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Conserved domains on  [gi|567757591|ref|NP_001274680|]
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squalene synthase isoform 4 [Homo sapiens]

Protein Classification

isoprenoid biosynthesis enzyme family protein( domain architecture ID 89)

isoprenoid biosynthesis enzyme family protein

Graphical summary

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List of domain hits

 Name Accession Description Interval E-value
Isoprenoid_Biosyn_C1 super family cl00210
Isoprenoid Biosynthesis enzymes, Class 1; Superfamily of trans-isoprenyl diphosphate synthases ...
 1-285 0e+00

Isoprenoid Biosynthesis enzymes, Class 1; Superfamily of trans-isoprenyl diphosphate synthases (IPPS) and class I terpene cyclases which either synthesis geranyl/farnesyl diphosphates (GPP/FPP) or longer chained products from isoprene precursors, isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), or use geranyl (C10)-, farnesyl (C15)-, or geranylgeranyl (C20)-diphosphate as substrate. These enzymes produce a myriad of precursors for such end products as steroids, cholesterol, sesquiterpenes, heme, carotenoids, retinoids, and diterpenes; and are widely distributed among archaea, bacteria, and eukaryota.The enzymes in this superfamily share the same 'isoprenoid synthase fold' and include several subgroups. The head-to-tail (HT) IPPS catalyze the successive 1'-4 condensation of the 5-carbon IPP to the growing isoprene chain to form linear, all-trans, C10-, C15-, C20- C25-, C30-, C35-, C40-, C45-, or C50-isoprenoid diphosphates. Cyclic monoterpenes, diterpenes, and sesquiterpenes, are formed from their respective linear isoprenoid diphosphates by class I terpene cyclases. The head-to-head (HH) IPPS catalyze the successive 1'-1 condensation of 2 farnesyl or 2 geranylgeranyl isoprenoid diphosphates. Cyclization of these 30- and 40-carbon linear forms are catalyzed by class II cyclases. Both the isoprenoid chain elongation reactions and the class I terpene cyclization reactions proceed via electrophilic alkylations in which a new carbon-carbon single bond is generated through interaction between a highly reactive electron-deficient allylic carbocation and an electron-rich carbon-carbon double bond. The catalytic site consists of a large central cavity formed by mostly antiparallel alpha helices with two aspartate-rich regions located on opposite walls. These residues mediate binding of prenyl phosphates via bridging Mg2+ ions, inducing proposed conformational changes that close the active site to solvent, stabilizing reactive carbocation intermediates. Generally, the enzymes in this family exhibit an all-trans reaction pathway, an exception, is the cis-trans terpene cyclase, trichodiene synthase. Mechanistically and structurally distinct, class II terpene cyclases and cis-IPPS are not included in this CD.


The actual alignment was detected with superfamily member TIGR01559:

Pssm-ID: 469660  Cd Length: 337  Bit Score: 530.86  E-value: 0e+00
                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591    1 MTISVEKKVPLLHNFHSFLYQPDWRFMES-KEKDRQVLEDFPTISLEFRNLAEKYQTVIADICRRMGIGMAEFLDKHVTS 79
Cdd:TIGR01559  49 MTISVDKKIPLLRDFHEKIYDPDWRFTESdNEKDRQVLDDFPVVSLEFLKLKPKYQEVIADITRRMGNGMADFIDKEVTN 128

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591   80 EQ---EWDKYCHYVAGLVGIGLSRLFSASEFEDPLVGEDTERANSMGLFLQKTNIIRDYLEDQQGGREFWPQEVWSRYVK 156
Cdd:TIGR01559 129 EQtvgDYDKYCHYVAGLVGIGLSRLFVASGFEDPSLGESEALSNSMGLFLQKTNIIRDYLEDINEGRMFWPREIWSKYAK 208

                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591  157 KLGDFAKPENIDLAVQCLNELITNALHHIPDVITYLSRLRNQSVFNFCAIPQVMAIATLAACYNNQQVFKGAVKIRKGQA 236
Cdd:TIGR01559 209 KLGDFKKPENSDKALQCLNELVTNALHHATDCLTYLSRLRDQSIFNFCAIPQVMAIATLALCYNNPQVFQGNVKIRKGTT 288

