Bibliography

Publication Details

    Accepted Articles

    1. Ambrosioni E, Borghi C, Magnani B. The effect of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor zofenopril on mortality and morbidity after anterior myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1995;332(2):80–85. [PubMed: 7990904]
    2. Anderson J L, Lutz J R, Gilbert E M, Sorensen S G, Yanowitz F G, Menlove R L. et al. A randomized trial of low-dose beta-blockade therapy for idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardio. 1985;55(4):p471–5. [PubMed: 2857523]
    3. Andersson B, Hamm C, Persson S, Wikstrom G, Sinagra G, Hjalmarson A. et al. Improved exercise hemodynamic status in dilated cardiomyopathy after beta-adrenergic blockade treatment. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1994;23(6):1397–404. [PubMed: 8176099]
    4. Australia/New Zealand Heart Failure Research Collaborative Group. Randomised, placebo-controlled trial of carvedilol in patients with congestive heart failure due to ischaemic heart disease. Australia/New Zealand Heart Failure Research Collaborative Group. Lancet. 1997;349(9049):p375–80. [PubMed: 9033462]
    5. Ball S G, Hall A S, Mackintosh A F. et al. Effect of ramipril on mortality and morbidity of survivors of acute myocardial infarction with clinical evidence of heart failure. The Acute Infarction Ramipril Efficacy (AIRE) Study Investigators. Lancet. 1993;342(8875):p821–8. [PubMed: 8104270]
    6. Barabino A, Galbariggi G, Pizzorni C. et al. Comparative effects of long-term therapy with captopril and ibopamine in chronic congestive heart failure in old patients. Cardiology. 1991;78:289–296. [PubMed: 1868502]
    7. Bristow M R, Gilbert E M, Abraham W T, Adams K F, Fowler M B, Hershberger R E. et al. Carvedilol produces dose-related improvements in left ventricular function and survival in subjects with chronic heart failure. Circulation. 1996;94:2807–2816. [PubMed: 8941106]
    8. Bristow M R, O'Connell J B, Gilbert E M, French W J, Leatherman G, Kantrowitz N E. et al. Dose-response of chronic beta-blocker treatment in heart failure from either idiopathic dilated or ischemic cardiomyopathy. Bucindolol Investigators. Circulation. 1994;89(4):p1632–42. [PubMed: 7908610]
    9. Brown E J Jr, Chew P H, MacLean A, Gelperin K, Ilgenfritz J P, Blumenthal M. Effects of fosinopril on exercise tolerance and clinical deterioration in patients with chronic congestive heart failure not taking digitalis. Fosinopril Heart Failure Study Group. Am J Cardio. 1995;75(8):p596–600. [PubMed: 7887385]
    10. Bulpitt C J, Fletcher A E, Dossegger L, Neiss A, Nielsen T, Viergutz S. Quality of life in chronic heart failure: cilazapril and captopril versus placebo. Cilazapril-Captopril Multicentre Group. Heart. 1998;79(6):593–8. [PMC free article: PMC1728718] [PubMed: 10078088]
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    12. Captopril-Digoxin Multicenter Research Group. Comparative effects of therapy with captopril and digoxin in patients with mild to moderate heart failure. The Captopril-Digoxin Multicenter Research Group. JAMA. 1988;259(4):539–44. [PubMed: 2447297]
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    14. (CIBIS Investigators and Committees). A randomized trial of beta-blockade in heart failure. The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study (CIBIS). Circulation. 1994;90(4):1765–73. [PubMed: 7923660]
    15. CIBIS-II: The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study II: a randomised trial Lancet. 1999;353(9146):9–13. [PubMed: 10023943]
    16. Cice G, Tagliamonte E, Ferrara L, Iacono A. Efficacy of carvedilol on complex ventricular arrhythmias in dilated cardiomyopathy: double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Eur Heart J. 2000;21(15):1259–64. [PubMed: 10924316]
    17. Cleland J G, Erhardt L, Murray G, Hall A S, Ball S G. Effect of ramipril on morbidity and mode of death among survivors of acute myocardial infarction with clinical evidence of heart failure. A report from the AIRE Study Investigators. Eur Heart J. 1997;18(1):41–51. [PubMed: 9049514]
