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Henderson JT, Webber EM, Sawaya GF. Screening for Ovarian Cancer: An Updated Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [Internet]. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2018 Feb. (Evidence Synthesis, No. 157.)

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Screening for Ovarian Cancer: An Updated Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [Internet].

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Appendix CExcluded Studies

Reason for Exclusion*
E1.Study aim
E2.Study design (not RCT)
E3a.Setting: Not conducted in a ‘very high’ HDI country
E3b.Setting: Not primary care
E4a.Population: High-risk (genetic or family history)
E4b.Population: Symptomatic
E5.No relevant outcomes or incomplete outcomes
E5a.Detection rate only
E6.Study quality: Poor quality rating
E7.Language: Publication not in English
E8.Intervention is not a screening test (i.e., staging, prognostic testing)
*

Assigned at abstract and full-text phase

Abbreviations: E = exclude; HDI = human development index; KQ = key question; RCT = randomized, controlled trial

1.
European randomized trial of ovarian cancer screening (protocol). London: 1995. PMID: KQ1E5, KQ2E5.
2.
Screening CA-125 and transvaginal ultrasound does not reduce ovarian cancer mortality. J Natl Med Assoc. 2012;104(1-2):116-7. KQ1E1, KQ2E1.
3.
Adonakis GL, Paraskevaidis E, Tsiga S, et al. A combined approach for the early detection of ovarian cancer in asymptomatic women. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1996;65(2):221-5. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 8730628]
4.
Akulenko LV, Gar'kavtseva RF, Zhordania KI, et al. [Current status and perspectives for genetic consultation and prophylactic medical examination of risk groups with malignant neoplasms of the female reproductive system and breast]. TSitologiia i genetika. 1992;26(1):38-42. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 1621284]
5.
Andolf E, Svalenius E, Astedt B. Ultrasonography for early detection of ovarian carcinoma. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1986;93(12):1286-9. PMID: 3542015. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 3542015]
6.
Belinson JL, Okin C, Casey G, et al. The familial ovarian cancer registry: progress report. Cleve Clin J Med. 1995;62(2):129-34. PMID: 7736630. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 7736630]
7.
Bell R, Petticrew M, Luengo S, et al. Screening for ovarian cancer: a systematic review. Health Technol Assess. 1998;2(2):i-iv, 1-84. PMID: 9561894. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 9561894]
8.
Bourne TH, Campbell S, Reynolds K, et al. The potential role of serum CA 125 in an ultrasound-based screening program for familial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 1994;52(3):379-85. PMID: 8157195. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 8157195]
9.
Bourne TH, Campbell S, Reynolds KM, et al. Screening for early familial ovarian cancer with transvaginal ultrasonography and colour blood flow imaging. BMJ. 1993;306(6884):1025-9. PMID: 8490496. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PMC free article: PMC1677026] [PubMed: 8490496]
10.
Burnell M, Gentry-Maharaj A, Ryan A, et al. Impact on mortality and cancer incidence rates of using random invitation from population registers for recruitment to trials. Trials. 2011;12:61. PMID: 21362184. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PMC free article: PMC3058013] [PubMed: 21362184]
11.
Campbell S, Bhan V, Royston P, et al. Transabdominal ultrasound screening for early ovarian cancer. BMJ. 1989;299(6712):1363-7. PMID: 2513964. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PMC free article: PMC1838264] [PubMed: 2513964]
12.
Demidov VN, Krasnikova SP, Terskaia LV. [Role of echography in early detection of ovarian tumors]. Vopr Onkol. 1990;36(11):1365-8. PMID: 2281643. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 2281643]
13.
Dorum A, Kristensen GB, Abeler VM, et al. Early detection of familial ovarian cancer. Eur J Cancer. 1996;32a(10):1645-51. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 8983269]
14.
Drescher C, Nelson J, Peacock S, et al. Compliance of average- and intermediate-risk women to semiannual ovarian cancer screening. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004;13(4):600-6. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PubMed: 15066925]
15.
Gentry-Maharaj A, Sharma A, Burnell M, et al. Acceptance of transvaginal sonography by postmenopausal women participating in the United Kingdom Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2013;41(1):73-9. PMID: 22791597. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PubMed: 22791597]
16.
Gohagan JK, Prorok PC, Hayes RB, et al. The Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial of the National Cancer Institute: history, organization, and status. Controlled clinical trials. 2000;21(6 Suppl):251s-72s. PMID: 11189683. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PubMed: 11189683]