                         250       260       270       280
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 567757591  237 VTLMMDATNMPAVKAIIYQYMEEIYHRIPDSDPSSSKTRQIISTIRTQN 285
Cdd:TIGR01559 289 VKLILDSTNMPAVYDIFYRYARKIYHKIDPNDPNFSKTLIIISKIEQQC 337
 
Name Accession Description Interval E-value
squal_synth TIGR01559
farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase; This model describes farnesyl-diphosphate ...
 1-285 0e+00

farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase; This model describes farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase, also known as squalene synthase, as found in eukaryotes. This family is related to phytoene synthases. Tentatively identified archaeal homologs (excluded from this model) lack the C-terminal predicted transmembrane region universally conserved among members of this family.


Pssm-ID: 188157  Cd Length: 337  Bit Score: 530.86  E-value: 0e+00
                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591    1 MTISVEKKVPLLHNFHSFLYQPDWRFMES-KEKDRQVLEDFPTISLEFRNLAEKYQTVIADICRRMGIGMAEFLDKHVTS 79
Cdd:TIGR01559  49 MTISVDKKIPLLRDFHEKIYDPDWRFTESdNEKDRQVLDDFPVVSLEFLKLKPKYQEVIADITRRMGNGMADFIDKEVTN 128

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591   80 EQ---EWDKYCHYVAGLVGIGLSRLFSASEFEDPLVGEDTERANSMGLFLQKTNIIRDYLEDQQGGREFWPQEVWSRYVK 156
Cdd:TIGR01559 129 EQtvgDYDKYCHYVAGLVGIGLSRLFVASGFEDPSLGESEALSNSMGLFLQKTNIIRDYLEDINEGRMFWPREIWSKYAK 208

                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591  157 KLGDFAKPENIDLAVQCLNELITNALHHIPDVITYLSRLRNQSVFNFCAIPQVMAIATLAACYNNQQVFKGAVKIRKGQA 236
Cdd:TIGR01559 209 KLGDFKKPENSDKALQCLNELVTNALHHATDCLTYLSRLRDQSIFNFCAIPQVMAIATLALCYNNPQVFQGNVKIRKGTT 288

                         250       260       270       280
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 567757591  237 VTLMMDATNMPAVKAIIYQYMEEIYHRIPDSDPSSSKTRQIISTIRTQN 285
Cdd:TIGR01559 289 VKLILDSTNMPAVYDIFYRYARKIYHKIDPNDPNFSKTLIIISKIEQQC 337
Trans_IPPS_HH cd00683
Trans-Isoprenyl Diphosphate Synthases, head-to-head; These trans-Isoprenyl Diphosphate ...
 1-236 2.23e-63

Trans-Isoprenyl Diphosphate Synthases, head-to-head; These trans-Isoprenyl Diphosphate Synthases (Trans_IPPS) catalyze a head-to-head (HH) (1'-1) condensation reaction. This CD includes squalene and phytoene synthases which catalyze the 1'-1 condensation of two 15-carbon (farnesyl) and 20-carbon (geranylgeranyl) isoprenyl diphosphates, respectively. The catalytic site consists of a large central cavity formed by mostly antiparallel alpha helices with two aspartate-rich regions (DXXXD) located on opposite walls. These residues mediate binding of prenyl phosphates. A two-step reaction has been proposed for squalene synthase (farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase) in which, two molecules of FPP react to form a stable cyclopropylcarbinyl diphosphate intermediate, and then the intermediate undergoes heterolysis, isomerization, and reduction with NADPH to form squalene, a precursor of cholestrol. The carotenoid biosynthesis enzyme, phytoene synthase (CrtB), catalyzes the condensation reaction of two molecules of geranylgeranyl diphosphate to produce phytoene, a precursor of beta-carotene. These enzymes produce the triterpene and tetraterpene precursors for many diverse sterol and carotenoid end products and are widely distributed among eukareya, bacteria, and archaea.


