- AFR
African Region
- AMR
Region of the Americas
- BPI
Brief Pain Inventory
- CND
Commission on Narcotic Drugs
- CPOT
Critical Pain Observation Tool
- CR
controlled release
- DOI
Declaration of Interests
- ECG
electrocardiograph
- EMR
Eastern Mediterranean Region
- ER
extended-release
- ERG
External Review Group
- g
gram
- GDG
Guideline Development Group
- GFR
glomerular filtration rate
- GRADE
Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation
- h/hr
hour(s)
- HR
hazard ratio
- INCB
International Narcotics Control Board
- INN
Iinternational Nonproprietary Name
- IPOS
Integrated Palliative care Outcome Scale
- kg
kilogram
- L
litre
- mcg
microgram
- mg
milligram
- min
minute(s)
- mL
millilitre
- NCD
noncommunicable disease
- NGO
nongovernmental organization
- NMA
network meta-analysis
- NSAID
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
- NSAIM
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicine
- PACSLAC
Pain Assessment Checklist for Seniors with Limited Ability to Communicate
- PAINAID
Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia
- PICO
population, intervention, comparator and outcome
- PO
by mouth
- PR
per rectum
- p.r.n.
as needed
- q1h
every hour
- q4h
every 4 hours
- q6h
every 6 hours
- q8h
every 8 hours
- q12h
every 12 hours
- RCT
randomized controlled trial
- RR
relative risk
- SC
subcutaneous
- SEAR
South-East Asia Region
- SRE
skeletal-related event
- TD
transdermal
- WHO
World Health Organization
- WPR
Western Pacific Region
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NLM Citation
WHO Guidelines for the Pharmacological and Radiotherapeutic Management of Cancer Pain in Adults and Adolescents. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. Abbreviations and Acronyms.