U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (US). Improving Cultural Competence. Rockville (MD): Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (US); 2014. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series, No. 59.)

Cover of Improving Cultural Competence

Improving Cultural Competence.

Show details

Appendix ABibliography

  • Abbott AA. Substance abuse treatment with clients of French background. In: Straussner SLA, editor. Ethnocultural Factors in Substance Abuse Treatment. New York: Guilford Press; 2001. pp. 180–198.
  • Abbott PJ. Traditional and western healing practices for alcoholism in American Indians and Alaska Natives. Substance Use & Misuse. 1998;33(13):2605–2646. [PubMed: 9818991]
  • Abe J. A community ecology approach to cultural competence in mental health service delivery: The case of Asian Americans. Asian American Journal of Psychology. 2012;3(3):168–180.
  • Abe-Kim J, Takeuchi DT, Hong S, Zane N, Sue S, Spencer MS, Appel H, Nicdao E, Alegria M. Use of mental health-related services among immigrant and US-born Asian Americans: Results from the National Latino and Asian American study. American Journal of Public Health. 2007;97(1):91–98. [PMC free article: PMC1716256] [PubMed: 17138905]
  • Abdel-Khalek AM. Internal consistency of an Arabic adaptation of the Beck Depression Inventory in four Arab countries. Psychological Reports. 1998;82:264–266. [PubMed: 9520563]
  • Abudabbeh N, Hamid A. Substance use among Arabs and Arab Americans. In: Straussner SLA, editor. Ethnocultural Factors in Substance Abuse Treatment. New York: Guilford Press; 2001. pp. 275–290.
  • Abueg FR, Chun KM. Traumatization stress among Asians and Asian Americans. In: Organista PB, Chun KM, Marin G, editors. Readings in Ethnic Psychology. New York: Routledge; 1998. pp. 283–294.
  • Acevedo A, Garnick DW, Lee MT, Horgan CM, Ritter G, Panas L, Davis S, Leeper T, Moore R, Reynolds M. Racial and ethnic differences in substance abuse treatment initiation and engagement. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse. 2012;11(1):1–21. [PMC free article: PMC3699873] [PubMed: 22381120]
  • Acevedo-Polakovich ID, Reynaga-Abiko G, Garriott PO, Derefinko KJ, Wimsatt MK, Gudonis LC, Brown TL. Beyond instrument selection: Cultural considerations in the psychological assessment of U.S. Latinas/os. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice. 2007;38(4):375–384.
  • Ackerman SJ, Hilsenroth MJ. A review of therapist characteristics and techniques positively impacting the therapeutic alliance. Clinical Psychology Review. 2003;23(1):1–33. [PubMed: 12559992]
  • Adewuya AO. Validation of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) as a screening tool for alcohol-related problems among Nigerian university students. Alcohol and Alcoholism. 2005;40:575–577. [PubMed: 16115823]
  • Addiction Technology Transfer Center. The Change Book: A Blueprint for Technology Transfer. 2nd ed. Kansas City, MO: Addiction Technology Transfer Center; 2004.
  • Adlaf EM, Smart RG. Party subculture or dens of doom? An epidemiological study of rave attendance and drug use patterns among adolescent students. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 1997;29(2):193–198. [PubMed: 9250946]
  • African immigrants in the United States are the nation's most highly educated group. Journal of Blacks in Higher Education. 2000;26:60–61.
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. National Healthcare Disparities Report 2008. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2009.
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. National Healthcare Disparities Report 2011. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2012.
  • Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Loera G, Mendez L, Sala M, Latino Mental Health Concilio. Nakamoto J. Community-Defined Solutions for Latino Mental Health Care Disparities: California Reducing Disparities Project, Latino Strategic Planning Workgroup Population Report. Sacramento, CA: UC Davis; 2012.
  • Ahmad S, Bhugra D. Sex and culture. In: Bhattacharya R, Cross S, Bhugra D, editors. Clinical Topics in Cultural Psychiatry. London: Royal College of Psychiatrists; 2010. pp. 196–208.
  • Ahn AC, Ngo-Metzger Q, Legedza ATR, Massagli MP, Clarridge BR, Phillips RS. Complementary and alternative medical therapy use among Chinese and Vietnamese Americans: Prevalence, associated factors, and effects of patient-clinician communication. American Journal of Public Health. 2006;96(4):647–653. [PMC free article: PMC1470548] [PubMed: 16380575]
  • Akbar N. Cultural expressions of the African-American child. Black Child Journal. 1981;2(2):6–16.
