ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in eukaryotic protein linking integrin-associated protein (IAP, also known as CD47) with cytoskeleton (PLIC) proteins; The PLIC proteins (or ubiquilins) family contains human homologs of the yeast ubiquitin-like (Ubl) Dsk2 protein, PLIC-1 (also termed ubiquilin-1), PLIC-2 (also termed ubiquilin-2, or Chap1), PLIC-3 (also termed ubiquilin-3) and PLIC-4 (also termed ubiquilin-4, ataxin-1 interacting ubiquitin-like protein, A1Up, connexin43-interacting protein of 75 kDa, or CIP75), and mouse PLIC proteins. They are ubiquitin (Ub)-binding adaptor proteins involved in all protein degradation pathways through delivering ubiquitinated substrates to proteasomes. They also promote autophagy-dependent cell survival during nutrient starvation. PLIC-1 regulates the function of the thrombospondin receptor CD47 and G protein signaling. It plays a role in TLR4-mediated signaling through interacting with the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain of TLR4. It also inhibits the TLR3-Trif antiviral pathway by reducing the abundance of Trif. Moreover, PLIC-1 binds to gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAARs) and modulates the Ub-dependent, proteasomal degradation of GABAARs. Furthermore, PLIC-1 acts as a molecular chaperone regulating amyloid precursor protein (APP) biosynthesis, trafficking, and degradation by stimulating K63-linked polyubiquitination of lysine 688 in the APP intracellular domain. In addition, PLIC-1 is involved in the protein aggregation-stress pathway via associating with the Ub-interacting motif (UIM) proteins ataxin 3, HSJ1a, and epidermal growth factor substrate 15 (EPS15). PLIC-2 is a protein that binds the ATPase domain of the HSP70-like Stch protein. It functions as a negative regulator of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) endocytosis. It also involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-related dementia. PLIC-3 is encoded by UbiquilinN3, a testis-specific gene. It shows high sequence similarity with the Xenopus protein XDRP1, a nuclear phosphoprotein that binds to the N-terminus of cyclin A and inhibits Ca2+-induced degradation of cyclin A, but not cyclin B. PLIC-4 is an ubiquitin-like (Ubl) nuclear protein that interacts with ataxin-1 and further links ataxin-1 with the chaperone and Ub-proteasome pathways. It also binds to the non-ubiquitinated gap junction protein connexin43 (Cx43) and regulates the turnover of Cx43 through the proteasomal pathway. PLIC proteins contain an N-terminal Ubl domain that is responsible for the binding of Ub-interacting motifs (UIMs) expressed by proteasomes and endocytic adaptors, and C-terminal Ub-associated (UBA) domain that interacts with Ub chains present on proteins destined for proteasomal degradation. In addition, mammalian PLIC2 proteins have an extra collagen-like motif region, which is absent in other PLIC proteins and the yeast Dsk2 protein.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 2462525696  20 HLIKVTVKTPKDKEDFSVTDTCTIQQLKEEISQRFKAHPDQLVLIFAGKILKDPDSLAQCGVRDGLTVHLVIK 92
Cdd:cd01808     1 SIIKVTVKTPKEKEDFEVPEDSSVKEFKEEISKKFKAPVEQLVLIFAGKILKDQDTLSQHGIKDGLTVHLVIK 73

ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in eukaryotic protein linking integrin-associated protein (IAP, also known as CD47) with cytoskeleton (PLIC) proteins; The PLIC proteins (or ubiquilins) family contains human homologs of the yeast ubiquitin-like (Ubl) Dsk2 protein, PLIC-1 (also termed ubiquilin-1), PLIC-2 (also termed ubiquilin-2, or Chap1), PLIC-3 (also termed ubiquilin-3) and PLIC-4 (also termed ubiquilin-4, ataxin-1 interacting ubiquitin-like protein, A1Up, connexin43-interacting protein of 75 kDa, or CIP75), and mouse PLIC proteins. They are ubiquitin (Ub)-binding adaptor proteins involved in all protein degradation pathways through delivering ubiquitinated substrates to proteasomes. They also promote autophagy-dependent cell survival during nutrient starvation. PLIC-1 regulates the function of the thrombospondin receptor CD47 and G protein signaling. It plays a role in TLR4-mediated signaling through interacting with the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain of TLR4. It also inhibits the TLR3-Trif antiviral pathway by reducing the abundance of Trif. Moreover, PLIC-1 binds to gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAARs) and modulates the Ub-dependent, proteasomal degradation of GABAARs. Furthermore, PLIC-1 acts as a molecular chaperone regulating amyloid precursor protein (APP) biosynthesis, trafficking, and degradation by stimulating K63-linked polyubiquitination of lysine 688 in the APP intracellular domain. In addition, PLIC-1 is involved in the protein aggregation-stress pathway via associating with the Ub-interacting motif (UIM) proteins ataxin 3, HSJ1a, and epidermal growth factor substrate 15 (EPS15). PLIC-2 is a protein that binds the ATPase domain of the HSP70-like Stch protein. It functions as a negative regulator of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) endocytosis. It also involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-related dementia. PLIC-3 is encoded by UbiquilinN3, a testis-specific gene. It shows high sequence similarity with the Xenopus protein XDRP1, a nuclear phosphoprotein that binds to the N-terminus of cyclin A and inhibits Ca2+-induced degradation of cyclin A, but not cyclin B. PLIC-4 is an ubiquitin-like (Ubl) nuclear protein that interacts with ataxin-1 and further links ataxin-1 with the chaperone and Ub-proteasome pathways. It also binds to the non-ubiquitinated gap junction protein connexin43 (Cx43) and regulates the turnover of Cx43 through the proteasomal pathway. PLIC proteins contain an N-terminal Ubl domain that is responsible for the binding of Ub-interacting motifs (UIMs) expressed by proteasomes and endocytic adaptors, and C-terminal Ub-associated (UBA) domain that interacts with Ub chains present on proteins destined for proteasomal degradation. In addition, mammalian PLIC2 proteins have an extra collagen-like motif region, which is absent in other PLIC proteins and the yeast Dsk2 protein.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 2462525696  20 HLIKVTVKTPKDKEDFSVTDTCTIQQLKEEISQRFKAHPDQLVLIFAGKILKDPDSLAQCGVRDGLTVHLVIK 92
Cdd:cd01808     1 SIIKVTVKTPKEKEDFEVPEDSSVKEFKEEISKKFKAPVEQLVLIFAGKILKDQDTLSQHGIKDGLTVHLVIK 73

Ubiquitin family; This family contains a number of ubiquitin-like proteins: SUMO (smt3 homolog), Nedd8, Elongin B, Rub1, and Parkin. A number of them are thought to carry a distinctive five-residue motif termed the proteasome-interacting motif (PIM), which may have a biologically significant role in protein delivery to proteasomes and recruitment of proteasomes to transcription sites.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 2462525696  24 VTVKTPKDKE-DFSVTDTCTIQQLKEEISQRFKAHPDQLVLIFAGKILKDPDSLAQCGVRDGLTVHLVIKRQ 94
Cdd:pfam00240   1 ITVKTLDGKKiTLEVDPTDTVLELKEKIAEKEGVPPEQQRLIYSGKVLEDDQTLGEYGIEDGSTIHLVLRQR 72

Ubiquitin [Posttranslational modification, protein turnover, chaperones];

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 2462525696  22 IKVTVKTPKDKE-DFSVTDTCTIQQLKEEISQRFKAHPDQLVLIFAGKILKDPDSLAQCGVRDGLTVHLVIKR 93
Cdd:COG5272     1 MQIFVKTLTGKTiTLEVEPNDTIEAVKAKIQDKEGIPPDQQRLIFAGKQLEDDRTLADYNIQKESTLHLVTRT 73

UBA/TS-N domain; This small domain is composed of three alpha helices. This family includes the previously defined UBA and TS-N domains. The UBA-domain (ubiquitin associated domain) is a novel sequence motif found in several proteins having connections to ubiquitin and the ubiquitination pathway. The structure of the UBA domain consists of a compact three helix bundle. This domain is found at the N terminus of EF-TS hence the name TS-N. The structure of EF-TS is known and this domain is implicated in its interaction with EF-TU. The domain has been found in non EF-TS proteins such as alpha-NAC and MJ0280.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 2462525696 466 QLEQLQSMGFLnREANLQALIATGGDVDAAVEKL 499
Cdd:pfam00627   5 AIQRLVEMGFD-REQVREALRATGNNVERAAEYL 37

ubiquitin; Provisional

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 2462525696  32 KEDFSVTDTCTIQQLKEEISQRFKAHPDQLVLIFAGKILKDPDSLAQCGVRDGLTVHLVIK 92
Cdd:PTZ00044   12 KQSFNFEPDNTVQQVKMALQEKEGIDVKQIRLIYSGKQMSDDLKLSDYKVVPGSTIHMVLQ 72

ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in eukaryotic protein linking integrin-associated protein (IAP, also known as CD47) with cytoskeleton (PLIC) proteins; The PLIC proteins (or ubiquilins) family contains human homologs of the yeast ubiquitin-like (Ubl) Dsk2 protein, PLIC-1 (also termed ubiquilin-1), PLIC-2 (also termed ubiquilin-2, or Chap1), PLIC-3 (also termed ubiquilin-3) and PLIC-4 (also termed ubiquilin-4, ataxin-1 interacting ubiquitin-like protein, A1Up, connexin43-interacting protein of 75 kDa, or CIP75), and mouse PLIC proteins. They are ubiquitin (Ub)-binding adaptor proteins involved in all protein degradation pathways through delivering ubiquitinated substrates to proteasomes. They also promote autophagy-dependent cell survival during nutrient starvation. PLIC-1 regulates the function of the thrombospondin receptor CD47 and G protein signaling. It plays a role in TLR4-mediated signaling through interacting with the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain of TLR4. It also inhibits the TLR3-Trif antiviral pathway by reducing the abundance of Trif. Moreover, PLIC-1 binds to gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAARs) and modulates the Ub-dependent, proteasomal degradation of GABAARs. Furthermore, PLIC-1 acts as a molecular chaperone regulating amyloid precursor protein (APP) biosynthesis, trafficking, and degradation by stimulating K63-linked polyubiquitination of lysine 688 in the APP intracellular domain. In addition, PLIC-1 is involved in the protein aggregation-stress pathway via associating with the Ub-interacting motif (UIM) proteins ataxin 3, HSJ1a, and epidermal growth factor substrate 15 (EPS15). PLIC-2 is a protein that binds the ATPase domain of the HSP70-like Stch protein. It functions as a negative regulator of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) endocytosis. It also involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-related dementia. PLIC-3 is encoded by UbiquilinN3, a testis-specific gene. It shows high sequence similarity with the Xenopus protein XDRP1, a nuclear phosphoprotein that binds to the N-terminus of cyclin A and inhibits Ca2+-induced degradation of cyclin A, but not cyclin B. PLIC-4 is an ubiquitin-like (Ubl) nuclear protein that interacts with ataxin-1 and further links ataxin-1 with the chaperone and Ub-proteasome pathways. It also binds to the non-ubiquitinated gap junction protein connexin43 (Cx43) and regulates the turnover of Cx43 through the proteasomal pathway. PLIC proteins contain an N-terminal Ubl domain that is responsible for the binding of Ub-interacting motifs (UIMs) expressed by proteasomes and endocytic adaptors, and C-terminal Ub-associated (UBA) domain that interacts with Ub chains present on proteins destined for proteasomal degradation. In addition, mammalian PLIC2 proteins have an extra collagen-like motif region, which is absent in other PLIC proteins and the yeast Dsk2 protein.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 2462525696  20 HLIKVTVKTPKDKEDFSVTDTCTIQQLKEEISQRFKAHPDQLVLIFAGKILKDPDSLAQCGVRDGLTVHLVIK 92
Cdd:cd01808     1 SIIKVTVKTPKEKEDFEVPEDSSVKEFKEEISKKFKAPVEQLVLIFAGKILKDQDTLSQHGIKDGLTVHLVIK 73

Ubiquitin family; This family contains a number of ubiquitin-like proteins: SUMO (smt3 homolog), Nedd8, Elongin B, Rub1, and Parkin. A number of them are thought to carry a distinctive five-residue motif termed the proteasome-interacting motif (PIM), which may have a biologically significant role in protein delivery to proteasomes and recruitment of proteasomes to transcription sites.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 2462525696  24 VTVKTPKDKE-DFSVTDTCTIQQLKEEISQRFKAHPDQLVLIFAGKILKDPDSLAQCGVRDGLTVHLVIKRQ 94
Cdd:pfam00240   1 ITVKTLDGKKiTLEVDPTDTVLELKEKIAEKEGVPPEQQRLIYSGKVLEDDQTLGEYGIEDGSTIHLVLRQR 72

Ubiquitin homologues; Ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis is involved in the regulated turnover of proteins required for controlling cell cycle progression

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 2462525696   22 IKVTVKTPKDKE-DFSVTDTCTIQQLKEEISQRFKAHPDQLVLIFAGKILKDPDSLAQCGVRDGLTVHLVIK 92
Cdd:smart00213   1 IELTVKTLDGKTiTLEVKPSDTVSELKEKIAELTGIPPEQQRLIYKGKVLEDDRTLADYGIQDGSTIHLVLR 72

