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Addendum to Jaundice in newborn babies under 28 days. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE); 2016 May. (Clinical Guideline, No. 98.1.)
F.1. Review question 1 and 2
| Reference | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Anon (1985) Randomized, controlled trial of phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Executive summary. Pediatrics 75: t-6. | Summary of an old included study. |
| Amato M, Howald H, Muralt G (1985) Interruption of breast-feeding versus phototherapy as treatment of hyperbilirubinemia in full-term infants. Helvetica Paediatrica Acta 40: 127-31. | Not all babies received phototherapy. |
| Amato M, Feller CH, Huppi P (1992) Conventional versus fiberoptic phototherapy for treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Dev Physiopat Clin 3: 61. | BL unable to supply |
| Argent AC, Rothberg AD, Cooper PA (1984) Effect of phototherapy (Px) at 3 bilirubin (bili) thresholds in term neonates with physiologic hyperbilirubinemia (H B). Pediatric Research 18: 344. | Abstract only, insufficient data for appraisal. |
| Arnold C, Pedroza C, Tyson JE (2014) Phototherapy in ELBW newborns: does it work? Is it safe? The evidence from randomized clinical trials. Seminars in Perinatology 38: 452-64. | Narrative review. |
| Ashok KD, ET AL (2008) A Multi-Centre Randomized Controlled Trial of Light-Emitting Diodes (LED) Versus Compact Fluorescent Tubes (CFT) for Phototherapy in Neonatal Jaundice. Pediatric Academic Society http://www | BL unable to supply |
| Bhethanabhotla S, Deorari A, Paul V et al. (2013) Effect of Infant Position during Phototherapy in Management of Hyperbilirubinemia in Late Preterm and Term Neonates: RCT. Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting | Abstract on an included study. |
| Boo NY, Lee HT (2002) Randomized controlled trial of oral versus intravenous fluid supplementation on serum bilirubin level during phototherapy of term infants with severe hyperbilirubinaemia. [Erratum appears in J Paediatr Child Health 2002 Dec;38(6):625]. Journal of Paediatrics & Child Health 38: 151-5. | Intervention and comparator not as specified in protocol. |
| Boo NY, Chew EL (2006) A randomised control trial of clingfilm for prevention of hypothermia in term infants during phototherapy. Singapore Medical Journal 47: 757-62. | Intervention (clingfilm) not in the review protocol. |
| Broughton PM, Rossiter EJ, Warren CB et al. (1965) Effect of blue light on hyperbilirubinaemia. Archives of Disease in Childhood 40: 666-71. | Intervention and comparator not as specified in protocol. |
| Bryla DA (1985) Randomized, controlled trial of phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Development, design, and sample composition. Pediatrics 75: t-92. | Only the research protocol. |
| Chang YS, Hwang JH, Kwon HN et al. (2005) In vitro and in vivo efficacy of new blue light emitting diode phototherapy compared to conventional halogen quartz phototherapy for neonatal jaundice. Journal of Korean medical science 20: 61-4. | Animal study. |
| Deorari AK, Kumar P, Murki S et al. (2009) A Multi-Centre Randomized Controlled Trial of Light-Emitting Diodes (LED) Versus Compact Fluorescent Tubes (CFT) for Phototherapy in Neonatal Jaundice. Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting; 2009 May 2 5; Baltimore MD, United States | Abstract only, insufficient data for appraisal. |
| Dijk PH, Hulzebos CV (2012) An evidence-based view on hyperbilirubinaemia. Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics.101 (SUPPL.464) (pp 3-10), 2012.Date of Publication: April 2012. 3-10. | Narrative review |
| Donzelli GP, Moroni M, Paparo M et al. (1992) Phototherapy for neonatal jaundice: a comparative study of fiber optic light and fluorescent lamps. Pediatric Research 32: 625A. | Abstract only, insufficient data for appraisal. |
| Donzelli GP, Moroni M, Pratesi S et al. (1996) Fibreoptic phototherapy in the management of jaundice in low birthweight neonates. Acta Paediatrica 85: 366-70. | Not an RCT – sequentially enrolled patients to each group – cohort study. |
| Ebbesen F (2005) Therapeutic Effect of Turquoise Light Versus Blue in Preterm Infants with Jaundice. Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting; 2005 May 14-17; Washington DC, United States | BL unable to supply |
| Ebbesen FO, Agati G (2002) Phototherapy with turquoise versus special blue light in preterm infants with jaundice. Pediatric Research 51: 343A. | Abstract only, insufficient data for appraisal. |
| Edris AA, Ghany EA, Razek AR et al. (2014) The role of intensive phototherapy in decreasing the need for exchange transfusion in neonatal jaundice. JPMA - Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 64: 5-8. | Not an RCT. |
| Eggert P, Hoft S, Stick C (1995) Frequent turning of jaundiced neonates during phototherapy. A simple means of increasing efficacy. Padiatrische Praxis 50: 201-6. | Not in English. |
| Ek-isariyaphorn R, Maneenut R, Kardreunkaew J et al. (2013) The efficacy of the in-house light-emitting diode phototherapy equipment compare to conventional phototherapy equipment on the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand 96: 1536-41. | BL unable to supply |
| Elliott E, Moncrieff MW, George WHS (1974) Phototherapy for hyperbilirubinaemia in low birthweight infants. Archives of Disease in Childhood 49: 60-2. | Not an RCT and not all babies received phototherapy. |
| Ennever JF, Knox I, Speck WT (1986) Differences in bilirubin isomer composition in infants treated with green and white light phototherapy. Journal of Pediatrics 109: 119-22. | Study design unclear, not an RCT. |
| Evans D (2007) Neonatal jaundice. Clinical Evidence 2007, 2007. | Narrative review. |
| Fakhraee SH, Kazemian M, Afjeh SA et al. (2011) Effect of infants’ position during phototherapy on the level of serum bilirubin. Journal of Isfahan Medical School.29 (153) (pp 1169-1175), 2011.Date of Publication: November 2011. 1169-75. | Not in English |
| French S (2003) Phototherapy in the home for jaundiced neonates (Structured abstract). Health Technology Assessment Database: 15. | BL unable to supply |
| Garg AK, Prasad RS, Hifzi IA (1995) A controlled trial of high-intensity double-surface phototherapy on a fluid bed versus conventional phototherapy in neonatal jaundice. Pediatrics 95: 914-6. | Not an RCT. |
| George P, Lynch M (1994) Ohmeda Biliblanket vs Wallaby Phototherapy System for the reduction of bilirubin levels in the home-care setting. Clinical Pediatrics 33: 178-80. | Comparator not in the review protocol (fiberoptic vs. fiberoptic). |
| HAYES, Inc (2007) Phototherapy blankets versus standard phototherapy lights for the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (Structured abstract). Health Technology Assessment Database | BL unable to supply |
| Hysmith T, Hysmith S, Farmer D (1992) A comparison of fiberoptic vs overhead fluorescent bank methods of phototherapy for the home-care-appropriate preterm infant. Journal of Perinatology 12: 91 | Abstract only, insufficient data for appraisal. |
| Iranpour R, Mohammadizadeh M, Nazem-Sadati S (2011) Comparison of two phototherapy Methods (prophylactic vs therapeutic) for management of hyperbilirubinemia in very low birth weight newborns. Iranian Journal of Pediatrics 21: 425-30. | Study looks at when to start phototherapy (within hours of birth versus serum bilirubin trigger) - this is outside the scope of this update. |
| Jangaard KA, Vincer MJ, Allen AC (2007) A randomized trial of aggressive versus conservative phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia in infants weighing less than 1500 g: Short- and long-term outcomes. Paediatrics and Child Health.12 (10) (pp 853-858), 2007.Date of Publication: December 2007. 853-8. | Study looks at when to start phototherapy (within hours of birth versus serum bilirubin trigger) - this is outside the scope of this update. |
| Jodeiry B, Fakhraee S-H, Kazemian M et al. (2013) Rebound hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates admitted to Mofid Children’s Hospital, Tehran, Iran. SAJCH South African Journal of Child Health.7 (1) (pp 22-24), 2013.Date of Publication: 2013. 22-4. | Not an RCT. |
| Kale Y, Aydemir O, Celik U et al. (2013) Effects of phototherapy using different light sources on oxidant and antioxidant status of neonates with jaundice. Intensive Care Medicine.Conference: 24th Annual Meeting of the European Society of Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care, ESPNIC 2013 Rotterdam Netherlands.Conference Start: 20130612 Conference End: 20130615.Conference Publication: (var.pagings).39 (: S15-S16. | Abstract only, insufficient data for appraisal. |
| Kang JH, Shankaran S (1992) Double phototherapy with high irradiance compared with standard phototherapy. Pediatric Research 31: 207A. | Abstract only, insufficient data for appraisal. |
| Kang JH, Shankaran S (1995) Double phototherapy with high irradiance compared with single phototherapy in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. American Journal of Perinatology 12: 178-80. | Not an RCT. |
| Karadag A, Yesilyurt A, Unal S et al. (2009) A chromosomal-effect study of intensive phototherapy versus conventional phototherapy in newborns with jaundice. Mutation Research 676: 17-20. | Not relevant – genetic study. |
| Kargar M, Jamshidi Z, Beheshtipour N et al. (2014) Effect of head covering on phototherapy-induced hypocalcaemia in icterus newborns; a randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Community Based Nursing & Midwifery 2: 121-6. | Intervention not as specified in the review protocol. |
| Kato S, Kakita H, Yamada Y et al. (2014) Cycrobilirubin formation capacity as a novel index in phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in a randomised controlled study. Archives of Disease in Childhood.Conference: 5th Congress of the European Academy of Paediatric Societies, EAPS 2014 Barcelona Spain.Conference Start: 20141017 Conference End: 20141021.Conference Publication: (var.pagings).99 (pp A460), 2014.Date of: A460. | Abstract only, insufficient data for appraisal. |
| Khorana M, Lamloetviriyakit P, Apornviriyawongse P (2012) Outcomes of two different interventions in term neonates with breast milk jaundice. Breastfeeding Medicine.Conference: 17th Annual International Meeting of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine Chicago, IL United States.Conference Start: 20121011 Conference End: 20121014.Conference Publication: (var.pagings).7 (pp S3-S4), 2012.Date: S3-S4. | Abstract only, insufficient data for appraisal. |
| Krueger Jr RC, Hanna L, Bockenhauer S et al. (2001) An unblinded, prospective, randomized trial comparing two methods of phototherapy for neonatal jaundice: efficacy and parental satisfaction. Pediatric Research 49: 324A. | Abstract only, insufficient data for appraisal. |
| Kumar P, Chawla D, Deorari A (2009) Light-emitting diode phototherapy for unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in neonates. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. | Protocol only. |
| Kumar P, Chawla D, Deorari A (2011) Light-emitting diode phototherapy for unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates. [Review]. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews: CD007969. | Cochrane review does not assess all outcomes specified by the topic experts: therefore individual studies within this review have been reviewed separately. Used as cross checking. |