  • Alansari BM. Gender differences in depression among undergraduates from seventeen Islamic countries. Social Behavior and Personality. 2006;34:729–738.
  • Al-Ansari EA, Negrete JC. Screening for alcoholism among alcohol users in a traditional Arab Muslim society. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 1990;83(3):217–222. [PubMed: 2343755]
  • Alarcon RD. Culture, cultural factors and psychiatric diagnosis: Review and projections. World Psychiatry. 2009;8(3):131–139. [PMC free article: PMC2755270] [PubMed: 19812742]
  • Alcoholics Anonymous World Services Inc. A.A. for the Black and African American Alcoholic. New York: Alcoholics Anonymous World Services; 2001.
  • Alcoholic Anonymous World Services Inc. Alcoholics Anonymous 2007 Membership Survey. New York: Alcoholics Anonymous World Services; 2008.
  • Alcoholics Anonymous World Services Inc. Alcoholics Anonymous 2011 Membership Survey. New York: Alcoholics Anonymous World Services; 2012.
  • Alderete E, Vega WA, Kolody B, Aguilar-Gaxiola S. Lifetime prevalence of and risk factors for psychiatric disorders among Mexican migrant farmworkers in California. American Journal of Public Health. 2000;90(4):608–614. [PMC free article: PMC1446194] [PubMed: 10754977]
  • Alegria M, Canino G, Shrout PE, Woo M, Duan N, Vila D, Torres M, Chen CN, Meng XL. Prevalence of mental illness in immigrant and non-immigrant U.S. Latino groups. The American Journal of Psychiatry. 2008;165(3):359–369. [PMC free article: PMC2712949] [PubMed: 18245178]
  • Alegria M, Canino G, Stinson FS, Grant BF. Nativity and DSM-IV psychiatric disorders among Puerto Ricans, Cuban Americans, and Non-Latino Whites in the United States: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2006;67(1):56–65. [PubMed: 16426089]
  • Alegria M, Carson NJ, Goncalves M, Keefe K. Disparities in treatment for substance use disorders and co-occurring disorders for ethnic/racial minority youth. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 2011;50(1):22–31. [PMC free article: PMC3488852] [PubMed: 21156267]
  • Alegria M, Chatterji P, Wells K, Cao Z, Chen CN, Takeuchi D, Jackson J, Meng XL. Disparity in depression treatment among racial and ethnic minority populations in the United States. Psychiatric Services. 2008;59(11):1264–1272. [PMC free article: PMC2668139] [PubMed: 18971402]
  • Alegria M, Mulvaney-Day N, Woo M, Viruell-Fuentes EA. Psychology of Latino adults: Challenges and an agenda for action. In: Chang EC, editor. Handbook of Race and Development in Mental Health. New York: Springer Science + Business Media; 2012. pp. 279–306.
  • Alim TN, Graves E, Mellman TA, Aigbogun N, Gray E, Lawson W, Charney DS. Trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress disorder and depression in an African-American primary care population. Journal of the National Medical Association. 2006;98(10):1630–1636. [PMC free article: PMC2569763] [PubMed: 17052054]
  • Allen JP, Litten RZ, Fertig JB, Babor T. A review of research on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 1997;21:613–619. [PubMed: 9194913]
  • Almeida R. Asian Indian families: An overview. In: McGoldrick M, Giordano J, Garcia-Preto N, editors. Ethnicity and Family Therapy. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2005. pp. 377–394.
  • Aloud N. Factors Affecting Attitudes Toward Seeking and Using Formal Mental Health and Psychological Services Among Arab-Muslims Population [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University; 2004.
  • Alvarez LR, Ruiz P. Substance abuse in the Mexican American population. In: Straussner SLA, editor. Ethnocultural Factors in Substance Abuse Treatment. New York: Guilford Press; 2001. pp. 111–136.
  • Alverson H. Students' Social Life at Dartmouth College: Reflections in Their Looking Glass. Dartmouth, NH: Dartmouth College; 2005.
