Appendix I: Reference List of Articles Considered but Not Included in This Review

Publication Details

  1. Adler LA, Resnick S, Kunz M, Devinsky O Open-label trial of venlafaxine in adults with attention deficit disorder. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1995;31(4):785–8. [PubMed: 8851654]
  2. Alston CY, Romney DM A comparison of medicated and nonmedicated attention-deficit disordered hyperactive boys. Acta Paedopsychiatr. 1992;55(2):65–70. [PubMed: 1585804]
  3. Aman MG, Turbott SH Prediction of clinical response in children taking methylphenidate. J Autism Dev Disord. 1991;21(2):211–28. [PubMed: 1864828]
  4. Aman MG, Pejeau C, Osborne P, Rojahn J, Handen B Four-year follow-up of children with low intelligence and ADHD. Res Dev Disabil. 1996;17(6):417–32. [PubMed: 8946568]
  5. Anastopoulos AD, Guevremont DC, Shelton TL, DuPaul GJ Parenting stress among families of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1992;20(5):503–20. [PubMed: 1487593]
  6. Anonymous [Drug therapy in attention deficit disorders with hyperactivity in children]. (Ger). Geneesmiddelen Bull. 1996;30(2):16–20.
  7. Anonymous Clonidine for treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1996;38(989):109–10. [PubMed: 8957471]
  8. Anonymous Pharmacotherapy facilitates management of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents. Drugs Ther Perspect. 1996;8(7):9–12.
  9. Anonymous Methylphenidate. Prescrire Int. 1997;6(31):126–30.
  10. Arnold LE Some nontraditional (unconventional and/or innovative) psychosocial treatments for children and adolescents: Critique and proposed screening principles. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1995;23(1):125–40. [PubMed: 7759671]
  11. Arzumanian AM, Stupa MV [Therapeutic principles in hyperkinetic syndromes]. (Rus). Zh Nevropatol Psikhiatr. 1994;94(5):32–5. [PubMed: 7900448]
  12. Baker BA ADHD-RT and low-dose lithium: A review article and pilot study. J Neurol Orthop Med Surg. 1995;16(1):19–27.
  13. Barkley RA, Anastopoulos AD, Guevremont DC, Fletcher KE Adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Mother-adolescent interactions, family beliefs and conflicts, and maternal psychopathology. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1992;20(3):263–88. [PubMed: 1619134]
  14. Becker DF, Doane JA, Wexler BE Effects of emotion on perceptual asymmetry in adolescent inpatients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1993;32(2):318–21. [PubMed: 8444760]
  15. Birmaher B, Greenhill LL, Cooper TB, Fried J, Maminski B Sustained release methylphenidate: pharmacokinetic studies in ADHD males. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1989;28(5):768–72. [PubMed: 2793805]
  16. Bond WS Recognition and treatment of attention deficit disorder. [Review]. [66 refs] Clin Pharm. 1987;6(8):617–24. [PubMed: 2891464]
  17. Bowen J, Fenton T, Rappaport L Stimulant medication and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. The child's perspective. Am J Dis Child. 1991;145(3):291–5. [PubMed: 2003477]
  18. Campbell NB, Tamburrino MB, Evans CL, Franco KN Fluoxetine for ADHD in a young child. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1995;34(10):1259–60. [PubMed: 7592260]
  19. Chappell PB, Riddle MA, Scahill L, Lynch KA, Schultz R, Arnsten A, Leckman JF, Cohen DJ Guanfacine treatment of comorbid attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and Tourette's syndrome: Preliminary clinical experience. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1995;34(9):1140–6. [PubMed: 7559307]
  20. Cohn LM, Caliendo GC Guanfacine use in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Ann Pharmacother. 1997;31(7-8):918–9. [PubMed: 9220058]
  21. Cunningham CE, Bremner R, Secord-Gilbert M Increasing the availability, accessibility, and cost efficacy of services for families of ADHD children: A school-based systems-oriented parenting course. Can J School Psychol. 1993;9(1):1–15.
  22. Diderichsen J, Ruud E [Hyperkinetic behavior syndrome. An interdisciplinary study of the basis for rational medical treatment]. (Nor). Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1988;108(6):481–3. [PubMed: 3281323]
  23. Drtilkowa I, Misurec J, Nahunek K The paradox effect of psychostimulants in the treatment of the child hyperkinetic syndrome. Act Nerv Super. 1990;32(4):302–3. [PubMed: 1982036]
  24. Dunson RM, Hughes JN, Jackson TW Effect of behavioral consultation on student and teacher behavior. J School Psychol. 1994;32(3):247–66.
  25. Fenichel RR Combining methylphenidate and clonidine: The role of post-marketing surveillance. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 1995;5(3):155–6.
  26. Findling RL Open-label treatment of comorbid depression and attentional disorders with co-administration of serotonin reuptake inhibitors and psychostimulants in children, adolescents, and adults: A case series. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 1996;6(3):165–75. [PubMed: 9231310]
  27. Gauthier M Stimulant medications in adults with attention deficit disorder. [Review]. [52 refs] Can J Psychiatry. 1984;29(5):435–40. [PubMed: 6148139]
  28. Gordon M, Di Niro D, Mettelman BB Effect upon outcome of nuances in selection criteria for ADHD/hyperactivity. Psychol Rep. 1988;62(2):539–44. [PubMed: 3406269]
  29. Gross MD Origin of stimulant use for treatment of attention deficit disorder [7] Am J Psychiatry. 1995;152(2):298–9. [PubMed: 7840374]
  30. Guerreiro MM, Montenegro MA, Piva RT, Moura-Ribeiro MV [Attention deficit disorder: treatment with methylphenidate]. (Por). Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 1996;54(1):25–9. [PubMed: 8736140]
  31. Gunning WB, Ferdinand RF, De Vrijer JC, Minderaa RB The application of clonidine in child and adolescent psychiatry. Tijdschr Psychiatr. 1990;32(7):462–72.
  32. Hart EL, Lahey BB, Loeber R, Applegate B, Frick PJ Developmental change in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in boys: A four-year longitudinal study. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1995;23(6):729–49. [PubMed: 8609310]
  33. Hazell PL, McDowell MJ, Walton JM Management of children prescribed psychostimulant medication for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the Hunter region of NSW. Med J Aust. 1996;165(9):477–80. [PubMed: 8937367]
  34. Hedges D, Reimherr FW, Rogers A, Strong R, Wender PH An open trial of venlafaxine in adult patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1995;31(4):779–83. [PubMed: 8851653]
  35. Heiligenstein E, Anders J Pemoline in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Predictors of nonresponse. J Am Coll Health. 1997;45(5):225–9. [PubMed: 9069682]
  36. Hoffman SP, Engelhardt DM, Margolis RA, Polizos P, Waizer J, Rosenfeld R Response to methylphenidate in low socioeconomic hyperactive children. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1974;30(3):354–9. [PubMed: 4813138]
  37. Horrigan JP, Barnhill LJ Guanfacine for treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in boys. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 1995;5(3):215–23.
  38. Horwitz DL Conspectus: Food colorings and hyperkinetic children. Compr Ther. 1980;6(11):3–4. [PubMed: 7002439]
  39. Hoza B, Pelham WE Jr, Sams SE, Carlson C An examination of the "dosage" effects of both behavior therapy and methylphenidate on the classroom performance of two ADHD children. Behav Modif. 1992;16(2):164–92. [PubMed: 1580892]
  40. Hubbard JA, Newcomb AF Initial dyadic peer interaction of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and normal boys. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1991;19(2):179–95. [PubMed: 2056162]
  41. Hunt RD, Arnsten AFT, Asbell MD An open trial of guanfacine in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1995;34(1):50–4. [PubMed: 7860456]
  42. Juchems R, Wertz U [Central hemodynamics of the hyperkinetic syndrome under blockade with beta receptors]. (Ger). Munchener Med Wochenschrift. 1969;111(49):2567–71. [PubMed: 4392881]
  43. Kendall PC, Panichelli, Mindel SM Cognitive-behavioral treatments. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1995;23(1):107–24. [PubMed: 7759669]
  44. Kessler S Drug therapy in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. South Med J. 1996;89(1):33–8. [PubMed: 8545689]
  45. Klein RG Clinical efficacy of methylphenidate in children and adolescents. [Review]. [44 refs] Encephale. 1993;19(2):89–93. [PubMed: 8275902]
  46. Laumann A, Poustka F Differential diagnosis and treatment outcome in the hyperkinetic syndrome. Z Kinder Jugenpsychiatr. 1991;19(4):231–9. [PubMed: 1812672]
  47. Lawrence JD, Lawrence DB, Carson DS Optimizing ADHD therapy with sustained-release methylphenidate. Am Fam Physician. 1997;55(5):1705–9. [PubMed: 9105199]
  48. Lesnik Oberstein M, Van-Der, Vlugt H, Hoencamp E, et al Stimulus-governance and the hyperkinetic syndrome. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1978;6(3):407–12. [PubMed: 701653]
  49. Lie N Follow-ups of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1992;85(368):1–40. [PubMed: 1642137]
  50. Lubar JF, Swartwood MO, Swartwood JN, O'Donnell PH Evaluation of the effectiveness of EEG neurofeedback training for ADHD in a clinical setting as measured by changes in T.O.V.A. scores, behavioral ratings, and WISC-R performance. Biofeedback Self Regul. 1995;20(1):83–99. [PubMed: 7786929]
  51. Lupandin VM, Lando LI, Gromova EA, Kamenskaia VM, Zykov MB [Role of biogenic amines in the pathogenesis of intellectual disorders in children with minimal psychoorganic syndromes]. (Rus). Zh Nevropatol Psikhiatr. 1978;78(10):1538–44. [PubMed: 716733]
  52. Niebuhr VN, Smith LR The school nurse's role in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. J School Health. 1993;63(2):112–5. [PubMed: 8479160]
  53. Parraga, HC, Kelly DP, Parraga MI, Cochran MK Combined psychostimulant and tricyclic antidepressant treatment of Tourette's syndrome and comorbid disorders in children. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 1994;4(2):113–22.
  54. Pliszka SR Tricyclic antidepressants in the treatment of children with attention deficit disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1987;26(2):127–32. [PubMed: 3584008]
  55. Pliszka SR, Hatch JP, Borcherding SH, Rogeness GA Classical conditioning in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and anxiety disorders: A test of Quay's model. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1993;21(4):411–23. [PubMed: 8408987]
  56. Prince JB, Wilens TE, Biederman J, Spencer TJ, Wozniak JR Clonidine for sleep disturbances associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A systematic chart review of 62 cases. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996;35(5):599–605. [PubMed: 8935206]
  57. Rapoport JL, Lott IT, Alexander DF, Abramson AU Urinary noradrenaline and playroom behavior in hyperactive boys. Lancet. 1970;2(7683):–. [PubMed: 4097952]
  58. Riggs PD, Thompson LL, Mikulich SK, Whitmore EA, Crowley TJ An open trial of pemoline in drug-dependent delinquents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996;35(8):1018–24. [PubMed: 8755798]
  59. Safer D, Krager JM Hyperactivity and inattentiveness. School assessment of stimulant treatment. Clin Pediatr. 1989;28(5):216–21. [PubMed: 2565177]
  60. Safer DJ, Allen RP Absence and tolerance to the behavioral effects of methylphenidate in hyperactive and inattentive children. J Pediatr. 1989;115(6):1003–8. [PubMed: 2585214]
  61. Sangal JM, Sangal RB, Persky B Prolonged P300 latency in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder predicts poor response to imipramine. Clin Electroencephalogr. 1996;27(3):191–201. [PubMed: 9465283]
  62. Schroeder JS, Mullin AV, Elliott GR, Steiner H, Nichols M, Gordon A, Paulos M Cardiovascular effects of desipramine in children [see comments] J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1989;28(3):376–9. [PubMed: 2661525]
  63. Schvehla TJ, Mandoki MW, Sumner GS Clonidine therapy for comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder: Preliminary findings in a children's inpatient unit. South Med J. 1994;87(7):692–5. [PubMed: 8023201]
  64. Sever Y, Ashkenazi A, Tyano S, Weizman A Iron treatment in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. A preliminary report. Neuropsychobiology. 1997;35(4):178–80. [PubMed: 9246217]
  65. Shafto F, Sulzbacher S Comparing treatment tactics with a hyperactive preschool child: Stimulant medication and programmed teacher intervention. J Appl Behav Anal. 1977;10(1):13–20. [PMC free article: PMC1311145] [PubMed: 845097]
  66. Shekim WO, Masterson A, Cantwell DP, Hanna GL, McCracken JT Nomifensine maleate in adult attention deficit disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1989;177(5):296–9. [PubMed: 2651559]
  67. Simerzin VV [Obsidan treatment of neuroendocrine disorders and hyperkinetic syndrome in patients with macrofocal myocardial infarction]. (Rus). Klin Med. 1989;67(1):84–7. [PubMed: 2654467]
  68. Steingard R, Biederman J, Spencer T, Wilens T, Gonzalez A Comparison of clonidine response in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder with and without comorbid tic disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1993;32(2):350–3. [PubMed: 8444764]
  69. Steinhausen HC The hyperkinetic syndrome: Multidimensional diagnosis, assessment of treatment effectiveness and course of outpatient treatment. Z Kinder Jugenpsychiatr. 1980;8(3):269–87.
  70. Suffix SC, Emory WH Neurometric subgroups in attentional and affective disorders and their association with pharmacotherapeutic outcome. Clin Electroencephalogr. 1995;26(2):76–83. [PubMed: 7781194]
  71. Tao KT Hyperactivity and attention deficit disorder syndromes in China. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1992;31(6):1165–6. [PubMed: 1429422]
  72. Trott GE, Menzel M, Friese HJ, Nissen G [Effectiveness and tolerance of the selective MAO-A inhibitor moclobemide in children with hyperkinetic syndrome]. (Ger). Z Kinder Jugenpsychiatr. 1991;19(4):248–53. [PubMed: 1812674]
  73. Valentine J, Zubrick S, Sly P National trends in the use of stimulant medication for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Paediatr Child Health. 1996;32(3):223–7. [PubMed: 8827539]
  74. Wender PH, Reimherr FW Bupropion treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults. Am J Psychiatry. 1990;147(8):1018–20. [PubMed: 2115746]
  75. Werry JS, Biederman J, Thisted R, Greenhill L, Ryan N Resolved: Cardiac arrhythmias make desipramine an unacceptable choice in children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1995;34(9):1239–48. [PubMed: 7559320]
  76. West SA, Strakowski SM, Sax KW, Minnery KL, McElroy SL, Keck Jr The comorbidity of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adolescent mania: Potential diagnostic and treatment implications. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1995;31(2):347–51. [PubMed: 7491390]
  77. Whalen CK, Henker B, Collins BE, McAuliffe S, Vaux A Peer interaction in a structured communication task: Comparisons of normal and hyperactive boys and of methylphenidate (Ritalin) and placebo effects. Child Dev. 1979;50(2):388–401. [PubMed: 487880]
  78. Wilens TE, Biederman J The stimulants. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 1992;15(1):191–222. [PubMed: 1347939]
  79. Wilens TE, Biederman J, Abrantes AM, Spencer TJ A naturalistic assessment of protriptyline for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996;35(11):1485–90. [PubMed: 8936915]
  80. Wilens TE, Biederman J, Baldessarini RJ, McDermott SP, Puopolo PR, Flood JG Fluoxetine inhibits desipramine metabolism [2] Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1992;49(9):–. [PubMed: 1514882]
  81. Wilens TE, Biederman J, Geist DE, Steingard R, Spencer T Nortriptyline in the treatment of ADHD: A chart review of 58 cases. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1993;32(2):343–9. [PubMed: 8444763]
  82. Wilens TE, Biederman J, Spencer TJ, Prince J Pharmacotherapy of adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A review. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1995;15(4):270–9. [PubMed: 7593710]
  83. Wolraich ML Stimulant drug therapy in hyperactive children: Research and clinical implications. Pediatrics. 1977;60(4):512–8. [PMC free article: PMC343283] [PubMed: 333368]
  84. Wolraich M Assessing response to methylphenidate for attention deficit disorder [letter; comment] J Pediatr. 1989;114(5):902–3. [PubMed: 2715907]
  85. Wolraich ML, Lindgren S, Stromquist A, Milich R, Davis C, Watson D Stimulant medication use by primary care physicians in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics. 1990;86(1):95–101. [PubMed: 2359688]
  86. Wulbert M, Dries R The relative efficacy of methylphenidate (ritalin) and behavior-modification techniques in the treatment of a hyperactive child. J Appl Behav Anal. 1977;10(1):21–31. [PMC free article: PMC1311146] [PubMed: 321410]
  87. Yellin AM, Greenberg LM Attention-deficit disorder. Monitored data-based assessment and treatment. Minn Med. 1981;64(8):487–90. [PubMed: 7290045]
  88. Yellin AM, Hopwood JH, Greenberg LM Adults and adolescents with attention deficit disorder: clinical and behavioral responses to psychostimulants. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1982;2(2):133–6. [PubMed: 7076878]
  89. Young ES, Perros P, Price GW, Sadler T Acute challenge ERP as a prognostic of stimulant therapy outcome in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 1995;37(1):25–33. [PubMed: 7893855]
  90. Zito JM, Safer DJ, dosReis S, Magder LS, Riddle MA Methylphenidate patterns among medicaid youths. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1997;33(1):143–7. [PubMed: 9133766]