    18. Cohn J N, Fowler M B, Bristow M R, Colucci W S, Gilbert E M, Kinhal V. et al. Safety and efficacy of carvedilol in severe heart failure. The U.S. Carvedilol Heart Failure Study Group. Journal of Cardiac Failure. 1997;3(3):p173–9. [PubMed: 9330125]
    19. Colucci W S, Packer M, Bristow M R, Gilbert E M, Cohn J N, Fowler M B. et al. Carvedilol inhibits clinical progression in patients with mild symptoms of heart failure. Circulation. 1996;94:280–2806. [PubMed: 8941105]
    20. The CONSENSUS Trial Study Group. Effects of enalapril on mortality in severe congestive heart failure. Results of the Cooperative North Scandinavian Enalapril Survival Study (CONSENSUS). N Engl J Med. 1987;316(23):1429–35. [PubMed: 2883575]
    21. Creager M A, Massie B M, Fascon D P. et al. Acute and long-term effects of Enalapril on the cardiovascular response to exercise and exercise tolerance in patients with congestive heart failure. JACC. 1985;6:163–70. [PubMed: 2989349]
    22. Cucchini F, Compostella L, Papalia D, de Domenico R, Iavernaro A, Zeppellini R. [Chronic treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy by beta blocking agents. Clinical and hemodynamic follow-up]: <Original> Trattamento cronico della cardiomiopatia dilatativa con betabloccanti. Controllo clinico ed emodinamico a distanza. Giornale Italiano Di Cardiologia. 1988;18(10):p835–42. [PubMed: 2907743]
    23. Doughty R N, Whalley G A, Gamble G, MacMahon S, Sharpe N. Effects of carvedilol on left ventricular regional wall motion in patients with heart failure caused by ischemic heart disease. Australia-New Zealand Heart Failure Research Collaborative Group. J Card Fail. 2000;6(1):11–8. [PubMed: 10746814]
    24. Eichhorn EJ, Domanski MJ, Adams K, et al. Effect of beta-blockade on mortality in African-Americans: The beta-blocker evaluation of survival trial. Circulation. 2000;102 (suppl 2)(18).
    25. Eichhorn E J, Heesch C M, Barnett J H, Alvarez L G, Fass S M, Grayburn P A. et al. Effect of metoprolol on myocardial function and energetics in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1994;24(5):1310–20. [PubMed: 7930255]
    26. Erdmann E, Lechat P, Verkenne P, Wiemann H. Results from post-hoc analyses of the CIBIS II trial: effect of bisoprolol in high-risk patient groups with chronic heart failure. Euro J Heart Failure. 2001;3:469–479. [PubMed: 11511434]
    27. Exner D V, Dries D L, Domanski M J, Cohn J N. Lesser response to angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor therapy in black as compared with white patients with left ventricular dysfunction. N Eng J Med. 2001;344(18):1351–7. [PubMed: 11333991]
    28. Exner DV, Dries DL, Domanski MJ, et al. Enalapril therapy and outcome in Black versus White patients enrolled in the studies of left ventricular dysfunction. Circulation. 2000;102(18).
    29. Fisher M L, Gottlieb S S, Plotnick G D, Greenberg N L, Patten R D, Bennett S K. et al. Beneficial effects of metoprolol in heart failure associated with coronary artery disease: a randomized trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1994;23(4):p943–50. [PubMed: 8106700]
    30. Genth-Zotz S, Zotz R J, Sigmund M, Hanrath P, Hartmann D, Bohm M. et al. MIC trial: metoprolol in patients with mild to moderate heart failure: effects on ventricular function and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Eur J Heart Fail. 2000;2(2):p175–81. [PubMed: 10856731]
    31. Ghose J C, Chakraborty S, Mondal M, Bhandari B. Effect of vasodilator therapy on mortality in chronic congestive heart failure. Journal of the Association of Physicians of India. 1993;41(5):p269–71. [PubMed: 8300456]
    32. Gilbert E M, Anderson J L, Deitchman D, Yanowitz F G, O'Connell J B, Renlund D G. et al. Long-term beta-blocker vasodilator therapy improves cardiac function in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: a double-blind, randomized study of bucindolol versus placebo. Am J Med. 1990;88(3):p223–9. [PubMed: 1968710]
    33. Giles T D. Lisinopril Chronic Heart Failure Group. Lisinopril treatment of congestive heart failure-results of a placebo controlled trial. Circulation. 1990;82(suppl 4)::III–323.
