRKRFLCLGWGLPALVVAISVGFTKAKGYSTMNYCWLSLEGGLLYAFVGPAA 1100
Cdd:cd15990    81 FFLSSFCWVLTEAWQSYMAVTGRLRNRIIRKRFLCLGWGLPALVVAISVGFTKAKGYGTVNYCWLSLEGGLLYAFVGPAA 160

                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865 1101 AVVLVNMVIGILVFNKLVSKDGITDKKLKERAGASLWSSCVVLPLLALTWMSAVLAVTDRRSALFQILFAVFDSLEGFVI 1180
Cdd:cd15990   161 AVVLVNMVIGILVFNKLVSKDGITDKKLKERAGASLWSSCVVLPLLALTWMSAVLAITDRRSALFQILFAVFDSLEGFVI 240

                         250       260
                  ....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 410516865 1181 VMVHCILRREVQDAVKCRVVDRQEEGN 1207
Cdd:cd15990   241 VMVHCILRREVQDAVKCRVVDRQEEGN 267

GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain; The GAIN a domain of alpha-helices and beta-strands that is found in cell-adhesion GPCRs and precedes the GPS motif where the autoproteolysis occurs, family, pfam01825. The full GAIN domain, comprises the GPS and the GAIN, in cell-adhesion GPCRs, and is the functional unit for autoproteolysis. The GPS motif at the end of the GAIN domain is an ancient domain that exists in primitive ancestor organizms, and the full GAIN + GPS is conserved in all cell-adhesion GPCRs and all PKD1-related proteins.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865   661 GVSEVIQTLVEISQDGTSYSGDLLSTIDVLRNMTEIFRRAYYSPTPGDVQNFVQILSNLLAEENRDKWEEAQLAGPNAKE 740
Cdd:pfam16489    1 GAKELARELRNATRHGPLYGGDVLTAVELLSQLFDLLATQDATLSNAFLENFVQTVSNLLDPENRESWEDLQQTERGTAA 80

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865   741 --LFRLVEDFVDVIGFRMKDLRDAYQVTDNLVLSIHKLPAS---GATDISFPMKGWRATGdwakvpEDRVTVSKSVFStg 815
Cdd:pfam16489   81 tkLLRTLEEYALLLAQNMKYLTPFTIVTPNIVLSVDRLDTHnfkGARFPRFPMKGERPKD------EDSVKLPPKAFK-- 152

                          170       180       190       200       210
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 410516865   816 ltEADEASVFVVGTVLYRNLGSFLALQRN-----------TTVLNSKVISVTVKP 859
Cdd:pfam16489  153 --PPDSNGTVVVVFILYRNLGSLLPPSSRydpdrrslrlpRRVVNSPVVSASVHS 205

Thrombospondin type 1 repeats; Type 1 repeats in thrombospondin-1 bind and activate TGF-beta.

                            10        20        30        40        50
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 410516865    525 WQAWASWGSCSVTCGAGSQRRERVCSGP--FFGGAACQGPQDEYRQCGTQRCP 575
Cdd:smart00209    1 WSEWSEWSPCSVTCGGGVQTRTRSCCSPppQNGGGPCTGEDVETRACNEQPCP 53

Thrombospondin type 1 repeats; Type 1 repeats in thrombospondin-1 bind and activate TGF-beta.

                            10        20        30        40        50
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 410516865    359 EWSPWSVCSSTCGEGWQTRTRFCVSSSYS---TQCSGPLREQRLCNNSAvCP 407
Cdd:smart00209    3 EWSEWSPCSVTCGGGVQTRTRSCCSPPPQnggGPCTGEDVETRACNEQP-CP 53

Thrombospondin type 1 repeats; Type 1 repeats in thrombospondin-1 bind and activate TGF-beta.

                            10        20        30        40        50
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 410516865    264 WKLWSLWGECTRDCGGGLQTRTRTC-LPAPGVEGGGCEGVLEEGRQCNREAC 314
Cdd:smart00209    1 WSEWSEWSPCSVTCGGGVQTRTRSCcSPPPQNGGGPCTGEDVETRACNEQPC 52

brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1, a group VII adhesion GPCR, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitors (BAI1-3) constitute the group VII of cell-adhesion receptors that have been implicated in vascularization of glioblastomas. They belong to the B2 subfamily of class B GPCRs, are predominantly expressed in the brain, and are only present in vertebrates. Three BAIs, like all adhesion receptors, are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. For example, BAI1 N-terminus contain an integrin-binding RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) motif in addition to five thrombospondin type 1 repeats (TSRs), which are known to regulate the anti-angiogenic activity of thrombospondin-1, whereas BAI2 and BAI3 have four TSRs, but do not possess RGD motifs. The TSRs are functionally involved in cell attachment, activation of latent TGF-beta, inhibition of angiogenesis and endothelial cell migration. The TSRs of BAI1 mediates direct binding to phosphatidylserine, which enables both recognition and internalization of apoptotic cells by phagocytes. Thus, BAI1 functions as a phosphatidylserine receptor that forms a trimeric complex with ELMO and Dock180, leading to activation of Rac-GTPase which promotes the binding and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. BAI3 can also interact with the ELMO-Dock180 complex to activate the Rac pathway and can also bind to secreted C1ql proteins of the C1Q complement family via its N-terminal TSRs. BAI3 and its ligands C1QL1 are highly expressed during synaptogenesis and are involved in synapse specificity. Moreover, BAI2 acts as a transcription repressor to regulate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression through interaction with GA-binding protein gamma (GABP). The N-terminal extracellular domains of all three BAIs also contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain, which undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), a putative hormone-binding domain (HBD), and multiple N-glycosylation sites. The C-terminus of each BAI subtype ends with a conserved Gln-Thr-Glu-Val (QTEV) motif known to interact with PDZ domain-containing proteins, but only BAI1 possesses a proline-rich region, which may be involved in protein-protein interactions.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865  941 MEKATLPSVTLIVGCGVSSLTLLMLVIIYVSVWRYIRSERSVILINFCLSIISSNALILIGQTQTRNKVVCTLVAAFLHF 1020
Cdd:cd15990     1 MEKALLPSVTLIVGCGVSSLTLLLLIIIYVSVWRYIRSERSVILINFCLSIISSNALILIGQTQTRNKVVCTLVAAFLHF 80

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865 1021 FFLSSFCWVLTEAWQSYMAVTGHLRNRLIRKRFLCLGWGLPALVVAISVGFTKAKGYSTMNYCWLSLEGGLLYAFVGPAA 1100
Cdd:cd15990    81 FFLSSFCWVLTEAWQSYMAVTGRLRNRIIRKRFLCLGWGLPALVVAISVGFTKAKGYGTVNYCWLSLEGGLLYAFVGPAA 160

                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865 1101 AVVLVNMVIGILVFNKLVSKDGITDKKLKERAGASLWSSCVVLPLLALTWMSAVLAVTDRRSALFQILFAVFDSLEGFVI 1180
Cdd:cd15990   161 AVVLVNMVIGILVFNKLVSKDGITDKKLKERAGASLWSSCVVLPLLALTWMSAVLAITDRRSALFQILFAVFDSLEGFVI 240

                         250       260
                  ....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 410516865 1181 VMVHCILRREVQDAVKCRVVDRQEEGN 1207
Cdd:cd15990   241 VMVHCILRREVQDAVKCRVVDRQEEGN 267

7 transmembrane receptor (Secretin family); This family is known as Family B, the secretin-receptor family or family 2 of the G-protein-coupled receptors (GCPRs). They have been described in many animal species, but not in plants, fungi or prokaryotes. Three distinct sub-families are recognized. Subfamily B1 contains classical hormone receptors, such as receptors for secretin and glucagon, that are all involved in cAMP-mediated signalling pathways. Subfamily B2 contains receptors with long extracellular N-termini, such as the leukocyte cell-surface antigen CD97; calcium-independent receptors for latrotoxin, and brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitors amongst others. Subfamily B3 includes Methuselah and other Drosophila proteins. Other than the typical seven-transmembrane region, characteriztic structural features include an amino-terminal extracellular domain involved in ligand binding, and an intracellular loop (IC3) required for specific G-protein coupling.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865   944 ATLPSVTLIVGCGVSSLTLLMLVIIYVSVwRYIRSERSVILINFCLSIISSNALILIGQTQTRNK--------VVCTLVA 1015
Cdd:pfam00002    1 ALSLKVIYTVGYSLSLVALLLAIAIFLLF-RKLHCTRNYIHLNLFASFILRALLFLVGDAVLFNKqdldhcswVGCKVVA 79