    91. Not a Randomized Controlled Trial

    1. Aarskog D, Fevang FO, Klove H, Stoa KF, Thorsen T The effect of the stimulant drugs, dextroamphetamine and methylphenidate, on secretion of growth hormone in hyperactive children. J Pediatr. 1977;90(1):136–9. [PubMed: 318680]
    2. Abramowitz AJ, Eckstrand D, O'Leary SG, Dulcan MK ADHD children's responses to stimulant medication and two intensities of a behavioral intervention. Behav Modif. 1992;16(2):193–203. [PubMed: 1580893]
    3. Ajibola O, Clement PW Differential effects of methylphenidate and self-reinforcement on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Behav Modif. 1995;19(2):211–33. [PubMed: 7726818]
    4. Alessandri SM, Schramm K Effects of dextroamphetamine on the cognitive and social play of a preschooler with ADHD. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1991;30(5):768–72. [PubMed: 1938792]
    5. Aman MG, Kern RA, McGhee DE, Arnold LE Fenfluramine and methylphenidate in children with mental retardation and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Laboratory effects. J Autism Dev Disord. 1993;23(3):491–506. [PubMed: 8226583]
    6. Aman MG, Marks RE, Turbott SH, Wilsher CP, Merry SN Clinical effects of methylphenidate and thioridazine in intellectually subaverage children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1991;30(2):246–56. [PubMed: 2016229]
    7. Arnold LE, Kirilcuk V, Corson SA, Corson EO Levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine: Differential effect on aggression and hyperkinesis in children and dogs. Am J Psychiatry. 1973;130(2):165–70. [PubMed: 4568123]
    8. Ballard JE, Boileau RA, Sleator EK, Massey BH, Sprague RL Cardiovascular responses of hyperactive children to methylphenidate. JAMA. 1976;236(25):2870–4. [PubMed: 792490]
    9. Balthazor MJ, Wagner RK, Pelham WE The specificity of the effects of stimulant medication on classroom learning-related measures of cognitive processing for attention deficit disorder children. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1991;19(1):35–52. [PubMed: 2030246]
    10. Brown CS, Wells BG, Cold JA, Froemming JH, Self TH, Jabbour JT Possible influence of carbamazepine on plasma imipramine concentrations in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [see comments] J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1990;10(5):359–62. [PubMed: 2258453]
    11. Brown RT, Wynne ME, Borden KA, Clingerman SR, Geniesse R, Spunt AL Methylphenidate and cognitive therapy in children with attention deficit disorder: A double-blind trial. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1986;7(3):163–174. [PubMed: 3522630]
    12. Butter HJ, Lapierre YD The effect of methylphenidate on cardiovascular sensory differentiation on the hyperkinetic syndrome. Int J Clin Pharmacol Biopharm. 1975;11(4):309–14. [PubMed: 1099022]
    13. Butter HJ, Lapierre YD The effect of methylphenidate on sensory perception in varying degrees of hyperkinetic behaviour. Dis Nerv Sys. 1975;36(6):286–8. [PubMed: 1097220]
    14. Carlson CL, Pelham WEJ, Swanson JM, Wagner JL A divided attention analysis of the effects of methylphenidate on the arithmetic performance of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1991;32(3):463–71. [PubMed: 2061366]
    15. Carlson GA, Rapport MD, Kelly KL, Pataki CS Methylphenidate and desipramine in hospitalized children with comorbid behavior and mood disorders: Separate and combined effects on behavior and mood. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 1995;5(3):191–204.
    16. Cavanagh R, Clifford JS, Gregory WL The use of bromocriptine for the treatment of attention deficit disorder in two chemically dependent patients. J Psychoactive Drugs. 1989;21(2):217–20. [PubMed: 2668485]
    17. Chabot RJ, Merkin H, Wood LM, Davenport TL, Serfontein G Sensitivity and specificity of QEEG in children with attention deficit or specific developmental learning disorders. Clin Electroencephalogr. 1996;27(1):26–34. [PubMed: 8719499]
    18. Charles L, Schain R A four-year follow-up study of the effects of methylphenidate on the behavior and academic achievement of hyperactive children. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1981;9(4):495–505. [PubMed: 7328229]
    19. Cohen NJ, Sullivan J, Minde K, Novak C, Helwig C Evaluation of the relative effectiveness of methylphenidate and cognitive behavioral modification in the treatment of kindergarten-aged hyperactive children. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1981;9(1):43–54. [PubMed: 7217537]
    20. Coons HW, Klorman R, Borgstedt AD Effects of methylphenidate on adolescents with a childhood history of attention deficit disorder: II. Information processing [published erratum appears in J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1987 Sep; 26(5): 820] J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1987;26(3):368–74. [PubMed: 3298202]
    21. Cowart VS ADD: Not limited to children? [news] JAMA. 1982;248(3):285–6. [PubMed: 7045431]
    22. Dalby JT, Kinsbourne M, Swanson JM Self-paced learning in children with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1989;17(3):269–75. [PubMed: 2666475]
    23. Dumbrell S, Woodhill JM, Mackie L, Leelarthaepin B Is the Australian version of the Feingold diet safe? Med J Aust. 1978;2(12):548–70. [PubMed: 364258]
    24. Dykman RA, Ackerman PT, McCray DS Effects of methylphenidate on selective and sustained attention in hyperactive, reading-disabled, and presumably attention-disordered boys. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1980;168(12):745–52. [PubMed: 7452214]
    25. Dykman RA, McGrew J, Ackerman PT A double-blind clinical study of pemoline in MBD children: Comments on the psychological test results. In: Conners CK, ed. Clinical use of stimulant drugs in children. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica, 1972; 1974. p. 125-9.
    26. Eich WF, Thim EB, Crowder JE Effect of the Feingold Kaiser Permanente diet in minimal brain dysfunction. J Med Assoc AL. 1979;49(4):16–8. [PubMed: 387906]
    27. Eisenberg J, Asnis GM, van Praag HM, Vela RM Effect of tyrosine on attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. J Clin Psychiatry. 1988;49(5):193–5. [PubMed: 3284877]
    28. Elia J, Welsh PA, Gullotta CS, Rapoport JL Classroom academic performance: Improvement with both methylphenidate and dextroamphetamine in ADHD boys. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1993;34(5):785–804. [PubMed: 8340445]
    29. Ernst M, Zametkin AJ, Matochik JA, Liebenauer L, Fitzgerald GA, Cohen RM Effects of intravenous dextroamphetamine on brain metabolism in adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Preliminary findings. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1994;30(2):219–25. [PubMed: 7831459]
    30. Everett J, Thomas J, Cote F, Levesque J, Michaud D Cognitive effects of psychostimulant medication in hyperactive children. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 1991;22(2):79–87. [PubMed: 1686856]
    31. Feinberg I, Hibi S, Braun M, Cavness C, Westerman G, Small A Sleep amphetamine effects in MBDS and normal subjects. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1974;31(5):723–31. [PubMed: 4374157]
    32. Feldman H, Crumrine P, Handen BL, Alvin R, Teodori J Methylphenidate in children with seizures and attention-deficit disorder. Am J Dis Child. 1989;143(9):1081–6. [PubMed: 2672786]
    33. Findling RL, Schwartz MA, Flannery DJ, Manos MJ Venlafaxine in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: An open clinical trial [see comments] J Clin Psychiatry. 1996;57(5):184–9. [PubMed: 8626348]
    34. Firestone P, Douglas V The effects of reward and punishment on reaction times and autonomic activity in hyperactive and normal children. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1975;3(3):201–16. [PubMed: 1214031]
    35. Frank Y Visual event related potentials after methylphenidate and sodium valproate in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Clin Electroencephalogr. 1993;24(1):19–24. [PubMed: 8420693]
    36. Frankel F, Myatt R, Cantwell DP, Feinberg DT Parent-assisted transfer of children's social skills training: Effects on children with and without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36(8):1056–64. [PubMed: 9256585]
    37. Funk JB, Chessare JB, Weaver MT, Exley AR Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, creativity, and the effects of methylphenidate. Pediatrics. 1993;91(4):816–9. [PMC free article: PMC375534] [PubMed: 8464673]
    38. Gascon GG, Johnson R, Burd L Central auditory processing and attention deficit disorders. J Child Neurol. 1986;1(1):27–33. [PubMed: 3598105]
    39. Gastfriend DR, Biederman J, Jellinek MS Desipramine in the treatment of adolescents with attention deficit disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1984;141(7):906–8. [PubMed: 6375400]
    40. Gillberg IC, Gillberg C Children with deficits in attention, motor control and perception (DAMP): Need for specialist treatment. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1988;77(3):450–1. [PubMed: 3389142]
    41. Golinko BE Side effects of dexedrine in hyperactive children: Operationalization and quantification in a short-term trial. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 1982;6(2):175–83. [PubMed: 7202238]
    42. Greenberg LM, Yellin AM Blood pressure and pulse changes in hyperactive children treated with imipramine and methylphenidate. Am J Psychiatry. 1975;132(12):1325–6. [PubMed: 1106218]
    43. Grizenko N Outcome of multimodal day treatment for children with severe behavior problems: A five-year follow-up. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36(7):989–97. [PubMed: 9204678]
    44. Gross MD Imipramine in the treatment of minimal brain dysfunction in children. Psychosomatics. 1973;14(5):283–5. [PubMed: 4794958]
    45. Gross MD Caffeine in the treatment of children with minimal brain dysfunction or hyperkinetic syndrome. Psychosomatics. 1975;16(1):26–7. [PubMed: 1101283]
    46. Gross MD Effect of sucrose on hyperkinetic children. Pediatrics. 1984;74(5):876–8. [PubMed: 6387615]
    47. Gross-Tsur V, Manor O, van derMeere J, Joseph A, Shalev RS Epilepsy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Is methylphenidate safe and effective? [see comments] J Pediatr. 1997;130(1):40–4. [PubMed: 9003849]
    48. Halliday R, Rosenthal JH, Naylor H, Callaway E Averaged evoked potential predictors of clinical improvement in hyperactive children treated with methylphenidate: An initial study and replication. Psychophysiology. 1976;13(5):429–40. [PubMed: 972966]
    49. Handen BL, Janosky J, McAuliffe S Long-term follow-up of children with mental retardation/borderline intellectual functioning and ADHD. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1997;25(4):287–95. [PubMed: 9304445]
    50. Harvey DH, Marsh RW The effects of de-caffeinated coffee versus whole coffee on hyperactive children. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1978;20(1):81–6. [PubMed: 346427]
    51. Hechtman L, Weiss G, Perlman T Young adult outcome of hyperactive children who received long-term stimulant treatment. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry. 1984;23(3):261–9. [PubMed: 6736490]
    52. Iaboni F, Douglas VI, Baker AG Effects of reward and response costs on inhibition in ADHD children. J Abnorm Psychol. 1995;104(1):232–40. [PubMed: 7897047]
    53. Jonkman LM, Kemner C, Verbaten MN, Koelega HS, Camfferman G, Gaag RJ, Buitelaar JK, van Engeland H Effects of methylphenidate on event-related potentials and performance of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder children in auditory and visual selective attention tasks. Biol Psychiatry. 1997;41(6):690–702. [PubMed: 9066993]
    54. Keith RW, Engineer P Effects of methylphenidate on the auditory processing abilities of children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. J Learn Disabilities. 1991;24(10):630–6. [PubMed: 1783870]
    55. Kelly PC, Cohen ML, Walker WO, Caskey OL, Atkinson AW Self-esteem in children medically managed for attention deficit disorder [see comments] Pediatrics. 1989;83(2):211–7. [PubMed: 2913551]
    56. Klein RG, Mannuzza S Hyperactive boys almost grown up. III. Methylphenidate effects on ultimate height. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1988;45(12):1131–4. [PubMed: 3058089]
    57. Klorman R, Coons HW, Brumaghim JT, Borgstedt AD, Fitzpatrick P Stimulant treatment for adolescents with attention deficit disorder. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1988;24(1):88–92. [PubMed: 2898797]
    58. Knoelker U, Nissen G Double-blind study nomifensine vs. imipramine in children with hyperkinetic syndrome. Arzneimittelforschung. 1980;30(8):–.
    59. Kolko DJ, Loar LL, Sturnick D Inpatient social-cognitive skills training groups with conduct disordered and attention deficit disordered children. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1990;31(5):737–48. [PubMed: 2398118]
    60. Kutcher SP Assessing and treating attention deficit disorder in adolescents. DThe clinical application of a single-case research design. Br J Psychiatry. 1986;149:710–5. [PubMed: 3539250]
    61. Lauth GW, Naumann K, Roggenkamper A, Heine A [Behavior medicine indications and evaluation of cognitive-behavioral therapy with attention-deficit/hyperkinetic children]. (Ger). Z Kinder Jugenpsychiatr. 1996;24(3):164–75. [PubMed: 9459673]
    62. Levin ED, Conners CK, Sparrow E, Hinton SC, Erhardt D, Meck WH, Rose JE, March J Nicotine effects on adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Psychopharmacology. 1996;123(1):55–63. [PubMed: 8741955]
    63. Lucas B, Sells CJ Nutrient intake and stimulant drugs in hyperactive children. J Am Diet Assoc. 1977;70(4):373–7. [PubMed: 321504]
    64. Malone MA, Kershner JR, Siegel L The effects of methylphenidate on levels of processing and laterality in children with attention deficit disorder. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1988;16(4):379–95. [PubMed: 3221029]
    65. Matier K, Halperin JM, Sharma V, Newcorn JH, Sathaye N Methylphenidate response in aggressive and nonaggressive ADHD children: Distinctions on laboratory measures of symptoms. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1992;31(2):219–25. [PubMed: 1564022]
    66. Matochik JA, Nordahl TE, Gross M, Semple WE, King AC, Cohen RM, Zametkin AJ Effects of acute stimulant medication on cerebral metabolism in adults with hyperactivity. Neuropsychopharmacology. 1993;8(4):377–86. [PubMed: 8512624]