| Kurt A, Aygun AD, Kurt AN et al. (2009) Use of phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia affects cytokine production and lymphocyte subsets. Neonatology 95: 262-6. | Not an RCT and no relevant outcomes. |
| Ludington-Hoe SM, Swinth JY (2001) Kangaroo mother care during phototherapy: effect on bilirubin profile. Neonatal Network - Journal of Neonatal Nursing 20: 41-8. | Not relevant - Comparison of three methods of giving 24 hour phototherapy. |
| Maisels MJ, Kring EA, DeRidder J (2007) Randomized controlled trial of light-emitting diode phototherapy. Journal of Perinatology 27: 565-7. | New recruited patients and readmitted patients groups were merged in the outcomes where the interventions and comparators were slightly different. |
| Maisels MJ, Watchko JF, Bhutani VK et al. (2012) An approach to the management of hyperbilirubinemia in the preterm infant less than 35 weeks of gestation. [Review]. Journal of Perinatology 32: 660-4. | Narrative review. |
| Mali PH (2004) Nurse’s responsibilities in phototherapy. [Review] [5 refs]. Nursing Journal of India 95: 19-20. | Narrative review. |
| Martinez JC, Maisels MJ, Otheguy L et al. (1992) Management of severe hyperbilirubinemia in fullterm newborns-a controlled trial of 4 interventions. Pediatric Research 31: 211A. | BL unable to supply |
| Martins B, Carvalho M (2010) Light-Emitting Diodes versus Compact Fluorescent Tubes for Phototherapy. Indian Pediatrics 47: 979. | Commentary only, not primary RCT. |
| Maurer HM, Kirkpatrick BV, McWilliams NB et al. (1985) Phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia of hemolytic disease of the newborn. Pediatrics 75: 407-12. | Unclear comparator. |
| Mehta S, Kumar P, Narang A (2005) A randomized controlled trial of fluid supplementation in term neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia. Journal of Pediatrics 147: 781-5. | Intervention not as specified in the review protocol. |
| Meritano J, Nieto R, Solana C et al. (2012) Efficacy of conventional blue light lamps vs.. LED phototherapy with two levels of irradiance. Pediatric Research.Conference: 49th Annual Meeting of the Latin American Society for Pediatric Research, LASPR 2011 Guanajuato Mexico.Conference Start: 20111106 Conference End: 20111109.Conference Publication: (var.pagings).72 (1) (pp 109), 2012.Date: 109. | Abstract only, insufficient data for appraisal. |
| Mills JF, Tudehope D (2001) Fibreoptic phototherapy for neonatal jaundice. [Review] [47 refs]. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews: CD002060. | 2001 Cochrane review – only used for cross checking individual studies for inclusion. |
| Mohammadizadeh M, Eliadarani FK, Badiei Z (2012) Is the light-emitting diode a better light source than fluorescent tube for phototherapy of neonatal jaundice in preterm infants? Advanced Biomedical Research 1: 51. | Not an RCT – alternate allocation – cohort study. |
| Myara A, Sender A, Valette V et al. (1997) Early changes in cutaneous bilirubin and serum bilirubin isomers during intensive phototherapy of jaundiced neonates with blue and green light. Biology of the Neonate 71: 75-82. | N<5 each arm, outcomes unclear. |
| Naderi S, Safdarian F, Mazloomi D et al. (2009) Efficacy of double and triple phototherapy in term newborns with hyperbilirubinemia: the first clinical trial. Pediatrics & Neonatology 50: 266-9. | Comparators not in the review protocol (double vs triple conventional PT). |
| Niknafs P, Mortazavi A-A, Torabinejad MH et al. (2008) Intermittent versus continuous phototherapy for reducing neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Iranian Journal of Pediatrics.18 (3) (pp 251-256), 2008.Date of Publication: September 2008. 251-6. | Not relevant - study compares 2 forms of intermittent phototherapy |
| Okwundu CI, Okoromah CAN, Shah PS (2009) Prophylactic phototherapy for preventing jaundice in preterm very low birth weight infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | Not relevant – about prophylaxis. |
| Okwundu CI, Okoromah CA, Shah PS (2012) Prophylactic phototherapy for preventing jaundice in preterm or low birth weight infants. [Review]. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 1: CD007966. | Cochrane review focuses on timing of phototherapy initiation - before bilirubin has reached a pre-specified level versus therapy starting when bilirubin has reached a certain level: this is outside of the scope of this update. |
| Okwundu CI, Okoromah CA, Shah PS (2013) Prophylactic phototherapy for preventing jaundice in preterm or low birth weight infants (Structured abstract). Evidence-Based Child Health 8: 204-49. | Abstract of a Cochrane review that has been requested. |
| Olah J, Toth-Molnar E, Kemeny L et al. (2013) Long-term hazards of neonatal blue-light phototherapy. [Review]. British Journal of Dermatology 169: 243-9. | Narrative review |
| Onyango AB, Suresh G, Were F (2009) Intermittent phototherapy versus continuous phototherapy for neonatal jaundice. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | Only protocol for Cochrane review |
| Outerbridge EW, Beaudry MA, Chance GW (1986) Use of phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Canadian Medical Association Journal.134 (11) (pp 1237-1245), 1986.Date of Publication: 1986. 1237-45. | Narrative review |
| Pritchard MA, Beller EM, Norton B (2004) Skin exposure during conventional phototherapy in preterm infants: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Paediatrics & Child Health 40: 270-4. | Comparators not in review protocol - comparison of 2 combinations of positioning combined with clothing. |
| Rodgers N, Yuille G, Guillet R et al. (2013) Phototherapy in Moderately Preterm Neonates with Non-Hemolytic Hyperbilirubinemia: Indications for Discontinuation. Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting | BL unable to supply |
| Romagnoli C, Polidori G (1976) Growth of preterm babies during and after phototherapy. <ORIGINAL> ACCRESCIMENTO PONDERALE IN NEONATI PRETERMINE DURANTE E DOPO FOTOTERAPIA. RIVITALPEDIAT 2: 323-8. | BL unable to supply |
| Romagnoli C, Frezza S, Greco F et al. (1994) Phototherapic treatment of the hyperbilirubinemia of the full-term neonate: Fiberoptic or conventional systems? Aggiornamento pediatrico 45: 61-7. | Not in English. |
| Romagnoli C, Frezza S, Menonna NM et al. (1995) Fiberoptic phototherapy or conventional phototherapy in the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Rivista italiana di pediatria [Italian journal of pediatrics] 21: 198-205. | Not in English. |
| Rosenfeld W, Twist P, Concepcion L (1990) A new device for phototherapy treatment of jaundiced infants. Journal of Perinatology 10: 243-8. | Study not an RCT - subjects were allocated to groups based on preference of physician and agreement of parents. |
| Sachdeva M, Murki S, Oleti TP et al. (2014) Intermittent versus continuous phototherapy for the treatment of neonatal non-hemolytic moderate hyperbilirubinemia in infants more than 34 weeks of gestational age: a randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Pediatrics | Methodology flaw – it’s an interim report where the trial stopped early as positive results were identified. (duplicate) |
| Sachdeva M, Murki S, Oleti TP et al. (2015) Intermittent versus continuous phototherapy for the treatment of neonatal non-hemolytic moderate hyperbilirubinemia in infants more than 34 weeks of gestational age: a randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Pediatrics 174: 177-81. | Methodology flaw – it’s an interim report where the trial stopped early as positive results were identified. |
| Sadeghnia A, Ganji M, Armanian AM (2014) A comparison between the effect of fluorescent lamps and quartz halogen incandescent filament lamps on the treatment of hyperbilirobinemia in newborns with the gestational age of 35 weeks or more. International Journal of Preventive Medicine.5 (9) (pp 1186-1191), 2014.Date of Publication: 01 Sep 2014. 1186-91. | No extractable data, unclear how TSB was reported with different denominators. |
| Saeidi R, Heydarian F, Fakehi V (2009) Role of intravenous extra fluid therapy in icteric neonates receiving phototherapy. Saudi Medical Journal 30: 1176-9. | Intervention not as specified in protocol. |
| Saeidi R, Heydarian F, Fakehi V et al. (2009) Role of intravenous extra fluid therapy in icteric neonates receiving phototherapy Early nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation versus continuous positive airway pressure for respiratory distress syndrome. Saudi Medical Journal 30: 1176-9. | Not relevant. |
| Sarici SU, Alpay F, Unay B et al. (1999) Comparison of the efficacy of conventional special blue light phototherapy and fiberoptic phototherapy in the management of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia. Acta Paediatrica 88: 1249-53. | Not an RCT. |
| Sarici SU, Alpay F, Unay B et al. (2000) Double versus single phototherapy in term newborns with significant hyperbilirubinemia. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 46: 36-9. | Not an RCT. |
| Sarin M, Dutta S, Narang A (2006) Randomized controlled trial of compact fluorescent lamp versus standard phototherapy for the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Indian Pediatrics 43: 583-90. | Comparison not in the review protocol (type of blue burb). |
| Schuman AJ, Karush G (1992) Fiberoptic vs conventional home phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Clinical Pediatrics 31: 345-52. | Study not an RCT, treatment group was based on availability of phototherapy and preference of the clinician. |
| Sharma SK, Sood SC, Sharma A et al. (1985) Double versus single surface phototherapy in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Indian Pediatrics 22: 235-9. | Not an RCT. |
| Shoemaker MD, Ellis MR, Meadows S (2003) Should jaundiced infants be breastfed? Journal of Family Practice.52 (11) (pp 895-896), 2003.Date of Publication: November 2003. 895-6. | Narrative review |
| Silva I, Luco M, Tapia JL et al. (2009) Single vs. double phototherapy in the treatment of full-term newborns with nonhemolytic hyperbilirubinemia. Jornal de Pediatria 85: 455-8. | Not in English. |
| Slusher TM, Olusanya BO, Vreman HJ et al. (2013) Treatment of neonatal jaundice with filtered sunlight in Nigerian neonates: study protocol of a non-inferiority, randomized controlled trial. Trials [Electronic Resource] 14: 446. | Only a research protocol for an ongoing trial. |
| Srivastava KL, Misra PK, Kaul R et al. (1980) Double surface phototherapy versus single surface phototherapy in neonatal jaundice. Indian Journal of Medical Research 71: 746-50. | Study design unclear, not an RCT. |
| Tabb PA, Savage DC, Inglis J et al. (1972) Controlled trial of phototherapy of limited duration in the treatment of physiological hyperbilirubinaemia in low-birth-weight infants. Lancet 2: 1211-2. | Intervention and comparator not as specified in protocol; study examines groups of different durations of phototherapy. |
| Tan KL, Chow MT, Karim SMM (1977) The nature of the dose response relationship of phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Journal of Pediatrics 90: 448-2. | Study design unclear, not an RCT. |
| Tan KL (1994) Comparison of the efficacy of fiberoptic and conventional phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Journal of Pediatrics 125: 607-12. | Not an RCT – no randomisation. |
| Tayman C, Tatli MM, Aydemir S et al. (2010) Overhead is superior to underneath light-emitting diode phototherapy in the treatment of neonatal jaundice: a comparative study. Journal of Paediatrics & Child Health 46: 234-7. | Not an RCT – clinical team decided which treatment to allocate rather than randomisation. |
