Comparative effectiveness research is designed to inform health-care decisions by providing evidence on the effectiveness, benefits, and harms of different treatment options. The evidence is generated from research studies that compare drugs, medical devices, tests, surgeries, or ways to deliver health care.

The Effective Health Care Program funds individual researchers, research centers, and academic organizations to work together with the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) to produce effectiveness and comparative effectiveness research for clinicians, consumers, and policymakers.

Comparative effectiveness reviews draw on completed scientific studies to make head-to-head comparisons of different health care interventions. They outline the effectiveness — or benefits and harms — of treatment options.

Contents

• 273. Treatment of Stages I-III Squamous Cell Anal Cancer: A Systematic Review
• 270. Behavioral Interventions for Migraine Prevention
• 269. Respectful Maternity Care: Dissemination and Implementation of Perinatal Safety Culture To Improve Equitable Maternal Healthcare Delivery and Outcomes
• 268. Impact of Healthcare Algorithms on Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health and Healthcare
• 267. ADHD Diagnosis and Treatment in Children and Adolescents
• 266. Cervical Degenerative Disease Treatment: A Systematic Review
• 265. Radiation Therapy for Metastatic Bone Disease: Effectiveness and Harms
• 264. Social and Structural Determinants of Maternal Morbidity and Mortality: An Evidence Map
• 263. Management of Postpartum Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
• 262. Pharmacotherapy for Adults With Alcohol Use Disorder in Outpatient Settings: Systematic Review
• 261. Postpartum Care up to 1 Year After Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
• 260. Nutrition as Prevention for Improved Cancer Health Outcomes
• 259. Partial Breast Irradiation for Breast Cancer
• 258. Diagnostic Errors in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review
• 257. Schedule of Visits and Televisits for Routine Antenatal Care: A Systematic Review
• 256. Effectiveness of Telehealth for Women’s Preventive Services
• 255. Transitions of Care From Pediatric to Adult Services for Children With Special Healthcare Needs
• 254. Improving Rural Health Through Telehealth-Guided Provider-to-Provider Communication
• 253. Maternal and Child Outcomes Associated With the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)
• 252. Management of Infantile Epilepsies
• 251. Integrated and Comprehensive Pain Management Programs: Effectiveness and Harms
• 250. Living Systematic Review on Cannabis and Other Plant-Based Treatments for Chronic Pain: 2023 Update
• 250. Living Systematic Review on Cannabis and Other Plant-Based Treatments for Chronic Pain
• 250. Living Systematic Review on Cannabis and Other Plant-Based Treatments for Chronic Pain: 2022 Update
• 249. Malnutrition in Hospitalized Adults: A Systematic Review
• 248. Prehabilitation and Rehabilitation for Major Joint Replacement
• 247. Interventional Treatments for Acute and Chronic Pain: Systematic Review
• 246. Management of High-Need, High-Cost Patients: A “Best Fit” Framework Synthesis, Realist Review, and Systematic Review
• 245. Breast Reconstruction After Mastectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
• 244. Safety of Vaccines Used for Routine Immunization in the United States: An Update
• 243. Prehospital Airway Management: A Systematic Review
• 242. Radiation Therapy for Brain Metastases
• 241. Physical Activity and the Health of Wheelchair Users: A Systematic Review in Multiple Sclerosis, Cerebral Palsy, and Spinal Cord Injury
• 240. Treatments for Acute Pain: A Systematic Review
• 239. Acute Treatments for Episodic Migraine
• 238. Cervical Ripening in the Outpatient Setting
• 237. Integrating Palliative Care in Ambulatory Care of Noncancer Serious Chronic Illness
• 236. Maternal, Fetal, and Child Outcomes of Mental Health Treatments in Women: A Systematic Review of Perinatal Pharmacologic Interventions
• 235. Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: An Update of the PTSD-Repository Evidence Base
• 234. Management of Primary Headaches in Pregnancy
• 233. Management of Colonic Diverticulitis
• 232. Interventions for Breathlessness in Patients With Advanced Cancer
• 230. Therapies for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer
• 229. Opioid Treatments for Chronic Pain
• 228. Nonopioid Pharmacologic Treatments for Chronic Pain
• 227. Noninvasive Nonpharmacological Treatment for Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review Update
• 226. Labor Dystocia
• 225. Interventions for Substance Use Disorders in Adolescents: A Systematic Review
• 224. Treatment of Depression in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review
• 223. Diagnosis and Treatment of Clinical Alzheimer’s-Type Dementia: A Systematic Review
• 222. Achieving Health Equity in Preventive Services