    67. Mattes JA, Gittelman R Growth of hyperactive children on maintenance regimen of methylphenidate. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1983;40(3):317–21. [PubMed: 6830410]
    68. Mayes SD, Crites DL, Bixler EO, Humphrey FJ, Mattison RE Methylphenidate and ADHD: Influence of age, IQ and neurodevelopmental status. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1994;36(12):1099–107. [PubMed: 7525394]
    69. McManis DI, McCarthy M, Koval R Effects of a stimulant drug on extraversion level in hyperactive children. Percept Mot Skills. 1978;46(1):88–90. [PubMed: 643501]
    70. McNutt B, Ballard JE, Boileau R The effects of long-term stimulant medication on growth and body composition of hyperactive children. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1976;12(2):13–5. [PubMed: 3817]
    71. McNutt BA, Boileau RA, Cohen MN The effects of long-term stimulant medication on the growth and body composition of hyperactive children [proceedings] Psychopharmacol Bull. 1977;13(2):36–8. [PubMed: 323908]
    72. Mino Y, Ohara H Methylphenidate and interpersonal relationships of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Jpn J Psychiatry Neurol. 1991;45(1):45–51. [PubMed: 1753489]
    73. Morkrid L, Qiao ZG, Reichelt KL Effect of methylphenidate on skin conductance in hyperactive children and its relationship to urinary peptides. J Oslo City Hosp. 1987;37(4):35–40. [PubMed: 3598760]
    74. Nigg JT, Swanson JM, Hinshaw SP Covert visual spatial attention in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Lateral effects, methylphenidate response and results for parents. Neuropsychologia. 1997;35(2):165–76. [PubMed: 9025120]
    75. Nolan EE, Gadow KD Children with ADHD and tic disorder and their classmates: Behavioral normalization with methylphenidate. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36(5):597–604. [PubMed: 9136493]
    76. Northup J, Jones K, Broussard C, DiGiovanni G, Herring M, Fusilier I, Hanchey A A preliminary analysis of interactive effects between common classroom contingencies and methylphenidate. J Appl Behav Anal. 1997;30(1):121–5. [PMC free article: PMC1284035] [PubMed: 9157096]
    77. Olvera RL, Pliszka SR, Luh J, Tatum R An open trial of venlafaxine in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 1996;6(4):241–50. [PubMed: 9231317]
    78. Ottinger DR, Halpin B, Miller M, et al Evaluating drug effectiveness in an office setting for children with attention deficit disorders. Clin Pediatr (Hagerstown). 1985;24(5):245–51. [PMC free article: PMC358331] [PubMed: 3987164]
    79. Palmer S, Rapoport JL, Quinn PO Food additives and hyperactivity. Clin Pediatr 1975;14(10):956-59. [PubMed: 1100297]
    80. Payton JB, Burkhart JE, Hersen M, Helsel WJ Treatment of ADDH in mentally retarded children: A preliminary study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1989;28(5):761–7. [PubMed: 2676965]
    81. Pelham WEJ, Carlson C, Sams SE, Vallano G, Dixon MJ, Hoza B Separate and combined effects of methylphenidate and behavior modification on boys with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder in the classroom. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1993;61(3):506–15. [PubMed: 8326053]
    82. Pelham WEJ, Swanson JM, Furman MB, Schwindt H Pemoline effects on children with ADHD: A time-response by dose-response analysis on classroom measures. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1995;34(11):1504–13. [PubMed: 8543519]
    83. Porrino LJ, Rapoport JL, Behar D, Ismond DR, Bunney WEJ A naturalistic assessment of the motor activity of hyperactive boys. II. Stimulant drug effects. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1983;40(6):688–93. [PubMed: 6847336]
    84. Rapoport JL, Quinn PO, Bradbard G, Riddle KD, Brooks E Imipramine and methylphenidate treatments of hyperactive boys. A double-blind comparison. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1974;30(6):789–93. [PubMed: 4598851]
    85. Rapport MD, Loo S, Isaacs P, Goya S, Denney C, Scanlan S Methylphenidate and attentional training. Comparative effects on behavior and neurocognitive performance in twin girls with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Behav Modif. 1996;20(4):428–30. [PubMed: 8875814]
    86. Reimherr FW, Wender PH, Wood DR, Ward M An open trial of l-tyrosine in the treatment of attention deficit disorder, residual type. Am J Psychiatry. 1987;144(8):1071–3. [PubMed: 3300376]
    87. Reimherr FW, Wood DR, Wender PH An open clinical trial of l-dopa and carbidopa in adults with minimal brain dysfunction. Am J Psychiatry. 1980;137(1):73–5. [PubMed: 6986093]
    88. Rie HE, Rie ED, Stewart S, Ambuel JP Effects of methylphenidate on underachieving children. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1976;44(2):250–60. [PubMed: 767375]
    89. Rose TL The functional relationship between artificial food colors and hyperactivity. J Appl Behav Anal. 1978;11(4):439–46. [PMC free article: PMC1311327] [PubMed: 365851]
    90. Rowe KS Synthetic food colourings and "hyperactivity": A double-blind crossover study. Aust Paediatr J. 1988;24(2):143–7. [PubMed: 3395307]
    91. Rumain B Efficacy of behavior management versus methylphenidate in a hyperactive child: The role of dynamics. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 1988;58(3):466–9. [PubMed: 3407738]
    92. Safer D, Allen R, Barr E Depression of growth in hyperactive children on stimulant drugs. N Engl J Med. 1972;287(5):217–20. [PubMed: 4556640]
    93. Sallee FR, Stiller RL, Perel JM Pharmacodynamics of pemoline in attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1992;31(2):244–51. [PubMed: 1564025]
    94. Satterfield JH, Lesser LI, Saul RE, Cantwell DP EEG aspects in the diagnosis and treatment of minimal brain dysfunction. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1973;205:274–82. [PubMed: 4511281]
    95. Satterfield JH, Satterfield BT, Cantwell DP Three-year multimodality treatment study of 100 hyperactive boys. J Pediatr. 1981;98(4):650–61. [PubMed: 7205499]
    96. Schain RJ, Reynard CL Observations on effects of a central stimulant drug (methylphenidate) in children with hyperactive behavior. Pediatrics. 1975;55(5):709–16. [PubMed: 1093108]
    97. Schleifer M, Weiss G, Cohen N, Elman M, Cvejic H, Kruger E Hyperactivity in preschoolers and the effect of methylphenidate. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 1975;45(1):38–50. [PubMed: 1089359]
    98. Schmidt MH, Mocks P, Lay B, Eisert HG, Fojkar R, Fritz SD, Marcus A, Musaeus B Does oligoantigenic diet influence hyperactive/conduct-disordered children-A controlled trial. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;6(2):88–95. [PubMed: 9257090]
    99. Schultz FR, Hayford JT, Wolraich ML, Hintz RL, Thompson RG Methylphenidate treatment of hyperactive children: Effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-somatomedin axis. Pediatrics. 1982;70(6):987–92. [PMC free article: PMC65040] [PubMed: 7145556]
    100. Schweitzer JB, Sulzer-Azaroff B Self-control in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Effects of added stimulation and time. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1995;36(4):671–86. [PubMed: 7650090]
    101. Sebrechts MM, Shaywitz SE, Shaywitz BA, Jatlow P, Anderson GM, Cohen DJ Components of attention, methylphenidate dosage, and blood levels in children with attention deficit disorder. Pediatrics. 1986;77(2):222–8. [PMC free article: PMC116575] [PubMed: 3945535]
    102. Shekim WO, Davis LG, Bylund DB, et al Platelet MAO in children with attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity: A pilot study. Am J Psychiatry. 1982;139(7):936–8. [PubMed: 7091414]
    103. Simeon JG, Ferguson HB, Van Wyck Fleet J Bupropion effects in attention deficit and conduct disorders. Can J Psychiatry. 1986;31(6):581–5. [PubMed: 3093046]
    104. Sleator EK, von Neumann A, Sprague RL Hyperactive children. A continuous long-term placebo-controlled follow-up. JAMA. 1974;229(3):316–7. [PubMed: 4600587]
    105. Solanto MV Behavioral effects of low-dose methylphenidate in childhood attention deficit disorder: Implications for a mechanism of stimulant drug action. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry. 1986;25(1):96–101. [PubMed: 3950273]
    106. Spencer TJ, Biederman J, Harding M, O'Donnell D, Faraone SV, Wilens TE Growth deficits in ADHD children revisited: Evidence for disorder- associated growth delays? J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996;35(11):1460–9. [PubMed: 8936912]
    107. Spencer T, Biederman J, Wright V, Danon M Growth deficits in children treated with desipramine: A controlled study [see comments] J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1992;31(2):235–43. [PubMed: 1564024]
    108. Spiga R, Pearson DA, Broitman M, Santos CW Effects of methylphenidate on cooperative responding in children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 1996;4(4):451–8.
    109. Swanson J, Kinsbourne M, Roberts W, Zucker K Time-response analysis of the effect of stimulant medication on the learning ability of children referred for hyperactivity. Pediatrics. 1978;61(1):21–9. [PMC free article: PMC449715] [PubMed: 400817]
    110. Tellechea N, Guardiola A, Barros HT, Hibig A Efficacy of imipramine in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Int Pediatr. 1991;6(4):343–6.
    111. Thurston LP Comparison of the effects of parent training and of ritalin in treating hyperactive children. Int J Ment Health. 1979;8(1):121–8.
    112. Tirosh E, Sadeh A, Munvez R, Lavie P Effects of methylphenidate on sleep in children with attention-deficient hyperactivity disorder. An activity monitor study. Am J Dis Child. 1993;147(12):1313–5. [PubMed: 8249952]
    113. Tomkins CP, Soldin SJ, Macleod SM, Rochefort JG, Swanson JM Analysis of pemoline in serum by high performance liquid chromatography: Clinical application to optimize treatment of hyperactive children. Ther Drug Monit. 1980;2(3):255–60. [PubMed: 7222180]
    114. Toren P, Eldar S, Sela BA, Wolmer L, Weitz R, Inbar D, Koren S, Reiss A, Weizman R, Laor N Zinc deficiency in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 1996;40(12):1308–10. [PubMed: 8959299]
    115. Toren P, Silbergeld A, Eldar S, Laor N, Wolmer L, Koren S, Weitz R, Inbar D, Reiss A, Eshet R, Weizman R Lack of effect of methylphenidate on serum growth hormone (GH):GH- binding protein, and insulin-like growth factor I. Clin Neuropharmacol. 1997;20(3):264–9. [PubMed: 9197950]
    116. Trommer BL, Hoeppner JA, Zecker SG The go-no go test in attention deficit disorder is sensitive to methylphenidate. J Child Neurol. 1991;6(Suppl):S128–S131. [PubMed: 2002211]
    117. Ullmann RK, Sleator EK Responders, nonresponders, and placebo responders among children with attention deficit disorder. Importance of a blinded placebo evaluation. Clin Pediatr. 1986;25(12):594–9. [PubMed: 3536258]
    118. Vyborova L, Nahunek K, Drtilkova I, Misurec J, Slama B A controlled study of lisurid in hyperactive children. Act Nerv Super. 1978;20(1):86–7. [PubMed: 345719]
    119. Vyborova L, Nahunek K, Drtilkova I, Balastikova B Oxyprothepin and clorotepin compared in the hyperkinetic syndrome. Act Nerv Super. 1989;31(1):45–6. [PubMed: 2571227]
    120. Vyborova L, Nahunek K, Misurec J, et al Comparison of amphetaminil and methylphenidate in the treatment of hyperkinetic syndrome in children. Act Nerv Super. 1984;26(1):–.
    121. Waizer J, Hoffman SP, Polizos P, Engelhardt DM Outpatient treatment of hyperactive school children with imipramine. Am J Psychiatry. 1974;131(5):587–91. [PubMed: 4594559]
    122. Waldrop RD Selection of patients for management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in a private practice setting. Clin Pediatr. 1994;33(2):83–7. [PubMed: 8200161]
    123. Weiss G, Kruger E, Danielson U, Elman M Effect of long-term treatment of hyperactive children with methylphenidate. Can Med Assoc J. 1975;112(2):159–65. [PMC free article: PMC1956418] [PubMed: 803405]
    124. Weiss G, Werry J, Minde K, Douglas V, Sykes D Studies on the hyperactive child. V. The effects of dextroamphetamine and chlorpromazine on behaviour and intellectual functioning. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1968;9(3):145–56. [PubMed: 4893343]
    125. Wender PH, Wood DR, Reimherr FW, Ward M An open trial of pargyline in the treatment of attention deficit disorder, residual type. Psychiatry Res. 1983;9(4):329–36. [PubMed: 6359210]
    126. Werry JS, Aman MG, Lampen E Haloperidol and methylphenidate in hyperactive children. Acta Paedopsychiatr. 1976;42(1):26–40. [PubMed: 775883]
    127. Whitehead PL, Clark LD Effect of lithium carbonate, placebo, and thioridazine on hyperactive children. Am J Psychiatry. 1970;127(6):824–5. [PubMed: 5482878]
    128. Wilkison PC, Kircher JC, McMahon WM, Sloane HN Effects of methylphenidate on reward strength in boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1995;34(7):897–901. [PubMed: 7649960]
    129. Wolraich M, Drummond T, Salomon MK, O'Brien ML, Sivage C Effects of methylphenidate alone and in combination with behavior modification procedures on the behavior and academic performance of hyperactive children. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1978;6(1):149–61. [PubMed: 632455]
    130. Wood DR, Reimherr FW, Wender PH Amino acid precursors for the treatment of attention deficit disorder, residual type. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1985;21(1):146–9. [PubMed: 3885291]
    131. Wood DR, Reimherr FW, Wender PH, Johnson GE Diagnosis and treatment of minimal brain dysfunction in adults: A preliminary report. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1976;33(12):1453–60. [PubMed: 793563]
    132. Zahn TP, Rapoport JL, Thompson CL Autonomic and behavioral effects of dextroamphetamine and placebo in normal and hyperactive prepubertal boys. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1980;8(2):145–60. [PubMed: 6995513]
    133. Zametkin AJ, Karoum F, Rapoport JL Treatment of hyperactive children with d-phenylalanine. Am J Psychiatry. 1987;144(6):792–4. [PubMed: 3296793]
    134. Zametkin AJ, Karoum F, Linnoila M, Rapoport JL, Brown GL, Chuang LW, Wyatt RJ Stimulants, urinary catecholamines, and indoleamines in hyperactivity. A comparison of methylphenidate and dextroamphetamine. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985;42(3):251–5. [PubMed: 2579615]
    135. Zeiner P Body growth and cardiovascular function after extended treatment (1.75 years) with methylphenidate in boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 1995;5(2):129–38.

