oxygenase domain of ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes, J-binding proteins (JBPs), and similar proteins; TET proteins are involved in DNA demethylation through iteratively oxidizing 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). TET proteins contain a C-terminal catalytic domain which consists of a cysteine-rich region and a double-stranded beta-helix (DSBH) fold. Alterations in TET protein function have been linked to cancer, and TETs influence many cell differentiation processes. J binding protein (JBP) 1 and JBP2 are thymidine hydroxylases that catalyze the first step of base J biosynthesis: the hydroxylation of thymine in DNA to form 5-hydroxymethyluracil (hmU). Base J (beta-d-glucopyranosyloxymethyluracil) is a hyper-modified DNA base found in the DNA of kinetoplastids (Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Leishmania). JBP1 and JBP2 each contain a J-DNA binding domain and a thymidine hydroxylase domain. Members of this TET/JBP family of dioxygenases require Fe2+ and alpha-ketoglutarate (also known as 2-oxoglutarate) for activity.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 767963891 1422 CSCLDRVIQKDKGPYYTHLGAGPSVAAVREIMENRYGQKGNAIRIEIVVYTGKEGKSSHGCPIAKW 1487
Cdd:cd18895     1 CDCVEQIIEKDEGPYYTHLGAGPSVAAVREIMENRYGEKGNAIRIEVVVYTGKEGKSSQGCPIAKW 66

PET ((Prickle Espinas Testin) domain is involved in protein-protein interactions; PET domain is involved in protein-protein interactions and is usually found in conjunction with LIM domain, which is also a protein-protein interaction domain. The PET containing proteins serve as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes. The PET domain has been found at the N-terminal of four known groups of proteins: prickle, testin, LIMPETin/LIM-9 and overexpressed breast tumor protein (OEBT). Prickle has been implicated in regulation of cell movement through its association with the Dishevelled (Dsh) protein in the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway. Testin is a cytoskeleton associated focal adhesion protein that localizes along actin stress fibers, at cell contact areas, and at focal adhesion plaques. It interacts with a variety of cytoskeletal proteins, including zyxin, mena, VASP, talin, and actin, and is involved in cell motility and adhesion events. Knockout mice experiments reveal tumor repressor function of Testin. LIMPETin/LIM-9 contains an N-terminal PET domain and 6 LIM domains at the C-terminal. In Schistosoma mansoni, where LIMPETin was first identified, it is down regulated in sexually mature adult females compared to sexually immature adult females and adult males. Its differential expression indicates that it is a transcription regulator. In C. elegans, LIM-9 may play a role in regulating the assembly and maintenance of the muscle A-band by forming a protein complex with SCPL-1 and UNC-89 and other proteins. OEBT displays a PET domain with two LIM domains, and is predicted to be localized in the nucleus with a possible role in cancer differentiation.

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                  ....*....|....*....|...
gi 767963891 1035 LHQLPPRNNEVEYCNQLLDSSKK 1057
Cdd:cd09827    52 LHQLPPHDNEVRYCNSLSEEEKR 74

oxygenase domain of ten-eleven translocation (TET)1 methylcytosine dioxygenase and similar proteins; TET1 is involved in DNA demethylation through iteratively oxidizing 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). Human TET1 (and TET2) are more active on 5mC-DNA than 5hmC/5fC-DNA substrates. TET proteins contain a C-terminal catalytic domain which consists of a cysteine-rich region and a double-stranded beta-helix (DSBH) fold. TET1 plays multiple roles in in tumor development and progression. TET1 serves as a tumor suppressor gene; loss of TET1 is associated with tumorigenesis and can be used as a potential biomarker for cancer therapy. In addition to its dioxygenase activity, it can induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition and act as a coactivator to regulate gene transcription. The regulation of TET1 is also correlated with microRNA in a posttranscriptional modification process. TET1 belongs to the TET/JBP family of dioxygenases that require Fe2+ and alpha-ketoglutarate (also known as 2-oxoglutarate) for activity.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 767963891 1422 CSCLDRVIQKDKGPYYTHLGAGPSVAAVREIMENRYGQKGNAIRIEIVVYTGKEGKSSHGCPIAKW 1487
Cdd:cd18895     1 CDCVEQIIEKDEGPYYTHLGAGPSVAAVREIMENRYGEKGNAIRIEVVVYTGKEGKSSQGCPIAKW 66

The PET domain of Prickle; The PET domain of Prickle: Prickle contains an N-terminal PET domain and three C-terminal LIM domains. Prickle has been implicated in regulation of cell movement in the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway which requires the conserved Frizzled/Dishevelled (Dsh); Prickle interacts with Dishevelled, thereby modulating the activity of Frizzled/Dishevelled and the PCP signaling. Two forms of Prickle have been identified, namely Prickle 1 and Prickle 2. These are differentially expressed; Prickle 1 is found in fetal heart and hematological malignancies, while Prickle 2 is expressed in fetal brain, adult cartilage, pancreatic islet, and some types of timorous cells. The PET domain is a protein-protein interaction domain, usually found in conjunction with the LIM domain, which is also involved in protein-protein interactions. The PET containing proteins serve as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