| Thaithumyanon P, Visutiratmanee C (2002) Double phototherapy in jaundiced term infants with hemolysis. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand 85: 1176-81. | Study not an RCT - participants were divided into groups based on the availability of the phototherapy bed. |
| Thitiratsanont N, Chamnanvanakij S (2013) Efficacy of a Local Made Phototherapy Device Using Light-Emitting Diodes (LED) Lamps for Treatment of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia. Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting | Abstract only, insufficient data for appraisal. |
| Tridente A, De LD (2012) Efficacy of light-emitting diode versus other light sources for treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. [Review]. Acta Paediatrica 101: 458-65. | Systematic review does not assess the same outcomes specified by the topic experts - individual studies included in this review have therefore been reviewed separately. Used as cross-checking. |
| Tyson JE, Pedroza C, Langer J et al. (2012) Does aggressive phototherapy increase mortality while decreasing profound impairment among the smallest and sickest newborns? Journal of Perinatology 32: 677-84. | Intervention and comparator not as specified in the review protocol. |
| Uras N, Karadag A, Tonbul A et al. (2009) Comparison of light emitting diode phototherapy and double standard conventional phototherapy for nonhemolytic neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 39: 337-41. | Study design unclear, not an RCT. |
| Woodall D, Karas JG (1992) A new light on jaundice A pilot study. Clinical Pediatrics 31: 353-6. | Not relevant – about home therapy and N<10 per arm. |
| Woodgate P, Jardine LA (2011) Neonatal jaundice. Clinical Evidence 2011, 2011. | 2010 review article, used to cross check individual studies for inclusion. |
| Xiong T, Qu Y, Cambier S et al. (2011) The side effects of phototherapy for neonatal jaundice: what do we know? What should we do?. [Review]. European Journal of Pediatrics 170: 1247-55. | Narrative review. |
| Zainab K, Adlina S (2004) Effectiveness of home versus hospital phototherapy for term infants with uncomplicated hyperbilirubinemia: a pilot study in Pahang, Malaysia. Medical Journal of Malaysia 59: 395-401. | Not an RCT – matched cohort study. |
F.2. Review question 3
| Reference | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Conseil d’Evaluation des Technologies de la Sante. (2008) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in the context of early postnatal discharge. Health Technology Assessment Database. | Narrative review |
| Is visual assessment a reliable way to estimate bilirubin levels? (2008) Journal of Family Practice. 57: 504. | Commentary |
| Transcutaneous bilirubinometry for the screening of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia ?35 weeks’ gestation (2013) Health Technology Assessment Database. 155. | Unable to supply (abstract only) |
| Acosta-Torres,S.M., Torres-Espina,M.T., Colina-Araujo,J.A., Colina-Chourio,J.A. (2012) Usefullness of the Kramer’s index in the diagnosis of hyperbilirubinemia of the newborn. Investigacion ClinicaI. 53: 148-156. | Study not in English |
| Afanetti,M., Eleni dit,Trolli S., Yousef,N., Jrad,I., Mokhtari,M. (2014) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry is not influenced by term or skin color in neonates. Early Human Development. 90: 417-420. | Retrospective study |
| Akahira-Azuma,M., Yonemoto, N., Ganzorig,B.. Mori,R., Hosokawa,S., Matsushita,T., Bavuusuren,B., Shonkhuuz,E. (2013) Validation of a transcutaneous bilirubin meter in Mongolian neonates: comparison with total serum bilirubin, BMC pediatrics. 13: 151. | Index test and reference standard not within one hour of each other but 3 hours. |
| Akman,Y., ArIkan,C., Bylgen,H., Kalaca,S., Ozek,E. (2002) Transcutaneous measurement of bilirubin by icterometer during phototherapy on a bilibeds. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences. 32: 165-168. | Evaluation of transcutaneous bilirubin during phototherapy; tests would perform differently in this situation. |
| Amato,M., Huppi,P., Markus,D. (1990) Assessment of neonatal jaundice in low birth weight infants comparing transcutaneous, capillary and arterial bilirubin levels. European journal of pediatrics. 150: 59-61. | Device studied is JM-101; not of interest |
| Azzuqa, A., Watchko, JF. (2015) Bilirubin concentrations in jaundiced neonates with conjunctival icterus. The journal of paediatrics. 167: 840-844 | Tests were performed not within an hour of each other but 4 hours. Also, method used to measure TSB not reported. |
| Bauchner,H. (2009) Predicting hyperbilirubinemia in newborns. Archives of Disease in Childhood: Education and Practice. 94: 192. | Unable to source study |
| Beck,M., Kau,N., Schlebusch,H. (2003) Transcutaneous bilirubin measurement in newborn infants: evaluation of a new spectrophotometric method. Archives of disease in childhood. 88: F350-F351. | Study is a letter |
| Bental,Y.A., Shiff,Y., Dorsht,N., Litig,E., Tuval,L., Mimouni,F.B. (2009) Bhutani-based nomograms for the prediction of significant hyperbilirubinaemia using transcutaneous measurements of bilirubin. Acta paediatrica. 98: 1902-1908. | Reference standard not current |
| Bertini,G., Pratesi,S., Cosenza,E., Dani,C. (2008) Transcutaneous bilirubin measurement: evaluation of Bilitest. Neonatology. 93: 101-105. | Reference standard not current - TSB levels were measured by 2 different methods (1. radiometer 2. GB 13/A bilirubinometer), one of which is not the current reference standard. It is unclear how many subjects TSB levels were measured by the current reference standard. |
| Bhardwaj,H.P., Narang,A., Bhakoo,O.N. (1989) Evaluation of Minolta jaundicemeter and icterometer for assessment of neonatal jaundice. Indian pediatrics. 26: 161-165. | Reference standard not current |
| Bhat,V., Srinivasan,S., Usha,T.S., Puri,R.K. (1987) Correlation of transcutaneous bilirubinometry with serum bilirubin in south Indian neonates. The Indian journal of medical research. 86: 49-52. | Device studied is JM-101; not of interest |
| Bhutani,V.K., Gourley,G.R., Adler,S., Kreamer,B., Dalin,C., Johnson,L.H. (2000) Noninvasive measurement of total serum bilirubin in a multiracial predischarge newborn population to assess the risk of severe hyperbilirubinaemia. Pediatrics. 106: E17 | Reference standard not current |
| Bhutani,V.K., Johnson,L.H. (2001) Jaundice technologies: prediction of hyperbilirubinemia in term and near-term newborns. Journal of perinatology:official journal of the California Perinatal Association. 21: S76-S77. | Narrative review |
| Bhutta,Z.A., Yusuf,K. (1991) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in Pakistani newborns: a preliminary report. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association. 41: 155-156. | Device studied is JM-101; not of interest |
| Bilgen,H., Ince,Z., Ozek,E., Bekiroglu,N., Ors,R. (1998) Transcutaneous measurement of hyperbilirubinaemia: comparison of the Minolta jaundice meter and the Ingram icterometer. Annals of tropical paediatrics. 18: 325-328. | Reference standard not current |
| Boo,NY., Bakar,A.A. (1984) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in Malay, Chinese and Indian term neonates. The Medical journal of Malaysia. 39: 35-37. | Device studied is JM-101; not of interest |
| Bosschaart,N., Kok,Joke H., Newsum,Astrid M., Ouweneel,Dagmar M., Mentink,R., van Leeuwen,Ton G., Aalders,Maurice C.G. (2012) Limitations and opportunities of transcutaneous bilirubin measurements. Pediatrics, 129: 689-694. | Reference standard not current. |
| Bourchier,D., Cull,A.B., Oettli,P.E. (1987) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry: 22 months experience at Waikato Women’s Hospital. The New Zealand medical journal. 100: 599-600. | Unclear timing of tests and reference standard not current |
| Brown,L.P., Arnold,L., Allison,D., Jacobsen,B., Klein,M.E., Charsha,D. (1990) Transcutaneous bilirubinometer: intermeter reliability. Journal of perinatology: official journal of the California Perinatal Association. 10: 167-169. | Reference standard not current |
| Carbonell,X., Botet,F., Figueras,J., Riu-Godo,A. (2001) Prediction of hyperbilirubinaemia in the healthy term newborn. Acta paediatrica. 90: 166-170. | Reference standard not current |
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| Chang,Y.H., Hsieh,W.-S., Chou,H.C., Chen,C.Y., Wu,J.Y., Tsao,P.N. (2006) The effectiveness of a noninvasive transcutaneous bilirubin meter in reducing the need for blood sampling in Taiwanese neonates. Clinical Neonatology. 13: 60-63. | Reference standard not current |
| Chawla,D., Jain,S., Kaur,G., Sinhmar,V., Guglani,V. (2014) Accuracy of transcutaneous bilirubin measurement in preterm low-birth-weight neonates. European journal of pediatrics. 173: 173-179. | Reference standard not current |
| Christo,G.G., Kamath,S., Aroor,A.R., Venkatesh,A. (1988) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in newborns. Indian pediatrics. 25: 1073-1077. | Reference standard not current |
| Coda Zabetta,C.D., Iskander,I.F., Greco,C., Bellarosa,C., Demarini,S., Tiribelli,C., Wennberg,R.P. (2013) Bilistick: a low-cost point-of-care system to measure total plasma bilirubin. Neonatology. 103: 177-181. | Unclear timing of tests |
| Conceicao,CM., Dornaus,M., Portella,MA., Deutsch,Alice D.A., Rebello,CM. (2014) Influence of assessment site in measuring transcutaneous bilirubin. Einstein. 12: 11-15. | Unclear timing of tests and method used to measure serum bilirubin not reported |
| Crawford-Faucher, A. (2010) Transcutaneous bilirubin nomogram can predict significant hyperbilirubinaemia. American Family Physician. 82: 427-428. | No relevant data; TcB nomogram for assessing the risk of subsequent hyperbilirubinaemia |
| Crofts,D.J., Michel,V.J., Rigby,A.S., Tanner,M.S., Hall,D.M., Bonham,J.R. (1999) Assessment of stool colour in community management of prolonged jaundice in infancy. Acta paediatrica 88: 969-974. | Project report (non-diagnostic study) |
| De Luca,D., Zecca,E., Corsello,M., Tiberi,E., Semeraro,C., Romagnoli,C. (2008) Attempt to improve transcutaneous bilirubinometry: a double-blind study of Medick BiliMed versus Respironics BiliCheck. Archives of disease in childhood: Fetal and neonatal edition. 93: F135-F139. | Reference standard not current |
| De Luca,D., Zecca,E., de Turris,P., Barbato,G., Marras,M., Romagnoli,C. (2007) Using BiliCheck for preterm neonates in a sub-intensive unit: diagnostic usefulness and suitability. Early human development. 83: 313-317. | Reference standard not current |
| De Luca,D., Zecca,E, Zuppa,A., Romagnoli,C. (2008) The joint use of human and electronic eye: visual assessment of jaundice and transcutaneous bilirubinometry. The Turkish journal of pediatrics. 50: 456-461. | Reference standard not current |
| Donzelli,G., Pratesi,S. (2000) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in healthy preterm newborns. Clinical biochemistry. 33: 505-508. | Reference standard not current |
| Ebbesen,F., Rasmussen,L.M., Wimberley,P.D. (2002) A new transcutaneous bilirubinometer, BiliCheck, used in the neonatal intensive care unit and the maternity ward. Acta paediatrica. 91: 203-211. | Unclear timing of tests |