    Not Question of Interest

    1. Aman MG, Kern RA, McGhee DE, Arnold LE Fenfluramine and methylphenidate in children with mental retardation and ADHD: Clinical and side effects. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1993;32(4):851–9. [PubMed: 8340309]
    2. Arnold LE, Clark DL, Sachs LA, Jakim S, Smithies C Vestibular and visual rotational stimulation as treatment for attention deficit and hyperactivity. Am J Occup Ther. 1985;39(2):84–91. [PubMed: 3872075]
    3. Arnold LE, Huestis RD, Wemmer D, Smeltzer DJ Differential effect of amphetamine optical isomers on Bender Gestalt performance of the minimally brain dysfunctioned. J Learn Disabilities. 1978;11(3):127–32. [PubMed: 353207]
    4. Arnold LE, Wender PH, McCloskey K, Snyder SH Levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine: comparative efficacy in the hyperkinetic syndrome. Assessment by target symptoms. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1972;27(6):816–22. [PubMed: 4564954]
    5. Barber MA, Milich R, Welsh R Effects of reinforcement schedule and task difficulty on the performance of attention deficit hyperactivity disordered and control boys. J Clin Child Psychol. 1996;25(1):66–76.
    6. Barkley RA, Guevremont DC, Anastopoulos AD, Fletcher KE A comparison of three family therapy programs for treating family conflicts in adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1992;60(3):450–62. [PubMed: 1619099]
    7. Bloomquist ML, August GJ, Ostrander R Effects of a school-based cognitive-behavioral intervention for ADHD children. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1991;19(5):591–605. [PubMed: 1770187]
    8. Brown RT Impulsivity and psychoeducational intervention in hyperactive children. J Learn Disabilities. 1980;13(5):249–54. [PubMed: 7391686]
    9. Buitelaar JK, van derGaag RJ, Swaab-Barneveld H, Kuiper M Prediction of clinical response to methylphenidate in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1995;34(8):1025–32. [PubMed: 7665441]
    10. David OJ, Hoffman SP, Clark J, Grad G, Sverd J The relationship of hyperactivity to moderately elevated lead levels. Arch Environ Health. 1983;38(6):341–6. [PubMed: 6667034]
    11. Denkowski KM, Denkowski GC Is group progressive relaxation training as effective with hyperactive children as individual EMG biofeedback treatment? Biofeedback Self Regul. 1984;9(3):353–64. [PubMed: 6395905]
    12. Donnelly M, Rapoport JL, Ismond DR Fenfluramine treatment of childhood attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity: A preliminary report. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1986;22(1):152–4. [PubMed: 3523573]
    13. Donnelly M, Rapoport JL, Potter WZ, Oliver J, Keysor CS, Murphy DL Fenfluramine and dextroamphetamine treatment of childhood hyperactivity. Clinical and biochemical findings. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1989;46(3):205–12. [PubMed: 2645848]
    14. Feigin A, Kurlan R, McDermott MP, Beach J, Dimitsopulos T, Brower CA, Chapieski L, Trinidad K, Como P, Jankovic J A controlled trial of deprenyl in children with Tourette's syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Neurology. 1996;46(4):965–8. [PubMed: 8780073]
    15. Firestone P, Davey J, Goodman JT, Peters S The effects of caffeine and methylphenidate on hyperactive children. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry. 1978;17(3):445–56. [PubMed: 690354]
    16. Freibergs V, Douglas VI, Weiss G The effect of chlorpromazine on concept learning in hyperactive children under two conditions of reinforcement. Psychopharmacologia. 1968;13(4):299–310. [PubMed: 4881014]
    17. Garfinkel BD, Webster CD, Sloman L Individual responses to methylphenidate and caffeine in children with minimal brain dysfunction. Can Med Assoc J. 1975;113(8):729–32. [PMC free article: PMC1956621] [PubMed: 803184]
    18. Horn WF, Ialongo N, Popovich S, Peradotto D Behavioral parent training and cognitive-behavioral self-control therapy with ADD-H children: Comparative and combined effects. J Clin Child Psychol. 1987;16(1):57–68.
    19. Hunt RD, Minderaa RB, Cohen DJ Clonidine benefits children with attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity: Report of a double-blind placebo-crossover therapeutic trial. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry. 1985;24(5):617–29. [PubMed: 3900182]
    20. Johnson CR, Handen BL, Lubetsky MJ, Sacco KA Efficacy of methylphenidate and behavioral intervention on classroom behavior in children with ADHD and mental retardation. Behav Modif. 1994;18(4):470–87. [PubMed: 7980374]
    21. Kaplan BJ, McNicol J, Conte RA, Moghadam HK Dietary replacement in preschool-aged hyperactive boys. Pediatrics. 1989;83(1):7–17. [PubMed: 2909977]
    22. Kendall PC, Finch AJJ A cognitive-behavioral treatment for impulsivity: A group comparison study. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1978;46(1):110–8. [PubMed: 342557]
    23. Langer DH, Rapoport JL, Brown GL, Ebert MH, Bunney WEJ Behavioral effects of carbidopa/levodopa in hyperactive boys. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry. 1982;21(1):10–8. [PubMed: 7047618]
    24. Nemzer ED, Arnold LE, Votolato NA, McConnell H Amino acid supplementation as therapy for attention deficit disorder. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry. 1986;25(4):509–13. [PubMed: 3528266]
    25. Ortiz deAleman MY, Castanon deMartinez V [Evaluation of different treatment in minimal brain damage]. (Spa). Neurol Neurocir Psiquiatr. 1977;18(1):39–51. [PubMed: 876445]
    26. Pfiffner LJ, McBurnett K Social skills training with parent generalization: Treatment effects for children with attention deficit disorder. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1977;65(5):749–57. [PubMed: 9337494]
    27. Pisterman S, Firestone P, McGrath P, Goodman JT, Webster I, Mallory R, Goffin B The role of parent training in treatment of preschoolers with ADHD. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 1992;62(3):397–408. [PubMed: 1497105]
    28. Schaub JS Hyposensitisation in children with food-induced hyperkinetic syndrome [news] Eur J Pediatr. 1992;151(11):864–5. [PubMed: 1468466]
    29. Schulte-Korne G, Deimel W, Gutenbrunner C, Hennighausen K, Blank R, Rieger C, Remschmidt H [Effect of an oligo-antigen diet on the behavior of hyperkinetic children]. (Ger). Z Kinder Jugenpsychiatr. 1996;24(3):176–83. [PubMed: 9459674]
    30. Silverstein JM, Allison DB The comparative efficacy of antecedent exercise and methylphenidate: A single-case randomized trial. Child Care Health Dev. 1994;20(1):47–60. [PubMed: 8149503]
    31. Tiwary CM, Rosenbloom AL, Robertson MF, Parker JC Effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone in minimal brain dysfunction. Pediatrics. 1975;56(1):119–21. [PMC free article: PMC449715] [PubMed: 808786]
    32. Vitiello B, Hill JL, Elia J, Cunningham E, McLeer SV, Behar D P.r.n. medications in child psychiatric patients: A pilot placebo-controlled study. J Clin Psychiatry. 1991;52(12):499–501. [PubMed: 1752851]
    33. Walters A, Singh N, Beale IL Effects of lorazepam on hyperactivity in retarded children. N Z Med J. 1977;86(600):473–5. [PubMed: 24194]
    34. Wender EH, Solanto MV Effects of sugar on aggressive and inattentive behavior in children with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity and normal children. Pediatrics. 1991;88(5):960–6. [PubMed: 1945637]
    35. Williams JI, Cram DM, Tausig FT, Webster E Relative effects of drugs and diet on hyperactive behaviors: An experimental study. Pediatrics. 1978;61(6):811–7. [PMC free article: PMC449715] [PubMed: 353680]
    36. Zhang H, Huang J [Preliminary study of traditional Chinese medicine treatment of minimal brain dysfunction: Analysis of 100 cases]. (Chi). Chinese J Mod Dev Trad Med. 1990;10(5):278–9. [PubMed: 2397543]