UBA domain of eukaryotic protein linking integrin-associated protein with cytoskeleton (PLIC) proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteins Dsk2p and Gts1p, and similar proteins; The PLIC proteins (or ubiquilins) family contains human homologs of the yeast ubiquitin-like Dsk2 protein, PLIC-1 (also called ubiquilin-1), PLIC-2 (also called ubiquilin-2 or Chap1), PLIC-3 (also called ubiquilin-3) and PLIC-4 (also called ubiquilin-4, Ataxin-1 interacting ubiquitin-like protein, A1Up, Connexin43-interacting protein of 75 kDa, or CIP75), and mouse PLIC proteins. They are ubiquitin-binding adaptor proteins involved in all protein degradation pathways through delivering ubiquitinated substrates to proteasomes. They also promote autophagy-dependent cell survival during nutrient starvation. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dsk2p is a nuclear-enriched protein that may involve in the ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic pathway through interacting with K48-linked polyubiquitin and the proteasome. Gts1p, also called protein LSR1, is encoded by a pleiotropic gene GTS1 in budding yeast. The formation of Gts1p-mediated protein aggregates may induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis. Gts1p also plays an important role in the regulation of heat and other stress responses under glucose-limited or -depleted conditions in either batch or continuous culture.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 2462525696 463 FQVQLEQLQSMGFLNREANLQALIATGGDVDAAVEKL 499
Cdd:cd14323     2 YQQQLATLKEMGFNDTEKNLQALSATGGNINLAIERL 38

ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in the Rad23 protein family; The Rad23 family includes the yeast nucleotide excision repair (NER) proteins, Rad23p (in Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and Rhp23p (in Schizosaccharomyces pombe), their mammalian orthologs HR23A and HR23B, and putative DNA repair proteins from plants. Rad23 proteins play dual roles in DNA repair as well as in proteosomal degradation. They have affinity for both the proteasome and ubiquitinylated proteins and participate in translocating polyubiquitinated proteins to the proteasome. Rad23 proteins carry an ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain with a beta-grasp Ubl fold, and two ubiquitin-associated (UBA) domains, as well as a xeroderma pigmentosum group C (XPC) protein-binding domain. The Ubl domain is responsible for the binding to proteasome. The UBA domains are important for binding of ubiquitin (Ub) or multi-ubiquitinated substrates, which suggests Rad23 proteins might be involved in certain pathways of Ub metabolism. Both the Ubl domain and the XPC-binding domain are necessary for efficient NER function of Rad23 proteins.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 2462525696  23 KVTVKTPKDKE-DFSVTDTCTIQQLKEEISQRFKAHP-DQLVLIFAGKILKDPDSLAQCGVRDGLTV 87
Cdd:cd01805     2 KITFKTLQQQTfEIEVEPSDTVLELKEKIEQEQGDFPaSGQKLIYSGKVLKDDKTLSEYNIKEKDFV 68

ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in homocysteine-inducible endoplasmic reticulum stress protein HERP; HERP is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) integral membrane protein containing an N-terminal ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain with a beta-grasp Ubl fold. The Ubl domain is required for the degradation of HERP itself as well as for HERP-mediated anti-apoptotic effects. HERP is induced by the ER stress response pathway and is involved in improving the balance of folding capacity and protein loads in the ER. There are two types of HERP, HERP1 and HERP2, which are encoded by the HERPUD1 and HERPUD2 genes, respectively.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 2462525696  22 IKVTVKTPKDK-EDFSV--TDTCTIQQLKEEISQRF--KAHPDQLVLIFAGKILKDPDSLAQCGVRDG----LTVHLV 90
Cdd:cd01790     1 VTLVVKSPNQRiQDLTVncTLGWTVLKLKEHLSEVYpsKPLPEDQKLIYSGKLLEDHQTLKDVLREDDpeqvHTVHLV 78

