ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Guideline Development Group

Kindi Adam (Ministry of Health, Indonesia), Oliver Anene (The Pact, USA), Karen Champenois (Etablissement Public de Santé Maison Blanche, France), Kathleen Charters (University of Liverpool, United Kingdom), Martin Choo (Global Network of People Living with HIV/AIDS, Malaysia), Miriam Franchini (Ministry of Health, Brazil), Rebecca Guy⁺ (Kirby Institute, Australia), Mehdi Karkouri (Association de Lutte Contre le Sida, Morocco), Jane Wanjira Karong'e-Thiomi (LVCT Health, Kenya), Dasha Matyushina-Ocheret (Eurasian Harm Reduction Network, Lithuania), Gertrude Ncube⁺ (Ministry of Health, Zimbabwe), Bathabile Nyathi (Centre for Sexual Health and HIV AIDS Research, Zimbabwe), Sabin Nsanzimana⁺ (Ministry of Health, Rwanda), Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer⁺ (American University of Beirut, Lebanon), Niluka Perera (Youth Voices Count, Thailand), Archana Sankar (MAMTA Health Institute for Mother & Child, India), Jennifer Stuart-Dixson (University of the West Indies, Jamaica), Joseph Tak Fai Lau (Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China), Willem Daniel Francois Venter⁺ (Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute at the University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa) and Vincent Wong⁺ (United States Agency for International Development (USAID), USA).

HIV Self-Testing Technical Working Group

Nicola Desmond (Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Malawi Wellcome Trust, Malawi), Jane Ferguson (London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine – Africa Centre, South Africa), Kimberly Green (PATH, Viet Nam), Karin Hatzold (Population Services International, Zimbabwe), Pham Thi Thu Huong (Ministry of Health, Viet Nam), David Katz (University of Washington, USA), Agnes Kijo (Pan African Harmonization Working Party Secretariat, United Republic of Tanzania), Debbie Lepine (Health Canada, Canada), Robin MacGowan (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), USA), Elizabeth Marum (CDC, USA), Peter Mugo (KEMRI-Wellcome Trust, Kenya), Anthony Nardone (Public Health England, United Kingdom), Zwoitwaho Nevhutalu (South African National AIDS Council, South Africa), Nitika Pant Pai (McGill University, Canada), Trevor Peter (Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI), Botswana), Praphan Phanuphak (Thai Red Cross, Thailand), Thierry Prazuck (Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, France), Alison Rodgers (University College London, United Kingdom), Tanya Shewchuk (Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, USA), Cara Kosack (Médecins Sans Frontières, Netherlands), Miriam Taegtmeyer, Victoria Watson (Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom).

External contributors to the GRADE systematic review

Virginia Fonner (Medical University of South Carolina, USA), Caitlin Kennedy (Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA) and Nandi Siegfried (independent clinical epidemiologist, South Africa).

External contributors to supporting evidence

Florence Anam, Margaret Happy (International Community of Women living with HIV, Kenya), Vendula Blaya-Novàkovà (Regional Department of Health, Community of Madrid, Spain), Valentina Cambiano, Andrew Phillips (University College London, United Kingdom), Niluka Perera (Youth Voices Count, Thailand), Midnight Poonkasetwattana (Asia Pacific Coalition on Male Sexual Health, Thailand), Rebecca Kakembo, Neema Nakyanjo, Fred Nalugoda (Rakai Health Sciences Programme, Uganda), Virginia Burke, Caitlin Kennedy, Caitlin Payne (Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA) and Charles Witzel (Sigma Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom).

Special thanks to all the contributors of the case examples.

External Review Group

Matthew Avery (FHI 360, Thailand), Jared Baeten (University of Washington, USA), Manju Bala (Apex Regional STD Teaching, Training & Research Centre, India), Ruanne Barnabas (University of Washington, USA), Stephanie Behel, Pollyanna Chavez, Cari Courtenay-Quirk, Amy Medley, Bharat Parekh, Amitabh Suthar (CDC, USA), Jacquie Calnan (USAID, USA), Valentina Cambiano, Andrew Phillips (University College London, United Kingdom), Mohamed Chakroun (Fattouma Bourguiba Teaching Hospital, Tunisia), Namwinga Chintu (Society for Family Health, Zambia), Gareth Coats (South African AIDS Trust, South Africa), Julie Denison (Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA), Carol El-Hayek (Burnet Institute, Australia), Tom Ellman (Médecins Sans Frontières, South Africa), Victoria Frye, Leo Wilton (Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, USA), Gitau Mburu (AIDS Alliance, United Kingdom), Kristina Grabbe (Office of the Global AIDS Coordinator, USA), Bernadette Hensen, Melissa Neuman (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom), Yan Jiang (National AIDS Reference Laboratory, China), Chonticha Kittinunvorakoon (CDC, Thailand), Raquel Lima (CDC, Brazil), Sheri Lippman (University of California, USA), Peter MacPherson (Farr Institute, United Kingdom), Keletso Makofane (ANOVA Health, South Africa), Mohammed Majam (Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa), Hendramoorthy Maheswaran (Warwick Medical School, United Kingdom), Guillermo Martínez Pérez (Barcelona Institute of Global Health, Liberia), Christina Mwangi (CDC, Uganda), Sue Napierala Mavedzenge (RTI International, USA), Anna Osborne (CHAI, Zimbabwe), Lilian Otiso (LVCT Health, Kenya), Roger Peck (PATH, USA), Supabhorn Pengnonyang, Nittaya Phanuphak (Thai Red Cross, Thailand), Jillian Sacks (CHAI, USA), Leslie Shanks (Inner City Health Associates, Canada), Petra Stankard (Population Services International, USA), Weiming Tang, Joseph Tucker (University of North Carolina Project-China, China), Madhuri Thakar (National AIDS Research Institute, India), Lara Vojnov (CHAI, United Republic of Tanzania), Samantha Westrop (Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, United Kingdom), Charles Witzel (Sigma Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom) and William Wong (Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China).