  • Alvidrez J, Havassy BE. Racial distribution of dual-diagnosis clients in public sector mental health and drug treatment settings. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved. 2005;16(1):53–62. [PubMed: 15741709]
  • Amaro H, Aguiar M. Programa Mama/Mom's Project: A community-based outreach model for addicted women. In: Szapocznik J, Orlandi MA, Epstein LG, editors. A Hispanic/Latino Family Approach to Substance Abuse Prevention. Rockville, MD: Center for Substance Abuse Prevention; 1995. pp. 125–153. (CSAP Cultural Competence Series 2). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 95-3034.
  • Amaro H, Arévalo S, Gonzalez G, Szapocznik J, Iguchi MY. Needs and scientific opportunities for research on substance abuse treatment among Hispanic adults. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2006;84(Suppl 1):S64–S75. [PubMed: 16766137]
  • Amaro H, Dai J, Arévalo S, Acevedo A, Matsumoto A, Nieves R, Prado G. Effects of integrated trauma treatment on outcomes in a racially/ethnically diverse sample of women in urban community-based substance abuse treatment. Journal of Urban Health. 2007;84(4):508–522. [PMC free article: PMC2219564] [PubMed: 17356904]
  • American Evaluation Association. Public Statement on Cultural Competence in Evaluation. Fairhaven, MA: American Evaluation Association; 2011.
  • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th Text Revision ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2000.
  • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
  • American Psychological Association. APA Guidelines for Providers of Psychological Services to Ethnic, Linguistic, and Culturally Diverse Populations. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 1990.
  • American Psychological Association. Guidelines on Multicultural Education, Training, Research, Practice, and Organizational Change for Psychologists. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2002. [PubMed: 12971086]
  • American Psychological Association. Resilience and Recovery After War: Refugee Children and Families in the United States. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2010.
  • American Psychological Association. Crossroads: The Psychology of Immigration in the New Century. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2012.
  • American Translators Association. Interpreting: Getting it Right: A Guide to Buying Interpreting Services. Alexandria, VA: American Translators Association; 2011.
  • Amodeo M, Chassler D, Oettinger C, Labiosa W, Lundgren LM. Client retention in residential drug treatment for Latinos. Evaluation and Program Planning. 2008;31(1):102–112. [PubMed: 18222144]
  • Amodeo M, Jones LK. Viewing alcohol and other drug use cross culturally: A cultural framework for clinical practice. Families in Society. 1997;78(3):240–254.
  • Amodeo M, Peou S, Grigg-Saito D, Berke H, Pin-Riebe S, Jones LK. Providing culturally specific substance abuse services in refugee and immigrant communities: Lessons from a Cambodian treatment and demonstration project. Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions. 2004;4(3):23–46.
  • Amodeo M, Robb N, Peou S, Tran H. Alcohol and other drug problems among Southeast Asians: Patterns of use and approaches to assessment and intervention. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly. 1997;15(3):63–77.
  • Amorim P, Lecrubier Y, Weiller E, Hergueta T, Sheehan D. DSM-III-R psychotic disorders: Procedural validity of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI): Concordance and causes for discordance with the CIDI. European Psychiatry. 1998;13:26–34. [PubMed: 19698595]
  • Anderson J, Moeschberger M, Chen MS Jr., Kunn P, Wewers ME, Guthrie R. An acculturation scale for Southeast Asians. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. 1993;28:134–141. [PubMed: 8378809]
  • Anderson LM, Scrimshaw SC, Fullilove MT, Fielding JE, Normand J. Culturally competent healthcare systems. A systematic review. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2003;24(3 Suppl):68–79. [PubMed: 12668199]
  • Anderson TL, Levy JA. Marginality among older injectors in today's illicit drug culture: Assessing the impact of aging. Addiction. 2003;98(6):761–770. [PubMed: 12780364]
  • Andrade R, Estrada AL. Are Hispana IDUs tecatas?: Reconsidering gender and culture in Hispana injection drug use. Substance Use & Misuse. 2003;38(8):1133–1158. [PubMed: 12901452]
  • Aragon AM. A clinical understanding of urban American Indians. In: Witko TM, editor. Mental Health Care for Urban Indians: Clinical Insights From Native Practitioners. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2006. pp. 19–31.
  • Arciniega GM, Anderson TC, Tovar-Blank ZG, Tracey TJG. Toward a fuller conception of Machismo: Development of a traditional Machismo and Caballerismo Scale. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 2008;55(1):19–33.