    34. Gundersen T, Wiklund I, Swedberg K, Amtorp O, Remes J, Nilsson B. Effects of 12 weeks of ramipril treatment on the quality of life in patients with moderate congestive heart failure: results of a placebo-controlled trial. Ramipril Study Group. Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy. 1995;9(4):p589–94. [PubMed: 8547209]
    35. Gustafsson I, Torppedersen C, Kober L, Gustafsson F, Hildebrandt P. Effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor trandolapril on mortality and morbidity in diabetic patients with left ventricular dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999;34(N1. JUL)::83–89. [PubMed: 10399995]
    36. Hall A S, Murray G D, Ball S G. Follow-up study of patients randomly allocated ramipril or placebo for heart failure after acute myocardial infarction: AIRE Extension (AIREX) Study. Acute Infarction Ramipril Efficacy. Lancet. 1997;349(9064):p1493–7. [PubMed: 9167457]
    37. Herlitz J, Waagstein F, Lindqvist J, Swedberg K, Hjalmarson A. Effect of metoprolol on the prognosis for patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction and indirect signs of congestive heart failure (a subgroup analysis of the Goteborg Metoprolol Trial). Am J Cardio. 1997;80(9B):p40J–44J. [PubMed: 9375949]
    38. Hjalmarson A, Goldstein S, Fagerberg B, Wedel H, Waagstein F, Kjekshus J. et al. Effects of controlled-release metoprolol on total mortality, hospitalizations, and well-being in patients with heart failure: the Metoprolol CR/XL Randomized Intervention Trial in congestive heart failure (MERIT-HF). MERIT-HF Study Group. JAMA. 2000;283(10):p1295–302. [PubMed: 10714728]
    39. Hjalmarson A, Goldstein S, Fagerberg B, Wedel H, Waagstein F, Kjekshus J. et al. Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: Metoprolol CR/XL Randomised Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF). Lancet. 1999;353(9169):2001–2007. [PubMed: 10376614]
    40. Jerie P, Kremer H J, Uhlir O, Widimsky J. [A Czech and Slovak interventional study of spirapril (the CASSIS study). A randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled study in chronic heart failure]: <Original> Ceska a slovenska intervencni studie se spiraprilem (studie CASSIS). Randomizovana, dvojiteslepa, multicentricka studie, kontrolovana aktivne i placebem chronickeho srdecniho selhani. Za resitele studie CASSIS. Vnitrni Lekarstvi. 1997;43(6):p351–8. [PubMed: 9601863]
    41. Keren G, Pardes A, Eschar Y, Koifman B, Scherez J, Geleranter I. et al. One-year clinical and echocardiographic follow-up of patients with congestive cardiomyopathy treated with captopril compared to placebo. Israel Journal of Medical Sciences. 1994;30(1):p90–8. [PubMed: 8138400]
    42. Kjekshus J, Swedberg K. Enalapril for congestive heart failure. Am J Cardio. 1989;63(8):p26D–32D. [PubMed: 2537563]
    43. Kleber FX, Laube A, Osterkorn K, et al. Captopril in mild to moderate heart failure after 18 months: effects on morbidity and mortality. JACC. 1987;9:42A (Abstr).