    Stimulant vs. Placebo ONLY

    1. Abikoff H, Gittelman R Hyperactive children treated with stimulants. Is cognitive training a useful adjunct? Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985;42(10):953–61. [PubMed: 2864027]
    2. Alexandris A, Lundell FW Effect of thioridazine, amphetamine and placebo on the hyperkinetic syndrome and cognitive area in mentally deficient children. Can Med Assoc J. 1968;98(2):92–6. [PMC free article: PMC1923743] [PubMed: 4864657]
    3. Aman MG, Werry JS The effects of methylphenidate and haloperidol on the heart rate and blood pressure of hyperactive children with special reference to time of action. Psychopharmacologia. 1975;43(2):163–8. [PubMed: 1103207]
    4. Aman MG, Mitchell EA, Turbott SH The effects of essential fatty acid supplementation by Efamol in hyperactive children. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1987;15(1):75–90. [PubMed: 3553274]
    5. Anderson EE, Clement PW, Oettinger LJ Methylphenidate compared with behavioral self-control in attention deficit disorder: Preliminary report. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1981;2(4):137–41. [PubMed: 7320203]
    6. Arnold LE, Christopher J, Huestis RD, Smeltzer DJ Megavitamins for minimal brain dysfunction. A placebo-controlled study. JAMA. 1978;240(24):2642–3. [PubMed: 712981]
    7. Barkley RA Hyperactive girls and boys: Stimulant drug effects on mother-child interactions [published erratum appears in J Child Psychol Psychiatry 1993 Mar;34(3):437] J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1989;30(3):379–90. [PubMed: 2663900]
    8. Barkley RA, Cunningham CE The effects of methylphenidate on the mother-child interactions of hyperactive children. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1979;36(2):201–8. [PubMed: 369470]
    9. Barkley RA, DuPaul GJ, McMurray MB Attention deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity: Clinical response to three dose levels of methylphenidate. Pediatrics. 1991;87(4):519–31. [PubMed: 2011430]
    10. Barkley RA, Karlsson J, Pollard S, Murphy JV Developmental changes in the mother-child interactions of hyperactive boys: Effects of two dose levels of Ritalin. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1985;26(5):705–15. [PubMed: 3900116]
    11. Barkley RA, Koplowitz S, Anderson T, McMurray MB Sense of time in children with ADHD: Effects of duration, distraction, and stimulant medication. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 1997;3(4):359–69. [PubMed: 9260445]
    12. Barkley RA, McMurray MB, Edelbrock CS, Robbins K The response of aggressive and nonaggressive ADHD children to two doses of methylphenidate. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1989;28(6):873–81. [PubMed: 2808257]
    13. Beal D, Gillis JS Methylphenidate hydrochloride and judgmental behavior in hyperkinetic children. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 1979;26(6):931–9.
    14. Brown RT, Sexson SB Effects of methylphenidate on cardiovascular responses in attention deficit hyperactivity disordered adolescents. J Adolesc Health Care. 1989;10(3):179–83. [PubMed: 2715089]
    15. Brown RT, Sleator EK Methylphenidate in hyperkinetic children: Differences in dose effects on impulsive behavior. Pediatrics. 1979;64(4):408–11. [PubMed: 492804]
    16. Brown RT, Wynne ME, Slimmer LW Attention deficit disorder and the effect of methylphenidate on attention, behavioral, and cardiovascular functioning. J Clin Psychiatry. 1984;45(11):473–6. [PubMed: 6386794]
    17. Brown RT, Jaffe SL, Silverstein J, Magee H Methylphenidate and hospitalized adolescents with conduct disorder: Dose effects on classroom behavior, academic performance, and impulsivity. J Youth Adolesc. 1991;20(5):501–18. [PubMed: 24263522]
    18. Buhrmester D, Whalen CK, Henker B, MacDonald V, Hinshaw SP Prosocial behavior in hyperactive boys: Effects of stimulant medication and comparison with normal boys. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1992;20(1):103–21. [PubMed: 1548391]
    19. Butter HJ, Lapierre YD The effect of methylphenidate on sensory perception and integration in hyperactive children. Int Pharmacopsychiatry. 1974;9(4):235–44. [PubMed: 4616915]
    20. Butter HJ, Lapierre Y, Firestone P, Blank A A comparative study of the efficacy of ACTH 4-9 analog, methylphenidate, and placebo on attention deficit disorder with hyperkinesis. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1983;3(4):226–30. [PubMed: 6309918]
    21. Butter HJ, Lapierre Y, Firestone P, Blank A Efficacy of ACTH 4-9 analog, methylphenidate, and placebo on attention deficit disorder with hyperkinesis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 1984;8(4-6):661–4. [PubMed: 6099589]
    22. Campbell L, Malone MA, Kershner JR, Roberts W, Humphries T, Logan WJ Methylphenidate slows right hemisphere processing in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 1996;6(4):229–39. [PubMed: 9231316]
    23. Carlson CL, Pelham WE Jr, Milich R, Hoza B ADHD boys' performance and attributions following success and failure: Drug effects and individual differences. Cognitive Ther Res. 1993;17(3):269–87.
    24. Carter CM, Urbanowicz M, Hemsley R, Mantilla L, Strobel S, Graham PJ, Taylor E Effects of a few food diet in attention deficit disorder. Arch Dis Child. 1993;69(5):564–8. [PMC free article: PMC1029619] [PubMed: 8257176]
    25. Casat CD, Pleasants DZ, Schroeder DH, Parler DW Bupropion in children with attention deficit disorder. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1989;25(2):198–201. [PubMed: 2513592]
    26. Claghorn J, Neblett C, Sutter E, Farrell G, Kraft I The effect of drugs on hyperactivity in children with some observations of changes in mineral metabolism. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1971;153(2):118–25. [PubMed: 4941954]
    27. Clay TH, Gualtieri CT, Evans RW, Gullion CM Clinical and neuropsychological effects of the novel antidepressant bupropion. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1988;24(1):143–8. [PubMed: 3133717]
    28. Cohen ML, Kelly PC, Atkinson AW Parent, teacher, child. A trilateral approach to attention deficit disorder. Am J Dis Child. 1989;143(10):1229–33. [PubMed: 2801667]
    29. Cohen NJ, Douglas VI, Morgenstern G The effect of methylphenidate on attentive behavior and autonomic activity in hyperactive children. Psychopharmacologia. 1971;22(3):282–94. [PubMed: 4943560]
    30. Coleman M, Steinberg G, Tippett J, Bhagavan HN, Coursin DB, Gross M, Lewis C, DeVeau, L A preliminary study of the effect of pyridoxine administration in a subgroup of hyperkinetic children: A double-blind crossover comparison with methylphenidate. Biol Psychiatry. 1979;14(5):741–51. [PubMed: 497303]
    31. Collier SJ Effects of parent training on children's attention deficit disorder: A comparative outcome study. Diss Abstr Int. 1990;50(8-B):–.
    32. Conners CK, Casat CD, Gualtieri CT, Weller E, Reader M, Reiss A, Weller RA, Khayrallah M, Ascher J Bupropion hydrochloride in attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996;35(10):1314–21. [PubMed: 8885585]
    33. Cotton MF, Rothberg AD Methylphenidate v. placebo- a randomised double-blind crossover study in children with the attention deficit disorder. S Afr Med J. 1988;74(6):268–71. [PubMed: 3047886]
    34. Cunningham CE, Bremner R, Boyle M Large group community-based parenting programs for families of preschoolers at risk for disruptive behaviour disorders: Utilization, cost effectiveness, and outcome. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1995;36(7):1141–59. [PubMed: 8847377]
    35. Cunningham CE, Siegel LS, Offord DR A developmental dose-response analysis of the effects of methylphenidate on the peer interactions of attention deficit disordered boys. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1985;26(6):955–71. [PubMed: 4066819]
    36. Cunningham CE, Siegel LS, Offord DR A dose-response analysis of the effects of methylphenidate on the peer interactions and simulated classroom performance of ADD children with and without conduct problems. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1991;32(3):439–52. [PubMed: 2061364]
    37. de Sonneville LM, Njiokiktjien C, Bos H Methylphenidate and information processing. Part 1: Differentiation between responders and nonresponders; Part 2: Efficacy in responders. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 1994;16(6):877–97. [PubMed: 7890822]
    38. de Sonneville LM, Njiokiktjien C, Hilhorst RC Methylphenidate-induced changes in ADHD information processors. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1991;32(2):285–95. [PubMed: 2033109]
    39. Denkowski KM, Denkowski GC, Omizo MM The effects of EMG-assisted relaxation training on the academic performance, locus of control, and self-esteem of hyperactive boys. Biofeedback Self Regul. 1983;8(3):363–75. [PubMed: 6367832]
    40. DiTraglia J Methylphenidate protocol: Feasibility in a pediatric practice [see comments] Clin Pediatr. 1991;30(12):656–60. [PubMed: 1764872]
    41. Douglas VI, Barr RG, Amin K, O'Neill ME, Britton BG Dosage effects and individual responsivity to methylphenidate in attention deficit disorder. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1988;29(4):453–75. [PubMed: 3063718]
    42. Douglas VI, Barr RG, Desilets J, Sherman E Do high doses of stimulants impair flexible thinking in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder? J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1995;34(7):877–85. [PubMed: 7649958]
    43. Douglas VI, Barr RG, O'Neill ME, Britton BG Short term effects of methylphenidate on the cognitive, learning and academic performance of children with attention deficit disorder in the laboratory and the classroom. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1986;27(2):191–211. [PubMed: 3514644]
    44. Dubey DR, O'Leary SG, Kaufman KF Training parents of hyperactive children in child management: A comparative outcome study. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1983;11(2):229–45. [PubMed: 6619436]
    45. DuPaul GJ, Rapport MD Does methylphenidate normalize the classroom performance of children with attention deficit disorder? J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1993;32(1):190–8. [PubMed: 8428871]
    46. DuPaul GJ, Barkley RA, McMurray MB Response of children with ADHD to methylphenidate: interaction with internalizing symptoms. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1994;33(6):894–903. [PubMed: 8083147]
    47. DuPaul GJ, Rapport MD, Vyse SA ADHD and methylphenidate responders: Effects on behavior controlled by complex reinforcement schedules. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 1988;3(4):349–61. [PubMed: 3235820]
    48. Egger J, Carter CM, Graham PJ, Gumley D, Soothill JF Controlled trial of oligoantigenic treatment in the hyperkinetic syndrome. Lancet. 1985;1(8428):540–5. [PubMed: 2857900]
    49. Evans RW, Gualtieri CT, Amara I Methylphenidate and memory: Dissociated effects in hyperactive children. Psychopharmacology. 1986;90(2):211–6. [PubMed: 3097701]
    50. Evans SW, Pelham WE Psychostimulant effects on academic and behavioral measures for ADHD junior high school students in a lecture format classroom. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1991;19(5):537–52. [PubMed: 1770184]
    51. Fiedler NL, Ullman DG The effects of stimulant drugs on curiosity behaviors of hyperactive boys. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1983;11(2):193–206. [PubMed: 6619433]
    52. Forness SR, Cantwell DP, Swanson JM, Hanna GL, Youpa D Differential effects of stimulant medication on reading performance of boys with hyperactivity with and without conduct disorder. J Learn Disabilities. 1991;24(5):304–10. [PubMed: 2045727]
    53. Forness SR, Swanson JM, Cantwell DP, Youpa D, Hanna GL Stimulant medication and reading performance: Follow-up on sustained dose in ADHD boys with and without conduct disorders. J Learn Disabilities. 1992;25(2):115–23. [PubMed: 1583417]
    54. Gadow KD, Nolan EE, Sverd J, Sprafkin J, Paolicelli L Methylphenidate in aggressive-hyperactive boys: I. Effects on peer aggression in public school settings. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1990;29(5):710–8. [PubMed: 2228923]
    55. Garfinkel BD, Webster CD, Sloman L Methylphenidate and caffeine in the treatment of children with minimal brain dysfunction. Am J Psychiatry. 1975;132(7):723–8. [PubMed: 1094842]
    56. Garfinkel BD, Brown WA, Klee SH, Braden W Neuroendocrine and cognitive responses to amphetamine in adolescents with a history of attention deficit disorder. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry. 1986;25(4):503–8. [PubMed: 3745731]
