Contents

• THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
• Arthur M. Sackler, M.D. 1913–1987
• Preface to the In the Light of Evolution Series
• Preface to In the Light of Evolution, Volume V: Cooperation and Conflict
• Part I. THE FUNDAMENTALS OF EVOLUTIONARY COOPERATION
  • 1. Expanded Social Fitness and Hamilton's Rule for Kin, Kith, and Kind
    DAVID C. QUELLER.
    • MODELING SOCIAL EFFECTS
    • CAUSALITY
    • PHENOTYPES AND SOCIAL CAUSES
    • KITH SELECTION
    • KIND SELECTION
    • CONCLUSIONS
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
  • 2. Evolutionary Transitions in Bacterial Symbiosis
    JOEL L. SACHS, RYAN G. SKOPHAMMER, and JOHN U. REGUS.
    • ORIGINS OF HOST ASSOCIATION IN BACTERIAL LINEAGES
    • ORIGINS OF BACTERIAL MUTUALISM
    • MAINTENANCE OF BACTERIAL MUTUALISM
    • SYMBIONT CAPTURE
    • BREAKDOWN OF SYMBIOSIS
    • DISCUSSION
    • METHODS
  • 3. Kinship, Greenbeards, and Runaway Social Selection in the Evolution of Social Insect Cooperation
    PETER NONACS.
    • SUCCESSES: BIASED SEX INVESTMENT RATIOS AND PARENTAGE OF MALES THROUGH WORKER POLICING
    • FAILURES: PATRILINE NEPOTISM IN CASTE BIAS AND REPRODUCTIVE SKEW
    • MECHANISMS OF KIN SELECTION
    • SIMULATING DIFFERENT PATHWAYS FOR THE EVOLUTION OF COOPERATION
    • RESULTS
    • DISCUSSION
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
  • 4. Spatiotemporal Environmental Variation, Risk Aversion, and the Evolution of Cooperative Breeding as a Bet-Hedging Strategy
    DUSTIN R. RUBENSTEIN.
    • RESULTS
    • DISCUSSION
    • MATERIALS AND METHODS
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
• Part II. COOPERATION WRIT SMALL: MICROBES
  • 5. Endemic Social Diversity Within Natural Kin Groups of a Cooperative Bacterium
    SUSANNE A. KRAEMER and GREGORY J. VELICER.
    • RESULTS
    • DISCUSSION
    • METHODS
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
  • 6. Evolution of Restraint in a Structured Rock–Paper–Scissors Community
    JOSHUA R. NAHUM, BRITTANY N. HARDING, and BENJAMIN KERR.
    • RESULTS
    • DISCUSSION
    • METHODS
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
  • 7. Social Evolution in Multispecies Biofilms
    SARA MITRI, JOÃO B. XAVIER, and KEVIN R. FOSTER.
    • RESULTS
    • DISCUSSION
    • CONCLUSIONS
    • MATERIALS AND METHODS
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
• Part III. REAL SELFISH (AND COOPERATIVE) GENES
  • 8. Molecular Evolutionary Analyses of Insect Societies
    BRIELLE J. FISCHMAN, S. HOLLIS WOODARD, and GENE E. ROBINSON.
    • CHEMICAL SIGNALING
    • BRAIN DEVELOPMENT AND FUNCTION
    • IMMUNITY
    • REPRODUCTION
    • METABOLISM AND NUTRITION
    • PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
  • 9. Evolution of Cooperation and Control of Cheating in a Social Microbe
    JOAN E. STRASSMANN and DAVID C. QUELLER.
    • COOPERATION IS WIDESPREAD
    • COOPERATION, ORGANISMALITY, AND MAJOR TRANSITIONS IN EVOLUTION
    • LABORATORY-FRIENDLY, SOCIAL MODEL ORGANISMS
    • DICTYOSTELIUM DISCOIDEUM AS A MODEL SYSTEM FOR COOPERATION
    • EVIDENCE FOR CHEATING IN D. DISCOIDEUM
    • CONTROL OF CHEATING
    • CONTROL OF CONFLICT BY POWER
    • SOCIAL GENES, ARMS RACES, AND THE RED QUEEN
    • OTHER ARENAS FOR COOPERATION: MUTUALISMS AND SEX
    • CONCLUSION
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
  • 10. Selfish Genetic Elements, Genetic Conflict, and Evolutionary Innovation
    JOHN H. WERREN.
    • TYPES OF GENETIC CONFLICT
    • TYPES OF SGES AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES
    • CONCLUSIONS
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
• Part IV. SOCIALITY AND MEDICINE
  • 11. The Evolution of Drug Resistance and the Curious Orthodoxy of Aggressive Chemotherapy
