17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17beta-HSDs) types -1, -3, and -12, -like, classical (c) SDRs; This subgroup includes various 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase, these are members of the SDR family, and contain the canonical active site tetrad and glycine-rich NAD-binding motif of the classical SDRs. 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase (KAR, aka 17beta-HSD type 12, encoded by HSD17B12) acts in fatty acid elongation; 17beta- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases are isozymes that catalyze activation and inactivation of estrogen and androgens, and include members of the SDR family. 17beta-estradiol dehydrogenase (aka 17beta-HSD type 1, encoded by HSD17B1) converts estrone to estradiol. Estradiol is the predominant female sex hormone. 17beta-HSD type 3 (aka testosterone 17-beta-dehydrogenase 3, encoded by HSD17B3) catalyses the reduction of androstenedione to testosterone, it also accepts estrogens as substrates. This subgroup also contains a putative steroid dehydrogenase let-767 from Caenorhabditis elegans, mutation in which results in hypersensitivity to cholesterol limitation. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about 250 residues long, while extended SDRS are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a 3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern (typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering) and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or additional Ser, contributing to the active site. Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids, alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is not generally found among SDRs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764   1 MKVVLISRSKDKLDQVSSEIKEKFKVETRTIAVDF-ASEDIYDKIKTGLAGLEIGILVNNVGMSYEYPEYFLDVPDldNV 79
Cdd:cd05356    26 FNVILISRTQEKLDAVAKEIEEKYGVETKTIAADFsAGDDIYERIEKELEGLDIGILVNNVGISHSIPEYFLETPE--DE 103

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  80 IKKMININILSVCKMTQLVLPGMVERSKGAILNISSGSGMLPVPLLTIYSATKTFVDFFSQCLHEEYRSKGVFVQSVLPY 159
Cdd:cd05356   104 LQDIINVNVMATLKMTRLILPGMVKRKKGAIVNISSFAGLIPTPLLATYSASKAFLDFFSRALYEEYKSQGIDVQSLLPY 183

                         170       180       190       200       210
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 2462525764 160 FVATKLAKIRKPTLDKPSPETFVKSAIKTVGLQSRTNGYLIHALMGLIISNLPSWI 215
Cdd:cd05356   184 LVATKMSKIRKSSLFVPSPEQFVRSALNTLGLSKRTTGYWSHALQGWVARLVPEWI 239

17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17beta-HSDs) types -1, -3, and -12, -like, classical (c) SDRs; This subgroup includes various 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase, these are members of the SDR family, and contain the canonical active site tetrad and glycine-rich NAD-binding motif of the classical SDRs. 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase (KAR, aka 17beta-HSD type 12, encoded by HSD17B12) acts in fatty acid elongation; 17beta- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases are isozymes that catalyze activation and inactivation of estrogen and androgens, and include members of the SDR family. 17beta-estradiol dehydrogenase (aka 17beta-HSD type 1, encoded by HSD17B1) converts estrone to estradiol. Estradiol is the predominant female sex hormone. 17beta-HSD type 3 (aka testosterone 17-beta-dehydrogenase 3, encoded by HSD17B3) catalyses the reduction of androstenedione to testosterone, it also accepts estrogens as substrates. This subgroup also contains a putative steroid dehydrogenase let-767 from Caenorhabditis elegans, mutation in which results in hypersensitivity to cholesterol limitation. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about 250 residues long, while extended SDRS are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a 3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern (typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering) and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or additional Ser, contributing to the active site. Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids, alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is not generally found among SDRs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764   1 MKVVLISRSKDKLDQVSSEIKEKFKVETRTIAVDF-ASEDIYDKIKTGLAGLEIGILVNNVGMSYEYPEYFLDVPDldNV 79
Cdd:cd05356    26 FNVILISRTQEKLDAVAKEIEEKYGVETKTIAADFsAGDDIYERIEKELEGLDIGILVNNVGISHSIPEYFLETPE--DE 103