    44. Kleber F X, Niemoller L, Doering W. Impact of converting enzyme inhibition on progression of chronic heart failure: results of the Munich Mild Heart Failure Trial. British Heart Journal. 1992;67(4):p289–96. [PMC free article: PMC1024835] [PubMed: 1389702]
    45. Kober L, Torp-Pedersen C, Carlsen J E, Bagger H, Eliasen P, Lyngborg K. et al. A clinical trial of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor trandolapril in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Trandolapril Cardiac Evaluation (TRACE) Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1995;333(25):p1670–6. [PubMed: 7477219]
    46. Krum H, Sackner-Bernstein J D, Goldsmith R L, Kukin M L, Schwartz B, Penn J. et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the long-term efficacy of carvedilol in patients with severe chronic heart failure. Circulation. 1995;92(6):p1499–506. [PubMed: 7664433]
    47. Magnani B. Converting enzyme inhibition and heart failure. Am J Med. 1988;84(3A):p87–91. [PubMed: 3064604]
    48. Magnani B, Magelli C. Captopril in mild heart failure: preliminary observations of a long-term, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre trial. Postgraduate Medical Journal. 1986;62(Suppl 1):p153–8. [PubMed: 3534852]
    49. Moye L A, Pfeffer M A, Wun C C, Davis B R, Geltman E, Hayes D. et al. Uniformity of captopril benefit in the SAVE study: Subgroup analysis. Eur Heart J. 1994;15(SUPPL. B)::2–8. [PubMed: 8076658]
    50. Newman T J, Maskin C S, Dennick L G, Meyer J H, Hallows B G, Cooper W H. Effects of captopril on survival in patients with heart failure. Am J Med. 1988;84(3A):p140–4. [PubMed: 3064591]
    51. Packer M, Bristow M R, Cohn J N, Colucci W S, Fowler M B, Gilbert E M. et al. The effect of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. U.S. Carvedilol Heart Failure Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1996;334(21):1349–55. [PubMed: 8614419]
    52. Packer M, Coats A J S, Fowler M B, Katus H A, Krum H, Mohacsi P. et al. Effect of carvedilol on survival in severe chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(22):1651–8. [PubMed: 11386263]
    53. Packer M, Colucci W S, Sackner-Bernstein J D, Liang C S, Goldscher D A, Freeman I. et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of carvedilol in patients with moderate to severe heart failure. The PRECISE Trial. Prospective Randomized Evaluation of Carvedilol on Symptoms and Exercise. Circulation. 1996;94(11):2793–9. [PubMed: 8941104]
    54. Pfeffer M A, Braunwald E, Moye L A, Basta L, Brown E J Jr, Cuddy T E. et al. Effect of captopril on mortality and morbidity in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Results of the survival and ventricular enlargement trial. The SAVE Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1992;327(10):p669–77. [PubMed: 1386652]
    55. Pflugfelder P W, Baird M G, Tonkon M J, DiBianco R, Pitt B. Clinical consequences of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor withdrawal in chronic heart failure: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of quinapril. The Quinapril Heart Failure Trial Investigators. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1993;22(6):1557–63. [PubMed: 8227822]
    56. Pitt B, Yusuf S. (the SOLVD Investigators). Studies of left ventricular dysfunction (SOLVD) subgroup results. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1992;19:215A.
    57. Plehn JF, Krause-Steinrauf H, Anand IS, et al. Effect of race on cause-specific cardiovascular mortality in BEST. Circulation. 2000;102 (suppl 2)(18).
    58. Pouleur H G, Konstam M A, Udelson J E, Rousseau M F. Changes in ventricular volume, wall thickness and wall stress during progression of left ventricular dysfunction. The SOLVD Investigators. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1993;22(4 Suppl A):43A–48A. [PubMed: 8376696]
    59. Sharpe D N, Murphy J, Coxon R. et al. Enalapril in patients with chronic heart failure: a placebo controlled randomized double-blind study. Circulation. 1984;70:271–8. [PubMed: 6329547]
    60. Swedberg K, Kjekshus J. Snapinn SOLVD Long-term survival in severe heart failure in patients treated with enalapril. Ten year follow-up of CONSENSUS I. Eur Heart J. 1999;20(2):p136–9. [PubMed: 10099910]
    61. (The Beta-Blocker Evaluation of Survival Trial Investigators (BEST)). A trial of the beta-blocker bucindolol in patients with advanced chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(22):1659–67. [PubMed: 11386264]