    57. Ghose K L-Tryptophan in hyperactive child syndrome associated with epilepsy: A controlled study. Neuropsychobiology. 1983;10(2-3):111–4. [PubMed: 6425713]
    58. Gomez R, Sanson AV Effects of experimenter and mother presence on the attentional performance and activity of hyperactive boys. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1994;22(5):517–29. [PubMed: 7822626]
    59. Hall CW, Kataria S Effects of two treatment techniques on delay and vigilance tasks with attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) children. J Psychol. 1992;126(1):17–25. [PubMed: 1602426]
    60. Halliday R, Callaway E, Rosenthal JH The visual ERP predicts clinical response to methylphenidate in hyperactive children. Psychophysiology. 1984;21(1):114–21. [PubMed: 6366860]
    61. Halperin JM, Gittelman R, Katz S, Struve FA Relationship between stimulant effect, electroencephalogram, and clinical neurological findings in hyperactive children. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry. 1986;25(6):820–5. [PubMed: 3540074]
    62. Handen BL, Breaux AM, Gosling A, Ploof DL, Feldman H Efficacy of methylphenidate among mentally retarded children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [see comments] Pediatrics. 1990;86(6):922–30. [PubMed: 2135682]
    63. Handen BL, Janosky J, McAuliffe S, Breaux AM, Feldman H Prediction of response to methylphenidate among children with ADHD and mental retardation. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1994;33(8):1185–93. [PubMed: 7982869]
    64. Harley JP, Matthews CG, Eichman P Synthetic food colors and hyperactivity in children: A double-blind challenge experiment. Pediatrics. 1978;62(6):975–83. [PubMed: 366539]
    65. Harley JP, Ray RS, Tomasi L, Eichman PL, Matthews CG, Chun R, Cleeland CS, Traisman E Hyperkinesis and food additives: Testing the Feingold hypothesis. Pediatrics. 1978;61(6):818–28. [PMC free article: PMC449715] [PubMed: 353681]
    66. Haslam RH Is there a role for megavitamin therapy in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder? Adv Neurol. 1992;58:303–10. [PubMed: 1414636]
    67. Haslam RH, Dalby JT, Rademaker AW Effects of megavitamin therapy on children with attention deficit disorders. Pediatrics. 1984;74(1):103–11. [PubMed: 6234505]
    68. Henker B, Whalen CK, Collins BE Double-blind and triple-blind assessments of medication and placebo responses in hyperactive children. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1979;7(1):1–13. [PubMed: 374446]
    69. Hicks RE, Mayo JPJ, Clayton CJ Differential psychopharmacology of methylphenidate and the neuropsychology of childhood hyperactivity. Int J Neurosci. 1989;45(1-2):7–32. [PubMed: 2654045]
    70. Hinshaw SP, Heller T, McHale JP Covert antisocial behavior in boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: External validation and effects of methylphenidate. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1992;60(2):274–81. [PubMed: 1592958]
    71. Hinshaw SP, Henker B, Whalen CK, Erhardt D, Dunnington REJ Aggressive, prosocial, and nonsocial behavior in hyperactive boys: Dose effects of methylphenidate in naturalistic settings. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1989;57(5):636–43. [PubMed: 2794184]
    72. Hunt RD Treatment effects of oral and transdermal clonidine in relation to methylphenidate: An open pilot study in ADD-H. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1987;23(1):111–4. [PubMed: 3602304]
    73. Hunt RD, Minderaa RB, Cohen DJ The therapeutic effect of clonidine in attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity: A comparison with placebo and methylphenidate. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1986;22(1):229–36. [PubMed: 3523578]
    74. Kaplan SL, Busner J, Kupietz S, Wassermann E, Segal B Effects of methylphenidate on adolescents with aggressive conduct disorder and ADHD: A preliminary report. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1990;29(5):719–23. [PubMed: 2228924]
    75. Kelly KL, Rapport MD, DuPaul GJ Attention deficit disorder and methylphenidate: A multi-step analysis of dose-response effects on children's cardiovascular functioning. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 1988;3(2):167–81. [PubMed: 3294285]
    76. Kent JD, Blader JC, Koplewicz HS, Abikoff H, Foley CA Effects of late-afternoon methylphenidate administration on behavior and sleep in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder [see comments] Pediatrics 1995;96(2 Pt 1):320-5. [PubMed: 7630692]
    77. Klein RG, Abikoff H, Klass E, Ganeles D, Seese LM, Pollack S Clinical efficacy of methylphenidate in conduct disorder with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1997;54:1073–80. [PubMed: 9400342]
    78. Klorman R, Brumaghim JT, Fitzpatrick PA, Borgstedt AD Methylphenidate speeds evaluation processes of attention deficit disorder adolescents during a continuous performance test. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1991;19(3):263–83. [PubMed: 1865045]
    79. Klorman R, Brumaghim JT, Fitzpatrick PA, Borgstedt AD Methylphenidate reduces abnormalities of stimulus classification in adolescents with attention deficit disorder. J Abnorm Psychol. 1992;101(1):130–8. [PubMed: 1537959]
    80. Klorman R, Brumaghim JT, Fitzpatrick PA, Borgstedt AD, Strauss J Clinical and cognitive effects of methylphenidate on children with attention deficit disorder as a function of aggression/oppositionality and age. J Abnorm Psychol. 1994;103(2):206–21. [PubMed: 8040490]
    81. Klorman R, Brumaghim JT, Salzman LF, Strauss J, Borgstedt AD, McBride MC, Loeb S Effects of methylphenidate on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder with and without aggressive/noncompliant features. J Abnorm Psychol. 1988;97(4):413–22. [PubMed: 3060506]
    82. Klorman R, Brumaghim JT, Salzman LF, Strauss J, Borgstedt AD, McBride MC, Loeb S Comparative effects of methylphenidate on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder with and without aggressive/noncompliant features. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1989;25(1):109–13. [PubMed: 2772109]
    83. Klorman R, Brumaghim JT, Salzman LF, Strauss J, Borgstedt AD, McBride MC, Loeb S Effects of methylphenidate on processing negativities in patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Psychophysiology. 1990;27(3):328–37. [PubMed: 2236435]
    84. Knights RM, Viets CA Effects of pemoline on hyperactive boys. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1975;3(6):1107–14. [PubMed: 772696]
    85. Krusch DA, Klorman R, Brumaghim JT, Fitzpatrick PA, Borgstedt AD, Strauss J Methylphenidate slows reactions of children with attention deficit disorder during and after an error. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1996;24(5):633–50. [PubMed: 8956088]
    86. Lerer RJ, Lerer MP The effects of methylphenidate on the soft neurological signs of hyperactive children. Pediatrics. 1976;57(4):521–5. [PubMed: 772581]
    87. Lerer RJ, Artner J, Lerer MP Handwriting deficits in children with minimal brain dysfunction: Effects of methylphenidate (Ritalin) and placebo. J Learn Disabilities. 1979;12(7):450–5. [PubMed: 521686]
    88. Levy F, Dumbrell S, Hobbes G, Ryan M, Wilton N, Woodhill JM Hyperkinesis and diet:-A double-blind crossover trial with a tartrazine challenge. Med J Aust. 1978;1(2):61–4. [PubMed: 349320]
    89. Malone MA, Swanson JM Effects of methylphenidate on impulsive responding in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Child Neurol. 1993;8(2):157–63. [PubMed: 8505479]
    90. Malone MA, Couitis J, Kershner JR, Logan WJ Right hemisphere dysfunction and methylphenidate effects in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 1994;4(4):245–53. [PubMed: 9231316]
    91. Mattes JA, Gittelman R Effects of artificial food colorings in children with hyperactive symptoms. A critical review and results of a controlled study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1981;38(6):714–8. [PubMed: 7247635]
    92. McBride MC An individual double-blind crossover trial for assessing methylphenidate response in children with attention deficit disorder [see comments] J Pediatr. 1988;113(1 Pt 1):137–45. [PubMed: 3290413]
    93. Milich R, Carlson CL, Pelham WEJ, Licht BG Effects of methylphenidate on the persistence of ADHD boys following failure experiences. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1991;19(5):519–36. [PubMed: 1770183]
    94. Milich R, Licht BG, Murphy DA, Pelham WE Attention-deficit hyperactivity disordered boys' evaluations of and attributions for task performance on medication versus placebo. J Abnorm Psychol. 1989;98(3):280–4. [PubMed: 2671083]
    95. Millichap JG, Johnson FH Methylphenidate in hyperkinetic behavior: Relation of response to degree of activity and brain damage. In: Conners CK, ed. Clinical use of stimulant drugs in children. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica, 1972; 1974. p. 130-40.
    96. Murphy DA, Pelham WE, Lang AR Aggression in boys with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder: Methylphenidate effects on naturalistically observed aggression, response to provocation, and social information processing. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1992;20(5):451–66. [PubMed: 1487590]
    97. Musten LM, Firestone P, Pisterman S, Bennett S, Mercer J Effects of methylphenidate on preschool children with ADHD: Cognitive and behavioral functions. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36(10):1407–15. [PubMed: 9334554]
    98. O'Toole K, Abramowitz A, Morris R, Dulcan M Effects of methylphenidate on attention and nonverbal learning in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36(4):531–8. [PubMed: 9100428]
    99. Page JG, Bernstein JE, Janicki RS, Michelli FA A multi-clinic trial of pemoline in childhood hyperkinesis. In: Conners CK, ed. Clinical use of stimulant drugs in children. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica, 1972; 1974. p. 98-124.
    100. Pelham WE, Bender ME, Caddell J, Booth S, Moorer SH Methylphenidate and children with attention deficit disorder. Dose effects on classroom academic and social behavior. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985;42(10):948–52. [PubMed: 3899046]
    101. Pelham WE, Hoza B, Kipp HL, Gnagy EM, Trane ST Effects of methylphenidate and expectancy of ADHD children's performance, self-evaluations, persistence, and attributions on a cognitive task. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 1997;5(1):3–13. [PubMed: 9234034]
    102. Pelham WEJ, McBurnett K, Harper GW, Milich R, Murphy DA, Clinton J, Thiele C Methylphenidate and baseball playing in ADHD children: Who's on first? J Consult Clin Psychol. 1990;58(1):130–3. [PubMed: 2319047]
    103. Pelham WE, Murphy DA, Vannatta K, Milich R, Licht BG, Gnagy EM, Greenslade KE, Greiner AR, Vodde-Hamilton M Methylphenidate and attributions in boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1992;60(2):282–92. [PubMed: 1592959]
    104. Pelham WEJ, Walker JL, Sturges J, Hoza J Comparative effects of methylphenidate on ADD girls and ADD boys. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1989;28(5):773–6. [PubMed: 2676966]
    105. Pisterman S, McGrath P, Firestone P, Goodman JT, Webster I, Mallory R Outcome of parent-mediated treatment of preschoolers with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1989;57(5):628–35. [PubMed: 2794183]
    106. Pliszka SR Effect of anxiety on cognition, behavior, and stimulant response in ADHD. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1989;28(6):882–7. [PubMed: 2808258]
    107. Rapoport JL, Buchsbaum MS, Weingartner H, Zahn TP, Ludlow C, Mikkelsen EJ Dextroamphetamine. Its cognitive and behavioral effects in normal and hyperactive boys and normal men. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1980;37(8):933–43. [PubMed: 7406657]
    108. Rapport MD, Denney C Titrating methylphenidate in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Is body mass predictive of clinical response? J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36(4):523–30. [PubMed: 9100427]
    109. Rapport MD, DuPaul GJ Hyperactivity and methylphenidate: Rate-dependent effects on attention. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 1986;1(1):45–52. [PubMed: 3549871]
    110. Rapport MD, DuPaul GJ Methylphenidate: Rate-dependent effects on hyperactivity. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1986;22(1):223–8. [PubMed: 3523577]
    111. Rapport MD, DuPaul GJ, Smith NF Rate-dependency and hyperactivity: Methylphenidate effects on operant responding. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1985;23(1):77–83. [PubMed: 4034622]