| Fakhraee,S.H., Haji-Ebrahim-Tehrani,F., Amid,M.H., Kazemian,M. (2002) Results of urine and blood cultures in healthy jaundiced newborns: Making the correct choice. Archives of Iranian Medicine. 5: 88-90. | Study assesses the incidence of various infections in neonates with jaundice; no relevant data |
| Felc,Zlata. (2005) Improvement of conventional transcutaneous bilirubinometry results in term newborn infants. American journal of perinatology. 22: 173-179. | Device studied is JM-101; not of interest |
| Fok,T.F., Lau,S.P., Hui,C.W., Fung,K.P., Wan,C.W. (1986) Transcutaneous bilirubinometer: its use in Chinese term infants and the effect of haematocrit and phototherapy on the TcB index. Australian paediatric journal. 22: 107-109. | Reference standard not current |
| Fonseca,R., Kyralessa,R., Malloy,M., Richardson,J., Jain,S.K. (2012) Covered skin transcutaneous bilirubin estimation is comparable with serum bilirubin during and after phototherapy. Journal of Perinatology. 32: 129-131. | Accuracy of tests during and after phototherapy |
| Ford,Karen L. (2010) Detecting neonatal jaundice. Community practitioner: the journal of the Community Practitioners’ & Health Visitors’ Association. 83: 40-42. | Summary of NICE guidance |
| Furlan,D., Zalec,L., Pavlin,T., Gradecki,M., Mevzelj,D.O., Bratanic,B. (2013) Prediction of hyperbilirubinemia by noninvasive methods in full-term newborns. Zdravniski Vestnik. 82: 158-163. | Study not in English |
| Goldman,S.L., Penalver,A., Penaranda,R. (1982) Jaundice meter: evaluation of new guidelines. The Journal of pediatrics. 101: 253-256. | Reference standard not current |
| Grabenhenrich,J., Grabenhenrich,L., Buhrer,C., Berns,M. (2014) Transcutaneous bilirubin after phototherapy in term and preterm infants. Pediatric. 134: e1324-e1329. | Study examines accuracy of tests after the course of phototherapy |
| Gupta,P.C., Kumari,S., Mullick,D.N., Lal,U.B. (1991) Icterometer: a useful screening tool for neonatal jaundice. Indian pediatrics. 28: 473-476. | Reference standard not current |
| Hamel,B.C. (1982) Usefulness of icterometer in black newborns with jaundice. Tropical doctor. 12: 213-214. | Reference standard not current |
| Hannemann,R.E., Schreiner,R.L., DeWitt,D.P., Norris,S.A., Glick,M.R. (1982) Evaluation of the Minolta bilirubin meter as a screening device in caucasian and black infants. Pediatrics. 69: 107-109. | Unclear timing of tests. Also, TSB was measured by 2 different methods, one of which is not the current reference standard (unclear how many subjects were tested using the current method). |
| Harish,R., Sharma,D.B. (1998) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in neonates: evaluation of Minolta Air shields jaundicemeter. Indian pediatrics. 35: 264-267. | Reference standard not current |
| Harkness,R.A., Lawrence,C.R., Renshaw,A., Barr,I.C., Brown,S.S., Rinsler,M.G. (1983) Assessment of the performance and clinical utility of a ward side-room bilirubinometers. Annals of clinical biochemistry. 20: 149-152. | No relevant data |
| Hartshorn,D., Buckmaster,A. (2010) ‘Halving the heel pricks’: evaluation of a neonatal jaundice protocol incorporating the use of a transcutaneous bilirubinometers. Journal of paediatrics and child health. 46: 595-599. | Study aims to assess the impact of a new jaundice protocol incorporating the use of transcutaneous meters in a post-natal ward. |
| Hatzenbuehler,L., Zaidi,A.K.M., Sundar,S., Sultana,S., Abbasi,F., Rizvi,A., Darmstadt,G.L. (2010) Validity of neonatal jaundice evaluation by primary health-care workers and physicians in Karachi, Pakistan. Journal of perinatology: official journal of the California. 30: 616-621. | Unclear timing of tests |
| HAYES. Transcutaneous bilirubin measurement (Structured abstract), Health Technology Assessment Database, 2010 | Unable to supply |
| Hegyi,T., Hiatt,I.M., Gertner,I., Indyk,L. (1981)Transcutaneous bilirubinometry. The cephalocaudal progression of dermal icterus. American journal of diseases of children. 135: 547-549. | No relevant data |
| Hegyi,T., Hiatt,I.M., Indyk,L. (1981) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry. I. Correlations in term infants. The Journal of pediatrics. 98: 454-457. | Reference standard not current |
| Hemmati,F., Kiyani Rad,N.A. (2013) The value of bilicheck as a screening tool for neonatal jaundice in the South of Iran. Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences. 38: 122-128. | Reference standard not current |
| Ho,E.Y.W., Lee,S.Y.R., Chow,C.B., Chung,J.W.Y. (2006) BiliCheck transcutaneous bilirubinometer: a screening tool for neonatal jaundice in the Chinese population. Hong Kong medical journal. 12: 99-102. | Reference standard not current - TSB levels were measured by 2 different methods, one of which is not the current reference standard. It is unclear how many subjects TSB levels were measured by the current reference standard. |
| Ho,H.T., Ng,T.K., Tsui,K.C., Lo,Y.C. (2006) Evaluation of a new transcutaneous bilirubinometer in Chinese newborns. Archives of disease in childhood. 91: F434-F43. | Reference standard not current |
| Jafarzadeh,M., Mohammadzadeh,A. (2009) Should urine culture be considered in the hyperbilirubinemia workup of neonate. Journal of Chinese Clinical Medicine. 4: 136-138. | No relevant outcomes; study does not assess the correlation between urine culture results and TSB levels |
| Janjindamai,W., Tansantiwong,T. (2005) Accuracy of transcutaneous bilirubinometer estimates using BiliCheck in Thai neonates. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand. 88: 187-190. | Reference standard not current |
| Kaplan,M., Shchors,I., Algur,N., Bromiker,R., Schimmel,Michael S., Hammerman,C. (2008) Visual screening versus transcutaneous bilirubinometry for predischarge jaundice assessment. Acta paediatrica. 97: 759-763. | Reference standard not current |
| Karolyi,L., Pohlandt,F., Muche,R., Franz,A.R., Mihatsch,W.A. (2004) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in very low birthweight infants. Acta paediatrica. 93: 941-944. | Method for measuring TSB not reported |
| Karon,Brad S., Wickremasinghe,Andrea C., Lo,Stanley F., Saenger,Amy K., Cook,Walter J. (2010) BiliChek transcutaneous bilirubin meter overestimates serum bilirubin as measured by the Doumas reference method. Clinical biochemistry. 43: 1009-1012. | Study aims to test the acccuracy of a recalibration scheme by comparing relationship between TcB and TSB before and after reassignment of calibrator setpoints. |
| Karrar,Z., al Habib,S., al Basit,O.B., Ashong,F., Osundwa,V. (1989) Transcutaneous bilirubin measurements in Saudi infants: the use of the jaundice meter to identify significant jaundice. Annals of tropical paediatrics. 9: 59-61. | Reference standard not current |
| Kazmierczak,Steven C., Robertson,Alex F., Briley,Kimberly P., Kreamer,Bill, Gourley,Glenn R. (2004) Transcutaneous measurement of bilirubin in newborns: comparison with an automated Jendrassik-Grof procedure and HPLC. Clinical chemistry. 50: 433-435. | Results not extractable; in graph format without accompanying numbers |
| Keren,R. Tremont,K. Luan,X. Cnaan,A. (2009) Visual assessment of jaundice in term and late preterm infants. Archives of disease in childhood. 94: F317-F322. | Index test and reference standard were not performed within an hour but 8 hours of each other. Also, visual assessment was compared to bilirubin obtained as a TcB or TSB therefore comparator not met. |
| Kitsommart,R., Pornladnun,P., Chomchai,C., Urujchutchairut,P., Paes,B. (2013) Accuracy and precision of transcutaneous bilirubinometry in postdischarge Asian neonates. European journal of pediatrics. 172: 781-786. | Unclear timing of tests and number who previously received phototherapy unclear. |
| Knudsen,A. (1995) Predicting the need for phototherapy in healthy mature neonates using transcutaneous bilirubinometry on the first postnatal day. Biology of the neonate. 68: 398-403. | Tests not within one hour of each other and method for measuring plasma bilirubin not reported |
| Knudsen,A. (1990) Measurement of the yellow colour of the skin as a test of hyperbilirubinemia in mature newborns. Acta paediatrica. 79: 1175-1181. | Device studied is JM-101; not of interest |
| Knudsen,A. (1990) The cephalocaudal progression of jaundice in newborns in relation to the transfer of bilirubin from plasma to skin. Early human development. 22: 23-28. | Device studied is JM-101; not of interest |
| Knudsen,A., Brodersen,R. (1989) Skin colour and bilirubin in neonates, Archives of disease in childhood. 64: 605-609. | Study uses JM-101- device not of interest |
| Knudsen,A., Ebbesen,F. (1996) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in neonatal intensive care units, Archives of disease in childhood. 75: F53-F56. | No relevant data; study examines the influence of different factors on the association between jaundice meter readings and plasma bilirubin concentration. |
| Knudsen,A., Kruse,C., Ebbesen,F. (1993) Detection of hyperbilirubinemia by skin color measurements in icteric newborn infants at 5 to 14 days of age. Acta paediatrica. 82: 510-513. | Study design and timing of test unclear |
| Kumar,A. (1992) Micro-invasive management of neonatal bilirubinemia. Indian pediatrics. 29: 1101-1106. | Study examines JM-101; device not of interest |
| Kumar,A., Faridi,M.M., Singh,N., Ahmad,S.H. (1994) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in the management of bilirubinemia in term neonates. Indian journal of medical research. 99: 227-230. | Secondary publication of Kumar 1992. |
| Lacaze-Masmonteil,T., Tyrrell,J., Watts,R., Kimak,C., Etches,P., Chinnery,H. (2012) The Use of Transcutaneous Bilirubinometry for Monitoring Jaundiced Newborns in the Community Reduces the Need for Blood Sampling with No Increased Risk of Severe Hyperbilirubinemia: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting. | Conference abstract |
| Laeeq,A., Yasin,M., Chaudhry,A.R. (1993) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry: clinical application. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association. 43: 28-30. | Device studied is JM-101; not of interest |
| Lam,Tommy S.K., Tsui,K.L., Kam,C.W. (2008) Evaluation of a pointof-care transcutaneous bilirubinometer in Chinese neonates at an accident and emergency department. Hong Kong medical journal. 14: 356-360. | Reference standard not current |
| Leung, T.S., Kapur, K., Guilliam, A., Okell, J., Lim,B., MacDonald, LW., Meek, J. (2015) Screening neonatal jaundice based on the sclera color of the eye using digital photography | Method used to measure TSB not reported and timing of tests unclear. |
| Liang,I.S., Lin,J.H., Chen,S.H., Eitzman,D.V. (1983) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in Chinese term infants. Acta Paediatrica. 24: 8-13. | Reference standard not current |
| Lin,Y.J., Ju,S.H., Lin,C.H. (1993) The clinical application of transcutaneous bilirubinometry in full-term Chinese infants. Zhonghua Minguo xiao er ke yi xue hui za zhi. 34: 69-76. | Reference standard not current |
| Luu,M.N., Le,L.T., Tran,B.H., Duong,T.K., Nguyen,H.T., Le,V.T., Partridge,J.C. (2014) Home-use icterometry in neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia: Cluster-randomised controlled trial in Vietnam. Journal of paediatrics and child health. 50: 674-679. | Cluster RCT to assess the use of home based icterometry to improve parental recognition of jaundice; no comparison to serum bilirubin |
| Maconi,M., Perathoner,C., Tonetto,P., Garzena,E., Prandi,G., Martano,C. (2002) The effectiveness of the BiliCheck method in roomed-in newborns. Italian journal of pediatrics. 28: 191-192. | Letter |
| Madlon-Kay,D.J. (1997) Recognition of the presence and severity of newborn jaundice by parents, nurses, physicians, and icterometer. Pediatrics. 100: E3. | Method used to measure TSB not reported |
| Madlon-Kay,D.J. (2001) Home health nurse clinical assessment of neonatal jaundice: comparison of 3 methods. Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine. 155: 583-586. | Method used to measure TSB not reported |
| Madlon-Kay,Diane J. (2002) Maternal assessment of neonatal jaundice after hospital discharge. The Journal of family practice. 51: 445-448. | Unclear timing of tests - nurse obtained bilirubin measurements within 7 days of discharge of infant. Also, method used to measure TSB not reported. |
| Mah,Michael P., Clark,Steven L., Akhigbe,E., Englebright,J., Frye,Donna K., Meyers,Janet A., Perlin,Jonathan B., Rodriguez,M., Shepard,A. (2010) Reduction of severe hyperbilirubinemia after institution of predischarge bilirubin screening, Pediatrics, 125: e1143-e1148. | Study looks at the efficacy of a universal predischarge neonatal bilirubin screening program in reducing potentially dangerous hyperbilirubinaemia; no relevant data |
| Mahajan,G., Kaushal,R.K., Sankhyan,N., Sharma,R.L., Nakra,M. (2005) Transcutaneous bilirubinometer in assessment of neonatal jaundice in northern India. Indian pediatrics. 42: 41-45. | Reference standard not current |
| Maisels,M.J., Ostrea,Enrique M.J., Touch,S., Clune,Sarah E., Cepeda,E., Kring,E., Gracey,K., Jackson,C., Talbot,D., Huang,R. (2004) Evaluation of a new transcutaneous bilirubinometers. Pediatrics. 113: 1628-1635. | Reference standard not current |
| Merritt,K.A., Coulter,D.M. (1994) Application of the Gosset icterometer to screen for clinically significant hyperbilirubinemia in premature infants. Journal of perinatology. 14: 58-65. | Method used to measure TSB not reported |
| Michaelsson,M. (1972) Evaluation of a method for determination of bilirubin in serum using direct spectrophotometry. Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. 30: 387-390. | Intervention not as specified in protocol |
| Mohamed,I., Blanchard,A.C., Delvin,E., Cousineau,J., Carceller,A. (2014) Plotting transcutaneous bilirubin measurements on specific transcutaneous nomogram results in better prediction of significant hyperbilirubinemia in healthy term and near-term newborns: a pilot study. Neonatology. 105: 306-311. | Retrospective study and timing of tests not within one hour of each other |
| Mohieldeen Alsafadi,T.R., Abdullah,Alsaedi S. (2015) The accuracy of transcutaneous bilirubin measurements in preterm infants. Journal of Clinical Neonatology. 4: 18-21. | Reference standard not current |
| Moyer,V.A., Ahn,C., Sneed,S. (2000) Accuracy of clinical judgment in neonatal jaundice. Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine. 154: 391-394. | Method used to measure TSB not reported |
| Moyer,V.A., Ahn,C., Sneed,S. (2000) Clinical examination could not accurately predict neonatal jaundice. Evidence-Based Medicine. 5: 187. | Commentary |
| Mussavi,M., Niknafs,P., Bijari,B. (2013) Determining the correlation and accuracy of three methods of measuring neonatal bilirubin concentration. Iranian Journal of Pediatrics. 23: 333-339. | Insufficient details of the reference standard used in the study |
| Nagar,G., Vandermeer, B., Campbell,S., Kumar,M. (2013) Reliability of transcutaneous bilirubin devices in preterm infants: a systematic review. Pediatrics. 132: 871-881. | Criteria used in this systematic review is not the same as the protocol for this question therefore studies included in this review have been assessed on an individual basis. |
| Namba,F., Kitajima,H. (2007) Utility of a new transcutaneous jaundice device with two optical paths in premature infants. Pediatrics international: official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society. 49: 497-501. | Reference standard not current |
| Nanjundaswamy,S., Petrova,A., Mehta,R., Hegyi,T. (2005) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in preterm infants receiving phototherapy. American journal of perinatology. 22: 127-131. | Accuracy of tests in infants receiving phototherapy; tests would perform differently in this situation |
| Narang,A., Buche,V.B. (1983) Evaluation of the Minolta Jaundice Meter as a screening device in Indian babies: a preliminary communication. Indian pediatrics. 20: 583-585. | Reference standard not current |
| Narayanan,I., Banwalikar,J., Mehta,R., Ghorpade,M., Peesay,M.R., Nanda,S., Seth,H.N. (1990) A simple method of evaluation of jaundice in the newborn. Annals of tropical paediatrics. 10: 31-34. | Reference standard not current and unclear timing of tests |
| Neocleous,C., Adramerina,A., Limnaios,S., Symeonidis,S., Spanou,C., Malakozi,M., Mpampalis,E. (2014) A comparison between transcutaneous and total serum bilirubin in healthy-term greek neonates with clinical jaundice. Prague medical report. 115: 33-42. | Reference standard not current |
| Palmer,D.C., Zenner,E.M., Drew,J.H. (1982) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry: use in Australia. Australian paediatric journal. 18: 273-276. | Device studied is JM-101; not of interest |
| Panburana,J., Boonkasidach,S., Rearkyai,S. (2010) Accuracy of transcutaneous bilirubinometry compare to total serum bilirubin measurement. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand. 93: S81-S86. | Unable to source |
| Poland,Ronald L., Hartenberger,C., McHenry,H., Hsi,A. (2004) Comparison of skin sites for estimating serum total bilirubin in in-patients and out-patients: chest is superior to brow. Journal of perinatology: official journal of the California. 24: 541-543. | Retrospective study |
| Raimondi,F., Lama,S., Landolfo,F., Sellitto,M., Borrelli,AC., Maffucci,R., Milite,P., Capasso,L. (2012) Measuring transcutaneous bilirubin: a comparative analysis of three devices on a multiracial population. BMC pediatrics. 12: 70. | Reference standard not current |
| Randeberg,L., Roll,EB., Nilsen,L.T.N., Christensen,T., Svaasand,L.O. (2005) In vivo spectroscopy of jaundiced newborn skin reveals more than a bilirubin index. Acta paediatrica. 94: 65-71. | Ways to improve algorithm for calculating transcutaneous bilirubin index |
| Reyes,Christine A., Stednitz,Donald R., Hahn,Carol, Mutchie,Kelly D., McCullough,Steven R., Kronberg,Kent. (2008) Evaluation of the BiliChek being used on hyperbilirubinemic newborns undergoing home phototherapy. Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine. 132: 684-689. | Evaluation of transcutaneous bilirubinometer during phototherapy; tests would perform differently in this situation. |
| Riskin,A., Kugelman,A., Kuglman,A., Abend-Weinger,M., Green,M., Hemo,M., Bader,D. (2003) In the eye of the beholder: how accurate is clinical estimation of jaundice in newborns?, Acta paediatrica. 92: 574-576. | Reference standard not current |
| Riskin,A., Tamir,A., Kugelman,A., Hemo,M., Bader,D. (2008) Is visual assessment of jaundice reliable as a screening tool to detect significant neonatal hyperbilirubinemia? The Journal of pediatrics. 152: 782-782. | Reference standard not current |
| Romagnoli,C., Catenazzi,P., Barone,G., Giordano,L., Riccardi,R., Zuppa,A.A., Zecca,E. (2013) BiliCheck vs JM-103 in identifying neonates not at risk of hyperbilirubinaemia. Italian Journal of Pediatrics. 39 (1) | Reference standard not current |
| Romagnoli,C., Tiberi,E., Barone,G., De Curtis,M., Regoli,D., Paolillo,P., Picone,S., Anania,S., Finocchi,M., Cardiello,V., Zecca,E. (2012) Validation of transcutaneous bilirubin nomogram in identifying neonates not at risk of hyperbilirubinaemia: a prospective, observational, multicenter study. Early human development. 88: 51-55. | Reference standard not current |
| Romagnoli,C., Zecca,E., Catenazzi,P., Barone,G., Zuppa,A. (2012) Transcutaneous bilirubin measurement: comparison of Respironics BiliCheck and JM-103 in a normal newborn population. Clinical biochemistry. 45: 659-662. | Reference standard not current |
| Rubaltelli,F.F., Gourley,G.R., Loskamp,N., Modi,N., Roth-Kleiner,M., Sender,A., Vert,P. (2001) Transcutaneous bilirubin measurement: a multicenter evaluation of a new device. Pediatrics. 107: 1264-1271. | Reference standard not current |
| Rubegni,P., Cevenini,G., Sbano,P., Perrone,S., Buonocore,G., Lazzeri,L., Vanni,M., Fimiani,M. (2005) Cutaneous colorimetric evaluation of serum concentrations of bilirubin in healthy term neonates: a new methodological approach. Skin Res Technol. 11: 70-75. | No indication that population was suspected of jaundice and method used to measure TSB also not reported. |
| Ruskandi,M., Garna,H., Alisjahbana,A. (1978) The use of icterometer in assessing neonatal jaundice. Paediatrica Indonesian. 18: 158-163. | Reference standard not current |
| Sajjadian,N., Shajari,H., Saalehi,Z., Esphahani,F., Alizadeh Taheri,P. (2012) Transcutaneous bilirubin measurement in preterm neonates. Acta medica Iranica. 50: 765-770. | Although a TcB device (JH 20- 1A) is examined, study aims to assess the influence of health state (ill vs healthy) and treatment status on accuracy of tests; unclear whether results presented for healthy infants includes those with phototherapy in which case population is not as specified in protocol. |
| Samiee-Zafarghandy,S., Feberova,J., Williams,K., Yasseen,A.S., Perkins,S.L., Lemyre,B. (2014) Influence of skin colour on diagnostic accuracy of the jaundice meter JM 103 in newborns. Archives of Disease in Childhood: Fetal and Neonatal Edition. 99 (6): F480-F484. | Reference standard not current |
| Sanpavat,S., Nuchprayoon,I. (2004) Noninvasive transcutaneous bilirubin as a screening test to identify the need for serum bilirubin assessment. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand. 87: 1193-1198. | Unable to supply study |
| Sanpavat,S., Nuchprayoon,I. (2005) Comparison of two transcutaneous bilirubinometers-Minolta AirShields Jaundice Meter JM103 and Spectrx Bilicheck-in Thai neonates. The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health. 36: 1533-1537. | Reference standard not current |
| Sanpavat,S., Nuchprayoon,I. (2007) Transcutaneous bilirubin in the pre-term infants. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand. J Med Assoc Thai. 90: 1803-1808. | Reference standard not current |
| Sarici,S.U., Koklu,E., Babacan,O. (2014) Comparison of two transcutaneous bilirubinometers in term and near-term neonates. Neonatal Network - Journal of Neonatal Nursing. 33: 138-142. | No comparison against total serum bilirubin |
| Schlebusch,H., Axer,K., Schneider,C., Liappis,N., Rohle,G. (1990) Comparison of five routine methods with the candidate reference method for the determination of bilirubin in neonatal serum. Journal of clinical chemistry and clinical biochemistry. 28: 203-210. | Comparison of 5 laboratory methods of determining TSB therefore intervention not as specified in protocol |
| Schumacher,R.E., Thornbery,J.M., Gutcher,G.R. (1985) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry: a comparison of old and new methods. Pediatrics. 76: 10-14. | Reference standard not current |
| Sharma,J.N., Singh,R.N., Lodha,A., Singh,J. (1988) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in newborns. Indian pediatrics. 25: 757-760. | Reference standard not current |
| Sheridan-Pereira,M., Gorman,W. (1982) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry: an evaluation. Archives of disease in childhood. 57: 708-710. | Short report: unclear which device was used to measure TcB as details are not well described |