UBA domain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteasome interacting protein Dsk2p and its homologs found in fungi; The family contains several fungal multi-ubiquitin receptors, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dsk2p and Schizosaccharomyces pombe Dph1p, both of which have been characterized as shuttle proteins transporting ubiquitinated substrates destined for degradation from the E3 ligase to the 26S proteasome. They interact with the proteasome through their N-terminal ubiquitin-like domain (UBL) and with ubiquitin (Ub) through their C-terminal ubiquitin-associated domain (UBA). S. cerevisiae Dsk2p is a nuclear-enriched protein that may involve in the ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic pathway through interacting with K48-linked polyubiquitin and the proteasome. Moreover, it has been implicated in spindle pole duplication through assisting in Cdc31 assembly into the new spindle pole body (SPB). S. pombe Dph1p is a ubiquitin receptor working in concert with the class V myosin, Myo52, to target the degradation of the S. pombe CLIP-170 homolog, Tip1. It also can protect ubiquitin chains against disassembly by deubiquitinating enzymes.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 2462525696 459 PEAHFQVQLEQLQSMGFLNREANLQALIATGGDVDAAVEKL 499
Cdd:cd14324     1 PEERYEEQLRQLNEMGFFDFDRNVRALRRSGGSVQGAVESL 41

UBA domain found in ubiquitin-like protein 7 (UBL7) and similar proteins; UBL7, also called bone marrow stromal cell ubiquitin-like protein (BMSC-UbP), or ubiquitin-like protein SB132, is a novel ubiquitin-like protein that may play roles in regulation of bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) function or cell differentiation via an evocator-associated and cell-specific pattern. UBL7 contains an N-terminal ubiquitin domain (UBQ) and a C-terminal ubiquitin-associated (UBA) domain. UBQ domain interacts with 26S proteasome-dependent degradation, and UBA domain links cellular processes and the ubiquitin system.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 2462525696 463 FQVQLEQLQSMGFLNREANLQALIATGGDVDAAVEKL 499
Cdd:cd14326     1 LQSQLQQLREMGITDDSLSLRALQATGGDVQAALNLL 37

ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in parkin and similar proteins; Parkin, also termed Parkinson juvenile disease protein 2, is a RBR-type E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that is associated with recessive early onset Parkinson's disease (PD), and exerts a protective effect against dopamine-induced alpha-synuclein-dependent cell toxicity. Mutations in the parkin gene cause autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism. Parkin functions within a multiprotein E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, catalyzing the covalent attachment of ubiquitin moieties onto substrate proteins, such as BCL2, SYT11, CCNE1, GPR37, RHOT1/MIRO1, MFN1, MFN2, STUB1, SNCAIP, SEPT5, TOMM20, USP30, ZNF746 and AIMP2. It mediates monoubiquitination as well as Lys-6-, Lys-11-, Lys-48- and Lys-63-linked polyubiquitination of substrates depending on the context. Parkin may enhance cell viability and protects dopaminergic neurons from oxidative stress-mediated death by regulating mitochondrial function. It also limits the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and regulates cyclin-E during neuronal apoptosis. Moreover, parkin displays a ubiquitin ligase-independent function in transcriptional repression of p53. Parkin contains an N-terminal ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain and a C-terminal RBR domain that was previously known as RING-BetweenRING-RING domain or TRIAD [two RING fingers and a DRIL (double RING finger linked)] domain. Based on current understanding of the structural biology of RBR ligases, the nomenclature of RBR has been corrected as RING-BRcat (benign-catalytic)-Rcat (required-for-catalysis) recently. The RBR (RING1-BRcat-Rcat) domain use an auto-inhibitory mechanism to modulate ubiquitination activity, as well as a hybrid mechanism that combines aspects from both RING and HECT E3 ligase function to facilitate the ubiquitination reaction.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 2462525696  42 TIQQLKEEISQRFKAHPDQLVLIFAGKILKDPDSLAQCGVRDGLTVHLVIKRQ 94
Cdd:cd01798    20 SILQLKEVVAKRQGVPPDQLRIIFAGKELSDDLTLQNCDLGQQSIVHAVQGPK 72

UBA/TS-N domain; This small domain is composed of three alpha helices. This family includes the previously defined UBA and TS-N domains. The UBA-domain (ubiquitin associated domain) is a novel sequence motif found in several proteins having connections to ubiquitin and the ubiquitination pathway. The structure of the UBA domain consists of a compact three helix bundle. This domain is found at the N terminus of EF-TS hence the name TS-N. The structure of EF-TS is known and this domain is implicated in its interaction with EF-TU. The domain has been found in non EF-TS proteins such as alpha-NAC and MJ0280.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 2462525696 466 QLEQLQSMGFLnREANLQALIATGGDVDAAVEKL 499
Cdd:pfam00627   5 AIQRLVEMGFD-REQVREALRATGNNVERAAEYL 37