Pssm-ID: 173831 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 265  Bit Score: 201.69  E-value: 2.23e-63
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591   1 MTISVEKKVPLLHNFHSFLYQPDWrfmeskekdrqVLEDFPTISLEFRNLAEkYQTVIADICRRMGIGMAEFLDKH-VTS 79
Cdd:cd00683   46 PAAPPDEKLALLDAFRAELDAAYW-----------GGAPTHPVLRALADLAR-RYGIPREPFRDLLAGMAMDLDKRrYET 113

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591  80 EQEWDKYCHYVAGLVGIGLSRLFSASEFEDPLvgedtERANSMGLFLQKTNIIRDYLEDQQGGREFWPQEVWSRYVKKLG 159
Cdd:cd00683  114 LDELDEYCYYVAGVVGLMLLRVFGASSDEAAL-----ERARALGLALQLTNILRDVGEDARRGRIYLPREELARFGVTLE 188

                        170       180       190       200       210       220       230
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 567757591 160 DFAKPENIDLAVQCLNELITNALHHIPDVITYLSRLRnqSVFNFCAIPQVMAIATLAACYNNQQVFKGAVKIRKGQA 236
Cdd:cd00683  189 DLLAPENSPAFRALLRRLIARARAHYREALAGLAALP--RRSRFCVRAAAMLYRTILDEIEARGYDVLSVRVRVPKA 263
SQS_PSY pfam00494
Squalene/phytoene synthase;
33-235 1.01e-34

Squalene/phytoene synthase;


Pssm-ID: 425717 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 261  Bit Score: 127.41  E-value: 1.01e-34
                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591   33 DRQVLEDFPTISLEFRNLAEKYQtVIADICRRMGIGMAEFLDKH-VTSEQEWDKYCHYVAGLVGIGLSRLFSASEFEDPL 111
Cdd:pfam00494  63 ARRLKPARHPVLRALADLIRRYQ-LPKEPFLELIDGMEMDLEFTrYETLAELEEYCYYVAGVVGLLLLRLLGARSDEAAL 141

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591  112 VgedtERANSMGLFLQKTNIIRDYLEDQQGGREFWPQEVWSRYVKKLGDFAKPENIDLAVQCLNELITNALHHIPDVITY 191
Cdd:pfam00494 142 L----EAASHLGLALQLTNILRDVGEDARRGRVYLPAEVLKRFGVSEEDLLRGRASPALRALLRELAERARAHLREARPL 217

                         170       180       190       200
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 567757591  192 LSRLRNQSVFnFCAIPQVMAIATLAACYNNQ-QVFKGAVKIRKGQ 235
Cdd:pfam00494 218 LALLPRRARP-AVLLAAVLYRAILRRLEAAGyDVLRRRVKLSRRR 261
ERG9 COG1562
Phytoene/squalene synthetase [Lipid transport and metabolism];
59-243 3.09e-17

Phytoene/squalene synthetase [Lipid transport and metabolism];


Pssm-ID: 441170 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 278  Bit Score: 80.24  E-value: 3.09e-17
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591  59 ADICRRMGI----------GMAEFLDKHV-TSEQEWDKYCHYVAGLVGIGLSRLFSASEfEDPLvgedtERANSMGLFLQ 127
Cdd:COG1562   86 ADTVRRYGLprelfldlidGMEMDLTKTRyATFAELEDYCYRVAGVVGLLLLRVFGADD-PEAL-----AAADALGVALQ 159

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591 128 KTNIIRDYLEDQQGGREFWPQEVWSRYVKKLGDFAKPENIDLAVQCLNELITNALHHIPDVITYLSRLRNQSVFnFCAIP 207
Cdd:COG1562  160 LTNILRDVGEDARRGRVYLPLDDLARFGVTEEDLLAGRASPALRALLRFLAARARALLREALAGIPALPRRARR-AVLLA 238

                        170       180       190
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 567757591 208 QVMAIATLAACYNNQ-QVFKGAVKIRKGQAVTLMMDA 243
Cdd:COG1562  239 AALYRAILDKIERRGyDVLRRRVRLSRLRKLWLLWRA 275
PLN02632 PLN02632
phytoene synthase
 86-149 2.46e-06

phytoene synthase


Pssm-ID: 215339  Cd Length: 334  Bit Score: 48.56  E-value: 2.46e-06
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 567757591  86 YCHYVAGLVGI------GLSRLFSASEfedplvgEDT-ERANSMGLFLQKTNIIRDYLEDQQGGREFWPQE 149
Cdd:PLN02632 167 YCYYVAGTVGLmsvpvmGIAPESKAST-------ESVyNAALALGIANQLTNILRDVGEDARRGRVYLPQD 230
 
Name Accession Description Interval E-value
squal_synth TIGR01559
farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase; This model describes farnesyl-diphosphate ...
 1-285 0e+00

farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase; This model describes farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase, also known as squalene synthase, as found in eukaryotes. This family is related to phytoene synthases. Tentatively identified archaeal homologs (excluded from this model) lack the C-terminal predicted transmembrane region universally conserved among members of this family.