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  80 IKKMININILSVCKMTQLVLPGMVERSKGAILNISSGSGMLPVPLLTIYSATKTFVDFFSQCLHEEYRSKGVFVQSVLPY 159
Cdd:cd05356   104 LQDIINVNVMATLKMTRLILPGMVKRKKGAIVNISSFAGLIPTPLLATYSASKAFLDFFSRALYEEYKSQGIDVQSLLPY 183

                         170       180       190       200       210
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 2462525764 160 FVATKLAKIRKPTLDKPSPETFVKSAIKTVGLQSRTNGYLIHALMGLIISNLPSWI 215
Cdd:cd05356   184 LVATKMSKIRKSSLFVPSPEQFVRSALNTLGLSKRTTGYWSHALQGWVARLVPEWI 239

Short-chain dehydrogenase [General function prediction only];

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764   1 MKVVLISRSKDKLDQVSSEIKEKfKVETRTIAVDFASED----IYDKIKTglAGLEIGILVNNVGMSYeyPEYFLDVPDL 76
Cdd:COG0300    30 ARVVLVARDAERLEALAAELRAA-GARVEVVALDVTDPDavaaLAEAVLA--RFGPIDVLVNNAGVGG--GGPFEELDLE 104

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  77 DnvIKKMININILSVCKMTQLVLPGMVERSKGAILNISSGSGMLPVPLLTIYSATKTFVDFFSQCLHEEYRSKGVFVQSV 156
Cdd:COG0300   105 D--LRRVFEVNVFGPVRLTRALLPLMRARGRGRIVNVSSVAGLRGLPGMAAYAASKAALEGFSESLRAELAPTGVRVTAV 182

                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 2462525764 157 LPYFVATKLAKIRKPTLDKP--SPETFVKSAIKtvGLQSRTNGYLIHA---LMGLIISNLPSWiYLKIVMNM 223
Cdd:COG0300   183 CPGPVDTPFTARAGAPAGRPllSPEEVARAILR--ALERGRAEVYVGWdarLLARLLRLLPRL-FDRLLRRA 251

sepiapterin reductase; This model describes sepiapterin reductase, a member of the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family. The enzyme catalyzes the last step in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin. A similar enzyme in Bacillus cereus was isolated for its ability to convert benzil to (S)-benzoin, a property sepiapterin reductase also shares. Cutoff scores for this model are set such that benzil reductase scores between trusted and noise cutoffs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764   3 VVLISRSKDKLDQVSSEI-KEKFKVETRTIAVDFASE-DIYDKIKTGLA-----GLEIGILVNNVGMSYEYPEYFLDVPD 75
Cdd:TIGR01500  31 LVLSARNDEALRQLKAEIgAERSGLRVVRVSLDLGAEaGLEQLLKALRElprpkGLQRLLLINNAGTLGDVSKGFVDLSD 110

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  76 LDNvIKKMININILSVCKMTQLVLPGMVER--SKGAILNISSGSGMLPVPLLTIYSATKTFVDFFSQCLHEEYRSKGVFV 153
Cdd:TIGR01500 111 STQ-VQNYWALNLTSMLCLTSSVLKAFKDSpgLNRTVVNISSLCAIQPFKGWALYCAGKAARDMLFQVLALEEKNPNVRV 189

17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17beta-HSDs) types -1, -3, and -12, -like, classical (c) SDRs; This subgroup includes various 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase, these are members of the SDR family, and contain the canonical active site tetrad and glycine-rich NAD-binding motif of the classical SDRs. 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase (KAR, aka 17beta-HSD type 12, encoded by HSD17B12) acts in fatty acid elongation; 17beta- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases are isozymes that catalyze activation and inactivation of estrogen and androgens, and include members of the SDR family. 17beta-estradiol dehydrogenase (aka 17beta-HSD type 1, encoded by HSD17B1) converts estrone to estradiol. Estradiol is the predominant female sex hormone. 17beta-HSD type 3 (aka testosterone 17-beta-dehydrogenase 3, encoded by HSD17B3) catalyses the reduction of androstenedione to testosterone, it also accepts estrogens as substrates. This subgroup also contains a putative steroid dehydrogenase let-767 from Caenorhabditis elegans, mutation in which results in hypersensitivity to cholesterol limitation. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about 250 residues long, while extended SDRS are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a 3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern (typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering) and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or additional Ser, contributing to the active site. Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids, alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is not generally found among SDRs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764   1 MKVVLISRSKDKLDQVSSEIKEKFKVETRTIAVDF-ASEDIYDKIKTGLAGLEIGILVNNVGMSYEYPEYFLDVPDldNV 79
Cdd:cd05356    26 FNVILISRTQEKLDAVAKEIEEKYGVETKTIAADFsAGDDIYERIEKELEGLDIGILVNNVGISHSIPEYFLETPE--DE 103