    ANDREW F. READ, TROY DAY, and SILVIE HUIJBEN.
    • AIMS OF PATIENT TREATMENT
    • A REAL-WORLD CONTEXT
    • DOUBLE-EDGED SWORD
    • EVIDENCE-BASED RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT
    • HOW TO TREAT PATIENTS?
    • CODA
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
  • 12. Genomic Imprinting and the Evolutionary Psychology of Human Kinship
    DAVID HAIG.
    • ASYMMETRIES OF RELATEDNESS
    • KINSHIP CATEGORIES
    • KITH AND KIN
    • PARTNER CHANGE
    • SEXUAL MATURATION
    • DISCUSSION
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
  • 13. Pathology from Evolutionary Conflict, with a Theory of X Chromosome Versus Autosome Conflict over Sexually Antagonistic Traits
    STEVEN A. FRANK and BERNARD J. CRESPI.
    • MODEL OF OPPOSING FORCES
    • GROWTH PATHOLOGIES: CANCER
    • GROWTH PATHOLOGIES: MORPHOLOGY AND BEHAVIOR
    • CONFLICT BETWEEN THE SEXES
    • SEXUAL ANTAGONISM: A THEORY OF X VERSUS AUTOSOME CONFLICT
    • CONCLUSIONS
    • APPENDIX A. CONFLICT BETWEEN TWO INDIVIDUALS OVER A TRAIT THAT INFLUENCES THE FITNESS OF BOTH PARTIES
    • APPENDIX B. CONFLICT BETWEEN X-LINKED AND AUTOSOMAL GENES OVER A TRAIT WITH DIFFERENT FITNESS CONSEQUENCES IN MALES AND FEMALES
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
• Part V. ARE HUMANS DIFFERENT?
  • 14. Cooperation and Competition in a Cliff-Dwelling People
    BEVERLY I. STRASSMANN.
    • ETHNOGRAPHIC BACKGROUND
    • RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
    • CONCLUSION
    • METHODS
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
  • 15. Extent and Limits of Cooperation in Animals
    DOROTHY L. CHENEY.
    • RECOGNITION OF OTHER ANIMALS' RELATIONSHIPS
    • ATTRIBUTION OF INTENTIONS
    • ATTRIBUTION OF KNOWLEDGE
    • MECHANISMS UNDERLYING COOPERATION
    • COGNITIVE CONSTRAINTS
    • EMOTIONAL CONSTRAINTS
    • MEASURING CONTINGENT COOPERATION
    • DETECTION OF NONCOOPERATORS
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
  • 16. Evolutionary Foundations of Human Prosocial Sentiments
    JOAN B. SILK and BAILEY R. HOUSE.
    • DIMENSIONS OF ALTRUISTIC SOCIAL PREFERENCES IN HUMANS
    • LIMITS ON ALTRUISTIC SOCIAL PREFERENCES IN HUMANS
    • CRITIQUES OF INTERPRETATION OF BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS GAMES
    • MOTIVES UNDERLYING HUMAN ALTRUISM
    • PHYLOGENETIC FOUNDATIONS OF HUMAN ALTRUISM
    • DIMENSIONS OF ALTRUISTIC SOCIAL PREFERENCES IN NONHUMAN PRIMATES
    • GENEROSITY AND PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR IN CHIMPANZEES
    • HELPFUL RESPONSES OF CHIMPANZEES IN OTHER EXPERIMENTAL SETTINGS
    • RECONCILING RESULTS FROM EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR IN CHIMPANZEES
    • PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR IN OTHER PRIMATES
    • PUNISHMENT
    • FAIRNESS
    • CONCLUSIONS
  • 17. The Cultural Niche: Why Social Learning Is Essential for Human Adaptation
    ROBERT BOYD, PETER J. RICHERSON, and JOSEPH HENRICH.
    • CULTURE IS ESSENTIAL FOR HUMAN ADAPTATION
    • CULTURAL ADAPTATION IS A POPULATION PROCESS
    • EVIDENCE FOR CULTURAL ADAPTATION
    • CULTURE AND MALADAPTATION
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
• References

This volume is based on the Arthur M. Sackler Colloquium of the National Academy of Sciences, “Cooperation and Conflict,” held January 7-8, 2011, at the Arnold and Mabel Beckman Center of the National Academies of Sciences and Engineering in Irvine, California.

The articles appearing in these pages were contributed by speakers at the colloquium and have been anonymously reviewed. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this volume are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Academy of Sciences.