• 221. Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Therapies in Adult Patients With Exacerbation of COPD: A Systematic Review
• 220. Comparative Effectiveness of Analgesics To Reduce Acute Pain in the Prehospital Setting
• 219. Antipsychotics for the Prevention and Treatment of Delirium
• 218. Long-Term Drug Therapy and Drug Holidays for Osteoporosis Fracture Prevention: A Systematic Review
• 216. Telehealth for Acute and Chronic Care Consultations
• 215. Adverse Effects of Pharmacologic Treatments of Major Depression in Older Adults
• 214. Stroke Prevention in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review Update
• 213. Lower Limb Prostheses: Measurement Instruments, Comparison of Component Effects by Subgroups, and Long-Term Outcomes
• 212. Nonsurgical Treatments for Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Systematic Review Update
• 211. Drug Therapy for Early Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review Update
• 210. Breastfeeding Programs and Policies, Breastfeeding Uptake, and Maternal Health Outcomes in Developed Countries
• 209. Noninvasive Nonpharmacological Treatment for Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review
• 208. Treatment for Bipolar Disorder in Adults: A Systematic Review
• 207. Psychological and Pharmacological Treatments for Adults With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review Update
• 206. Sodium and Potassium Intake: Effects on Chronic Disease Outcomes and Risks
• 205. Physiologic Predictors of Severe Injury: Systematic Review
• 204. Methods for Evaluating Natural Experiments in Obesity: Systematic Evidence Review
• 203. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Diagnosis and Treatment in Children and Adolescents
• 202. Effectiveness and Safety of Bronchial Thermoplasty in Management of Asthma
• 201. Effectiveness of Indoor Allergen Reduction in Management of Asthma
• 200. Diagnostic Accuracy of Screening and Treatment of Post–Acute Coronary Syndrome Depression: A Systematic Review
• 199. Treatments for Basal Cell and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin
• 198. Treatments for Schizophrenia in Adults: A Systematic Review
• 197. The Clinical Utility of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) in Asthma Management
• 196. The Role of Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Asthma
• 195. Management of Uterine Fibroids
• 194. Intermittent Inhaled Corticosteroids and Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonists for Asthma
• 193. Management of Suspected Opioid Overdose With Naloxone by Emergency Medical Services Personnel
• 192. Anxiety in Children
• 191. Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Major Orthopedic Surgery: Systematic Review Update
• 190. Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Knee: An Update Review
• 189. Medical Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder—An Update
• 188. Interventions to Prevent Age-Related Cognitive Decline, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Clinical Alzheimer’s-Type Dementia
• 187. Preventing Complications and Treating Symptoms of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
• 186. Interventions Targeting Sensory Challenges in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder—An Update
• 185. Tympanostomy Tubes in Children With Otitis Media
• 184. First- and Second-Generation Antipsychotics in Children and Young Adults: Systematic Review Update
• 183. Tonsillectomy for Obstructive Sleep-Disordered Breathing or Recurrent Throat Infection in Children
• 182. Glasgow Coma Scale for Field Triage of Trauma: A Systematic Review
• 181. Strategies To Improve Mental Health Care for Children and Adolescents
• 180. Strategies To De-escalate Aggressive Behavior in Psychiatric Patients
• 179. Renal Artery Stenosis Management Strategies: An Updated Comparative Effectiveness Review
• 178. Newer Medications for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Attributed to Benign Prostaic Hyperplasia: A Review
• 177. Nonpharmacologic Interventions for Agitation and Aggression in Dementia
• 176. Management of Gout
• 175. Total Worker Health^®
• 174. Imaging for the Pretreatment Staging of Small Cell Lung Cancer
• 173. Diabetes Medications for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: An Update
• 172. Early Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Clostridium difficile: Update
• 171. Noninvasive Testing for Coronary Artery Disease
• 170. Improving Cultural Competence to Reduce Health Disparities
• 169. Noninvasive Treatments for Low Back Pain
• 168. Diagnosis and Management of Infantile Hemangioma
• 167. Management of Renal Masses and Localized Renal Cancer
• 166. Calcineurin Inhibitors for Renal Transplant
• 165. Treatments for Fecal Incontinence
• 164. Home-Based Primary Care Interventions
• 163. Improving Antibiotic Prescribing for Uncomplicated Acute Respiratory Tract Infections
• 162. Diagnosis of Celiac Disease