| Singh,Kh, Singh,M.A., Shartsho,J.T. (2009) A study of neonatal jaundice (0-14 days). Journal of Medical Society. 23 (1): 11-14. | No relevant outcomes are reported |
| Siu,L., Kwong,N. (2010) Minolta JM-103 jaundice meter: A screening tool for neonatal jaundice in Chinese Neonates in Maternal and Child Health Centres. Hong Kong Journal of Paediatrics.15 (3): 204-213. | Retrospective study |
| Siu,L.Y., Siu,L.W., Au,S.K., Li,K.W., Tsui,T.K., Chang,Y.Y., Lee,G.P., Kwong,N.S. (2010) Evaluation of a transcutaneous bilirubinometer with two optical paths in Chinese preterm infant. Hong Kong Journal of Paediatrics. 15 (2): 132-140. | Reference standard not current |
| Slusher,Tina M., Angyo,Ishaya A., Bode-Thomas,Fidela, Akor,Francis, Pam,Sunday D., Adetunji,Adedotun A., McLaren,Donald W., Wong,Ronald J., Vreman,Hendrik J., Stevenson,David K. (2004) Transcutaneous bilirubin measurements and serum total bilirubin levels in indigenous African infants. Pediatrics. 113: 1636-1641. | Reference standard not current |
| Stein,H., Wolfsdorf,J., Buchanan,N. (1975) The use of the icterometer in assessing neonatal jaundice. The Journal of tropical pediatrics and environmental child health. 21: 67-68. | Unclear timing of tests and method used to measure TSB not reported |
| Stein,S.M., McKinley,I., Horn,D.B., Keay,A.J. (1974) Total neonatal bilirubin: an assessment of the photo-ictometer. International journal of clinical chemistry. 54: 107-113. | Timing of tests and whether study was prospective is unclear; methods not well described. |
| Stillova,L., Matasova,K., Zibolen,M., Stilla,J., Kolarovszka,H. (2009) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in preterm neonates. Indian pediatrics. 46: 405-408. | Reference standard not current |
| Stillova,L., Matasova,K., Mikitova,T., Stilla,J., Kolarovszka,H., Zibolen,M. (2007) Evaluation of transcutaneous bilirubinometry in preterm infants of gestational age 32-34 weeks. Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky. 151: 267-271. | Reference standard not current |
| Stokowski,Laura A. (2002) Early recognition of neonatal jaundice and kernicterus. Advances in neonatal care: official journal of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses. 2: 101-109. | Narrative review |
| Szabo,P., Wolf,M., Bucher,H.U., Haensse,D., Fauchere,J.C., Arlettaz,R. (2004) Assessment of jaundice in preterm neonates: comparison between clinical assessment, two transcutaneous bilirubinometers and serum bilirubin values. Acta paediatrica. 93: 1491-1495. | Reference standard not current |
| Szabo,P., Wolf,M., Bucher,HU., Fauchere,JC., Haensse,D., Arlettaz,R. (2004) Detection of hyperbilirubinaemia in jaundiced full-term neonates by eye or by bilirubinometer? European journal of pediatrics. 163: 722-727. | Reference standard not current |
| Taha,S.A., Karrar,Z.A., Dost,S.M. (1984)Transcutaneous bilirubin measurement in evaluating neonatal jaundice among Saudi newborns. Annals of tropical paediatrics. 4: 229-231. | Reference standard not current |
| Tan,K.L. (1982) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in fullterm Chinese and Malay infants. Acta paediatrica Scandinavica. 71: 593-59. | Reference standard not current |
| Tan,K.L. (1985) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in Chinese and Malay neonates. Annals of the Academy of Medicine. 14: 591-594. | Reference standard not current |
| Tan,K.L., Chia,H.P., Koh,B.C. (1996) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in Chinese, Malay and Indian infants. Acta paediatrica. 85: 986-990. | Reference standard not current |
| Tan,K.L., Dong,F. (2003) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry during and after phototherapy. Acta Paediatrica. 92: 327-331. | Although study reports before phototherapy data, reference standard not current |
| Tan,K.L., Mylvaganam,A. (1988) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in preterm very low birthweight infants. Acta paediatrica Scandinavica. 77: 796-801. | Reference standard not current and study assesses plasma bilirubin not serum bilirubin |
| Tayaba,R., Gribetz,D., Gribetz,I., Holzman,I.R. (1998) Noninvasive estimation of serum bilirubin. Pediatrics. 102: E28. | Reference standard not current and unclear timing of tests |
| Thong,Y.H., Rahman,A.A., Choo,M., Tor,S.T., Robinson,M.J. (1976) Dermal icteric zones and serum bilirubin levels in neonatal jaundice. Singapore medical journal. 17: 184-185. | Reference standard not current |
| Tsai,L.T., Lu,C.C. (1988) Clinical evaluation of transcutaneous jaundice meter in full-term newborns. Zhonghua Minguo xiao er ke yi xue hui za zhi. 29: 376-382. | Unable to supply |
| Tudehope,D.I., Chang,A. (1982) Multiple site readings from a transcutaneous bilirubinometers. Australian paediatric journal. 18: 102-105. | Reference standard not current |
| Tudehope,D.I., Chang,A. (1982) Non-invasive method of measuring bilirubin levels in newborn infants. The Medical journal of Australia. 1: 165-168. | Reference standard not current |
| Wainer,S., Bolton,K.D., Cooper,P.A., Rothberg,A.D. (1989) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in black infants: Improved reliability after correction for the background signal. Pediatric Reviews and Communications. 4: 93-99. | Study assesses the importance of background signal in improving the accuracy of transcutaneous bilirubin measurements |
| Wainer,S., Parmar,SM., Allegro,D., Rabi,Y., Lyon,ME. (2012) Impact of a transcutaneous bilirubinometry program on resource utilization and severe hyperbilirubinaemia. Pediatrics. 129: 77-86. | Study aims to assess the impact of programmatic and coordinated use of a TcB program by using validated nomograms; no relevant correlation data to TSB reported |
| Waterston,T., Taputaira,M. (1983) Reliability of icterometer. The Central African journal of medicine. 29: 242-244. | Details of method used to measure TSB not reported and unclear timing of tests |
| Wickremasinghe,Andrea C., Karon,Brad S., Cook,Walter J. (2011) Accuracy of neonatal transcutaneous bilirubin measurement in the outpatient setting. Clinical pediatrics. 50: 1144-1149. | Index test and reference standard not performed within one hour of each other due to constraints (laboratory located on lower level of clinic building) |
| Williams,R.A., Pitts,L.L., Weinerth,J.L., Dimmette,R.M. (1971) Clinical laboratory evaluation of the American optical Bilirubinometer. The Journal of pediatrics. 79: 671-674. | Reference standard not current |
| Yamanouchi,I., Yamauchi,Y., Igarashi,I. (1980) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry: preliminary studies of noninvasive transcutaneous bilirubin meter in the Okayama National Hospital. Pediatrics. 65: 195-202. | Reference standard not current. |
| Yamauchi,Y., Yamanouchi,I. (1988) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry. Evaluation of accuracy and reliability in a large population. Acta paediatrica Scandinavica. 77: 791-795. | Reference standard not current |
| Yamauchi,Y., Yamanouchi,I. (1989) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry: serum bilirubin measurement using transcutaneous bilirubinometer (TcB). A preliminary study. Biology of the neonate. 56: 257-262. | Study assesses the use of 3 types of cuvettes to improve the reliability of a transcutaenous device (i.e no comparison to serum bilirubin). |
| Yamauchi,Y., Yamanouchi,I. (1989) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in normal Japanese infants. Acta paediatrica Japonica. 31: 65-72. | Retrospective study and reference standard not current |
| Yap,S.H., Mohammad,I., Ryan,C.A. (2002) Avoiding painful blood sampling in neonates by transcutaneous bilirubinometry. Irish journal of medical science. 171: 188-190. | Serum bilirubin measured only when Bilicheck measurements exceeded the phototherapy line of a recognised phototherapy guideline chart; unclear timing of tests. |
| Yaser,A., Tooke,L., Rhoda,N. (2014) Interscapular site for transcutaneous bilirubin measurement in preterm infants: a better and safer screening site. Journal of perinatology: official journal of the California Perinatal Association. 34: 209-212. | Method used to measure TSB not reported. |
| Yasuda,S., Itoh,S., Isobe,K., Yonetani,M., Nakamura,H., Nakamura,M., Yamauchi,Y., Yamanishi,A. (2003) New transcutaneous jaundice device with two optical paths. Journal of perinatal medicine. 31: 81-88. | Reference standard not current |
| Yip,W.C., Teo,J., Tay,J.S. (1983) Transcutaneous bilirubinometry. Acta paediatrica Scandinavica. 72: 289. | Letter |
| Zecca,E., Barone,G., De Luca,D., Marra,R., Tiberi,E., Romagnoli,C. (2009) Skin bilirubin measurement during phototherapy in preterm and term newborn infants. Early human development. 85: 537-540. | Reference standard not current and results before phototherapy are not reported. |
F.3. Review question 4
| Reference | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Anon (2004) Management of hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn infant 35 or more weeks of gestation. Pediatrics.114 (1) (pp 297-316), 2004.Date of Publication: July 2004. 297-316. | Unclear guideline development process and methods. |
| Anon (2010) Screening of infants for hyperbilirubinemia to prevent chronic bilirubin encephalopathy: Recommendation statement. American Family Physician.82 (4) (pp 408-410), 2010.Date of Publication: August 15, 2010. 408-10. | Not relevant – about universal screening programme. |
| Agarwal R, Kaushal M, Aggarwal R et al. (2002) Early neonatal hyperbilirubinemia using first day serum bilirubin level. Indian Pediatrics 39: 724-30. | Not relevant – TSB levels not linked to outcomes. |
| Ahlfors CE (1994) Criteria for exchange transfusion in jaundiced newborns. Pediatrics.93 (3) (pp 488-494), 1994.Date of Publication: 1994. 488-94. | Not relevant – about the distribution of different groups of babies with different TSB, no link to outcomes. |
| Akinpelu OV, Waissbluth S, Daniel SJ (2013) Auditory risk of hyperbilirubinemia in term newborns: A systematic review. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology.77 (6) (pp 898-905), 2013.Date of Publication: June 2013. 898-905. | Not relevant – about auditory assessment. |
| Akman I, Ozek E, Kulekci S et al. (2004) Auditory neuropathy in hyperbilirubinemia: is there a correlation between serum bilirubin, neuron-specific enolase levels and auditory neuropathy? International Journal of Audiology 43: 516-22. | Not relevant – about auditory assessment and auditory neuropathy. |
| AlOtaibi SF, Blaser S, MacGregor DL (2005) Neurological complications of kernicterus. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences 32: 311-5. | Not relevant – aetiology of kernicterus. |
| Alpay F, Sarici SU, Tosuncuk HD et al. (2000) The value of first-day bilirubin measurement in predicting the development of significant hyperbilirubinemia in healthy term newborns. Pediatrics 106: E16. | Not relevant – no usable data that linked to outcomes. |
| American Academy of Pediatrics Subcommittee on Hyperbilirubinemia (2004) Management of hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn infant 35 or more weeks of gestation.[Erratum appears in Pediatrics. 2004 Oct;114(4):1138]. Pediatrics 114: 297-316. | Unclear guideline development process and methods. |
| Atkinson M, Budge H (2011) Review of the NICE guidance on neonatal jaundice. Archives of Disease in Childhood: Education and Practice Edition.96 (4) (pp 136-140), 2011.Date of Publication: August 2011. 136-40. | Not relevant. |