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  80 IKKMININILSVCKMTQLVLPGMVERSKGAILNISSGSGMLPVPLLTIYSATKTFVDFFSQCLHEEYRSKGVFVQSVLPY 159
Cdd:cd05356   104 LQDIINVNVMATLKMTRLILPGMVKRKKGAIVNISSFAGLIPTPLLATYSASKAFLDFFSRALYEEYKSQGIDVQSLLPY 183

                         170       180       190       200       210
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 2462525764 160 FVATKLAKIRKPTLDKPSPETFVKSAIKTVGLQSRTNGYLIHALMGLIISNLPSWI 215
Cdd:cd05356   184 LVATKMSKIRKSSLFVPSPEQFVRSALNTLGLSKRTTGYWSHALQGWVARLVPEWI 239

Short-chain dehydrogenase [General function prediction only];

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764   1 MKVVLISRSKDKLDQVSSEIKEKfKVETRTIAVDFASED----IYDKIKTglAGLEIGILVNNVGMSYeyPEYFLDVPDL 76
Cdd:COG0300    30 ARVVLVARDAERLEALAAELRAA-GARVEVVALDVTDPDavaaLAEAVLA--RFGPIDVLVNNAGVGG--GGPFEELDLE 104

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  77 DnvIKKMININILSVCKMTQLVLPGMVERSKGAILNISSGSGMLPVPLLTIYSATKTFVDFFSQCLHEEYRSKGVFVQSV 156
Cdd:COG0300   105 D--LRRVFEVNVFGPVRLTRALLPLMRARGRGRIVNVSSVAGLRGLPGMAAYAASKAALEGFSESLRAELAPTGVRVTAV 182

                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 2462525764 157 LPYFVATKLAKIRKPTLDKP--SPETFVKSAIKtvGLQSRTNGYLIHA---LMGLIISNLPSWiYLKIVMNM 223
Cdd:COG0300   183 CPGPVDTPFTARAGAPAGRPllSPEEVARAILR--ALERGRAEVYVGWdarLLARLLRLLPRL-FDRLLRRA 251

classical (c) SDRs; SDRs are a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about 250 residues long, while extended SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a wide range of activities including the metabolism of steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the active site motif serving as a critical catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human prostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH) numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, PGDH numbering) and/or an Asn (Asn-107, PGDH numbering) contributing to the active site; while substrate binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization, C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity, dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764   1 MKVVLISRSKDKLDQVssEIKEKFKVETRTIAVDFASEDIYDKI--KTGLAGLEIGILVNNVGMSYEYPeyFLDVPDldN 78
Cdd:cd05233    23 AKVVLADRNEEALAEL--AAIEALGGNAVAVQADVSDEEDVEALveEALEEFGRLDILVNNAGIARPGP--LEELTD--E 96

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  79 VIKKMININILSVCKMTQLVLPGMVERSKGAILNISSGSGMLPVPLLTIYSATKTFVDFFSQCLHEEYRSKGVFVQSVLP 158
Cdd:cd05233    97 DWDRVLDVNLTGVFLLTRAALPHMKKQGGGRIVNISSVAGLRPLPGQAAYAASKAALEGLTRSLALELAPYGIRVNAVAP 176

                         170
                  ....*....|....*...
gi 2462525764 159 YFVATKLAKIRKPTLDKP 176
Cdd:cd05233   177 GLVDTPMLAKLGPEEAEK 194