    112. Rapport MD, Denney C, DuPaul GJ, Gardner MJ Attention deficit disorder and methylphenidate: Normalization rates, clinical effectiveness, and response prediction in 76 children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1994;33(6):882–93. [PubMed: 8083146]
    113. Rapport MD, DuPaul GJ, Stoner G, Birmingham BK, Masse G Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity: Differential effects of methylphenidate on impulsivity. Pediatrics. 1985;76(6):938–43. [PubMed: 4069863]
    114. Rapport MD, DuPaul GJ, Stoner G, Jones TJ Comparing classroom and clinic measures of attention deficit disorder: Differential, idiosyncratic, and dose-response effects of methylphenidate. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1986;54(3):334–41. [PubMed: 3522683]
    115. Rapport MD, Jones JT, DuPaul GJ, Kelly KL Attention deficit disorder and methylphenidate: Group and single-subject analyses of dose effects on attention in clinic and classroom settings. J Clin Child Psychol. 1987;16(4):329–38.
    116. Rapport MD, Quinn SO, DuPaul GJ, Quinn EP, Kelly KL Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity and methylphenidate: The effects of dose and mastery level on children's learning performance. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1989;17(6):669–89. [PubMed: 2607058]
    117. Rapport MD, Stoner G, DuPaul GJ, Birmingham BK, Tucker S Methylphenidate in hyperactive children: Differential effects of dose on academic, learning, and social behavior. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1985;13(2):227–43. [PubMed: 3891813]
    118. Rossel E [Attention in hyperkinetic children: A signal detection analysis of the effect of methylphenidate]. (Ger). Z Kinder Jugenpsychiatr. 1987;15(1):6–17. [PubMed: 3554818]
    119. Saletu B, Saletu M, Simeon J, Viamontes G, Itil TM Comparative symptomatological and evoked potential studies with d-amphetamine, thioridazine, and placebo in hyperkinetic children. Biol Psychiatry. 1975;10(3):253–75. [PubMed: 1095081]
    120. Shaywitz BA, Shaywitz SE, Sebrechts MM, Anderson GM, Cohen DJ, Jatlow P, Young JG Growth hormone and prolactin response to methylphenidate in children with attention deficit disorder. Life Sci. 1990;46(9):625–33. [PubMed: 2308471]
    121. Shaywitz BA, Sullivan CM, Anderson GM, Gillespie SM, Sullivan B, Shaywitz SE Aspartame, behavior, and cognitive function in children with attention deficit disorder [see comments] Pediatrics. 1994;93(1):70–5. [PubMed: 7505423]
    122. Shekim WO, Bylund DB, Hodges K, Glaser R, Ray-Prenger C, Oetting G Platelet alpha 2-adrenergic receptor binding and the effects of d-amphetamine in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Neuropsychobiology. 1994;29(3):120–4. [PubMed: 8022532]
    123. Solanto MV The effects of reinforcement and response-cost on a delayed response task in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A research note. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1990;31(5):803–8. [PubMed: 2398122]
    124. Solanto MV, Wender EH Does methylphenidate constrict cognitive functioning? [published erratum appears in J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1990 Jan; 29(1): 156] J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1989;28(6):897–902. [PubMed: 2808260]
    125. Sprafkin J, Gadow KD Double-blind versus open evaluations of stimulant drug response in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 1996;6(4):215–28. [PubMed: 9231315]
    126. Stoner G, Carey SP, Ikeda MJ, Shinn MR The utility of curriculum-based measurement for evaluating the effects of methylphenidate on academic performance. J Appl Behav Anal. 1994;27(1):101–13. [PMC free article: PMC1297780] [PubMed: 8188554]
    127. Strayhorn JM, Weidman CS Reduction of attention deficit and internalizing symptoms in preschoolers through parent-child interaction training [published erratum appears in J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1990 Mar;29(2):314] J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1989;28(6):888–96. [PubMed: 2808259]
    128. Strayhorn JM, Weidman CS Follow-up one year after parent-child interaction training: Effects on behavior of preschool children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1991;30(1):138–43. [PubMed: 2005049]
    129. Sunohara GA, Voros JG, Malone MA, Taylor MJ Effects of methylphenidate in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A comparison of event-related potentials between medication responders and non-responders. Int J Psychophysiol. 1997;27(1):9–14. [PubMed: 9161888]
    130. Sverd J, Gadow KD, Paolicelli LM Methylphenidate treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in boys with Tourette's syndrome. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1989;28(4):574–9. [PubMed: 2768152]
    131. Swanson JM, Sandman CA, Deutsch C, Baren M Methylphenidate hydrochloride given with or before breakfast: I. Behavioral, cognitive, and electrophysiologic effects. Pediatrics. 1983;72(1):49–55. [PMC free article: PMC155650] [PubMed: 6866591]
    132. Sykes DH, Douglas VI, Morgenstern G The effect of methylphenidate (ritalin) on sustained attention in hyperactive children. Psychopharmacologia. 1972;25(3):262–74. [PubMed: 4557941]
    133. Sykes DH, Douglas VI, Weiss G, Minde KK Attention in hyperactive children and the effect of methylphenidate (ritalin). J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1971;12(2):129–39. [PubMed: 4935554]
    134. Syrigou-Papavasiliou A, Lycaki H, LeWitt PA, Verma NP, Spivak D, Chayasirisobhon S Dose-response effects of chronic methylphenidate administration on late event-related potentials in attention deficit disorder. Clin Electroencephalogr. 1988;19(3):129–33. [PubMed: 3416497]
    135. Tannock R, Schachar R Methylphenidate and cognitive perseveration in hyperactive children. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1992;33(7):1217–28. [PubMed: 1400703]
    136. Tannock R, Ickowicz A, Schachar R Differential effects of methylphenidate on working memory in ADHD children with and without comorbid anxiety. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1995;34(7):886–96. [PubMed: 7649959]
    137. Tannock R, Schachar R, Logan G Methylphenidate and cognitive flexibility: Dissociated dose effects in hyperactive children. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1995;23(2):235–66. [PubMed: 7642836]
    138. Tannock R, Fine J, Heintz T, Schachar RJ A linguistic approach detects stimulant effects in two children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 1995;5(3):177–89.
    139. Tannock R, Schachar RJ, Carr RP, Logan GD Dose-response effects of methylphenidate on academic performance and overt behavior in hyperactive children. Pediatrics. 1989;84(4):648–57. [PubMed: 2780127]
    140. Tannock R, Schachar RJ, Carr RP, Chajczyk D, Logan GD Effects of methylphenidate on inhibitory control in hyperactive children [published erratum appears in J Abnorm Child Psychol 1990 Feb;18(1):119] J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1989;17(5):473–91. [PubMed: 2681316]
    141. Taylor MJ, Voros JG, Logan WJ, Malone MA Changes in event-related potentials with stimulant medication in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychol. 1993;36(3):139–56. [PubMed: 8260563]
    142. Tirosh E, Elhasid R, Kamah SC, Cohen A Predictive value of placebo methylphenidate. Pediatr Neurol. 1993;9(2):131–3. [PubMed: 8499043]
    143. Urman R, Ickowicz A, Fulford P, Tannock R An exaggerated cardiovascular response to methylphenidate in ADHD children with anxiety. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 1995;5(1):29–37.
    144. Varley CK Effects of methylphenidate in adolescents with attention deficit disorder. J Am Acad Child Psychiatr. 1983;22(4):351–4. [PubMed: 6875130]
    145. Varley CK, Trupin EW Double-blind assessment of stimulant medication for attention deficit disorder: A model for clinical application. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 1983;53(3):542–7. [PubMed: 6349375]
    146. Verbaten MN, Overtoom CC, Koelega HS, Swaab-Barneveld H, van derGaag RJ, Buitelaar J, van Engeland H Methylphenidate influences on both early and late ERP waves of ADHD children in a continuous performance test. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1994;22(5):561–78. [PubMed: 7822629]
    147. Vyse SA, Rapport MD The effects of methylphenidate on learning in children with ADHD: The stimulus equivalence paradigm. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1989;57(3):425–35. [PubMed: 2661612]
    148. Wallace AE, Kofoed LL Statistical analysis of single case studies in the clinical setting: The example of methylphenidate trials in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 1994;4(3):141–50.
    149. Wallander JL, Schroeder SR, Michelli JA, Gualtieri CT Classroom social interactions of attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity children as a function of stimulant medication. J Pediatr Psychol. 1987;12(1):61–76. [PubMed: 3553519]
    150. Weiss G, Minde K, Douglas V, Werry J, Sykes D Comparison of the effects of chlorpromazine, dextroamphetamine and methylphenidate on the behaviour and intellectual functioning of hyperactive children. Can Med Assoc J. 1971;104(1):20–5. [PMC free article: PMC1930823] [PubMed: 5540117]
    151. Weiss RE, Stein MA, Refetoff S Behavioral effects of liothyronine (L-T3) in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the presence and absence of resistance to thyroid hormone. Thyroid. 1997;7(3):389–93. [PubMed: 9226208]
    152. Weizman A, Weitz R, Szekely GA, et al Combination of neuroleptic and stimulant treatment in attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry. 1984;23(3):295–8. [PubMed: 6145738]
    153. Werry JS, Aman MG Methylphenidate and haloperidol in children. Effects on attention, memory, and activity. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1975;32(6):790–5. [PubMed: 1093506]
    154. Whalen CK, Henker B, Granger DA Social judgment processes in hyperactive boys: Effects of methylphenidate and comparisons with normal peers. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1990;18(3):297–316. [PubMed: 2198308]
    155. Whalen CK, Henker B, Buhrmester D, Hinshaw SP, Huber A, Laski K Does stimulant medication improve the peer status of hyperactive children? J Consult Clin Psychol. 1989;57(4):545–9. [PubMed: 2768616]
    156. Whalen CK, Henker B, Hinshaw SP, Heller T, Huber-Dressler A Messages of medication: Effects of actual versus informed medication status on hyperactive boys' expectancies and self-evaluations. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1991;59(4):602–6. [PubMed: 1918565]
    157. Whalen CK, Henker B, Swanson JM, Granger D, Kliewer W, Spencer J Natural social behaviors in hyperactive children: Dose effects of methylphenidate. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1987;55(2):187–93. [PubMed: 3571671]
    158. Winsberg BG, Javitt DC, Silipo GS, Doneshka P Mismatch negativity in hyperactive children: Effects of methylphenidate. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1993;29(2):229–33. [PubMed: 8290670]
    159. Wolraich M, Milich R, Stumbo P, Schultz F Effects of sucrose ingestion on the behavior of hyperactive boys. J Pediatr. 1985;106(4):675–82. [PubMed: 3981325]
    160. Yates A, Gray F, Beutler LE, Sherman DE, Segerstrom EM Effect of negative air ionization on hyperactive and autistic children. Am J Phys Med. 1987;66(5):264–8. [PubMed: 3434628]
    161. Zametkin AJ, Brown GL, Karoum F, Rapoport JL, Langer DH, Chuang LW, Wyatt RJ Urinary phenethylamine response to d-amphetamine in 12 boys with attention deficit disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1984;141(9):1055–8. [PubMed: 6380319]
    162. Zametkin A, Rapoport JL, Murphy DL, Linnoila M, Ismond D Treatment of hyperactive children with monoamine oxidase inhibitors. I. Clinical efficacy. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985;42(10):962–6. [PubMed: 3899047]
    163. Zametkin A, Rapoport JL, Murphy DL, Linnoila M, Karoum F, Potter WZ, Ismond D Treatment of hyperactive children with monoamine oxidase inhibitors. II. Plasma and urinary monoamine findings after treatment. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985;42(10):969–73. [PubMed: 2412521]
    164. Zametkin AJ, Reeves JC, Webster L, Werry JS Promethazine treatment of children with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity-ineffective and unpleasant. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry. 1986;25(6):854–6. [PubMed: 3540075]
    165. Zentall SS, Falkenberg SD, Smith LB Effects of color stimulation and information on the copying performance of attention-problem adolescents. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1985;13(4):501–11. [PubMed: 4078182]