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865  1016 AFLHFFFLSSFCWVLTEAWQSYMA-VTGHLRNRLIRKRFLCLGWGLPALVVAISVGFTkAKGYSTMNYCWLSLEGGLLYA 1094
Cdd:pfam00002   80 VFLHYFFLANFFWMLVEGLYLYTLlVEVFFSERKYFWWYLLIGWGVPALVVGIWAGVD-PKGYGEDDGCWLSNENGLWWI 158

                          170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865  1095 FVGPAAAVVLVNMVIGILVFNKLVSKDGITDKKLKERAGASLW--SSCVVLPLLALTWMSAVLAVTDRR--SALFQILFA 1170
Cdd:pfam00002  159 IRGPILLIILVNFIIFINIVRILVQKLRETNMGKSDLKQYRRLakSTLLLLPLLGITWVFGLFAFNPENtlRVVFLYLFL 238

                          250
                   ....*....|
gi 410516865  1171 VFDSLEGFVI 1180
Cdd:pfam00002  239 ILNSFQGFFV 248

Thrombospondin type 1 repeats; Type 1 repeats in thrombospondin-1 bind and activate TGF-beta.

                            10        20        30        40        50
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 410516865    412 WDEWSPWSLCSSTCGRGFRDRTRTC--RPPQFGGNPCEGPEKQTKFCNIALCP 462
Cdd:smart00209    1 WSEWSEWSPCSVTCGGGVQTRTRSCcsPPPQNGGGPCTGEDVETRACNEQPCP 53

G-protein-coupled receptor proteolytic site domain; Present in latrophilin/CL-1, sea urchin REJ and polycystin.

                            10        20        30        40        50
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 410516865    880 TNQTCILWDETDvpsssappqlGPWSWRGCRTVPLDALRTRCLCDRLSTFAILAQLSAD 938
Cdd:smart00303    1 FNPICVFWDESS----------GEWSTRGCELLETNGTHTTCSCNHLTTFAVLMDVPPI 49

Thrombospondin type 1 domain;

                           10        20        30        40
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 410516865   414 EWSPWSLCSSTCGRGFRDRTRTCRPPQFGGNPCEGPEKQTKFCNIALC 461
Cdd:pfam00090    2 PWSPWSPCSVTCGKGIQVRQRTCKSPFPGGEPCTGDDIETQACKMDKC 49

Thrombospondin type 1 domain;

                           10        20        30        40
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 410516865   528 WASWGSCSVTCGAGSQRRERVCSGPFFGGAACQGPQDEYRQCGTQRC 574
Cdd:pfam00090    3 WSPWSPCSVTCGKGIQVRQRTCKSPFPGGEPCTGDDIETQACKMDKC 49

Thrombospondin type 1 repeats; Type 1 repeats in thrombospondin-1 bind and activate TGF-beta.

                            10        20        30        40        50
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 410516865    264 WKLWSLWGECTRDCGGGLQTRTRTC-LPAPGVEGGGCEGVLEEGRQCNREAC 314
Cdd:smart00209    1 WSEWSEWSPCSVTCGGGVQTRTRSCcSPPPQNGGGPCTGEDVETRACNEQPC 52

Hormone receptor domain; This extracellular domain contains four conserved cysteines that probably for disulphide bridges. The domain is found in a variety of hormone receptors. It may be a ligand binding domain.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 410516865   578 HEICDEDNFGAVIWKETPAGEVAAVRCPR-----NATGLILRRCelDEEGiaYWE---PPTYIRCVSI 637
Cdd:pfam02793    1 GLGCPRTWDGILCWPRTPAGETVEVPCPDyfsgfDPRGNASRNC--TEDG--TWSehpPSNYSNCTSN 64

brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1, a group VII adhesion GPCR, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitors (BAI1-3) constitute the group VII of cell-adhesion receptors that have been implicated in vascularization of glioblastomas. They belong to the B2 subfamily of class B GPCRs, are predominantly expressed in the brain, and are only present in vertebrates. Three BAIs, like all adhesion receptors, are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. For example, BAI1 N-terminus contain an integrin-binding RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) motif in addition to five thrombospondin type 1 repeats (TSRs), which are known to regulate the anti-angiogenic activity of thrombospondin-1, whereas BAI2 and BAI3 have four TSRs, but do not possess RGD motifs. The TSRs are functionally involved in cell attachment, activation of latent TGF-beta, inhibition of angiogenesis and endothelial cell migration. The TSRs of BAI1 mediates direct binding to phosphatidylserine, which enables both recognition and internalization of apoptotic cells by phagocytes. Thus, BAI1 functions as a phosphatidylserine receptor that forms a trimeric complex with ELMO and Dock180, leading to activation of Rac-GTPase which promotes the binding and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. BAI3 can also interact with the ELMO-Dock180 complex to activate the Rac pathway and can also bind to secreted C1ql proteins of the C1Q complement family via its N-terminal TSRs. BAI3 and its ligands C1QL1 are highly expressed during synaptogenesis and are involved in synapse specificity. Moreover, BAI2 acts as a transcription repressor to regulate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression through interaction with GA-binding protein gamma (GABP). The N-terminal extracellular domains of all three BAIs also contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain, which undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), a putative hormone-binding domain (HBD), and multiple N-glycosylation sites. The C-terminus of each BAI subtype ends with a conserved Gln-Thr-Glu-Val (QTEV) motif known to interact with PDZ domain-containing proteins, but only BAI1 possesses a proline-rich region, which may be involved in protein-protein interactions.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865  941 MEKATLPSVTLIVGCGVSSLTLLMLVIIYVSVWRYIRSERSVILINFCLSIISSNALILIGQTQTRNKVVCTLVAAFLHF 1020
Cdd:cd15990     1 MEKALLPSVTLIVGCGVSSLTLLLLIIIYVSVWRYIRSERSVILINFCLSIISSNALILIGQTQTRNKVVCTLVAAFLHF 80

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865 1021 FFLSSFCWVLTEAWQSYMAVTGHLRNRLIRKRFLCLGWGLPALVVAISVGFTKAKGYSTMNYCWLSLEGGLLYAFVGPAA 1100
Cdd:cd15990    81 FFLSSFCWVLTEAWQSYMAVTGRLRNRIIRKRFLCLGWGLPALVVAISVGFTKAKGYGTVNYCWLSLEGGLLYAFVGPAA 160

                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865 1101 AVVLVNMVIGILVFNKLVSKDGITDKKLKERAGASLWSSCVVLPLLALTWMSAVLAVTDRRSALFQILFAVFDSLEGFVI 1180
Cdd:cd15990   161 AVVLVNMVIGILVFNKLVSKDGITDKKLKERAGASLWSSCVVLPLLALTWMSAVLAITDRRSALFQILFAVFDSLEGFVI 240

                         250       260
                  ....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 410516865 1181 VMVHCILRREVQDAVKCRVVDRQEEGN 1207
Cdd:cd15990   241 VMVHCILRREVQDAVKCRVVDRQEEGN 267

brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 2, a group VII adhesion GPCR, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitors (BAI1-3) constitute the group VII of cell-adhesion receptors that have been implicated in vascularization of glioblastomas. They belong to the B2 subfamily of class B GPCRs, are predominantly expressed in the brain, and are only present in vertebrates. Three BAIs, like all adhesion receptors, are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. For example, BAI1 N-terminus contain an integrin-binding RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) motif in addition to five thrombospondin type 1 repeats (TSRs), which are known to regulate the anti-angiogenic activity of thrombospondin-1, whereas BAI2 and BAI3 have four TSRs, but do not possess RGD motifs. The TSRs are functionally involved in cell attachment, activation of latent TGF-beta, inhibition of angiogenesis and endothelial cell migration. The TSRs of BAI1 mediates direct binding to phosphatidylserine, which enables both recognition and internalization of apoptotic cells by phagocytes. Thus, BAI1 functions as a phosphatidylserine receptor that forms a trimeric complex with ELMO and Dock180, leading to activation of Rac-GTPase which promotes the binding and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. BAI3 can also interact with the ELMO-Dock180 complex to activate the Rac pathway and can also bind to secreted C1ql proteins of the C1Q complement family via its N-terminal TSRs. BAI3 and its ligands C1QL1 are highly expressed during synaptogenesis and are involved in synapse specificity. Moreover, BAI2 acts as a transcription repressor to regulate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression through interaction with GA-binding protein gamma (GABP). The N-terminal extracellular domains of all three BAIs also contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain, which undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), a putative hormone-binding domain (HBD), and multiple N-glycosylation sites. The C-terminus of each BAI subtype ends with a conserved Gln-Thr-Glu-Val (QTEV) motif known to interact with PDZ domain-containing proteins, but only BAI1 possesses a proline-rich region, which may be involved in protein-protein interactions.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865  944 ATLPSVTLIVGCGVSSLTLLMLVIIYVSVWRYIRSERSVILINFCLSIISSNALILIGQTQTRNKVVCTLVAAFLHFFFL 1023
Cdd:cd15988     1 TGSPSVPLMIGCAVSCMALLILLAIYAAFWRFIRSERSIILLNFCLSILASNILILVGQSQTLSKGVCTMTAAFLHFFFL 80