Pssm-ID: 188157  Cd Length: 337  Bit Score: 530.86  E-value: 0e+00
                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591    1 MTISVEKKVPLLHNFHSFLYQPDWRFMES-KEKDRQVLEDFPTISLEFRNLAEKYQTVIADICRRMGIGMAEFLDKHVTS 79
Cdd:TIGR01559  49 MTISVDKKIPLLRDFHEKIYDPDWRFTESdNEKDRQVLDDFPVVSLEFLKLKPKYQEVIADITRRMGNGMADFIDKEVTN 128

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591   80 EQ---EWDKYCHYVAGLVGIGLSRLFSASEFEDPLVGEDTERANSMGLFLQKTNIIRDYLEDQQGGREFWPQEVWSRYVK 156
Cdd:TIGR01559 129 EQtvgDYDKYCHYVAGLVGIGLSRLFVASGFEDPSLGESEALSNSMGLFLQKTNIIRDYLEDINEGRMFWPREIWSKYAK 208

                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591  157 KLGDFAKPENIDLAVQCLNELITNALHHIPDVITYLSRLRNQSVFNFCAIPQVMAIATLAACYNNQQVFKGAVKIRKGQA 236
Cdd:TIGR01559 209 KLGDFKKPENSDKALQCLNELVTNALHHATDCLTYLSRLRDQSIFNFCAIPQVMAIATLALCYNNPQVFQGNVKIRKGTT 288

                         250       260       270       280
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 567757591  237 VTLMMDATNMPAVKAIIYQYMEEIYHRIPDSDPSSSKTRQIISTIRTQN 285
Cdd:TIGR01559 289 VKLILDSTNMPAVYDIFYRYARKIYHKIDPNDPNFSKTLIIISKIEQQC 337
Trans_IPPS_HH cd00683
Trans-Isoprenyl Diphosphate Synthases, head-to-head; These trans-Isoprenyl Diphosphate ...
 1-236 2.23e-63

Trans-Isoprenyl Diphosphate Synthases, head-to-head; These trans-Isoprenyl Diphosphate Synthases (Trans_IPPS) catalyze a head-to-head (HH) (1'-1) condensation reaction. This CD includes squalene and phytoene synthases which catalyze the 1'-1 condensation of two 15-carbon (farnesyl) and 20-carbon (geranylgeranyl) isoprenyl diphosphates, respectively. The catalytic site consists of a large central cavity formed by mostly antiparallel alpha helices with two aspartate-rich regions (DXXXD) located on opposite walls. These residues mediate binding of prenyl phosphates. A two-step reaction has been proposed for squalene synthase (farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase) in which, two molecules of FPP react to form a stable cyclopropylcarbinyl diphosphate intermediate, and then the intermediate undergoes heterolysis, isomerization, and reduction with NADPH to form squalene, a precursor of cholestrol. The carotenoid biosynthesis enzyme, phytoene synthase (CrtB), catalyzes the condensation reaction of two molecules of geranylgeranyl diphosphate to produce phytoene, a precursor of beta-carotene. These enzymes produce the triterpene and tetraterpene precursors for many diverse sterol and carotenoid end products and are widely distributed among eukareya, bacteria, and archaea.