    62. (The RESOLVD Investigators). Effects of metoprolol CR in patients with ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathy: the randomized evaluation of strategies for left ventricular dysfunction pilot study. Circulation. 2000;101(4):p378–84. [PubMed: 10653828]
    63. (The SOLVD Investigators). Effect of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med. 1991;325(5):293–302. [PubMed: 2057034]
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    65. van Veldhuisen D J, Genth-Zotz S, Brouwer J, Boomsma F, Netzer T, Man T, Veld A J. et al. High- versus low-dose ACE inhibition in chronic heart failure: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of imidapril. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998;32(7):p1811–8. [PubMed: 9857856]
    66. Waagstein F, Bristow M R, Swedberg K, Camerini F, Fowler M B, Silver M A. et al. Beneficial effects of metoprolol in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Metoprolol in Dilated Cardiomyopathy (MDC) Trial Study Group. Lancet. 1993;342(8885):p1441–6. [PubMed: 7902479]
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    68. Widimsky J, Kremer H J, Jerie P, Uhlir O. Czech and Slovak spirapril intervention study (CASSIS). A randomized, placebo and active-controlled, double-blind multicentre trial in patients with congestive heart failure. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 1995;49(12):p95–102. [PubMed: 8751029]
    69. Wisenbaugh T, Katz I, Davis J, Essop R, Skoularigis J, Middlemost S. et al. Long-term (3-month) effects of a new beta-blocker (nebivolol) on cardiac performance in dilated cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1993;21(5):1094–100. [PubMed: 8096228]
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    72. Yancy C W, Fowler M B, Colucci W S, Gilbert E M, Bristow M R, Cohn J N. et al. Race and the response to adrenergic blockade with carvedilol in patients with chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(18):1358–65. [PubMed: 11333992]
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    74. Yusuf S, Nicklas J M, Timmis G, Breneman G, Jafri S M, Duvernoy W F C. et al. Effect of enalapril on mortality and the development of heart failure in asymptomatic patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions. The SOLVD Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1992;327(10):685–691. [PubMed: 1463530]

    Rejected Articles

    1. Acanfora D, Lanzillo T, Papa A, Longobardi G, Furgi G, Rengo C. et al. Congestive heart failure in elderly patients: controlled study of delapril versus captopril. Am J Cardiol. 1995;75(18):37F–43F. [PubMed: 7778533]
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    3. Afzal A, Brar J S, Ali A S. et al. Racial differences in patients with chest pain syndrome and abnormal coronary angiogram. Chest. 1997;112:245.
    4. Ajayi A A, Balogun M O, Oyewo E A, Ladipo G O. Enalapril in African patients with congestive cardiac failure. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1989;27(3):p400–3. [PMC free article: PMC1379843] [PubMed: 2541754]
    5. Akinkugbe OO, Nicholson GD, Cruickshank JK. Heart disease in blacks of Africa and the Caribbean. Saunders E. (editor). Cardiovascular Disease in Blacks. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis, 1991:377–91. [PubMed: 2044116]
    6. Alexander M, Grumbach K, Selby J. et al. Hospitalization for congestive heart failure: explaining racial differences. JAMA. 1990;263:2344–6. [PubMed: 7563454]
    7. Ambrosioni E, Borghi C, Magnani B. Survival of myocardial infarction long-term evaluation (SMILE) study: rationale, design, organization, and outcome definitions. Control Clin Trials. 1994;15(3):201–10. [PubMed: 8039405]
    8. Ambrosioni E, Borghi C, Magnani B. The effect of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor zofenopril on mortality and morbidity after anterior myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1995;332(2):80–85. [PubMed: 7990904]
    9. American Heart Association. Heart and Stroke Facts: 1996 Statistical Supplement. Dallas, Texas: American Heart Association, 1996, 15.
    10. Anderson F, Nilsson B, Gundersen T, Swedberg K, Amtorp O, Remes J. The effect on healthcare costs of adding ramipril to conventional therapy for patients with congestive heart failure. Br J Med Econ. 1995;8(3):125–135.