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865 1024 SSFCWVLTEAWQSYMAVTGHLRNRLIRKRFLCLGWGLPALVVAISVGFTKAKGYSTMNYCWLSLEGGLLYAFVGPAAAVV 1103
Cdd:cd15988    81 SSFCWVLTEAWQSYLAVIGRMRTRLVRKRFLCLGWGLPALVVAVSVGFTRTKGYGTASYCWLSLEGGLLYAFVGPAAVIV 160

                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865 1104 LVNMVIGILVFNKLVSKDGITDKKLKERAG---------------------------------ASLWSSCVVLPLLALTW 1150
Cdd:cd15988   161 LVNMLIGIIVFNKLMSRDGISDKSKKQRAGseaepcsslllkcskcgvvssaamssatassamASLWSSCVVLPLLALTW 240

                         250       260       270       280
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 410516865 1151 MSAVLAVTDRRSALFQILFAVFDSLEGFVIVMVHCILRREVQDAVKCRV 1199
Cdd:cd15988   241 MSAVLAMTDRRSILFQVLFAVFNSVQGFVIITVHCFLRREVQDVVKCQM 289

Adhesion GPCR B N-terminal region; This region is found at the N-terminus of various adhesion G-protein coupled receptor B proteins. This region contains 10 cysteine residues that probably form disulphide bonds.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865    41 EPCATLVQGKFFGYFSAAAVFPANASRCSWTLRNPDPRRYTLYMKVAKAPVPCSgPGRVRTYQFDSFLES-TRTYLGVES 119
Cdd:pfam19188    1 DPCSTLVQGVLYGSFSLRDLFPTNASGCSWTLENPDPTKYTLYLKFTKPTQSCL-PFSPRLLQFDHYLENtTRTYLGRES 79

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865   120 FDEVLRLCDPSAPLAFLQASKQFLQMRRQQPPQHDglrPRAGPPGPTDDFSVEYLVVGNRNPSRAACQMLCRWLDACLAG 199
Cdd:pfam19188   80 FDEVVELCDASSPFSFLEFDKNFVQLCLLAEPRGD---PESVVPGPSGDFKVEVLVINNENPSQFTCGVLCRWLEECLSA 156

                          170
                   ....*....|....*..
gi 410516865   200 SRSSHPCGIMQTPCACL 216
Cdd:pfam19188  157 STSSRPCGIMQTPCICP 173

adhesion receptors, subfamily B2 of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The B2 subfamily of class B GPCRs consists of cell-adhesion receptors with 33 members in humans and vertebrates. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing a variety of structural motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, linked to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. These include, for example, EGF (epidermal growth factor)-like domains in CD97, Celsr1 (cadherin family member), Celsr2, Celsr3, EMR1 (EGF-module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 1), EMR2, EMR3, and Flamingo; two laminin A G-type repeats and nine cadherin domains in Flamingo and its human orthologs Celsr1, Celsr2 and Celsr3; olfactomedin-like domains in the latrotoxin receptors; and five or four thrombospondin type 1 repeats in BAI1 (brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1), BAI2 and BAI3. Furthermore, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865  948 SVTLIVGCGVSSLTLLMLVIIYVSVWRYIRSERSVILINFCLSIISSNALILIGQTQTRNKVVCTLVAAFLHFFFLSSFC 1027
Cdd:cd15040     5 SIITYIGCGLSLLGLLLTIITYILFRKLRKRKPTKILLNLCLALLLANLLFLFGINSTDNPVLCTAVAALLHYFLLASFM 84

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865 1028 WVLTEAWQSYMAVTG--HLRNRLIRKRFLCLGWGLPALVVAISVGFTKAKGYSTMNYCWLSLEGGLLYAFVGPAAAVVLV 1105
Cdd:cd15040    85 WMLVEALLLYLRLVKvfGTYPRHFILKYALIGWGLPLIIVIITLAVDPDSYGNSSGYCWLSNGNGLYYAFLGPVLLIILV 164

                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865 1106 NMVIGILVFNKLVSKDGITDKKLKERAGASLWSSCVVLPLLALTWMSAVLAVTDRRSAlFQILFAVFDSLEGFVIVMVHC 1185
Cdd:cd15040   165 NLVIFVLVLRKLLRLSAKRNKKKRKKTKAQLRAAVSLFFLLGLTWIFGILAIFGARVV-FQYLFAIFNSLQGFFIFIFHC 243