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                  ....*....|....*....|...
gi 767963891 1035 LHQLPPRNNEVEYCNQLLDSSKK 1057
Cdd:cd09827    52 LHQLPPHDNEVRYCNSLSEEEKR 74

oxygenase domain of ten-eleven translocation (TET)1 methylcytosine dioxygenase and similar proteins; TET1 is involved in DNA demethylation through iteratively oxidizing 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). Human TET1 (and TET2) are more active on 5mC-DNA than 5hmC/5fC-DNA substrates. TET proteins contain a C-terminal catalytic domain which consists of a cysteine-rich region and a double-stranded beta-helix (DSBH) fold. TET1 plays multiple roles in in tumor development and progression. TET1 serves as a tumor suppressor gene; loss of TET1 is associated with tumorigenesis and can be used as a potential biomarker for cancer therapy. In addition to its dioxygenase activity, it can induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition and act as a coactivator to regulate gene transcription. The regulation of TET1 is also correlated with microRNA in a posttranscriptional modification process. TET1 belongs to the TET/JBP family of dioxygenases that require Fe2+ and alpha-ketoglutarate (also known as 2-oxoglutarate) for activity.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 767963891 1422 CSCLDRVIQKDKGPYYTHLGAGPSVAAVREIMENRYGQKGNAIRIEIVVYTGKEGKSSHGCPIAKW 1487
Cdd:cd18895     1 CDCVEQIIEKDEGPYYTHLGAGPSVAAVREIMENRYGEKGNAIRIEVVVYTGKEGKSSQGCPIAKW 66

oxygenase domain of ten-eleven translocation (TET)1, TET2, and TET3 methylcytosine dioxygenases and similar proteins; TET proteins are involved in DNA demethylation through iteratively oxidizing 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). TET proteins contain a C-terminal catalytic domain which consists of a cysteine-rich region and a double-stranded beta-helix (DSBH) fold. Alterations in TET protein function have been linked to cancer, and TETs influence many cell differentiation processes. TET family genes have been implicated as tumor suppressors, for example mutations/deletions of the TET2 gene frequently occur in multiple spectra of myeloid malignancies. TET3 acts as a suppressor of ovarian cancer by demethylating the miR-30d precursor gene promoter to block TGF-beta1 induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). TET3 (and TET2) promoters are silenced in melanoma cells by mechanisms triggered by TGF-beta and mediated by DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (DNMT3A). TET genes are downregulated in endometriosis. TET proteins belong to the TET/JBP family of dioxygenases that require Fe2+ and alpha-ketoglutarate (also known as 2-oxoglutarate) for activity.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 767963891 1422 CSCLDRVI-QKDKGPYYTHLGAGPSVAAVREIMENRYGQKGNAIRIEIVVYTGKEGKSSHGCPIAKW 1487
Cdd:cd18892     1 CGCFPPDEsPPEPGPYYTHLGAGPSLAALRELLEKRTGVTGKAIRIEKVIYTGKEGKTSQGCPIAKW 67

CXXC zinc finger domain; This domain contains eight conserved cysteine residues that bind to two zinc ions. The CXXC domain is found in a variety of chromatin-associated proteins. This domain binds to nonmethyl-CpG dinucleotides. The domain is characterized by two repeats, and shows a peculiar internal duplication in which the second unit is inserted into the first one. Each of these units is characterized by four conserved cysteines, displaying a CXXCXXCX(n)C motif that chelate a Zn+2 ion. The DNA binding interface has been identified by NMR. In eukaryotes, the CXXC domain is found in stramenopiles, plants and metazoans. Plants possess a mono-CXXC domain that is present in distinct chromatin proteins. Structural comparisons show that the mono-CXXC is homologous to the structural-zinc binding domain of medium chain dehydrogenases.

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                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 767963891   585 KKKRKRCGVCEPCQQKTNCGECTYCKNRK------NSHQICKKRKC 624
Cdd:pfam02008    3 RRKRRRCGVCEGCQRPEDCGQCSFCLDMPkfggpgKKKQKCRLRRC 48

The PET domain of Prickle; The PET domain of Prickle: Prickle contains an N-terminal PET domain and three C-terminal LIM domains. Prickle has been implicated in regulation of cell movement in the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway which requires the conserved Frizzled/Dishevelled (Dsh); Prickle interacts with Dishevelled, thereby modulating the activity of Frizzled/Dishevelled and the PCP signaling. Two forms of Prickle have been identified, namely Prickle 1 and Prickle 2. These are differentially expressed; Prickle 1 is found in fetal heart and hematological malignancies, while Prickle 2 is expressed in fetal brain, adult cartilage, pancreatic islet, and some types of timorous cells. The PET domain is a protein-protein interaction domain, usually found in conjunction with the LIM domain, which is also involved in protein-protein interactions. The PET containing proteins serve as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

                          10        20
                  ....*....|....*....|...
gi 767963891 1035 LHQLPPRNNEVEYCNQLLDSSKK 1057
Cdd:cd09827    52 LHQLPPHDNEVRYCNSLSEEEKR 74