    Other Reasons as Indicated Individually

    1. Friedman R, Dale EP, Wagner JH A long-term comparison of two treatment regimens for minimal brain dysfunction. Drug therapy versus combined therapy. Clin Pediatr. 1973;12(11):666–71. [PubMed: 4759509]

    Reasons If Excluded: Stimulants Not Defined; Improper Randomization

    1. Horn WF, Ialongo NS, Pascoe JM, Greenberg G, Packard T, Lopez M, Wagner A, Puttler L Additive effects of psychostimulants, parent training, and self-control therapy with ADHD children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1991;30(2):233–40. [PubMed: 2016227]

    Reasons If Excluded: No Data Available in the Results Section

    1. Ialongo NS, Horn WF, Pascoe JM, Greenberg G, Packard T, Lopez M, Wagner A, Puttler L The effects of a multimodal intervention with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder children: A 9-month follow-up. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1993;32(1):182–9. [PubMed: 8428870]

    Reasons If Excluded: Same Study as 699; No Data Available in the Results Section

    1. Lewis JA, Young R Deanol and methylphenidate in minimal brain dysfunction. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1975;17(5):534–40. [PubMed: 1092513]

    Reasons If Excluded: Diagnosis Not ADHD

    1. McIntyre HB, Firemark HM, Cho AK, Bodner L, Gomez M Computer analyzed EEG in amphetamine-responsive hyperactive children. Psychiatry Res. 1981;4(2):189–97. [PubMed: 6939009]

    Reasons If Excluded: This is an Evaluation of Outcome Measure, Not Effectiveness of Treatment

    1. Schell RM, Pelham WE, Bender ME, Andree JA The concurrent assessment of behavioral and psychostimulant interventions: A controlled case study. Behav Assess. 1986;8(4):373–84.