17.
Goswamy RK, Campbell S, Whitehead MI. Screening for ovarian cancer. Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology. 1983;10(3):621-43. PMID: 6653033. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 6653033]
18.
Gren L, Broski K, Childs J, et al. Recruitment methods employed in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Clin. 2009;6(1):52-9. PMID: 19254935. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PMC free article: PMC4651181] [PubMed: 19254935]
19.
Grover S, Quinn MA, Weideman P, et al. Screening for ovarian cancer using serum CA125 and vaginal examination: report on 2550 females. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 1995;5(4):291-5. PMID: 11578492. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 11578492]
20.
Holbert TR. Screening transvaginal ultrasonography of postmenopausal women in a private office setting. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1994;170(6):1699-703; discussion 703-4. PMID: 8203429. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 8203429]
21.
Jacobs I, Stabile I, Bridges J, et al. Multimodal approach to screening for ovarian cancer. Lancet. 1988;1(8580):268-71. PMID: 2893084. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 2893084]
22.
Johnson D. The effects of an abnormal cancer screening test on health related quality of life. Int J Cancer Res. 2006;2:277-89. KQ1E5, KQ2E5.
23.
Karlan BY, Raffel LJ, Crvenkovic G, et al. A multidisciplinary approach to the early detection of ovarian carcinoma: rationale, protocol design, and early results. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1993;169(3):494-501. PMID: 8372851. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 8372851]
24.
Kobayashi H, Yamada Y, Sado T, et al. A randomized study of screening for ovarian cancer: a multicenter study in Japan. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2008;18(3):414-20. PMID: 17645503. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PubMed: 17645503]
25.
Kurjak A, Shalan H, Kupesic S, et al. An attempt to screen asymptomatic women for ovarian and endometrial cancer with transvaginal color and pulsed Doppler sonography. J Ultrasound Med. 1994;13(4):295-301. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 7932995]
26.
Lacey J, Greene M, Buys S, et al. Ovarian cancer screening in women with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;108(5):1176-84. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PubMed: 17077240]
27.
Lacey JV Jr, Greene MH, Buys SS, et al. Ovarian cancer screening in women with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;108(5):1176-84. PMID: 17077240. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PubMed: 17077240]
28.
Markman M, Petersen J, Belland A, et al. CA-125 monitoring in ovarian cancer: patient survey responses to the results of the MRC/EORTC CA-125 Surveillance Trial. Oncology. 2010;78(1):1-2. KQ1E1, KQ2E1. [PubMed: 20215782]
29.
Menon U, Burnell M, Sharma A, et al. Decline in use of hormone therapy among postmenopausal women in the United Kingdom. Menopause. 2007;14(3 Pt 1):462-7. PMID: 17237735. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PubMed: 17237735]
30.
Menon U, Gentry-Maharaj A, Ryan A, et al. Recruitment to multicentre trials--lessons from UKCTOCS: descriptive study.[Erratum appears in BMJ. 2008;337:a2976]. BMJ. 2008;337:a2079. PMID: 19008269. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PMC free article: PMC2583394] [PubMed: 19008269]
31.
Menon U, Skates SJ, Lewis S, et al. Prospective study using the risk of ovarian cancer algorithm to screen for ovarian cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23(31):7919-26. PMID: 16258091. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PubMed: 16258091]
32.
Miller RW, Pavlik EJ, Baldwin LA, et al. Complications from surgeries prompted by ovarian cancer screening. Gynecol Oncol. 2015;137:180. PMID: None. KQ1E2, KQ2E2.
33.
Millo R, Facca MC, Alberico S. Sonographic evaluation of ovarian volume in postmenopausal women: a screening test for ovarian cancer? Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 1989;16(2-3):72-8. PMID: 2667810. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 2667810]
34.
Muto MG, Cramer DW, Brown DL, et al. Screening for ovarian cancer: the preliminary experience of a familial ovarian cancer center. Gynecol Oncol. 1993;51(1):12-20. PMID: 8244166. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 8244166]
35.
Nyante SJ, Black A, Kreimer AR, et al. Pathologic findings following false-positive screening tests for ovarian cancer in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) cancer screening trial. Gynecol Oncol. 2011;120(3):474-9. PMID: 21144559. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PMC free article: PMC3040283] [PubMed: 21144559]
36.
Parkes CA, Smith D, Wald NJ, et al. Feasibility study of a randomised trial of ovarian cancer screening among the general population. J Med Screen. 1994;1(4):209-14. PMID: 8790521. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PubMed: 8790521]