• 161. Nonpharmacological Versus Pharmacological Treatments for Adult Patients With Major Depressive Disorder
• 160. Management and Outcomes of Binge-Eating Disorder
• 159. Management of Insomnia Disorder
• 158. Diagnosis of Gout
• 157. Diagnosis of Right Lower Quadrant Pain and Suspected Acute Appendicitis
• 156. Contrast-Induced Nephropathy: Comparative Effectiveness of Preventive Measures
• 155. Contrast-Induced Nephropathy: Comparative Effects of Different Contrast Media
• 154. Psychosocial and Pharmacologic Interventions for Disruptive Behavior in Children and Adolescents
• 153. Emerging Approaches to Diagnosis and Treatment of Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
• 152. Treatment of Nonmetastatic Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
• 151. Management of Postpartum Hemorrhage
• 150. Decisional Dilemmas in Discontinuing Prolonged Disease-Modifying Treatment for Multiple Sclerosis
• 149. Treatments for Ankyloglossia and Ankyloglossia With Concomitant Lip-Tie
• 148. Treatments for Fibromyalgia in Adult Subgroups
• 147. Menopausal Symptoms: Comparative Effectiveness of Therapies
• 146. Therapies for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer: Update of a 2008 Systematic Review
• 145. Decision Aids for Cancer Screening and Treatment
• 144. Radiotherapy Treatments for Head and Neck Cancer Update
• 143. Imaging Techniques for the Diagnosis and Staging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
• 142. Imaging Tests for the Staging of Colorectal Cancer
• 141. Imaging Tests for the Diagnosis and Staging of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
• 140. Chronic Urinary Retention: Comparative Effectiveness and Harms of Treatments
• 139. Core Needle and Open Surgical Biopsy for Diagnosis of Breast Lesions: An Update to the 2009 Report
• 138. Medication Therapy Management Interventions in Outpatient Settings
• 137. Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Behavioral Interventions Update
• 136. Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Measures for Guiding Antibiotic Treatment for Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia
• 135. Cardiac Troponins Used as Diagnostic and Prognostic Tests in Patients With Kidney Disease
• 134. Pharmacotherapy for Adults With Alcohol-Use Disorders in Outpatient Settings
• 133. Transitional Care Interventions To Prevent Readmissions for People With Heart Failure
• 132. Combination Therapy Versus Intensification of Statin Monotherapy: An Update
• 131. Pharmacologic Therapies for the Management of Crohn's Disease: Comparative Effectiveness
• 130. Benefits and Harms of Routine Preoperative Testing: Comparative Effectiveness
• 129. Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Treatments for Unstable Angina/Non–ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
• 128. Oral Mechanical Bowel Preparation for Colorectal Surgery
• 127. Chronic Venous Ulcers: A Comparative Effectiveness Review of Treatment Modalities
• 126. Use of Natriuretic Peptide Measurement in the Management of Heart Failure
• 125. Testing of CYP2C19 Variants and Platelet Reactivity for Guiding Antiplatelet Treatment
• 124. Meditation Programs for Psychological Stress and Well-Being
• 123. Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation
• 122. Evaluation and Treatment of Tinnitus: Comparative Effectiveness
• 121. Interventions for Adult Offenders With Serious Mental Illness
• 120. Treatments for Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis
• 119. Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation
• 118. Treatment Strategies for Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease
• 117. Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Screening, Management, and Treatment
• 116. Pharmacologic and Mechanical Prophylaxis of Venous Thromboembolism Among Special Populations
• 115. Childhood Obesity Prevention Programs: Comparative Effectiveness Review and Meta-Analysis
• 114. Local Therapies for Unresectable Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma
• 113. Epoetin and Darbepoetin for Managing Anemia in Patients Undergoing Cancer Treatment: Comparative Effectiveness Update
• 112. Local Nonsurgical Therapies for Stage I and Symptomatic Obstructive Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
• 111. Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis and/or Asthma: Comparative Effectiveness Review
• 110. Wireless Motility Capsule Versus Other Diagnostic Technologies for Evaluating Gastroparesis and Constipation: A Comparative Effectiveness Review
• 109. Interventions for the Prevention of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Adults After Exposure to Psychological Trauma
• 108. Migraine in Children: Preventive Pharmacologic Treatments
• 107. Child and Adolescent Exposure to Trauma: Comparative Effectiveness of Interventions Addressing Trauma Other Than Maltreatment or Family Violence
• 106. Efficacy and Safety of Screening for Postpartum Depression
• 105. Interventions To Improve Cardiovascular Risk Factors in People With Serious Mental Illness