Representatives of UN agencies and other partners

Michael Bartos⁺ (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), Zimbabwe), Rosalind Coleman, Peter Godfrey-Faussett (UNAIDS, Switzerland), Vladanka Andreeva (UNAIDS, Thailand), Ade Fakoya, Obinna Onyekwena, Alain Prat⁺ (The Global Fund, Switzerland), Smiljka DeLussigny, Heather Ingold, Robert Matiru, Olawale Olayiwola⁺, Carmen Pérez Casas⁺ (UNITAID, Switzerland), Lisa Nelson (Office of the United States Global AIDS Coordinator, USA), Susan Kasedde, Ravi Bhairavabhotla⁺ and Paul Nary (United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), USA).

World Health Organization Steering Group

WHO Guideline Steering Group core team: Rachel Baggaley, Cheryl Johnson, Carmen Figueroa, Shona Dalal (Department of HIV) and Anita Sands (Department of Essential Medicines and Health Products).

WHO Guideline Steering Group members: Alice Armstrong, Meg Doherty, Daniel Low-Beer, Shaffiq Essajee, Ioannis Mameletzis, Martina Penazzato, Michelle Rodolph, Julie Samuelson, Annette Verster (Department of HIV), David Ross (Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health), Teodora Wi (Department of Reproductive Health and Research), Sarah Hess (Global Hepatitis Programme), Annabel Baddeley (Global TB Programme), Willy Urassa (WHO Prequalification Programme for In Vitro Diagnostics), Freddy Perez, Giovanni Ravasi (WHO Regional Office for the Americas), Nicole Seguy (WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia), Lali Khotenashvili (WHO Regional Office for Europe), Joumana Hermez (WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean), Naoko Ishikawa (WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific), Brian Chirombo (WHO, Kenya), Ishmael Nyasulu (WHO, Malawi), Busisiwe Msimanga-Radebe (WHO, South Africa), Lastone Chitembo (WHO, Zambia) and Simbarashe Mabaya (WHO, Zimbabwe).

World Health Organization staff and consultants

Theresa Babovic, Michel Beusenberg, Jesus Maria Calleja Garcia, Caitlin Payne (Department of HIV), Igor Toskin (Department of Reproductive Health and Research), Phillipa Easterbrook, Stefan Wiktor (Global Hepatitis Programme), Haileyesus Getahun, Avinash Kanchar (Global TB Programme), Mercedes Perez Gonzalez, Mark Lanigan, Robyn Meurant, Irena Prat (WHO Prequalification Programme for In Vitro Diagnostics), Frank Lule, Buhle Ncube (WHO Regional Office for Africa), Razia Pendse, Dongbao Yu (WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia), Lali Khotenashvili (WHO Regional Office for Europe), Joumana Hermez (WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean), Ying Ru-Lo (WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific), Mukta Sharma (WHO, Bangladesh), Leandro Sereno (WHO, Brazil), Po-Lin Chan (WHO, China), Bharat Rewari, Anuj Sharma (WHO, India), Christine Kisia (WHO, Kenya), Ishmael Nyasulu (WHO, Malawi), Augustin Ntilivamunda (WHO, South Africa), Sithembile Slamini-Kqeketo (WHO, Swaziland) and Christine Chiedza Musanhu (WHO, Zimbabwe).

Nadia Hilal McDonald and Valerie Amiel provided WHO administrative support, and Oyuntungalag Namjilsuren provided communication support.

Jura Editorial Services edited the document.

Special thanks to the WHO Guideline Review Committee and the Secretariat Susan Norris and Myriam Felber.

Overall coordination

Rachel Baggaley coordinated the overall guideline development process with Cheryl Johnson, Carmen Figueroa, Shona Dalal and Anita Sands under the supervision of Andrew Ball and Gottfried Hirnschall (WHO Department of HIV).

Funding

UNITAID, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the United States Agency for International Development and the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief provided the funding to support this work, including the systematic reviews of evidence and evidence compilation and the development, editing and printing of the guidelines.