UBA domain of next to BRCA1 gene 1 protein (NBR1) and similar proteins; NBR1, also called cell migration-inducing gene 19 protein, membrane component chromosome 17 surface marker 2, neighbor of BRCA1 gene 1 protein, or protein 1A1-3B, is a scaffold protein that may be involved in signal transmission downstream of the serine/protein kinase from the giant muscle protein titin. Moreover, NBR1 functions as an autophagic receptor for ubiquitinated cargo. It interacts with ATG8-family proteins for its degradation by autophagy. NBR1 contains an N-terminal Phox and Bem1p (PB1) domain that plays a critical role in mediating protein-protein interactions with both titin kinase and with another scaffold protein, p62. NBR1 also has a LC3-interaction region (LIR) and a ubiquitin-associated (UBA) domain. The LIR is required for the autophagic clearance of NBR1. UBA domain is responsible for the ubiquitin binding which is necessary for the puromycin-induced formation of ubiquitinated protein aggregates.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 2462525696 462 HFQVQLEQLQSMGFLNREANLQALIATGGDVDAAVEKL 499
Cdd:cd14319     1 EWDSELEQLFEMGFTDRDLNQELLKKHNGDLDRVVDEL 38

ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain 2 found in interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) and similar proteins; ISG15, also termed interferon-induced 15 kDa protein, or interferon-induced 17 kDa protein (IP17), or ubiquitin cross-reactive protein (UCRP), is an antiviral interferon-induced ubiquitin-like protein that upon viral infection it modifies cellular and viral proteins by mechanisms similar to ubiquitination. Although ISG15 has properties similar to those of other ubiquitin-like (Ubl) molecules, it is a unique member of the Ubl superfamily, whose expression and conjugation to target proteins are tightly regulated by specific signaling pathways, indicating it may have specialized functions in the immune system. ISG15 contains two tandem Ubl domains with a beta-grasp Ubl fold. This family corresponds to the second Ubl domain.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 2462525696  35 FSVTDTCTIQQLKEEISQRFKAHPDQLVLIFAGKILKDPDSLAQCGVRDGLTVHL 89
Cdd:cd01810    15 YEVRLTQTVDQLKQKVSGREGVHDDQFWLTFEGRPLEDQLPLGEYGLKPQSTIHM 69

ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated protein 8 (NEDD8) and similar proteins; NEDD8, also termed Neddylin, or RELATED TO UBIQUITIN (RUB/Rub1p) in plant and yeast, is a ubiquitin-like protein that conjugates to nuclear proteins in a manner analogous to ubiquitination and sentrinization. It modifies a family of molecular scaffold proteins called cullins that are responsible for assembling the ROC1/Rbx1 RING-based E3 ubiquitin ligases, of which several play a direct role in tumorigenesis. NEDD8 deamidation and its inhibition of Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) activity are responsible for Cycle-inhibiting factor (Cif)/Cif homolog in Burkholderia pseudomallei (CHBP)-induced cytopathic effect. NEDD8 contains a single conserved ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain with a beta-grasp Ubl fold, a common structure involved in protein-protein interactions. Polyubiquitination, signals for a diverse set of cellular events via different isopeptide linkages formed between the C terminus of one ubiquitin (Ub) and the epsilon-amine of K6, K11, K27, K29, K33, K48, or K63 of a second Ub. Ubl NEDD8, contains many of the same lysines (K6, K11, K27, K33, K48) as Ub, where K27 has an role (other than conjugation) in the mechanism of protein neddylation.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 2462525696  22 IKVTVKTPKDKE-DFSVTDTctIQQLKEEISQRFKAHPDQLVLIFAGKILKDPDSLAQCGVRDGLTVHLVI 91
Cdd:cd01806     1 IKVKTLTGKEIEiDIEPTDK--VERIKERVEEKEGIPPQQQRLIFSGKQMNDEKTAADYKIEGGSVLHLVL 69

ubiquitin; Provisional

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 2462525696  32 KEDFSVTDTCTIQQLKEEISQRFKAHPDQLVLIFAGKILKDPDSLAQCGVRDGLTVHLVIK 92
Cdd:PTZ00044   12 KQSFNFEPDNTVQQVKMALQEKEGIDVKQIRLIYSGKQMSDDLKLSDYKVVPGSTIHMVLQ 72

ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) and similar proteins; SUMO (also known as "Smt3" and "sentrin" in other organisms) resembles ubiquitin (Ub) in structure, ligation to other proteins, and the mechanism of ligation. Ubiquitin is a protein modifier in eukaryotes that is involved in various cellular processes, including transcriptional regulation, cell cycle control, and DNA repair. Ubiquitination is comprised of a cascade of E1, E2 and E3 enzymes that results in a covalent bond between the C-terminus of Ub and the epsilon-amino group of a substrate lysine. SUMOs, like Ub, are covalently conjugated to lysine residues in a wide variety of target proteins in eukaryotic cells and regulate numerous cellular processes, such as transcription, epigenetic gene control, genomic instability, and protein degradation. The mammalian SUMOs have four paralogs, SUMO1 through SUMO4, which all regulate different cellular functions by conjugating to different proteins. SUMO2-4 are more closely related to each other than to SUMO1.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 2462525696  22 IKVTVKTPKDKEDFSVTDTCTIQQLKEEISQRFKAHPDQLVLIFAGKILKDPDSLAQCGVRDG 84
Cdd:cd01763     4 IKVRGQDGGKKVRFKVKKTTKLKKLFDAYAEKKGLDPDSLRFTFDGERISPNDTPESLGLEDG 66

ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in ubiquitin; Ubiquitin is a protein modifier in eukaryotes that is involved in various cellular processes, including transcriptional regulation, cell cycle control, and DNA repair. Ubiquitination is comprised of a cascade of E1, E2 and E3 enzymes that results in a covalent bond between the C-terminus of ubiquitin and the epsilon-amino group of a substrate lysine. Ubiquitin-like (Ubl) proteins have similar ubiquitin beta-grasp fold and attach to other proteins in a Ubl manner but with biochemically distinct roles. Ubiquitin (Ub)and Ubl proteins conjugate and deconjugate via ligases and peptidases to covalently modify target polypeptides. Ub includes Ubq/RPL40e and Ubq/RPS27a fusions as well as homopolymeric multiubiquitin protein chains.

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gi 2462525696  42 TIQQLKEEISQRFKAHPDQLVLIFAGKILKDPDSLAQCGVRDGLTVHLVIK 92
Cdd:cd01803    22 TIENVKAKIQDKEGIPPDQQRLIFAGKQLEDGRTLSDYNIQKESTLHLVLR 72

ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in Arabidopsis thaliana Bcl-2-associated athanogenes AtBAG1, AtBAG2, AtBAG3, AtBAG4, and similar proteins; The family includes four Arabidopsis BAG family proteins (AtBAG1, AtBAG2, AtBAG3, AtBAG4) that have very similar domain organizations with a ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain in the N-terminus and a BAG domain in the C-terminus. They may function as co-chaperones that regulate diverse cellular pathways, such as programmed cell death and stress responses. AtBAG1, AtBAG3, and AtBAG4 are predicted to localize in the cytoplasm, but the localization of AtBAG2 is the microbody. AtBAG4 can interact with Hsc70. The overexpression of AtBAG4 in tobacco plants confers tolerance to a wide range of abiotic stresses such as UV light, cold, oxidants, and salt treatments.

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gi 2462525696  21 LIKVTVKTPKDKEDFSVTDTCTIQQLKEEISQRFKAHPDQLVLIFAGKILKDPDSLAQCGVRDGLTVHLV 90
Cdd:cd17054     1 TIKIKVSHGAVYHEVTVSAQATFGDLKKLLVQDTGLQPQEQKLLFRGKEKDDKDFLDLAGVKDKAKVVLV 70

ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in transmembrane and ubiquitin-like domain-containing proteins TMUB1, TMUB2, and similar proteins; TMUB1, also termed dendritic cell-derived ubiquitin-like protein (DULP), or hepatocyte odd protein shuttling protein, or ubiquitin-like protein SB144, or HOPS, is highly expressed in the nervous system. It is involved in the termination of liver regeneration and plays a negative role in interleukin-6-induced hepatocyte proliferation. The overexpression of Tmub1 has been shown to play a role in the inhibition of cell proliferation. TMUB1 has been implicated in the regulation of locomotor activity and wakefulness in mice, perhaps acting through its interaction with CAMLG. It also facilitates the recycling of AMPA receptors into synaptic membrane in cultured primary neurons. TMUB1 contains transmembrane domains and a ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain with a beta-grasp Ubl fold. TMUB2 is an uncharacterized transmembrane domain and Ubl domain-containing protein that shows high sequence similarity to TMUB1.