• 104. Intravascular Diagnostic Procedures and Imaging Techniques Versus Angiography Alone in Coronary Artery Stenting: Comparative Effectiveness Review
• 103. Migraine in Adults: Preventive Pharmacologic Treatments
• 102. Screening for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)
• 101. Otitis Media With Effusion: Comparative Effectiveness of Treatments
• 100. Assessment and Management of Chronic Cough
• 99. Outpatient Case Management for Adults With Medical Illness and Complex Care Needs
• 98. PCA3 Testing for the Diagnosis and Management of Prostate Cancer
• 97. Strategies to Prevent Weight Gain Among Adults
• 96. Primary Care Management of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
• 95. Interventions to Modify Health Care Provider Adherence to Asthma Guidelines
• 94. Interventions for Feeding and Nutrition in Cerebral Palsy
• 93. Local Hepatic Therapies for Metastases to the Liver From Unresectable Colorectal Cancer
• 92. Psychological and Pharmacological Treatments for Adults With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
• 91. Interventions to Improve Patient Adherence to Hepatitis C Treatment: Comparative Effectiveness
• 90. Pressure Ulcer Treatment Strategies: Comparative Effectiveness
• 89. Child Exposure to Trauma: Comparative Effectiveness of Interventions Addressing Maltreatment
• 88. Evaluation and Treatment of Cryptorchidism
• 87. Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment and Prevention: Comparative Effectiveness
• 86. Treatment for Restless Legs Syndrome
• 85. Biologic and Nonbiologic Systemic Agents and Phototherapy for Treatment of Chronic Plaque Psoriasis
• 84. Acute Migraine Treatment in Emergency Settings
• 83. Biomarkers for Assessing and Managing Iron Deficiency Anemia in Late-Stage Chronic Kidney Disease
• 82. Bariatric Surgery and Nonsurgical Therapy in Adults With Metabolic Conditions and a Body Mass Index of 30.0 to 34.9 kg/m²
• 81. Long-Term Care for Older Adults: A Review of Home and Community-Based Services Versus Institutional Care
• 80. Strategies to Reduce Cesarean Birth in Low-Risk Women
• 79. Comparison of Characteristics of Nursing Homes and Other Residential Long-Term Care Settings for People With Dementia
• 78. Procalcitonin-Guided Antibiotic Therapy
• 77. Physical Therapy Interventions for Knee Pain Secondary to Osteoarthritis
• 76. Treatment for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adults
• 75. Practice-Based Interventions Addressing Concomitant Depression and Chronic Medical Conditions in the Primary Care Setting
• 74. Progestogens for Prevention of Preterm Birth
• 73. Serum Free Light Chain Analysis for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prognosis of Plasma Cell Dyscrasias
• 72. Multidisciplinary Postacute Rehabilitation for Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in Adults
• 71. Breathing Exercises and/or Retraining Techniques in the Treatment of Asthma: Comparative Effectiveness
• 70. Surgical Options for Inguinal Hernia: Comparative Effectiveness Review
• 69. Screening for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adults
• 68. Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation (NPPV) for Acute Respiratory Failure
• 67. Nitrous Oxide for the Management of Labor Pain
• 66. Treatment Strategies for Women With Coronary Artery Disease
• 65. Interventions for Adolescents and Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorders
• 64. Screening, Behavioral Counseling, and Referral in Primary Care To Reduce Alcohol Misuse
• 63. First-Generation Versus Second-Generation Antipsychotics in Adults: Comparative Effectiveness
• 62. Treatment for Depression After Unsatisfactory Response to SSRIs
• 61. Recurrent Nephrolithiasis in Adults: Comparative Effectiveness of Preventive Medical Strategies
• 60. Treatment for Glaucoma: Comparative Effectiveness
• 59. Screening for Glaucoma: Comparative Effectiveness
• 58. Noninvasive Technologies for the Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease in Women
• 57. Methods for Insulin Delivery and Glucose Monitoring: Comparative Effectiveness
• 56. Adjuvant Treatment for Phenylketonuria (PKU)
• 55. Drug Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis in Adults: An Update
• 54. Drug Therapy for Psoriatic Arthritis in Adults: Update of a 2007 Report
• 53. Treatment To Prevent Fractures in Men and Women With Low Bone Density or Osteoporosis: Update of a 2007 Report
• 52. Fecal DNA Testing in Screening for Colorectal Cancer in Average-Risk Adults
• 51. Dietary Supplements in Adults Taking Cardiovascular Drugs
• 50. Antinuclear Antibody, Rheumatoid Factor, and Cyclic-Citrullinated Peptide Tests for Evaluating Musculoskeletal Complaints in Children
• 49. Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Orthopedic Surgery
• 48. Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation in the Pediatric Population
• 47. Noninvasive Diagnostic Tests for Breast Abnormalities: Update of a 2006 Review