11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1)-like, classical (c) SDRs; Human 11beta_HSD1 catalyzes the NADP(H)-dependent interconversion of cortisone and cortisol. This subgroup also includes human dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 7C (DHRS7C) and DHRS7B. These proteins have the GxxxGxG nucleotide binding motif and S-Y-K catalytic triad characteristic of the SDRs, but have an atypical C-terminal domain that contributes to homodimerization contacts. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about 250 residues long, while extended SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a wide range of activities including the metabolism of steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the active site motif serving as a critical catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering) and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing to the active site; while substrate binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization, C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity, dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764   2 KVVLISRSKDKLDQVSSEIKEKFKVETRTIAVDFAS-EDIYDKIKTGLAGL-EIGILVNNVGMSYeyPEYFLDVpDLDNV 79
Cdd:cd05332    29 RLVLSARREERLEEVKSECLELGAPSPHVVPLDMSDlEDAEQVVEEALKLFgGLDILINNAGISM--RSLFHDT-SIDVD 105

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  80 iKKMININILSVCKMTQLVLPGMVERSKGAILNISSGSGMLPVPLLTIYSATKTFVDFFSQCLHEEYRSKGVFVQSVLPY 159
Cdd:cd05332   106 -RKIMEVNYFGPVALTKAALPHLIERSQGSIVVVSSIAGKIGVPFRTAYAASKHALQGFFDSLRAELSEPNISVTVVCPG 184

                         170       180       190       200
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 2462525764 160 FVAT------------KLAKIRKPTLDKPSPETFVKSAIKTVGLQSR 194
Cdd:cd05332   185 LIDTniamnalsgdgsMSAKMDDTTANGMSPEECALEILKAIALRKR 231

NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenase, short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase family [Lipid transport and metabolism]; NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenase, short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase family is part of the Pathway/BioSystem: Fatty acid biosynthesis

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764   2 KVVLISRSKDKLDQVSSEIKEKfKVETRTIAVDFASED----IYDKIKTGLAGLEIgiLVNNVGMSYEYPeyFLDVPDLD 77
Cdd:COG1028    32 RVVITDRDAEALEAAAAELRAA-GGRALAVAADVTDEAaveaLVAAAVAAFGRLDI--LVNNAGITPPGP--LEELTEED 106

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  78 nvIKKMININILSVCKMTQLVLPGMVERSKGAILNISSGSGMLPVPLLTIYSATKTFVDFFSQCLHEEYRSKGVFVQSVL 157
Cdd:COG1028   107 --WDRVLDVNLKGPFLLTRAALPHMRERGGGRIVNISSIAGLRGSPGQAAYAASKAAVVGLTRSLALELAPRGIRVNAVA 184

                         170
                  ....*....|
gi 2462525764 158 PYFVATKLAK 167
Cdd:COG1028   185 PGPIDTPMTR 194

Short-chain dehydrogenase involved in D-alanine esterification of teichoic acids [Cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis, Lipid transport and metabolism];

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764   2 KVVLISRSKDKLDQVSSEIKEkfkveTRTIAVDFASEDI----YDKIKTGLAGLeiGILVNNVGMSYEYPeyFLDVPDLD 77
Cdd:COG3967    31 TVIITGRREEKLEEAAAANPG-----LHTIVLDVADPASiaalAEQVTAEFPDL--NVLINNAGIMRAED--LLDEAEDL 101

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  78 NVIKKMININILSVCKMTQLVLPGMVERSKGAILNISSGSGMLPVPLLTIYSATKTFVDFFSQCLHEEYRSKGVFVQSVL 157
Cdd:COG3967   102 ADAEREITTNLLGPIRLTAAFLPHLKAQPEAAIVNVSSGLAFVPLAVTPTYSATKAALHSYTQSLRHQLKDTSVKVIELA 181

                         170       180       190
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764 158 PYFVATKLAKIRKPTLDKPSPETFVKSAIK 187
Cdd:COG3967   182 PPAVDTDLTGGQGGDPRAMPLDEFADEVMA 211

classical (c) SDR, subgroup 2; Short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs, aka Tyrosine-dependent oxidoreductases) are a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about 250 residues long, while extended SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a wide range of activities including the metabolism of steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the active site motif serving as a critical catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering) and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing to the active site; while substrate binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization, C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity, dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764   2 KVVLISRSKDKLDQVSSEIKEkfkveTRTIAVDFA-SEDI---YDKIKTglAGLEIGILVNNVGMsyEYPEYFLDVPDLD 77
Cdd:cd05370    31 TVIITGRREERLAEAKKELPN-----IHTIVLDVGdAESVealAEALLS--EYPNLDILINNAGI--QRPIDLRDPASDL 101

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  78 NVIKKMININILSVCKMTQLVLPGMVERSKGAILNISSGSGMLPVPLLTIYSATKTFVDFFSQCLHEEYRSKGVFVQSVL 157
Cdd:cd05370   102 DKADTEIDTNLIGPIRLIKAFLPHLKKQPEATIVNVSSGLAFVPMAANPVYCATKAALHSYTLALRHQLKDTGVEVVEIV 181

                         170       180       190
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 2462525764 158 PYFVATKL-AKIRKPTLDKP---SPETFVKSAIK 187
Cdd:cd05370   182 PPAVDTELhEERRNPDGGTPrkmPLDEFVDEVVA 215

putative beta-ketoacyl acyl carrier protein [ACP] reductase (BKR)-like, SDR; This subgroup resembles the SDR family, but does not have a perfect match to the NAD-binding motif or the catalytic tetrad characteristic of the SDRs. It includes the SDRs, Q9HYA2 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and APE0912 from Aeropyrum pernix K1. BKR catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of ACP in the first reductive step of de novo fatty acid synthesis (FAS). FAS consists of four elongation steps, which are repeated to extend the fatty acid chain through the addition of two-carbo units from malonyl acyl-carrier protein (ACP): condensation, reduction, dehydration, and a final reduction. Type II FAS, typical of plants and many bacteria, maintains these activities on discrete polypeptides, while type I FAS utilizes one or two multifunctional polypeptides. BKR resembles enoyl reductase, which catalyzes the second reduction step in FAS. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about 250 residues long, while extended SDRS are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a 3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern (typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering) and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or additional Ser, contributing to the active site. Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids, alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is not generally found among SDRs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764   2 KVVLISRSKDKLDQVSSEIKeKFKVETRTIAVDFASEDIYDKI--KTGLAGLEIGILVNNVGMSYeyPEYFLDVPDLDnv 79
Cdd:cd05344    27 RVAICARNRENLERAASELR-AGGAGVLAVVADLTDPEDIDRLveKAGDAFGRVDILVNNAGGPP--PGPFAELTDED-- 101

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  80 IKKMININILSVCKMTQLVLPGMVERSKGAILNISSGSGMLPVPLLTIYSATKTFVDFFSQCLHEEYRSKGVFVQSVLPY 159
Cdd:cd05344   102 WLEAFDLKLLSVIRIVRAVLPGMKERGWGRIVNISSLTVKEPEPNLVLSNVARAGLIGLVKTLSRELAPDGVTVNSVLPG 181

                         170       180       190
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 2462525764 160 FVAT----KLAKIRKPtLDKPSPETFVKSAIKTVGL 191
Cdd:cd05344   182 YIDTervrRLLEARAE-KEGISVEEAEKEVASQIPL 216

human Mgc4172-like, classical (c) SDRs; Human Mgc4172-like proteins, putative SDRs. These proteins are members of the SDR family, with a canonical active site tetrad and a typical Gly-rich NAD-binding motif. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about 250 residues long, while extended SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a wide range of activities including the metabolism of steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the active site motif serving as a critical catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering) and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing to the active site; while substrate binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization, C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity, dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764   1 MKVVLISRSKDKLDQVSSEIKEKFKVETRTIAVDFASED----IYDKIKTGLAGleIGILVNNVGMSyeYPEYFLDVPDL 76
Cdd:cd05343    31 MKVVGCARRVDKIEALAAECQSAGYPTLFPYQCDLSNEEqilsMFSAIRTQHQG--VDVCINNAGLA--RPEPLLSGKTE 106