    11. Anderson J L, Lutz J R, Gilbert E M, Sorensen S G, Yanowitz F G, Menlove R L. et al. A randomized trial of low-dose beta-blockade therapy for idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardio. 1985;55(4):p471–5. [PubMed: 2857523]
    12. Andersson B, Hamm C, Persson S, Wikstrom G, Sinagra G, Hjalmarson A. et al. Improved exercise hemodynamic status in dilated cardiomyopathy after beta-adrenergic blockade treatment. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1994;23(6):1397–404. [PubMed: 8176099]
    13. Arcensio S R, Barretto A C, Szambock F, Mady C, Arteaga E, da Luz P L. et al. [Comparative study between ibopamine and captopril in mild and moderate heart failure. A double-blind study] Arq Bras Cardiol. 1994;63(5):409–13. [PubMed: 7611921]
    14. Aronow W S, Ahn C, Kronzon I. Effect of propranolol versus no propranolol on total mortality plus nonfatal myocardial infarction in older patients with prior myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and left ventricular ejection fraction > or = 40% treated with diuretics plus angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Am J Cardio. 1997;80(2):p207–9. [PubMed: 9230162]
    15. Aronow W S, Ahn C, Kronzon J. Congestive heart failure, coronary events and atherothrombotic brain infarction in elderly blacks and whites with systemic hypertension and with and without echocardiographic and eletrocardiographic evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy. Am J Cardiol. 1991;67:295–299. [PubMed: 1825011]
    16. Aronow W S, Greenfield R S, Alimadadian H. et al. Effect of the vasodilator trimazosin vs. placebo on exercise performance in chronic left ventricular failure. Am J Cardiol. 1977;40:789–793. [PubMed: 335867]
    17. Aronow W S, Lurie M, Turbow M. et al. Effect of prazosin vs. placebo on chronic left ventricular heart failure. Circulation. 1979;59:344–350. [PubMed: 365391]
    18. Australia/New Zealand Heart Failure Research Collaborative Group. Randomised, placebo-controlled trial of carvedilol in patients with congestive heart failure due to ischaemic heart disease. Australia/New Zealand Heart Failure Research Collaborative Group. Lancet. 1997;349(9049):375–80. [PubMed: 9033462]
    19. Bakris G L, Weir M R. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-associated elevations in serum creatinine—is this a cause for concern? Arch Int Med. 2000;160(N5):685–693. [PubMed: 10724055]
    20. Ball S G, Hall A S, Mackintosh A F. et al. Effect of ramipril on mortality and morbidity of survivors of acute myocardial infarction with clinical evidence of heart failure. The Acute Infarction Ramipril Efficacy (AIRE) Study Investigators. Lancet. 1993;342(8875):p821–8. [PubMed: 8104270]
    21. Bangdiwala S I, Weiner D H, Bourassa M G, Friesinger G C 2d, Ghali J K, Yusuf S. Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD) Registry: rationale, design, methods and description of baseline characteristics. Am J Cardiol. 1992;70(3):347–53. [PubMed: 1632401]
    22. Barabino A, Galbariggi G, Pizzorni C. et al. Comparative effects of long-term therapy with captopril and ibopamine in chronic congestive heart failure in old patients. Cardiology. 1991;78:289–296. [PubMed: 1868502]
    23. Barr C S, Lang C C, Hanson J, Arnott M, Kennedy N, Struthers A D. Effects of adding spironolactone to an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor in chronic congestive heart failure secondary to coronary artery disease. Am J Cardio. 1995;76(17):1259–1265. [PubMed: 7503007]
    24. Baruch L, Anand I, Cohen I S, Ziesche S, Judd D, Cohn J N. Augmented short- and long-term hemodynamic and hormonal effects of an angiotensin receptor blocker added to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor therapy in patients with heart failure. Vasodilator Heart Failure Trial (V-HeFT) Study Group. Circulation. 1999;99(20):2658–64. [PubMed: 10338459]
    25. Bayliss J, Canepa-Anson R, Norell M, Poole-Wilson P, Sutton G. The renal response to neuroendocrine inhibition in chronic heart failure: double-blind comparison of captopril and prazosin. Eur Heart J. 1986;7(10):877–84. [PubMed: 3539615]
    26. Beermann B, Nyquist O, Hoglund C, Jacobsson K A, Naslund U, Jensen-Urstad M. Acute haemodynamic effects and pharmacokinetics of ramipril in patients with heart failure. A placebo controlled three-dose study. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1993;45(3):241–6. [PubMed: 8276048]
    27. Behrens S, Ney G, Fisher S G, Fletcher R D, Franz M R, Singh S N. Effects of amiodarone on the circadian pattern of sudden cardiac death (Department of Veterans Affairs Congestive Heart Failure-Survival Trial of Antiarrhythmic Therapy). Am J Cardiol. 1997;80(1):45–8. [PubMed: 9205018]
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