Pssm-ID: 173831 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 265  Bit Score: 201.69  E-value: 2.23e-63
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591   1 MTISVEKKVPLLHNFHSFLYQPDWrfmeskekdrqVLEDFPTISLEFRNLAEkYQTVIADICRRMGIGMAEFLDKH-VTS 79
Cdd:cd00683   46 PAAPPDEKLALLDAFRAELDAAYW-----------GGAPTHPVLRALADLAR-RYGIPREPFRDLLAGMAMDLDKRrYET 113

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591  80 EQEWDKYCHYVAGLVGIGLSRLFSASEFEDPLvgedtERANSMGLFLQKTNIIRDYLEDQQGGREFWPQEVWSRYVKKLG 159
Cdd:cd00683  114 LDELDEYCYYVAGVVGLMLLRVFGASSDEAAL-----ERARALGLALQLTNILRDVGEDARRGRIYLPREELARFGVTLE 188

                        170       180       190       200       210       220       230
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 567757591 160 DFAKPENIDLAVQCLNELITNALHHIPDVITYLSRLRnqSVFNFCAIPQVMAIATLAACYNNQQVFKGAVKIRKGQA 236
Cdd:cd00683  189 DLLAPENSPAFRALLRRLIARARAHYREALAGLAALP--RRSRFCVRAAAMLYRTILDEIEARGYDVLSVRVRVPKA 263
SQS_PSY pfam00494
Squalene/phytoene synthase;
33-235 1.01e-34

Squalene/phytoene synthase;


Pssm-ID: 425717 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 261  Bit Score: 127.41  E-value: 1.01e-34
                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591   33 DRQVLEDFPTISLEFRNLAEKYQtVIADICRRMGIGMAEFLDKH-VTSEQEWDKYCHYVAGLVGIGLSRLFSASEFEDPL 111
Cdd:pfam00494  63 ARRLKPARHPVLRALADLIRRYQ-LPKEPFLELIDGMEMDLEFTrYETLAELEEYCYYVAGVVGLLLLRLLGARSDEAAL 141

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591  112 VgedtERANSMGLFLQKTNIIRDYLEDQQGGREFWPQEVWSRYVKKLGDFAKPENIDLAVQCLNELITNALHHIPDVITY 191
Cdd:pfam00494 142 L----EAASHLGLALQLTNILRDVGEDARRGRVYLPAEVLKRFGVSEEDLLRGRASPALRALLRELAERARAHLREARPL 217

                         170       180       190       200
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 567757591  192 LSRLRNQSVFnFCAIPQVMAIATLAACYNNQ-QVFKGAVKIRKGQ 235
Cdd:pfam00494 218 LALLPRRARP-AVLLAAVLYRAILRRLEAAGyDVLRRRVKLSRRR 261
Trans_IPPS cd00867
Trans-Isoprenyl Diphosphate Synthases; Trans-Isoprenyl Diphosphate Synthases (Trans_IPPS) of ...
 32-178 1.10e-18

Trans-Isoprenyl Diphosphate Synthases; Trans-Isoprenyl Diphosphate Synthases (Trans_IPPS) of class 1 isoprenoid biosynthesis enzymes which either synthesis geranyl/farnesyl diphosphates (GPP/FPP) or longer chained products from isoprene precursors, isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), or use geranyl (C10)-, farnesyl (C15)-, or geranylgeranyl (C20)-diphosphate as substrate. These enzymes produce a myriad of precursors for such end products as steroids, cholesterol, sesquiterpenes, heme, carotenoids, retinoids, diterpenes, ubiquinone, and archaeal ether linked lipids; and are widely distributed among archaea, bacteria, and eukareya. The enzymes in this family share the same 'isoprenoid synthase fold' and include the head-to-tail (HT) IPPS which catalyze the successive 1'-4 condensation of the 5-carbon IPP to the growing isoprene chain to form linear, all-trans, C10-, C15-, C20- C25-, C30-, C35-, C40-, C45-, or C50-isoprenoid diphosphates. The head-to-head (HH) IPPS catalyze the successive 1'-1 condensation of 2 farnesyl or 2 geranylgeranyl isoprenoid diphosphates. Isoprenoid chain elongation reactions proceed via electrophilic alkylations in which a new carbon-carbon single bond is generated through interaction between a highly reactive electron-deficient allylic carbocation and an electron-rich carbon-carbon double bond. The catalytic site consists of a large central cavity formed by mostly antiparallel alpha helices with two aspartate-rich regions located on opposite walls. These residues mediate binding of prenyl phosphates via bridging Mg2+ ions, inducing proposed conformational changes that close the active site to solvent, stabilizing reactive carbocation intermediates. Mechanistically and structurally distinct, cis-IPPS are not included in this CD.


Pssm-ID: 173836  Cd Length: 236  Bit Score: 83.55  E-value: 1.10e-18
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591  32 KDRQVLEDFPTISLEFRNLAE----KYQTVIADICRRMGIGMAEFLDKH---VTSEQEWDKYCHY-VAGLVGIGLSRLFS 103
Cdd:cd00867   60 NALAILAGDYLLARAFQLLARlgypRALELFAEALRELLEGQALDLEFErdtYETLDEYLEYCRYkTAGLVGLLCLLGAG 139

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591 104 ASEFEDPLVGEDTERANSMGLFLQKTNIIRDYLEDQQG----------GREFWPQEVWSRYVKKLgdfakpenIDLAVQC 173
Cdd:cd00867  140 LSGADDEQAEALKDYGRALGLAFQLTDDLLDVFGDAEElgkvgsdlreGRITLPVILARERAAEY--------AEEAYAA 211


                 ....*
gi 567757591 174 LNELI 178
Cdd:cd00867  212 LEALP 216
Isoprenoid_Biosyn_C1 cd00385
Isoprenoid Biosynthesis enzymes, Class 1; Superfamily of trans-isoprenyl diphosphate synthases ...
 33-213 5.26e-18

Isoprenoid Biosynthesis enzymes, Class 1; Superfamily of trans-isoprenyl diphosphate synthases (IPPS) and class I terpene cyclases which either synthesis geranyl/farnesyl diphosphates (GPP/FPP) or longer chained products from isoprene precursors, isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), or use geranyl (C10)-, farnesyl (C15)-, or geranylgeranyl (C20)-diphosphate as substrate. These enzymes produce a myriad of precursors for such end products as steroids, cholesterol, sesquiterpenes, heme, carotenoids, retinoids, and diterpenes; and are widely distributed among archaea, bacteria, and eukaryota.The enzymes in this superfamily share the same 'isoprenoid synthase fold' and include several subgroups. The head-to-tail (HT) IPPS catalyze the successive 1'-4 condensation of the 5-carbon IPP to the growing isoprene chain to form linear, all-trans, C10-, C15-, C20- C25-, C30-, C35-, C40-, C45-, or C50-isoprenoid diphosphates. Cyclic monoterpenes, diterpenes, and sesquiterpenes, are formed from their respective linear isoprenoid diphosphates by class I terpene cyclases. The head-to-head (HH) IPPS catalyze the successive 1'-1 condensation of 2 farnesyl or 2 geranylgeranyl isoprenoid diphosphates. Cyclization of these 30- and 40-carbon linear forms are catalyzed by class II cyclases. Both the isoprenoid chain elongation reactions and the class I terpene cyclization reactions proceed via electrophilic alkylations in which a new carbon-carbon single bond is generated through interaction between a highly reactive electron-deficient allylic carbocation and an electron-rich carbon-carbon double bond. The catalytic site consists of a large central cavity formed by mostly antiparallel alpha helices with two aspartate-rich regions located on opposite walls. These residues mediate binding of prenyl phosphates via bridging Mg2+ ions, inducing proposed conformational changes that close the active site to solvent, stabilizing reactive carbocation intermediates. Generally, the enzymes in this family exhibit an all-trans reaction pathway, an exception, is the cis-trans terpene cyclase, trichodiene synthase. Mechanistically and structurally distinct, class II terpene cyclases and cis-IPPS are not included in this CD.


Pssm-ID: 173830 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 243  Bit Score: 81.77  E-value: 5.26e-18
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591  33 DRQVLEDFPTISLEFRNLAE----KYQTVIADICRRMGIGM---AEFLDKHVTSEQEWDKYCHYV-AGLVGIGLSRLFSA 104
Cdd:cd00385   55 PEAILAGDLLLADAFEELARegspEALEILAEALLDLLEGQlldLKWRREYVPTLEEYLEYCRYKtAGLVGALCLLGAGL 134

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591 105 SEFEDPLVGEDTERANSMGLFLQKTNIIRDYLEDQQ--GGREFWPQEVWSRYVKKLGDFAKPENIDLAVQCLNELITNAL 182
Cdd:cd00385  135 SGGEAELLEALRKLGRALGLAFQLTNDLLDYEGDAErgEGKCTLPVLYALEYGVPAEDLLLVEKSGSLEEALEELAKLAE 214

                        170       180       190
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 567757591 183 HHIPDVITYLSRLRnqSVFNFCAIPQVMAIA 213
Cdd:cd00385  215 EALKELNELILSLP--DVPRALLALALNLYR 243
ERG9 COG1562
Phytoene/squalene synthetase [Lipid transport and metabolism];
59-243 3.09e-17

Phytoene/squalene synthetase [Lipid transport and metabolism];


Pssm-ID: 441170 [Multi-domain]  Cd Length: 278  Bit Score: 80.24  E-value: 3.09e-17
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591  59 ADICRRMGI----------GMAEFLDKHV-TSEQEWDKYCHYVAGLVGIGLSRLFSASEfEDPLvgedtERANSMGLFLQ 127
Cdd:COG1562   86 ADTVRRYGLprelfldlidGMEMDLTKTRyATFAELEDYCYRVAGVVGLLLLRVFGADD-PEAL-----AAADALGVALQ 159

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 567757591 128 KTNIIRDYLEDQQGGREFWPQEVWSRYVKKLGDFAKPENIDLAVQCLNELITNALHHIPDVITYLSRLRNQSVFnFCAIP 207
Cdd:COG1562  160 LTNILRDVGEDARRGRVYLPLDDLARFGVTEEDLLAGRASPALRALLRFLAARARALLREALAGIPALPRRARR-AVLLA 238

                        170       180       190
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 567757591 208 QVMAIATLAACYNNQ-QVFKGAVKIRKGQAVTLMMDA 243
Cdd:COG1562  239 AALYRAILDKIERRGyDVLRRRVRLSRLRKLWLLWRA 275
HpnD TIGR03465
squalene synthase HpnD; The genes of this family are often found in the same genetic locus ...
 79-154 1.03e-09

squalene synthase HpnD; The genes of this family are often found in the same genetic locus with squalene-hopene cyclase genes, and are never associated with genes for the metabolism of phytoene. In the organisms Zymomonas mobilis and Bradyrhizobium japonicum these genes have been characterized as squalene synthases (farnesyl-pyrophosphate ligases). Often, these genes appear in tandem with the HpnC gene which appears to have resulted from an ancient gene duplication event. Presumably these proteins form a heteromeric complex, but this has not yet been experimentally demonstrated.


Pssm-ID: 163278  Cd Length: 266  Bit Score: 58.45  E-value: 1.03e-09
                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 567757591   79 SEQEWDKYCHYVAGLVGIGLSRLFSASEfedplvgEDTER-ANSMGLFLQKTNIIRDYLEDQQGGREFWPQEVWSRY 154
Cdd:TIGR03465 105 DFAELDLYCDRVAGAVGRLSARIFGATD-------ARTLEyAHHLGRALQLTNILRDVGEDARRGRIYLPAEELQRF 174
PLN02632 PLN02632
phytoene synthase
 86-149 2.46e-06

phytoene synthase


Pssm-ID: 215339  Cd Length: 334  Bit Score: 48.56  E-value: 2.46e-06
                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 567757591  86 YCHYVAGLVGI------GLSRLFSASEfedplvgEDT-ERANSMGLFLQKTNIIRDYLEDQQGGREFWPQE 149
Cdd:PLN02632 167 YCYYVAGTVGLmsvpvmGIAPESKAST-------ESVyNAALALGIANQLTNILRDVGEDARRGRVYLPQD 230
 
Blast search parameters
Data Source: Precalculated data, version = cdd.v.3.21
Preset Options:Database: CDSEARCH/cdd   Low complexity filter: no  Composition Based Adjustment: yes   E-value threshold: 0.01

References:

  • Wang J et al. (2023), "The conserved domain database in 2023", Nucleic Acids Res.51(D)384-8.
  • Lu S et al. (2020), "The conserved domain database in 2020", Nucleic Acids Res.48(D)265-8.
  • Marchler-Bauer A et al. (2017), "CDD/SPARCLE: functional classification of proteins via subfamily domain architectures.", Nucleic Acids Res.45(D)200-3.
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