• 46. Second-Generation Antidepressants in the Pharmacologic Treatment of Adult Depression: An Update of the 2007 Comparative Effectiveness Review
• 45. Self-Measured Blood Pressure Monitoring: Comparative Effectiveness
• 44. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Effectiveness of Treatment in At-Risk Preschoolers; Long-Term Effectiveness in All Ages; and Variability in Prevalence, Diagnosis, and Treatment
• 43. Off-Label Use of Atypical Antipsychotics: An Update
• 42. Adjunctive Devices for Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
• 41. Noncyclic Chronic Pelvic Pain Therapies for Women: Comparative Effectiveness
• 40. Effectiveness and Safety of Antiepileptic Medications in Patients With Epilepsy
• 39. First- and Second-Generation Antipsychotics for Children and Young Adults
• 38. Analgesics for Osteoarthritis: An Update of the 2006 Comparative Effectiveness Review
• 37. Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 1–3: Screening, Monitoring, and Treatment
• 36. Nonsurgical Treatments for Urinary Incontinence in Adult Women: Diagnosis and Comparative Effectiveness
• 35. Terbutaline Pump for the Prevention of Preterm Birth
• 34. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs), Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists (ARBs), and Direct Renin Inhibitors for Treating Essential Hypertension: An Update
• 33. Nonpharmacologic Interventions for Treatment-Resistant Depression in Adults
• 32. Diagnosis and Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults
• 31. Effectiveness of Early Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection
• 30. Pain Management Interventions for Hip Fracture
• 29. Comparative Effectiveness of Management Strategies for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Update
• 28. Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) in Children With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)
• 27. Oral Diabetes Medications for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: An Update
• 26. Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders
• 25. Traumatic Brain Injury and Depression
• 24. Screening and Treatment of Subclinical Hypothyroidism or Hyperthyroidism
• 23. Effectiveness of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone (rhGH) in the Treatment of Patients With Cystic Fibrosis
• 22. Comparative Effectiveness of Nonoperative and Operative Treatments for Rotator Cuff Tears
• 21. Comparative Effectiveness of In-Hospital Use of Recombinant Factor VIIa for Off-Label Indications vs. Usual Care
• 20. Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Radiotherapy Treatments for Head and Neck Cancer
• 19. Comparative Effectiveness of Core-Needle and Open Surgical Biopsy for the Diagnosis of Breast Lesions
• 18. Comparative Effectiveness of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors or Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers Added to Standard Medical Therapy for Treating Stable Ischemic Heart Disease
• 17. Comparative Effectiveness of Medications To Reduce Risk of Primary Breast Cancer in Women
• 16. Comparative Effectiveness of Lipid-Modifying Agents
• 15. Comparative Effectiveness of Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation
• 14. Comparative Effectiveness, Safety, and Indications of Insulin Analogues in Premixed Formulations for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
• 13. Comparative Effectiveness of Therapies for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer
• 12. Comparative Effectiveness of Treatments To Prevent Fractures in Men and Women With Low Bone Density or Osteoporosis
• 11. Comparative Effectiveness of Drug Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis and Psoriatic Arthritis in Adults
• 10. Comparative Effectiveness of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs) and Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists (ARBs) for Treating Essential Hypertension
• 9. Comparative Effectiveness of Percutaneous Coronary Interventions and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting for Coronary Artery Disease
• 8. Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Oral Diabetes Medications for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
• 7. Comparative Effectiveness of Second-Generation Antidepressants in the Pharmacologic Treatment of Adult Depression
• 6. Efficacy and Comparative Effectiveness of Off-Label Use of Atypical Antipsychotics
• 5. Comparative Effectiveness of Management Strategies for Renal Artery Stenosis
• 5. Comparative Effectiveness of Management Strategies for Renal Artery Stenosis: 2007 Update
• 4. Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Analgesics for Osteoarthritis
• 3. Comparative Effectiveness of Epoetin and Darbepoetin for Managing Anemia in Patients Undergoing Cancer Treatment
• 2. Effectiveness of Noninvasive Diagnostic Tests for Breast Abnormalities
• 1. Comparative Effectiveness of Management Strategies For Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease