References

1.

Abdullah VA, Pringle MB, Shah NS. Use of the trimmed Shah permavent tube in the management of glue ear. J Laryngol Otol. 1994 Apr;108(4):303–6. [PubMed: 8182314]

2.

Austin DF. Adenotonsillectomy in the treatment of secretory otitis media. Ear Nose Throat J. 1994 Jun;73(6):367–9. 73–4. [PubMed: 8076535]

3.

Brown MJ, Richards SH, Ambegaokar AG. Grommets and glue ear: a five-year follow up of a controlled trial. J R Soc Med. 1978 May;71(5):353–6. [PMC free article: PMC1436597] [PubMed: 650647]

4.

D'Eredità R, Shah UK. Contact diode laser myringotomy for medium-duration middle ear ventilation in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2006:1077–80. [PubMed: 16406076]

5.

Koopman JP, Reuchlin AG, Kummer EE, et al. Laser myringotomy versus ventilation tubes in children with otitis media with effusion: a randomized trial. Laryngoscope. 2004 May;114(5):844–9. [PubMed: 15126741]

6.

Licameli G, Johnston P, Luz J, et al. Phosphorylcholine-coated antibiotic tympanostomy tubes: are post-tube placement complications reduced? Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2008 Sep;72(9):1323–8. [PubMed: 18635268]

7.

Lildholdt T. Unilateral grommet insertion and adenoidectomy in bilateral secretory otitis media: preliminary report of the results in 91 children. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 1979 Apr;4(2):87–93. [PubMed: 455774]

8.

Mandel EM, Rockette HE, Bluestone CD, et al. Myringotomy with and without tympanostomy tubes for chronic otitis media with effusion. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1989 Oct;115(10):1217–24. [PubMed: 2789777]

9.

McRae D, Gatland DJ, Youngs R, et al. Aspiration of middle ear effusions prior to grommet insertion an etiological factor in tympanosclerosis. J Otolaryngol. 1989 Aug;18(5):229–31. [PubMed: 2769837]

10.

Ovesen T, Felding JU, Tommerup B, et al. Effect of N-acetylcysteine on the incidence of recurrence of otitis media with effusion and re-insertion of ventilation tubes. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 2000;543:79–81. [PubMed: 10908985]

11.

Popova D, Varbanova S, Popov TM. Comparison between myringotomy and tympanostomy tubes in combination with adenoidectomy in 3–7-year-old children with otitis media with effusion. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2010 Jul;74(7):777–80. [PubMed: 20399511]

12.

Ragab SM. The effect of radiofrequency and mitomycin C on the closure rate of human tympanostomy. Otol Neurotol. 2005 May;26(3):355–60. [PubMed: 15891633]

13.

Shishegar M, Hoghoghi H. Comparison of adenoidectomy and myringotomy with and without tube placement in the short term hearing status of children with otitis media with effusion: a preliminary report. Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2007:169–72.

14.

Tos M, Stangerup SE. Hearing loss in tympanosclerosis caused by grommets. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1989 Aug;115(8):931–5. [PubMed: 2751852]

15.

Vlastos IM, Houlakis M, Kandiloros D, et al. Adenoidectomy plus tympanostomy tube insertion versus adenoidectomy plus myringotomy in children with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. J Laryngol Otol. 2011 Mar;125(3):274–8. [PubMed: 21205368]

16.

Wielinga EW, Smyth GD. Comparison of the Goode T-tube with the Armstrong tube in children with chronic otitis media with effusion. J Laryngol Otol. 1990 Aug;104(8):608–10. [PubMed: 2230552]

17.

Williamson I, Benge S, Barton S, et al. Topical intranasal corticosteroids in 4–11 year old children with persistent bilateral otitis media with effusion in primary care: double blind randomised placebo controlled trial. BMJ. 2009;339:b4984. [PMC free article: PMC2795136] [PubMed: 20015903]

18.

Williamson I, Benge S, Barton S, et al. A double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial of topical intranasal corticosteroids in 4- to 11-year-old children with persistent bilateral otitis media with effusion in primary care. Health Technol Assess. 2009 Aug;13(37):1–144. [PubMed: 19671372]

19.

Szeremeta W, Parameswaran MS, Isaacson G. Adenoidectomy with laser or incisional myringotomy for otitis media with effusion. Laryngoscope. 2000 Mar;110(3 Pt 1):342–5. [PubMed: 10718416]

20.

Slack RW, Gardner JM, Chatfield C. Otorrhoea in children with middle ear ventilation tubes: a comparison of different types of tubes. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 1987 Oct;12(5):357–60. [PubMed: 3427799]

21.

Iwaki E, Saito T, Tsuda G, et al. Timing for removal of tympanic ventilation tube in children. Auris Nasus Larynx. 1998 Dec;25(4):361–8. [PubMed: 9853658]

22.

Shea BJ, Hamel C, Wells GA, et al. AMSTAR is a reliable and valid measurement tool to assess the methodological quality of systematic reviews. J Clin Epidemiol. 2009 Oct;62(10):1013–20. [PubMed: 19230606]

23.

Browning GG, Rovers MM, Williamson I, et al. Grommets (ventilation tubes) for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(10):CD001801. [PubMed: 20927726]

24.

van den Aardweg MT, Schilder AG, Herkert E, et al. Adenoidectomy for otitis media in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(1):CD007810. [PubMed: 20091650]

25.

Perera R, Haynes J, Glasziou P, et al. Autoinflation for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;(4):CD006285. [PubMed: 17054290]

26.

Thomas CL, Simpson S, Butler CC, et al. Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;(3):CD001935. [PubMed: 16855980]

27.

Hellstrom S, Groth A, Jorgensen F, et al. Ventilation tube treatment: a systematic review of the literature. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2011 Sep;145(3):383–95. [PubMed: 21632976]

28.

Simpson Sharon A, Lewis R, van der Voort J, et al. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2011. Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children. [PMC free article: PMC9829244] [PubMed: 21563132]

29.

Black N, Crowther J, Freeland A. The effectiveness of adenoidectomy in the treatment of glue ear: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 1986 Jun;11(3):149–55. [PubMed: 3524910]

30.

Black NA, Sanderson CF, Freeland AP, et al. A randomised controlled trial of surgery for glue ear. BMJ. 1990 Jun 16;300(6739):1551–6. [PMC free article: PMC1663097] [PubMed: 2196954]

31.

Gates GA, Avery CA, Prihoda TJ. Effect of adenoidectomy upon children with chronic otitis media with effusion. Laryngoscope. 1988 Jan;98(1):58–63. [PubMed: 3336263]

32.

Gibson PG, Stuart JE, Wlodarczyk J, et al. Nasal inflammation and chronic ear disease in Australian Aboriginal children. J Paediatr Child Health. 1996 Apr;32(2):143–7. [PubMed: 8860389]

33.

Honjo I, Fujita A, Kurata K, et al. Significance of adenoidectomy in the treatment of secretory otitis media. Adv Otorhinolaryngol. 1992;47:246–50. [PubMed: 1456142]

34.

Ruckley RW, Blair RL. Thermal myringotomy (an alternative to grommet insertion in childhood secretory otitis media?). J Laryngol Otol. 1988 Feb;102(2):125–8. [PubMed: 3346587]

35.

Yagi HI. The surgical treatment of secretory otitis media in children. J Laryngol Otol. 1977 Mar;91(3):267–70. [PubMed: 321716]

36.

Caye-Thomasen P, Stangerup SE, Jorgensen G, et al. Myringotomy versus ventilation tubes in secretory otitis media: eardrum pathology, hearing, and eustachian tube function 25 years after treatment. Otol Neurotol. 2008 Aug;29(5):649–57. [PubMed: 18520632]

37.

Tos M, Bonding P, Poulsen G. Tympanosclerosis of the drum in secretory otitis after insertion of grommets. A prospective, comparative study. J Laryngol Otol. 1983 Jun;97(6):489–96. [PubMed: 6683295]

38.

Karlan MS, Skobel B, Grizzard M, et al. Myringotomy tube materials: bacterial adhesion and infection. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1980 Nov–Dec;88(6):783–94. [PubMed: 7208047]

39.

Moller P, Dingsor G, Breck P, et al. Transtympanic ventilator tubes in the treatment of seromucous otitis. Indications and results. Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol (Bord). 1992;113(5):389–95. [PubMed: 1344560]

40.

Tatar EC, Unal FO, Tatar I, et al. Investigation of surface changes in different types of ventilation tubes using scanning electron microscopy and correlation of findings with clinical follow-up. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2006 Mar;70(3):411–7. [PubMed: 16125252]

41.

Zakirullah M, Saeedullah Surgical management of Otitis Media with Effusion; A prospective study of 120 patients. J Postgrad Med Inst. 2001;15(2):165–70.

42.

Bozkurt MK, Calguner M. The efficacy of CO2 laser myringotomy in serous otitis media. Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg. 2004;12(3–4):55–9. [PubMed: 16010101]

43.

D'Eredita R. Contact diode laser myringotomy and mitomycin C in children. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2004 Jun;130(6):742–6. [PubMed: 15195061]

44.

Hassmann E, Skotnicka B, Baczek M, et al. Laser myringotomy in otitis media with effusion: long-term follow-up. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2004 Jul;261(6):316–20. [PubMed: 14551787]

45.

Hornigold R, Morley A, Glore RJ, et al. The long-term effect of unilateral t-tube insertion in patients undergoing cleft palate repair: 20-year follow-up of a randomised controlled trial. Clin Otolaryngol. 2008 Jun;33(3):265–8. [PubMed: 18559037]

46.

Katz S, Schmelzer B, Van Rompaey D. Surgical management of chronic otitis media with effusion. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Belg. 1995;49(1):69–73. [PubMed: 7725924]

47.

Marshak G, Neriah ZB. Adenoidectomy versus tympanostomy in chronic secretory otitis media. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl. 1980 May–Jun;89(3 Pt 2):316–8. [PubMed: 6778336]

48.

Matt BH, Miller RP, Meyers RM, et al. Incidence of perforation with Goode T-tube. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 1991 Feb;21(1):1–6. [PubMed: 2037413]

49.

Robinson PM. Secretory otitis media in the adult. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 1987 Aug;12(4):297–302. [PubMed: 3665139]

50.

Siegel GJ, Chandra RK. Laser office ventilation of ears with insertion of tubes. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2002 Jul;127(1):60–6. [PubMed: 12161732]

51.

Smyth GD, Patterson CC, Hall S. Tympanostomy tubes: do they significantly benefit the patient? Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1982 Nov–Dec;90(6):783–6. [PubMed: 10994430]

52.

Strachan D, Hope G, Hussain M. Long-term follow-up of children inserted with T-tubes as a primary procedure for otitis media with effusion. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 1996 Dec;21(6):537–41. [PubMed: 9118577]

53.

Yaman H, Guclu E, Yilmaz S, et al. Myringosclerosis after tympanostomy tube insertion: relation with tube retention time and gender. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2010 Dec;37(6):676–9. [PubMed: 20392579]

54.

Zanetti D, Piccioni M, Nassif N, et al. Diode laser myringotomy for chronic otitis media with effusion in adults. Otol Neurotol. 2005 Jan;26(1):12–8. [PubMed: 15699714]