Author for Newspaper Articles (required)

Specific Rules for Author

• Surnames with hyphens and other punctuation in them
• Other surname rules
• Given names containing punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or particle
• Degrees, titles, and honors before or after a personal name
• Designations of rank in a family, such as Jr and III
• Names in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, Korean) or character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese)
• Organization as author
• No author can be found
• Options for author names

Box 1

Surnames with hyphens and other punctuation in them.

Box 2

Other surname rules.

Box 3

Given names containing punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or particle.

Box 4

Degrees, titles, and honors before or after a personal name.

Box 5

Designations of rank in a family, such as Jr and III.

Box 6

Names in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, Korean) or character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese).

Box 7

Organization as author.

Box 8

No author can be found.

Box 9

Options for author names.

Article Title for Newspaper Articles (required)

Specific Rules for Article Title

• Article titles containing a Greek letter, chemical formula, or other special character
• Article titles with headers
• Article titles not in English
• Translated article titles ending in punctuation other than a period

Box 10

Article titles containing a Greek letter, chemical formula, or other special character.

Box 11

Article titles with headers.

Box 12

Article titles not in English.

Box 13

Translated article titles ending in punctuation other than a period.

Newspaper Title (required)

General Rules for Newspaper Title

• Enter a newspaper title in the original language
• Do not omit or abbreviate any words in a newspaper title, with the exception of a leading "The" which may be dropped if desired
• Add the location where published if it is not included in the title: Bergen County (NJ) Record and Daily Nation (Nairobi). See Location added below.
• End the newspaper title with a period unless an Edition or a Type of Medium is included

Box 14

Location added.

Specific Rules for Newspaper Title

• Location added
• Newspaper titles not in English
• Options for newspaper titles

Box 15

Newspaper titles not in English.

Box 16

Options for newspaper titles.

Edition for Newspaper Articles (required)

General Rules for Edition

• Indicate the edition being cited after the title when a newspaper is published in more than one edition
• Capitalize each significant word and place other words, such as articles, conjunctions, and prepositions in lower case
• Express numbers representing editions in arabic ordinals. For example: second becomes 2nd and III becomes 3rd.
• Abbreviate common words such as edition (see Abbreviation rules for editions)
• Place the edition statement in parentheses, such as (Final Ed.)
• End the edition statement with a period after the closing parenthesis unless the Type of Medium is included

Box 17

Abbreviation rules for editions.

Specific Rules for Edition

• Abbreviation rules for editions
• Non-English words for editions
• Both a location and an edition included

Box 18

Non-English words for editions.

Box 19

Both a location and an edition included.

Type of Medium for Newspaper Articles (required)

Date of Publication for Newspaper Articles (required)

General Rules for Date of Publication

• Include the year, month, and day of publication in that order. For example: 2004 May 5.
• Convert roman numerals to arabic numbers, such as MM to 2000
• Use English names for months and abbreviate them using the first three letters, such as Jan
• End date information with a semicolon unless no section letter, number, or name is found (see No section letter, number, or name is found below). Exception is if using a volume and issue in place of a section (see Optional volume and issue numbers used instead of section information below).

Box 21

No section letter, number, or name is found.

Box 24

Optional volume and issue numbers used instead of section information.

Specific Rules for Date of Publication

• Non-English names for months
• No section letter, number, or name is found
• Options for date of publication

Box 20

Non-English names for months.

Box 21a

Options for date of publication.

Section Letter, Number, or Name for Newspaper Articles (required)

Specific Rules for Section Letter, Number, or Name

• Section with a name instead of a letter or number
• No section letter, number, or name is found
• Optional volume and issue numbers used instead of section information

Box 22

Section with a name instead of a letter or number.

Box 23

No section letter, number, or name is found.

Location (Pagination) for Newspaper Articles (required)

General Rules for Location (Pagination)

• Pagination in a newspaper article differs from pagination in all other types of publications in that only the first page of the article is used
• Give the beginning page number on which the article appears
• Include a letter when it precedes the page number only when using the options provided in Letters before page numbers
• End pagination information with a space

Box 25

Letters before page numbers.

Specific Rules for Location (Pagination)

• Letters before page numbers
• Roman numerals used as page numbers

Box 26

Roman numerals used as page numbers.

Column Number for Newspaper Articles (required)

Physical Description for Newspaper Articles (optional)

Specific Rules for Physical Description

• Language for describing physical characteristics

Box 27

Language for describing physical characteristics.

Language for Newspaper Articles (required)

Notes for Newspaper Articles (optional)

Specific Rules for Notes

• Dateline
• Other types of material to include in notes

Box 28

Dateline.