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  77 DnvIKKMININILSVCKMTQLVLPGMVER--SKGAILNISSGSG--MLPVPLLTIYSATKTFVDFFSQCLHEEYR--SKG 150
Cdd:cd05343   107 G--WKEMFDVNVLALSICTREAYQSMKERnvDDGHIININSMSGhrVPPVSVFHFYAATKHAVTALTEGLRQELReaKTH 184

                         170
                  ....*....|....*.
gi 2462525764 151 VFVQSVLPYFVATKLA 166
Cdd:cd05343   185 IRATSISPGLVETEFA 200

clavulanic acid dehydrogenase (CAD), classical (c) SDR; CAD catalyzes the NADP-dependent reduction of clavulanate-9-aldehyde to clavulanic acid, a beta-lactamase inhibitor. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about 250 residues long, while extended SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a wide range of activities including the metabolism of steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the active site motif serving as a critical catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering) and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing to the active site; while substrate binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization, C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity, dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764   2 KVVLISRSKDKLDQVSSEIK-EKFKVETrtIAVDFASE----DIYDKIKTGLAGLEIgiLVNNVGMSYEYPEYFLDVPDL 76
Cdd:cd08934    29 AVAIAARRVDRLEALADELEaEGGKALV--LELDVTDEqqvdAAVERTVEALGRLDI--LVNNAGIMLLGPVEDADTTDW 104

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  77 DnvikKMININILSVCKMTQLVLPGMVERSKGAILNISSGSGMLPVPLLTIYSATKTFVDFFSQCLHEEYRSKGVFVQSV 156
Cdd:cd08934   105 T----RMIDTNLLGLMYTTHAALPHHLLRNKGTIVNISSVAGRVAVRNSAVYNATKFGVNAFSEGLRQEVTERGVRVVVI 180

                         170
                  ....*....|
gi 2462525764 157 LPYFVATKLA 166
Cdd:cd08934   181 EPGTVDTELR 190

3-ketodihydrosphingosine reductase (KDSR) and related proteins, classical (c) SDR; These proteins include members identified as KDSR, ribitol type dehydrogenase, and others. The group shows strong conservation of the active site tetrad and glycine rich NAD-binding motif of the classical SDRs. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about 250 residues long, while extended SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a wide range of activities including the metabolism of steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the active site motif serving as a critical catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering) and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) contributing to the active site; while substrate binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization, C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity, dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764   2 KVVLISRSKDKLDQVSSEIKEKFKVET---RTIAVDFASediYDKIKTGLA-----GLEIGILVNNVGMSYeyPEYFLDV 73
Cdd:cd08939    27 NVIIVARSESKLEEAVEEIEAEANASGqkvSYISADLSD---YEEVEQAFAqavekGGPPDLVVNCAGISI--PGLFEDL 101

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  74 PDLDnvIKKMININILSVCKMTQLVLPGMVERSKGAILNISSGSGMLPVPLLTIYSATKTFVDFFSQCLHEEYRSKGVFV 153
Cdd:cd08939   102 TAEE--FERGMDVNYFGSLNVAHAVLPLMKEQRPGHIVFVSSQAALVGIYGYSAYCPSKFALRGLAESLRQELKPYNIRV 179

                  ....*
gi 2462525764 154 QSVLP 158
Cdd:cd08939   180 SVVYP 184

classical (c) SDR, subgroup 7; These proteins are members of the classical SDR family, with a canonical active site triad (and also an active site Asn) and a typical Gly-rich NAD-binding motif. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about 250 residues long, while extended SDRS are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a 3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H)-binding pattern (typically, TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs and TGxxGxxG in extended SDRs), while substrate binding is in the C-terminal region. A critical catalytic Tyr residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering) and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or additional Ser, contributing to the active site. Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids, alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, as well as Asn (or Ser). Some SDR family members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is not generally found among SDRs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  52 EIGILVNNVGMSYeyPEYFLDVPDLDNVIKKMiNINILSVCKMTQLVLPGMVERSKGAILNISSGSGMLPVPLLTIYSAT 131
Cdd:cd05354    74 DVDVVINNAGVLK--PATLLEEGALEALKQEM-DVNVFGLLRLAQAFAPVLKANGGGAIVNLNSVASLKNFPAMGTYSAS 150

                          90       100       110       120       130
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 2462525764 132 KTFVDFFSQCLHEEYRSKGVFVQSVLPYFVATKLAKirKPTLDKPSPETFVKSAIKTVG 190
Cdd:cd05354   151 KSAAYSLTQGLRAELAAQGTLVLSVHPGPIDTRMAA--GAGGPKESPETVAEAVLKALK 207

gluconate 5-dehydrogenase (Ga5DH)-like, classical (c) SDRs; Ga5DH catalyzes the NADP-dependent conversion of carbon source D-gluconate and 5-keto-D-gluconate. This SDR subgroup has a classical Gly-rich NAD(P)-binding motif and a conserved active site tetrad pattern. However, it has been proposed that Arg104 (Streptococcus suis Ga5DH numbering), as well as an active site Ca2+, play a critical role in catalysis. In addition to Ga5DHs this subgroup contains Erwinia chrysanthemi KduD which is involved in pectin degradation, and is a putative 2,5-diketo-3-deoxygluconate dehydrogenase. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain with a structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet), an NAD(P)(H)-binding region, and a structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about 250 residues long, while extended SDRs are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD-binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes catalyze a wide range of activities including the metabolism of steroids, cofactors, carbohydrates, lipids, aromatic compounds, and amino acids, and act in redox sensing. Classical SDRs have an TGXXX[AG]XG cofactor binding motif and a YXXXK active site motif, with the Tyr residue of the active site motif serving as a critical catalytic residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) numbering). In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering) and/or an Asn (Asn-107,15-PGDH numbering) contributing to the active site; while substrate binding is in the C-terminal region, which determines specificity. The standard reaction mechanism is a 4-pro-S hydride transfer and proton relay involving the conserved Tyr and Lys, a water molecule stabilized by Asn, and nicotinamide. Extended SDRs have additional elements in the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a GGXGXXG NAD(P)-binding motif and an altered active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type ketoacyl reductases have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual NAD(P)-binding motif and missing or unusual active site residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization, C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity, dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764   3 VVLISRSKDKLDQVSSEIkEKFKVETRTIAVDFASEDiydKIKTGLAGLE-----IGILVNNVGMSYEYPeyFLDVPDLD 77
Cdd:cd05347    32 IVINSRNEEKAEEAQQLI-EKEGVEATAFTCDVSDEE---AIKAAVEAIEedfgkIDILVNNAGIIRRHP--AEEFPEAE 105

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  78 nvIKKMININILSVCKMTQLVLPGMVERSKGAILNISSGSGMLPVPLLTIYSATKTFVDFFSQCLHEEYRSKGVFVQSVL 157
Cdd:cd05347   106 --WRDVIDVNLNGVFFVSQAVARHMIKQGHGKIINICSLLSELGGPPVPAYAASKGGVAGLTKALATEWARHGIQVNAIA 183

                         170
                  ....*....|
gi 2462525764 158 PYFVATKLAK 167
Cdd:cd05347   184 PGYFATEMTE 193

3-ketoacyl-ACP reductase;

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  17 SSEIKEKFKVETRTIAVDF-----------ASEDIYDKIKTGLAglEIGILVNNVGMSYEYPEYFLDVPDLDNVIkkmiN 85
Cdd:PRK12938   37 NSPRRVKWLEDQKALGFDFiasegnvgdwdSTKAAFDKVKAEVG--EIDVLVNNAGITRDVVFRKMTREDWTAVI----D 110

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  86 INILSVCKMTQLVLPGMVERSKGAILNISSGSGMLPVPLLTIYSATKTFVDFFSQCLHEEYRSKGVFVQSVLPYFVATKL 165
Cdd:PRK12938  111 TNLTSLFNVTKQVIDGMVERGWGRIINISSVNGQKGQFGQTNYSTAKAGIHGFTMSLAQEVATKGVTVNTVSPGYIGTDM 190

                         170
                  ....*....|.
gi 2462525764 166 AK-IRKPTLDK 175
Cdd:PRK12938  191 VKaIRPDVLEK 201

beta-Keto acyl carrier protein reductase (BKR), involved in Type II FAS, classical (c) SDRs; This subgroup includes the Escherichai coli K12 BKR, FabG. BKR catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of ACP in the first reductive step of de novo fatty acid synthesis (FAS). FAS consists of four elongation steps, which are repeated to extend the fatty acid chain through the addition of two-carbo units from malonyl acyl-carrier protein (ACP): condensation, reduction, dehydration, and a final reduction. Type II FAS, typical of plants and many bacteria, maintains these activities on discrete polypeptides, while type I FAS utilizes one or two multifunctional polypeptides. BKR resembles enoyl reductase, which catalyzes the second reduction step in FAS. SDRs are a functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that have a single domain with structurally conserved Rossmann fold (alpha/beta folding pattern with a central beta-sheet) NAD(P)(H) binding region and a structurally diverse C-terminal region. Classical SDRs are typically about 250 residues long, while extended SDRS are approximately 350 residues. Sequence identity between different SDR enzymes are typically in the 15-30% range, but the enzymes share the Rossmann fold NAD binding motif and characteristic NAD-binding and catalytic sequence patterns. These enzymes have a 3-glycine N-terminal NAD(P)(H) binding pattern: TGxxxGxG in classical SDRs. Extended SDRs have additional elements in the C-terminal region, and typically have a TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif. Complex (multidomain) SDRs such as ketoreductase domains of fatty acid synthase have a GGXGXXG NAD(P) binding motif and an altered active site motif (YXXXN). Fungal type type ketoacyl reductases have a TGXXXGX(1-2)G NAD(P)-binding motif. Some atypical SDRs have lost catalytic activity and/or have an unusual NAD(P) binding motif and missing or unusual active site residues. Reactions catalyzed within the SDR family include isomerization, decarboxylation, epimerization, C=N bond reduction, dehydratase activity, dehalogenation, Enoyl-CoA reduction, and carbonyl-alcohol oxidoreduction. A critical catalytic Tyr residue (Tyr-151, human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) numbering), is often found in a conserved YXXXK pattern. In addition to the Tyr and Lys, there is often an upstream Ser (Ser-138, 15-PGDH numbering) and/or an Asn (Asn-107, 15-PGDH numbering) or additional Ser, contributing to the active site. Substrates for these enzymes include sugars, steroids, alcohols, and aromatic compounds. The standard reaction mechanism is a proton relay involving the conserved Tyr-151 and Lys-155, and well as Asn-111 (or Ser). Some SDR family members, including 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase contain an additional helix-turn-helix motif that is not generally found among SDRs.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764   1 MKVVLISRSKDKLDQVSSEIKEkFKVETRTIAVDFAS-EDIYDKIKTGLAGL-EIGILVNNVG---------MSYEypey 69
Cdd:cd05333    25 AKVAVTDRSEEAAAETVEEIKA-LGGNAAALEADVSDrEAVEALVEKVEAEFgPVDILVNNAGitrdnllmrMSEE---- 99

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462525764  70 fldvpDLDNVIkkmiNINILSVCKMTQLVLPGMVERSKGAILNISSGSGMLPVPLLTIYSATKTFVDFFSQCLHEEYRSK 149
Cdd:cd05333   100 -----DWDAVI----NVNLTGVFNVTQAVIRAMIKRRSGRIINISSVVGLIGNPGQANYAASKAGVIGFTKSLAKELASR 170