| Awasthi S, Rehman H (1998) Early prediction of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Indian Journal of Pediatrics 65: 131-9. | Mixed population with pre-term babies, cannot separate the data. |
| Barak M, Berger I, Dollberg S et al. (2009) When should phototherapy be stopped? A pilot study comparing two targets of serum bilirubin concentration. Acta Paediatrica 98: 277-81. | Not relevant – about when to stop phototherapy. |
| Barton M, Calonge N, Petitti DB et al. (2009) Screening of infants for hyperbilirubinemia to prevent chronic bilirubin encephalopathy: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Pediatrics.124 (4) (pp 1172-1177), 2009.Date of Publication: 2009. 1172-7. | Not relevant – about universal screening programme. |
| Behjati-Ardakani S, Nikkhah A, Ashrafi MR et al. (2006) Association between total serum bilirubin level and manifestations of kernicterus. Acta Medica Iranica.44 (6) (pp 405-408), 2006.Date of Publication: 2006. 405-8. | Unclear baseline characteristics of the study population. |
| Bhutani VK, Johnson LH (2000) Managing the assessment of neonatal jaundice: importance of timing. Indian Journal of Pediatrics 67: 733-7. | Single case report. |
| Bhutani VK, Johnson LH, Keren R (2004) Diagnosis and management of hyperbilirubinemia in the term neonate: for a safer first week. [Review] [23 refs]. Pediatric Clinics of North America 51: 843-61. | Commentary paper – not primary study or guideline. |
| Bhutani VK, Johnson LH, Schwoebel A et al. (2006) A systems approach for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in term and near-term newborns. JOGNN - Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing 35: 444-55. | Not relevant – about discharge strategy. |
| Bhutani VK, Johnson L (2009) Kernicterus in the 21st century: Frequently asked questions. Journal of Perinatology.29 (SUPPL.) (pp S20-S24), 2009.Date of Publication: 2009. S20-S24. | Not relevant – aetiology of kernicterus. |
| Bhutani VK (2009) Screening for severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Pediatric Health.3 (4) (pp 369-379), 2009.Date of Publication: 2009. 369-79. | Commentary paper – not a primary study or full guideline. |
| Bhutani VK, Vilms RJ, Hamerman-Johnson L (2010) Universal bilirubin screening for severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. [Review]. Journal of Perinatology 30: Suppl-15. | Commentary paper – not primary study. |
| Bhutani VK, Stark AR, Lazzeroni LC et al. (2013) Predischarge screening for severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia identifies infants who need phototherapy. Journal of Pediatrics 162: 477-82. | Not relevant – about universal screening programme. |
| Bhutani VK, Wong RJ, Vreman HJ et al. (2015) Bilirubin production and hour-specific bilirubin levels. J Perinatol | Not relevant – about end-tidal carbon monoxide concentrations. |
| Birchwood G, Mehta R, Petrova A (2010) Normal distribution of pre-discharge total serum bilirubin in a culturally diverse cohort of healthy term newborn infants. Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine.3 (3) (pp 223-227), 2010.Date of Publication: 2010. 223-7. | Discharge TSB levels not linked to any outcomes – no usable data. |
| Boo NY, Oakes M, Lye MS et al. (1994) Risk factors associated with hearing loss in term neonates with hyperbilirubinaemia. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 40: 194-7. | Not relevant – about clinical risk factors. |
| Broberger U, Aperia A (1979) Renal function in infants with hyperbilirubinemia. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica 68: 75-9. | No usable data, no liked-datai between TSB levels and renal function. |
| Burgos AE, Flaherman VJ, Newman TB (2012) Screening and follow-up for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: a review. [Review]. Clinical Pediatrics 51: 7-16. | Commentary paper – not primary study. |
| Carbonell X, Botet F, Figueras J et al. (2001) Prediction of hyperbilirubinaemia in the healthy term newborn. Acta Paediatrica 90: 166-70. | Not relevant – about TcB. |
| Christensen RD, Lambert DK, Henry E et al. (2013) Unexplained extreme hyperbilirubinemia among neonates in a multihospital healthcare system. Blood Cells Molecules & Diseases 50: 105-9. | TSB thresholds not linked to outcomes. |
| Crawford-Faucher A (2010) Universal screening effective in identifying severe hyperbilirubinemia. American Family Physician.82 (4) (pp 433), 2010.Date of Publication: August 15, 2010. 433. | Not relevant – about universal screening programme. |
| Dwarampudi GS, Ramakrishna N (2015) Cord blood albumin and bilirubin levels as predictors in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences.6 (3) (pp B273-B279), 2015.Date of Publication: 2015. B273-B279. | Not relevant – about cord blood albumin. |
| Ebbesen F, Andersson C, Verder H et al. (2005) Extreme hyperbilirubinaemia in term and near-term infants in Denmark. Acta Paediatrica 94: 59-64. | No usable data, no linked-data between TSB and outcomes. |
| Ebbesen F, Bjerre JV, Vandborg PK (2012) Relation between serum bilirubin levels >450 mmicromole/L and bilirubin encephalopathy; a Danish population-based study. Acta Paediatrica 101: 384-9. | Not relevant – about the epidemiology of babies with different TSB levels, not linked to any outcomes. |
| Fay DL, Schellhase KG, Suresh GK (2009) Bilirubin screening for normal newborns: A critique of the hour-specific bilirubin nomogram. Pediatrics.124 (4) (pp 1203-1205), 2009.Date of Publication: 2009. 1203-5. | Commentary paper – not a primary study. |
| Flaherman VJ, Ferrara A, Newman TB (2008) Predicting significant hyperbilirubinaemia using birth weight. Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal & Neonatal Edition 93: F307-F309. | Not relevant – about clinical factor (birth weight). |
| Flaherman VJ, Kuzniewicz MW, Escobar GJ et al. (2012) Total serum bilirubin exceeding exchange transfusion thresholds in the setting of universal screening. Journal of Pediatrics 160: 796-800. | Not relevant – about universal screening programme. |
| Gamaleldin R, Iskander I, Seoud I et al. (2011) Risk factors for neurotoxicity in newborns with severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Pediatrics 128: e925-e931. | Combination of TSB and clinical risk factors prediction, cannot separate out TSB data. |
| Gkoltsiou K, Tzoufi M, Counsell S et al. (2008) Serial brain MRI and ultrasound findings: relation to gestational age, bilirubin level, neonatal neurologic status and neurodevelopmental outcome in infants at risk of kernicterus. Early Human Development 84: 829-38. | Not relevant – about neurodevelopment and no link data with TSB levels. |
| Goncalves A, Costa S, Lopes A et al. (2011) Prospective validation of a novel strategy for assessing risk of significant hyperbilirubinemia. Pediatrics 127: e126-e131. | Some measurements of bilirubin were collected by using TcB. |
| Gotink MJ, Benders MJ, Lavrijsen SW et al. (2013) Severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in the Netherlands. Neonatology 104: 137-42. | Not relevant. |
| Heimler R, Sasidharan P (2010) Neurodevelopmental and audiological outcome of healthy term newborns with moderately severe non-haemolytic hyperbilirubinemia. Journal of Paediatrics & Child Health 46: 588-91. | Not relevant – re-admitted population. |
| Heydarian F, Majdi M (2010) Severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia; causes and contributing factors leading to exchange transfusion at Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad. Acta Medica Iranica 48: 399-402. | Not relevant – about causes of severe hyperbilirubinaemia. |
| Huang HC, Yang HI, Chang YH et al. (2012) Model to predict hyperbilirubinemia in healthy term and near-term newborns with exclusive breast feeding. Pediatrics & Neonatology 53: 354-8. | Not relevant – about clinical risk factors. |
| Hulya B, Eren O, Ahmet T (2008) Is the hour-specific bilirubin nomogram suitable for predicting hyperbilirubinemia. Indian Journal of Pediatrics 75: 447-50. | Not relevant – no usable data, no predicted endpoint time. |
| Ip S, Chung M, Kulig J et al. (2004) An evidence-based review of important issues concerning neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. [Review] [164 refs]. Pediatrics 114: e130-e153. | Not relevant. |
| Iskander I, Gamaleldin R, El HS et al. (2014) Serum bilirubin and bilirubin/albumin ratio as predictors of bilirubin encephalopathy. Pediatrics 134: e1330-e1339. | Inappropriate population – babies with ABO incompatibility, G6PD, Rh incompatibility and sepsis. |
| Jodeiry B, Fakhraee S-H, Kazemian M et al. (2013) Rebound hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates admitted to Mofid Children’s Hospital, Tehran, Iran. SAJCH South African Journal of Child Health.7 (1) (pp 22-24), 2013.Date of Publication: 2013. 22-4. | Not relevant – about rebound jaundice. |
| Johnson L, Bhutani VK (1998) Guidelines for management of the jaundiced term and near-term infant. Clinics in Perinatology.25 (3) (pp 555-574), 1998.Date of Publication: 1998. 555-74. | Commentary review, not a full guideline. |
| Kern S, Reuter S (2015) Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia-an update for South Dakota physicians. [Review]. South Dakota Medicine: The Journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association 68: 23-7. | Commentary paper – not primary study. |
| Kim HJ, Kim CR, Oh JW et al. (1998) Comparison of Phototherapy Guidelines for Neonatal Jaundice in Healthy Term Newborns. Journal of the Korean Pediatric Society 41: 606-13. | Not in English. |
| Kuzniewicz MW, Escobar GJ, Wi S et al. (2008) Risk factors for severe hyperbilirubinemia among infants with borderline bilirubin levels: a nested case-control study. Journal of Pediatrics 153: 234-40. | Combination of TSB and clinical risk factors prediction, cannot separate out TSB data. |
| Kuzniewicz MW, Escobar GJ, Newman TB (2009) Impact of universal bilirubin screening on severe hyperbilirubinemia and phototherapy use. Pediatrics 124: 1031-9. | Not relevant – about universal screening programme. |
| Lee YK, Daito Y, Katayama Y et al. (2009) The significance of measurement of serum unbound bilirubin concentrations in high-risk infants. Pediatrics International 51: 795-9. | No usable data, TSB levels not linked to outcomes. |
| Lunsing RJ, Pardoen WF, Hadders-Algra M (2013) Neurodevelopment after moderate hyperbilirubinemia at term. Pediatric Research 73: 655-60. | Not relevant – about neurodevelopment of babies. |
| Maisels MJ, Gifford K, Antle CE et al. (1988) Jaundice in the healthy newborn infant: a new approach to an old problem. Pediatrics 81: 505-11. | Not relevant – about universal screening programme. |
| Maisels MJ, Bhutani VK, Bogen D et al. (2009) Hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn infant > or =35 weeks’ gestation: an update with clarifications. [Review] [26 refs]. Pediatrics 124: 1193-8. | Not relevant – about correlation of clinical risk factors. |
| Maisels MJ (2015) Managing the jaundiced newborn: a persistent challenge. [Review]. CMAJ Canadian Medical Association Journal 187: 335-43. | Opinion, not research evidence. |
| Malan JE, Ransome OJ, Reinach SG (1990) Predicting the need for phototherapy early in idiopathic neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Pediatric Reviews and Communications.5 (1) (pp 39-44), 1990.Date of Publication: 1990. 39-44. | Unclear what TSB threshold was used to initiate phototherapy. |