Box 29

Other types of material to include in notes.

1. Standard signed newspaper article

Gaul G. When geography influences treatment options. Washington Post (Maryland Ed.). 2005 Jul 24;Sect. A:12 (col. 1).

Harris G. FDA orders recall of intravenous pumps. New York Times (Washington Final). 2005 Jun 22;Sect. A:12 (col. 1).

Levine S. Obesity increase creating special needs. Miami Herald (Final Ed.). 2006 Jan 4;Sect. A:4 (col. 2).

Fialka JJ. How mercury rules designed for safety end up polluting. Wall Street Journal. 2006 Apr 20;Sect. A:1 (col. 1).

with optional full name

Fialka, John J. How mercury rules designed for safety end up polluting. Wall Street Journal. 2006 Apr 20;Sect. A:1 (col. 1).

2. Standard unsigned newspaper article

Major decline in U.S. deaths is recorded. New York Times (Washington Final). 2006 Apr 20;Sect. A:14 (col. 6).

Woman in L.A. tests positive for plague. Richmond Times-Dispatch. 2006 Apr 20;Sect. A:7 (col. 6).

3. Standard newspaper article with optional volume and issue numbers

Taking steps back to normal after novel rabies therapy. New York Times (National Ed.). 2005 Dec 25;155(53439):23 (col. 3).

4. Newspaper article with author surname showing designations of rank within a family

Maugh TH 2nd. Cancer deaths decline for 1st time since 1930: the drop in U.S. is slight but marks a milestone, as advances catch up with demographics. Los Angeles Times. 2006 Feb 9;Sect. A:6 (col. 1).

McNeil DG Jr. Dogs trained to sniff out cancer: experts skeptical of 99% accuracy claim. Chicago Tribune (Final Ed.). 2006 Jan 17:2 (col. 3).

5. Newspaper article with compound author surname

Perez-Pena R. Chernobyl takes its toll among emigres in U.S. New York Times (Washington Final). 2006 Apr 20;Sect. A:23 (col. 1).

Edersheim Kalb P. Finding out what's in your water. Wall Street Journal. 2006 Apr 20;Sect. D:2 (col. 3).

6. Newspaper article with author surnames having particles or prefixes (give as found in the article)

O'Brian B. For one minority, a bias that's just so not right. Washington Post (Maryland Ed.). 2006 Aug 13;Sect. D:1 (col. 1).

McCollum DG. More abuse victims would tell doctors - if doctors would ask. (Minneapolis) Star-Tribune (Metro Ed.). 1996 Feb 3;Sect. A:23 (col. 1).

LaFraniere S. Angola is hit by cholera outbreak. New York Times (Washington Final). 2006 Apr 20;Sect. A:6 (col. 6).

von Eberstein L. Recovery role cited at NABOR installation. (New Orleans) Times-Picayune. 2006 Jan 22:99 (col. 3).

7. Newspaper article with an organization as author

Bloomberg News. 3 drug makers gain as top sellers keep up pace. New York Times (Washington Final). 2006 Apr 20;Sect. C:13 (col. 1).

Associated Press. Mumps outbreak spreading in Midwest. Richmond Times-Dispatch. 2006 Apr 20;Sect. A:3 (col. 1).

8. Newspaper article with subtitle

Vergano D, Lefort M. Stem cell implants in apes' brains bring warning: panel issues research guidelines and cites the `moral' dimension. USA Today. 2005 Jul 18;Sect. D:4 (col. 2).

9. Newspaper article in a language other than English

Se retractan cientificos sudcoreanos; admiten mentiras sobre la clonacion. La Jornada (Mexico City). 2006 Jan 5;Sect. A:3 (col. 1). Spanish.

Tchernobyl, 20 ans apres: le vrai impact en France. Le Monde (France Metropolitan). 2006 Apr 25:1 (col. 5). French.

10. Newspaper article in a language other than English with optional translated title

Se retractan cientificos sudcoreanos; admiten mentiras sobre la clonacion [South Korean scientists retract themselves; they admit lies on cloning]. La Jornada (Mexico City). 2006 Jan 5;Sect. A:3 (col. 1). Spanish.

Tchernobyl, 20 ans apres: le vrai impact en France [Chernobly, 20 years after: the real impact on France]. Le Monde (France Metropolitan). 2006 Apr 25:1 (col. 5). French.

11. Newspaper title with city of publication added for clarification

Njera C. Warning over diabetes monitors: touch glucose meters have failed to make the grade, says US regulator. Daily Nation (Nairobi). 2006 Jan 5;Sect. 2:23 (col. 1).