                         250
                  ....*....|
gi 410516865 1186 ILRREVQDAV 1195
Cdd:cd15040   244 LRNKEVRKAW 253

GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain; The GAIN a domain of alpha-helices and beta-strands that is found in cell-adhesion GPCRs and precedes the GPS motif where the autoproteolysis occurs, family, pfam01825. The full GAIN domain, comprises the GPS and the GAIN, in cell-adhesion GPCRs, and is the functional unit for autoproteolysis. The GPS motif at the end of the GAIN domain is an ancient domain that exists in primitive ancestor organizms, and the full GAIN + GPS is conserved in all cell-adhesion GPCRs and all PKD1-related proteins.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865   661 GVSEVIQTLVEISQDGTSYSGDLLSTIDVLRNMTEIFRRAYYSPTPGDVQNFVQILSNLLAEENRDKWEEAQLAGPNAKE 740
Cdd:pfam16489    1 GAKELARELRNATRHGPLYGGDVLTAVELLSQLFDLLATQDATLSNAFLENFVQTVSNLLDPENRESWEDLQQTERGTAA 80

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865   741 --LFRLVEDFVDVIGFRMKDLRDAYQVTDNLVLSIHKLPAS---GATDISFPMKGWRATGdwakvpEDRVTVSKSVFStg 815
Cdd:pfam16489   81 tkLLRTLEEYALLLAQNMKYLTPFTIVTPNIVLSVDRLDTHnfkGARFPRFPMKGERPKD------EDSVKLPPKAFK-- 152

                          170       180       190       200       210
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 410516865   816 ltEADEASVFVVGTVLYRNLGSFLALQRN-----------TTVLNSKVISVTVKP 859
Cdd:pfam16489  153 --PPDSNGTVVVVFILYRNLGSLLPPSSRydpdrrslrlpRRVVNSPVVSASVHS 205

cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptors, group IV adhesion GPCRs, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The group IV adhesion GPCRs include the cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptors (CELSRs) and their Drosophila homolog Flamingo (also known as Starry night). These receptors are also classified as that belongs to the EGF-TM7 group of subfamily B2 adhesion GPCRs, because they contain EGF-like domains. Functionally, the group IV receptors act as key regulators of many physiological processes such as endocrine cell differentiation, neuronal migration, dendrite growth, axon, guidance, lymphatic vessel and valve formation, and planar cell polarity (PCP) during embryonic development. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. In the case of CELSR/Flamingo/Starry night, their extracellular domains comprise nine cadherin repeats linked to a series of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like and laminin globular (G)-like domains. The cadherin repeats contain sequence motifs that mediate calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion by homophilic interactions. Moreover, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Three mammalian orthologs of Flamingo, Celsr1-3, are widely expressed in the nervous system from embryonic development until the adult stage. Each Celsr exhibits different expression patterns in the developing brain, suggesting that they serve distinct functions. Mutations of CELSR1 cause neural tube defects in the nervous system, while mutations of CELSR2 are associated with coronary heart disease. Moreover, CELSR1 and several other PCP signaling molecules, such as dishevelled, prickle, frizzled, have been shown to be upregulated in B lymphocytes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. Celsr3 is expressed in both the developing and adult mouse brain. It has been functionally implicated in proper neuron migration and axon guidance in the CNS.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865  946 LPSVTLIVGCGVSsLTLLMLVIIYVSVWRYIRSERSVILINFCLSIISSNALILIGQTQTRNKVVCTLVAAFLHFFFLSS 1025
Cdd:cd15441     3 LLKIVTYIGIGIS-LVLLVIAFLVLSCLRGLQSNSNSIHKNLVACLLLAELLFLLGINQTENLFPCKLIAILLHYFYLSA 81

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865 1026 FCWVLTEAWQSYMAVT-------GHLRnrlirkRFLCLGWGLPALVVAISVGFtKAKGYSTMNYCWLSLEGGLLYAFVGP 1098
Cdd:cd15441    82 FSWLLVESLHLYRMLTeprdinhGHMR------FYYLLGYGIPAIIVGLSVGL-RPDGYGNPDFCWLSVNETLIWSFAGP 154

                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865 1099 AAAVVLVNMVIGILVFNKLVSKDGITDKKLKERAGasLWSSCVVLPLLALTWMSAVLAVTDrRSALFQILFAVFDSLEGF 1178
Cdd:cd15441   155 IAFVIVITLIIFILALRASCTLKRHVLEKASVRTD--LRSSFLLLPLLGATWVFGLLAVNE-DSELLHYLFAGLNFLQGL 231

                         250
                  ....*....|...
gi 410516865 1179 VIVMVHCILRREV 1191
Cdd:cd15441   232 FIFLFYCIFNKKV 244

CD97 antigen, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; group II adhesion GPCRs, including the leukocyte cell-surface antigen CD97 and the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-module-containing, mucin-like hormone receptor (EMR1-4), are primarily expressed in cells of the immune system. All EGF-TM7 receptors, which belong to the B2 subfamily B2 of adhesion GPCRs, are members of group II, except for ETL (EGF-TM7-latrophilin related protein), which is classified into group I. Members of the EGF-TM7 receptors are characterized by the presence of varying numbers of N-terminal EGF-like domains, which play critical roles in ligand recognition and cell adhesion, linked by a stalk region to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. In the case of CD97, alternative splicing results in three isoforms possessing either three (EGF1,2,5), four (EGF1,2,3,5) or five (EGF1,2,3,4,5) EGF-like domains. Moreover, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. For example, CD97, which is involved in angiogenesis and the migration and invasion of tumor cells, has been shown to promote cell aggregation in a GPS proteolysis-dependent manner. CD97 is widely expressed on lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, granulocytes and smooth muscle cells as well as in a variety of human tumors including colorectal, gastric, esophageal pancreatic, and thyroid carcinoma. EMR2 shares strong sequence homology with CD97, differing by only six amino acids. However, unlike CD97, EMR2 is not found in those of CD97-positive tumor cells and is not expressed on lymphocytes but instead on monocytes, macrophages and granulocytes. CD97 has three known ligands: CD55, decay-accelerating factor for regulation of complement system; chondroitin sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan found in the extracellular matrix; and the integrin alpha5beta1, which play a role in angiogenesis. Although EMR2 does not effectively interact with CD55, the fourth EGF-like domain of this receptor binds to chondroitin sulfate to mediate cell attachment.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865  949 VTLIVGCGVS-SLTLLMLVIIYVSVWRYIRSERSVILINFCLSIISSNALILIGQTQTRNKVVCTLVAAFLHFFFLSSFC 1027
Cdd:cd15438     4 LTLITKVGLSvSLFCLFLCILTFLFCRSIRGTRNTIHLHLCLSLFLAHLIFLLGINNTNNQVACAVVAGLLHYFFLAAFC 83

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865 1028 WVLTEAWQSYMAVTGHLRNRLIRKRFLCL-GWGLPALVVAISVGfTKAKGYSTMNYCWLSLEGGLLYAFVGPAAAVVLVN 1106
Cdd:cd15438    84 WMSLEGVELYLMVVQVFNTQSLKKRYLLLiGYGVPLVIVAISAA-VNSKGYGTQRHCWLSLERGFLWSFLGPVCLIILVN 162

                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865 1107 MVIGILVFNKLVSKDGITD---KKLKeRAGASLWSSCVVLPLLALTWMSAVLAVTDrRSALFQILFAVFDSLEGFVIVMV 1183
Cdd:cd15438   163 AIIFVITVWKLAEKFSSINpdmEKLR-KIRALTITAIAQLCILGCTWIFGFFQFSD-STLVMSYLFTILNSLQGLFIFLL 240

                         250
                  ....*....|
gi 410516865 1184 HCILRREVQD 1193
Cdd:cd15438   241 HCLLSKQVRE 250

Latrophilins and similar receptors, group I adhesion GPCRs, member of class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Group I adhesion GPCRs consist of latrophilins (also called lectomedins or latrotoxin receptors) and ETL (EGF-TM7-latrophilin-related protein. These receptors are a member of the adhesion family (subclass B2) that belongs to the class B GPCRs. Three subtypes of latrophilins have been identified: LPH1 (latrophilin-1), LPH2, and LPH3. The latrophilin-1 is a brain-specific calcium-independent receptor of alpha-latrotoxin, a potent presynaptic neurotoxin from the venom of the black widow spider that induces massive neurotransmitter release from sensory and motor neurons as well as endocrine cells, leading to nerve-terminal degeneration. Latrophilin-2 and -3, although sharing strong sequence homology to latrophilin-1, do not bind alpha-latrotoxin. While latrophilin-3 is also brain specific, latrophilin-2 is ubiquitously distributed. The endogenous ligands for these two receptors are unknown. ETL, a seven transmembrane receptor containing EGF-like repeats is highly expressed in heart, where developmentally regulated, as well as in normal smooth cells. The function of the ETL is unknown. All adhesion GPCRs possess large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple structural motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, coupled to a seven-transmembrane domain. In addition, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865  953 VGCgVSSLTLLMLVIIYVSVWRYIRSERSVILINFCLSIISSNALILIGQTQTRNKVVCTLVAAFLHFFFLSSFCWVLTE 1032
Cdd:cd15252    10 VGI-IISLVCLAICIFTFWFFRGLQSDRTTIHKNLCISLFLAELVFLIGINTTTNKIFCSVIAGLLHYFFLAAFAWMFIE 88