| Mamtani M, Patel A, Renge R et al. (2007) Prognostic value of direct bilirubin in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Indian Journal of Pediatrics 74: 819-22. | Population included pre-term babies, unable to separate the data. |
| Mayer I, Gursoy T, Hayran M et al. (2014) Value of twelfth hour bilirubin level in predicting significant hyperbilirubinemia in preterm infants. Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 6: 190-6. | Population included pre-term babies, unable to separate the data. |
| Mazahy MM, Elkhalegy HA, Emran TM et al. (2014) Value of first-day serum bilirubin measurement in predicting the development of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Trends in Medical Research.9 (2) (pp 98-106), 2014.Date of Publication: 2014. 98-106. | No usable data – no timeframe for the measurement of TSB and when the outcome were predicted. |
| Moll M, Goelz R, Naegele T et al. (2011) Are recommended phototherapy thresholds safe enough for extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants? A report on 2 ELBW infants with kernicterus despite only moderate hyperbilirubinemia. Neonatology 99: 90-4. | 2 case reports of very low birth weight babies. |
| Nakamura H, Yonetani M, Uetani Y et al. (1992) Determination of serum unbound bilirubin for prediction of kernicterus in low birthweight infants. Acta Paediatrica Japonica 34: 642-7. | Not relevant – about very low birth weight babies. |
| Narang A, Kumar P, Kumar R (2001) Neonatal jaundice in very low birth weight babies. Indian Journal of Pediatrics 68: 307-9. | Not relevant – specific population of babies with very low birth weight. |
| Newman TB, Xiong B, Gonzales VM et al. (2000) Prediction and prevention of extreme neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in a mature health maintenance organization. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 154: 1140-7. | Not relevant – about clinical risk factors. |
| Newman TB, Liljestrand P, Escobar GJ (2002) Jaundice noted in the first 24 hours after birth in a managed care organization. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 156: 1244-50. | Not relevant – about notation of jaundice. |
| Newman TB, Liljestrand P, Escobar GJ (2003) Infants with bilirubin levels of 30 mg/dL or more in a large managed care organization. Pediatrics 111: t-11. | Case reports. |
| Newman TB, Liljestrand P, Jeremy RJ et al. (2006) Outcomes among newborns with total serum bilirubin levels of 25 mg per deciliter or more. New England Journal of Medicine 354: 1889-900. | Unclear outcome measurement – unclear when TSB was measured (between day-1 to day-30 of birth). |
| Nickisch A, Massinger C, Ertl-Wagner B et al. (2009) Pedaudiologic findings after severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 266: 207-12. | Population included pre-term babies, unable to separate the data. |
| Ogunlesi TA, Dedeke IO, Adekanmbi AF et al. (2007) The incidence and outcome of bilirubin encephalopathy in Nigeria: a bi-centre study. Nigerian Journal of Medicine: Journal of the National Association of Resident Doctors of Nigeria 16: 354-9. | Not relevant – about causes for bilirubin encephalopathy. |
| Oktay R, Satar M, Atici A (1996) The risk of bilirubin encephalopathy in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Turkish Journal of Pediatrics 38: 199204. | Population included pre-term babies, unable to separate the data. |
| Osborn LM, Reiff MI, Bolus R (1984) Jaundice in the full-term neonate. Pediatrics 73: 520-5. | Not relevant – about correlation of different risk factors. |
| Pathak U, Chawla D, Kaur S et al. (2013) Bilirubin nomogram for prediction of significant hyperbilirubinemia in north Indian neonates. Indian Pediatrics 50: 383-9. | Bilirubin of some babies was measured by TcB instead of TSB. |
| Prasarnphanich T, Somlaw S (2007) The value of routine bilirubin screening to detect significant hyperbilirubinemia in Thai healthy term newborns. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand 90: 925-30. | Not relevant – about universal screening programme. |
| Randev S, Grover N (2010) Predicting neonatal hyperbilirubinemia using first day serum bilirubin levels. Indian Journal of Pediatrics 77: 147-50. | Not relevant – no usable data, unclear of the predicted time and endpoint. |
| Romagnoli C, De LD, Zuppa AA et al. (2005) Could early serum bilirubin measurement be useful in predicting non physiologic hyperbilirubinemia? Italian Journal of Pediatrics.31 (1) (pp 52-60), 2005.Date of Publication: February 2005. 52-60. | Not relevant – included pre-term babies and babies with low birth weight, cannot separate out the data. |
| Romagnoli C, Barone G, Pratesi S et al. (2014) Italian guidelines for management and treatment of hyperbilirubinaemia of newborn infants > 35 weeks’ gestational age. Italian Journal of Pediatrics.40 (1), 2014.Article Number: 11.Date of Publication: 31 Jan 2014. | An amalgamation of the NICE guideline and AAP guideline, no usable data. |
| Sabatino G, Verrotti A, Ramenghi LA et al. (1996) Newborns with hyperbilirubinemia: usefulness of brain stem auditory response evaluation. Neurophysiologie Clinique 26: 363-8. | Not relevant – about brain stem auditory assessment. |
| Sakha SH, Gharehbaghi MM (2010) Exchange transfusion in severe hyperbilirubinemia: An experience in northwest Iran. Turkish Journal of Pediatrics.52 (4) (pp 367-371), 2010.Date of Publication: JulyAugust 2010. 367-71. | Not relevant – about causes of jaundice and adverse effects of exchange transfusion. |
| Salas AA, Mazzi E (2008) Exchange transfusion in infants with extreme hyperbilirubinemia: an experience from a developing country. Acta Paediatrica 97: 754-8. | Not relevant – no data on the relationship between TSB and exchange transfusion. |
| Sarici SU, Yurdakök M, Serdar MA, Oran O, Erdem G, Tekinalp G, Yiğit S (2002) An early (sixth-hour) serum bilirubin measurement is useful in predicting the development of significant hyperbilirubinemia and severe ABO hemolytic disease in a selective high-risk population of newborns with ABO incompatibility. Pediatrics 109 (4): e53 | This study does not compare a range of TSB thresholds (but all babies meeting one specific threshold) for starting phototherapy as specified in the review protocol. The outcomes specified by the topic experts are also not reported. |
| Sciuto M, Bertino G, Zocco M et al. (2009) Incidence and causes of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in a center of Catania. Therapeutics & Clinical Risk Management 5: 247-50. | Not relevant – about causes of hyperbilirubinaemia. |
| Seidman DS, Ergaz Z, Paz I et al. (1999) Predicting the risk of jaundice in full-term healthy newborns: a prospective population-based study. Journal of Perinatology 19: t-7. | Not relevant – very low TSB threshold was used for significant hyperbilirubinaemia. |
| Sharma R, Grover N, Sankhyan N et al. (2006) Auditory brainstem responses in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and effect of therapy. Indian Journal of Otolaryngology & Head & Neck Surgery 58: 340-2. | Not relevant – about auditory brainstem assessment. |
| Slaughter J, Annibale D, Suresh G (2009) False-negative results of pre-discharge neonatal bilirubin screening to predict severe hyperbilirubinemia: a need for caution. European Journal of Pediatrics 168: 1461-6. | Not relevant – about discharge strategy. |
| Soorani-Lunsing I, Woltil HA, Hadders-Algra M (2001) Are moderate degrees of hyperbilirubinemia in healthy term neonates really safe for the brain? Pediatric Research 50: 701-5. | TSB thresholds not linked to outcomes. |
| Surjono A, Triasih R, Haksari EL (2003) The first 24 hours bilirubin level as a predictor of hyperbilirubinemia in healthy term newborns. Perinatology.5 (4) (pp 159-166), 2003.Date of Publication: July/August 2003. 159-66. | TSB thresholds not linked to outcomes. |
| Tiker F, Gulcan H, Kilicdag H et al. (2006) Extreme hyperbilirubinemia in newborn infants. Clinical Pediatrics 45: 257-61. | TSB thresholds not linked to outcomes. |
| Trikalinos TA, Chung M, Lau J et al. (2009) Systematic review of screening for bilirubin encephalopathy in neonates. Pediatrics.124 (4) (pp 1162-1171), 2009.Date of Publication: 2009. 1162-71. | Not relevant – about the combination of TSB and other clinical risk factors. |
| van de Bor M, Ens-Dokkum M, Schreuder AM et al. (1992) Hyperbilirubinemia in low birth weight infants and outcome at 5 years of age. Pediatrics 89: 359-64. | Inappropriate population – very low birth weight babies. |
| Walsh SA, Murphy JF (2010) Neonatal jaundice-are we over-treating? Irish Medical Journal 103: 28-9. | Unclear methodology of the research, narrative summary of findings with no usable data. |
| Weng YH, Chiu YW, Cheng SW et al. (2011) Risk assessment for adverse outcome in term and late preterm neonates with bilirubin values of 20 mg/dL or more. American Journal of Perinatology 28: 405-12. | Inappropriate population – babies with ABO incompatibility, G6PD, Rh incompatibility and sepsis. |
| Wennberg RP, Ahlfors CE, Aravkin AY (2009) Intervention guidelines for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: An evidence based quagmire. Current Pharmaceutical Design.15 (25) (pp 2939-2945), 2009.Date of Publication: September 2009. 2939-45. | Commentary review, not a full guideline. |
| Wong V, Chen W-X, Wong K-Y (2006) Short- and long- term outcome of severe neonatal nonhemolytic hyperbilirubinemia. Journal of Child Neurology.21 (4) (pp 309-315), 2006.Date of Publication: April 2006. 309-15. | Not relevant – about demographic risk factors, not about TSB thresholds. |
| Yetman RJ, Parks DK, Huseby V et al. (1998) Rebound bilirubin levels in infants receiving phototherapy. Journal of Pediatrics 133: 705-7. | Not relevant – about rebound jaundice. |
| Yeung CY (1985) Kernicterus in term infants. Australian Paediatric Journal 21: 273-4. | Unclear what TSB threshold were used for the study, no usable data. |
| Yu Z-B, Han S-P, Chen C (2014) Bilirubin nomograms for identification of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in healthy term and late-preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World Journal of Pediatrics.10 (3) (pp 211-218), 2014.Date of Publication: 01 Aug 2014. 211-8. | A qualitative review on nomograms, does not meet review protocol criteria, used as cross-checking for references. |
| Zhu J, Xu Y, Zhang G et al. (2012) Total serum bilirubin levels during the first 2 days of life and subsequent neonatal morbidity in very low birth weight infants: a retrospective review. European Journal of Pediatrics 171: 669-74. | Not relevant – about babies with very low birth weight. |
- Excluded studies – clinical evidence review - Addendum to Jaundice in newborn ba...Excluded studies – clinical evidence review - Addendum to Jaundice in newborn babies under 28 days
- MIGS Eukaryotic sample from Aphanomyces astaciMIGS Eukaryotic sample from Aphanomyces astacibiosample
- cytochrome c biogenesis protein (chloroplast) [Matthiola stoddartii]cytochrome c biogenesis protein (chloroplast) [Matthiola stoddartii]gi|2554495644|ref|YP_010897286.1|Protein
- PREDICTED: Danio rerio synaptotagmin VIII (syt8), transcript variant X1, mRNAPREDICTED: Danio rerio synaptotagmin VIII (syt8), transcript variant X1, mRNAgi|2800575507|ref|XM_068217304.1|Nucleotide
- Aphanomyces astaci strain SA, whole genome shotgun sequencing projectAphanomyces astaci strain SA, whole genome shotgun sequencing projectgi|1475238601|gb|QUTC00000000.1|QUT 0000Nucleotide
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