McCollum DG. More abuse victims would tell doctors - if doctors would ask. (Minneapolis) Star-Tribune (Metro Ed.). 1996 Feb 3;Sect. A:23 (col. 1).

Tanner L. Junior's chubby cheeks are cute, but they might never go away: study says overweight toddlers likely to keep on those pounds. The Record (Stockton, AZ). 2006 Sep 5;Sect. A:1 (col. 2).

12. Newspaper title with an edition

Stein R. Nonprescription sales of cholesterol drug rejected: FDA panel says risk of side effects outweigh benefits. Washington Post (Final Ed.). 2005 Jan 15;Sect. A:3 (col. 4).

Harris G. FDA orders recall of intravenous pumps. New York Times (Washington Final). 2005 Jun 22;Sect. A:12 (col. 1).

Web site offers checkup on media health coverage. St. Louis Post Dispatch (3rd Ed.). 2006 Apr 17;Sect. A:3 (col. 5 ).

13. Newspaper title with both a city added and an edition

UnitedHealth-PacifiCare deal hailed, deplored. The (Baltimore) Sun (Weekend Ed.). 2005 Jul 8;Sect. E:1 (col.1).

La "gripe del pollo" vuela can las aves silvestres [The "bird flu" flies with the wild birds]. El Pais (Madrid) (Ed. Europa). 2005 Jul 17:28 (col. 1). Spanish.

14. National newspaper without geographic location

Hellmich N. Dieter says "oui!" to French diet. USA Today. 2005 Jul 18;Sect. D:4 (col.2).

15. Newspaper section with letter

Tanner L. Rare drug mix-up can paralyze or kill: cancer therapy alert issued. USA Today. 2005 Jul 18;Sect. D:7 (col. 5).

16. Newspaper section with number

Janega J. Spoonful of cold reality. Chicago Tribune (Final Ed. South-Southwest). 2006 Jan 10;Sect. 1:1 (col.1).

17. Newspaper section with name

Graedon J, Graedon T. Amnesia and cholesterol-lowering prescription drugs. The (Baltimore) Sun (Weekend Ed.). 2005 Jul 24;Home & Family:8N (col. 1).

Kunkle F. Grievance panel seeks reprimand for Gansler. Washington Post (Home Ed.). 2003 Jul 3;Montgomery Extra:10 (col. 1).

18. Newspaper with no section letter, number, or name

Peres J. Second look shows value of calcium. Chicago Tribune (Final Ed.). 2006 Apr 25:1 (col. 1).

La "gripe del pollo" vuela can las aves silvestres [The "bird flu" flies with the wild birds]. El Pais (Madrid) (Ed. Europa). 2005 Jul 17:28 (col. 1). Spanish.

19. Newspaper article with optional inclusion of letter with page number (omitting section)

Krasner J. Doctors wary of BIOGEN MS drug, survey says. Boston Globe (3rd Ed.). 2006 Mar 1:C4 (col. 1).

20. Newspaper article in a microform

A year later, efforts are on to avoid another botched transplant. New York Times (Late City Ed.) [microfilm]. 2004 Feb 22;Sect. L:26 (col.1). 1 reel: black & white, negative, 35 mm.

21. Newspaper article with a dateline

Taking steps back to normal after novel rabies therapy. New York Times (National Ed.). 2005 Dec 25;155(53439):23 (col. 3). Milwaukee, Dec 24.

LaFraniere S. Angola is hit by cholera outbreak. New York Times (Washington Final). 2006 Apr 20;Sect. A:6 (col. 6). Johannesburg, Apr 19.

Siegal N. Mumps epidemic spreads; more vaccine promised. New York Times (Washington Final). 2006 Apr 20;Sect. A:15 (col. 5). Iowa City, Apr 19.

22. Newspaper article with other type of note

Vedantam S. When staying cool seems better than being bad. Washington Post (Final Ed.). 2006 Aug 7;Sect. A:2 (col. 3 ). Part of a weekly series of stories about the sociology and psychology behind news events.

23. Newspaper article on the Internet

Carey B. Psychiatrists revise the book of human troubles. New York Times [Internet]. 2008 Dec 17 [cited 2008 Dec 19];Health:[about 3 p.]. Available from: http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/18/health/18psych.html?_r=1&em

Grady D. Jump in doctor visits and deaths in flu season. New York Times [Internet]. 2008 Apr 18 [cited 2008 Dec 19];Research:[about 4 screens]. Available from: http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/18/health/research/18flu.html?scp=7&sq=flu%20season&st=cse

Lyderson K. Risk of disease rises with water temperatures. Washington Post [Internet]. 2008 Oct 20 [cited 2008 Dec 19]:A08. Available from: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/10/19/AR2008101901533.html Article includes a correction.