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gi 2462525696  21 LIKVTVKTPKDKED-FSVTDTCTIQQLK-----EEISQrfkahpDQLV-LIFAGKILKDP-DSLAQCGVRDGLTVHLVI 91
Cdd:cd17057     1 TITIRLKFLNETERvVYARPEDTVGDFKrrhfpDELAQ------GKRVrLIYQGQLLRDDsRTLSSYGIQDGSVIHCHI 73

UBA2 domain found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 14 (scUBP14) and similar proteins; scUBP14, also called deubiquitinating enzyme 14, glucose-induced degradation protein 6, ubiquitin thioesterase 14, or ubiquitin-specific-processing protease 14, is the yeast ortholog of human Isopeptidase T (USP5), a deubiquitinating enzyme known to bind the 29-linked polyubiquitin chains. scUBP14 has been identified as a K29-linked polyubiquitin binding protein as well. It is involved in K29-linked polyubiquitin metabolism by binding to the 29-linked Ub4 resin and serving as an internal positive control in budding yeast. Members in this family contain two tandem ubiquitin-association (UBA) domains. This model corresponds to the UBA2 domain.

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gi 2462525696 464 QVQLEQLQSMGFlnrEANL--QALIATGGDVDAAVEKL 499
Cdd:cd14298     1 DEALAQLVSMGF---DPEVarKALILTNGNVERAIEWL 35

ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in BAG family molecular chaperone regulator 1 (BAG1) and similar proteins; BAG1, also termed Bcl-2-associated athanogene 1, or HAP, is a multifunctional protein involved in a variety of cellular functions such as apoptosis, transcription, and proliferative pathways, as well as in cell signaling and differentiation. It delivers chaperone-recognized unfolded substrates to the proteasome for degradation. BAG1 functions as a co-chaperone for Hsp70/Hsc70 to increase Hsp70 foldase activity. It also suppresses apoptosis and enhances neuronal differentiation. As an anti-apoptotic factor, BAG1 interacts with tau and regulates its proteasomal degradation. It also binds to BCR-ABL with a high affinity, and directly routes immature BCR-ABL for proteasomal degradation. It acts as a potential therapeutic target in Parkinson's disease. It also modulates huntingtin toxicity, aggregation, degradation, and subcellular distribution, suggesting a role in Huntington's disease. There are at least four isoforms of Bag1 protein that are formed by alternative initiation of translation within a common mRNA. BAG1 contains an N-terminal ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain with a beta-grasp Ubl fold, and a C-terminal BAG domain.

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gi 2462525696  23 KVTVKTPKDKEDFSVT----DTCTIQQLKEEISQRFKAHPDQLVLIFAGKILKDPDS-LAQCGVRDGLTVHLVIKR 93
Cdd:cd01812     2 TVTVIHGSNKHTIELPsqdeDEPTLQDLAEAIEEVTGVPVENQKLIFKGKSLKDPEQpLSALGVKNGSKIMLIGKK 77

ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 14 (USP14) and similar proteins; USP14 (EC 3.4.19.12), also termed deubiquitinating enzyme 14, or ubiquitin thioesterase 14, or ubiquitin-specific-processing protease 14, or ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 14, is a component of proteasome regulatory subunit 19S that regulates deubiquitinated proteins entering inside the proteasome core 20S, which plays an inhibitory role in protein degradation. USP14 is also associated with various signal transduction pathways and tumorigenesis, and thus plays an essential role in the development of various types of cancer. Moreover, USP14 mediates the development of cardiac hypertrophy by promoting GSK-3beta phosphorylation, suggesting a role in cardiac hypertrophy treatment. USP14 contains an N-terminal ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain with a beta-grasp Ubl fold, and a C-terminal ubiquitin-specific protease (USP) domain.

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gi 2462525696  22 IKVTVKTPKDK-EDFSVTDTCTIQQLKEEISQRFKAHPDQLVLIFAGKILKDPDSLAQCGVRDGLTVHLV 90
Cdd:cd16104     2 YKVNVKWGKEKfDDVELDTDEPPLVFKAQLFALTGVPPERQKIMVKGGVLKDDDDLSKLKLKDGQTLMLM 71

UBA domain found in vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 13D (VP13D) and similar proteins; VP13D is a chorea-acanthocytosis (CHAC)-similar protein encoded by gene VPS13D. it contains two putative domains, ubiquitin-associated (UBA) domain and lectin domain of ricin B chain profile (ricin-B-lectin), suggesting it may interact with, and be involved in the trafficking of, proteins modified with ubiquitin and/or carbohydrate molecules. Further investigation is required.

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gi 2462525696 467 LEQLQSMGFLnREANLQALIATGGDVDAAVE 497
Cdd:cd14306     1 VAKLMELGFP-EEDCIRALRACGGNVEEAAN 30