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865 1033 AWQSYMAVTGHLRNR-LIRKRFLCLGWGLPALVVAISVGFtKAKGYSTMNYCWLSLEGGLLYAFVGPAAAVVLVNMVIGI 1111
Cdd:cd15252    89 GIQLYLMLVEVFENEgSRHKNFYIFGYGSPAVIVGVSAAL-GYRYYGTTKVCWLSTENYFIWSFIGPATLIILLNLIFLG 167

                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865 1112 LVFNKLVSKDGITDKKLKERAGASLW--SSCVVLPLLALTWMSAVLAVtDRRSALFQILFAVFDSLEGFVIVMVHCILRR 1189
Cdd:cd15252   168 VAIYKMFRHTAGLKPEVSCLENIRSWarGAIALLFLLGLTWIFGVLHI-NHASVVMAYLFTVSNSLQGMFIFLFHCVLSR 246

                  ...
gi 410516865 1190 EVQ 1192
Cdd:cd15252   247 KVR 249

Cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 1, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The group IV adhesion GPCRs include the cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptors (CELSRs) and their Drosophila homolog Flamingo (also known as Starry night). These receptors are also classified as that belongs to the EGF-TM7 group of subfamily B2 adhesion GPCRs, because they contain EGF-like domains. Functionally, the group IV receptors act as key regulators of many physiological processes such as endocrine cell differentiation, neuronal migration, dendrite growth, axon, guidance, lymphatic vessel and valve formation, and planar cell polarity (PCP) during embryonic development. Three mammalian orthologs of Flamingo, Celsr1-3, are widely expressed in the nervous system from embryonic development until the adult stage. Each Celsr exhibits different expression patterns in the developing brain, suggesting that they serve distinct functions. Mutations of CELSR1 cause neural tube defects in the nervous system, while mutations of CELSR2 are associated with coronary heart disease. Moreover, CELSR1 and several other PCP signaling molecules, such as dishevelled, prickle, frizzled, have been shown to be upregulated in B lymphocytes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. In the case of CELSR/Flamingo/Starry night, their extracellular domains comprise nine cadherin repeats linked to a series of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like and laminin globular (G)-like domains. The cadherin repeats contain sequence motifs that mediate calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion by homophilic interactions. Moreover, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865  959 SLTLLMLVIIYVSVWRYIRSERSVILINFCLSIISSNALILIGQTQTRNKVVCTLVAAFLHFFFLSSFCWVLTEAWQSYM 1038
Cdd:cd15991    15 SLVALLITFILLVLIRTLRSNLHSIHKNLVAALFFSELIFLIGINQTENPFVCTVVAILLHYFYMSTFAWMFVEGLHIYR 94

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865 1039 AVT-------GHLRnrlirkRFLCLGWGLPALVVAISVGFtKAKGYSTMNYCWLSLEGGLLYAFVGPAAAVVLVNMVIGI 1111
Cdd:cd15991    95 MLTevrnintGHMR------FYYVVGWGIPAIITGLAVGL-DPQGYGNPDFCWLSVQDTLIWSFAGPIGIVVIINTVIFV 167

                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 410516865 1112 LVFNKLVSKdgitDKKLKERAGA--SLWSSCVVLPLLALTWMSAVLAV-TDRRSalFQILFAVFDSLEGFVIVMVHCILR 1188
Cdd:cd15991   168 LAAKASCGR----RQRYFEKSGVisMLRTAFLLLLLISATWLLGLMAVnSDTLS--FHYLFAIFSCLQGIFIFFFHCIFN 241

                  ....*...
gi 410516865 1189 REVQDAVK 1196
Cdd:cd15991   242 KEVRKHLK 249