37.
Partridge EE, Greenlee RT, Riley TL, et al. Assessing the risk of ovarian malignancy in asymptomatic women with abnormal CA 125 and transvaginal ultrasound scans in the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian screening trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2013;121(1):25-31. PMID: 23262924. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PMC free article: PMC3711412] [PubMed: 23262924]
38.
Pinsky PF, Ford M, Gamito E, et al. Enrollment of racial and ethnic minorities in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. J Natl Med Assoc. 2008;100(3):291-8. PMID: 18390022. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PubMed: 18390022]
39.
Pinsky PF, Miller A, Kramer BS, et al. Evidence of a healthy volunteer effect in the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancer screening trial. Am J Epidemiol. 2007;165(8):874-81. PMID: 17244633. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PubMed: 17244633]
40.
Prorok PC, Andriole GL, Bresalier RS, et al. Design of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. Control Clin Trials. 2000;21(6 Suppl):273s-309s. PMID: 11189684. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PubMed: 11189684]
41.
Reding D, Fouad M, Ragard L, et al. Prevalence, incidence and natural history of simple ovarian cysts within the context of a large cancer screening trial. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26(15 suppl):5571. PMID: 27950424. KQ1E5, KQ2E5.
42.
Robertson DM. Screening for the early detection of ovarian cancer. Womens Health. 2009;5(4):347-9. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 19586426]
43.
Rufford BD, Jacobs IJ, Menon U. Feasibility of screening for ovarian cancer using symptoms as selection criteria. BJOG. 2007;114(1):59-64. PMID: 17233861. KQ1E4b, KQ2E4b. [PubMed: 17233861]
44.
Sato S, Hasuo Y, Ohta S, et al. [Mass-screening for ovarian cancer by means of transvaginal ultrasonography]. Nihon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai zasshi. 1992;44(6):683-8. PMID: 1506730. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 1506730]
45.
Sato S, Yokoyama Y, Sakamoto T, et al. Usefulness of mass screening for ovarian carcinoma using transvaginal ultrasonography. Cancer. 2000;89(3):582-8. PMID: 10931457. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 10931457]
46.
Schincaglia P, Brondelli L, Cicognani A, et al. A feasibility study of ovarian cancer screening: does fine-needle aspiration improve ultrasound specificity? Tumori. 1994;80(3):181-7. PMID: 8053074. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 8053074]
47.
Schwartz PE, Chambers JT, Taylor KJ. Early detection and screening for ovarian cancer. J Cell Biochem Suppl. 1995;23:233-7. PMID: 8747402. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 8747402]
48.
Sharma A, Apostolidou S, Burnell M, et al. Risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in asymptomatic women with ultrasound-detected ovarian masses: a prospective cohort study within the UK collaborative trial of ovarian cancer screening (UKCTOCS). Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2012;40(3):338-44. PMID: 22911637. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PubMed: 22911637]
49.
Sharma A, Burnell M, Gentry-Maharaj A, et al. Factors affecting visualization of postmenopausal ovaries: descriptive study from the multicenter United Kingdom Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening (UKCTOCS). Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2013;42(4):472-7. PMID: 23456790. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PubMed: 23456790]
50.
Sharma A, Gentry-Maharaj A, Burnell M, et al. Assessing the malignant potential of ovarian inclusion cysts in postmenopausal women within the UK Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening (UKCTOCS): a prospective cohort study. BJOG. 2012;119(2):207-19. PMID: 21762355. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PubMed: 21762355]
51.
Tabor A, Jensen FR, Bock JE, et al. Feasibility study of a randomised trial of ovarian cancer screening. J Med Screen. 1994;1(4):215-9. PMID: 8790522. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PubMed: 8790522]
52.
Taylor KL, Shelby R, Gelmann E, et al. Quality of life and trial adherence among participants in the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancer screening trial. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004;96(14):1083-94. PMID: 15265970. KQ1E5, KQ2E5. [PubMed: 15265970]
53.
van Nagell JR, Jr., DePriest PD, Reedy MB, et al. The efficacy of transvaginal sonographic screening in asymptomatic women at risk for ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 2000;77(3):350-6. PMID: 10831341. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 10831341]
54.
van Nagell JR Jr, Gallion HH, Pavlik EJ, et al. Ovarian cancer screening. Cancer. 1995;76(10 Suppl):2086-91. PMID: 8635005. KQ1E2, KQ2E2. [PubMed: 8635005]
55.
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57.
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