  • Arfken CL, Kubiak SP, Koch AL. Health issues in the Arab American community: Arab Americans in publicly financed substance abuse treatment. Ethnicity and Disease. 2007;17(2 Suppl 3):S3. [PubMed: 17985463]
  • Arfken CL, Said M, Owens D. Racial and ethnic differences in reported criminal justice referral at treatment admission. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 2012;44(5):428–433. [PubMed: 23457894]
  • Arias E. Vital and Health Statistics. 152. Vol. 2. National Center for Health Statistics; 2010. United States life tables by Hispanic origin.
  • Arndt S, Acion L, White K. How the states stack up: Disparities in substance abuse outpatient treatment completion rates for minorities. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2013;132(3):547–554. [PubMed: 23664124]
  • Arroyo JA, Westerberg VS, Tonigan JS. Comparison of treatment utilization and outcome for Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 1998;59(3):286–291. [PubMed: 9598709]
  • Assanangkornchai S, Conigrave KM, Saunders JB. Religious beliefs and practice, and alcohol use in Thai men. Alcohol and Alcoholism. 2002;37(2):193–197. [PubMed: 11912077]
  • Association for Assessment in Counseling and Education. Standards for Multicultural Assessment. 4th ed. Alexandria, VA: Association for Assessment in Counseling and Education; 2012.
  • Atkins RG Jr., Hawdon JE. Religiosity and participation in mutual-aid support groups for addiction. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 2007;33(3):321–331. [PMC free article: PMC2095128] [PubMed: 17889302]
  • Attneave C. American Indians and Alaska Native families: Emigrants in their own homeland. In: McGoldrick M, Pearce JK, Giordano J, editors. Ethnicity and Family Therapy. New York: Guilford Press; 1982. pp. 55–83.
  • Ayalon L, Alvidrez J. The experience of Black consumers in the mental health system—Identifying barriers to and facilitators of mental health treatment using the consumers' perspective. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 2007;28(12):1323–1340. [PubMed: 18058337]
  • Ayalon L, Young MA. Using the SCL-90-R to Assess distress in African Americans and Caucasian Americans. Journal of Black Studies. 2009;39:420–433.
  • Azevedo K, Bogue HO. Health and occupational risks of Latinos living in rural America. In: Aguirre-Molina M, Molina C, Zambrana RE, editors. Health Issues in the Latino Community. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 2001. pp. 359–380.
  • Azocar F, Areán P, Miranda J, Muñoz RF. Differential item functioning in a Spanish translation of the Beck Depression Inventory. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2001;57:355–365. [PubMed: 11241365]
  • Babor TF, de la Fuente JR, Saunders J, Grant M. AUDIT: The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Guidelines for Use in Primary Health Care. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1992.
  • Baicker K, Chandra A, Skinner JS. Geographic variation in health care and the problem of measuring racial disparities. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine. 2005;48:S42–S53. [PubMed: 15842086]
  • Bail KM, Foster J, Dalmida SG, Kelly U, Howett M, Ferranti EP, Wald J. The impact of invisibility on the health of migrant farmworkers in the southeastern United States: A case study from Georgia. Nursing Research and Practice. 2012 [PMC free article: PMC3395173] [PubMed: 22830007]
  • Bainwol S, Gressard CF. The incidence of Jewish alcoholism: A review of the literature. Journal of Drug Education. 1985;15(3):217–224. [PubMed: 3878397]
  • Baker FM, Bell CC. Issues in the psychiatric treatment of African Americans. Psychiatric Services. 1999;50(3):362–368. [PubMed: 10096640]
  • Baldwin JA, Bell YR. The African self-consciousness scale: An Africentric personality questionnaire. The Western Journal of Black Studies. 1985;9(2):61–68.
  • Balsam KF, Huang B, Fieland KC, Simoni JM, Walters KL. Culture, trauma, and wellness: A comparison of heterosexual and lesbian, gay, bisexual, and two-spirit Native Americans. Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology. 2004;10(3):287–301. [PubMed: 15311980]
  • Bao Y, Fisher J, Studnicki J. Racial differences in behavioral inpatient diagnosis: Examining the mechanisms using the 2004 Florida inpatient discharge data. The Journal of Behavior Health Services Research. 2008;35(3):347–357. [PubMed: 18506628]
  • Barbujani G, Magagni A, Minch E, Cavalli-Sforza LL. An apportionment of human DNA diversity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 1997;94(9):4516–4519. [PMC free article: PMC20754] [PubMed: 9114021]
  • Bardwell WA, Dimsdale JE. The impact of ethnicity and response bias on the self-report of negative affect. Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research. 2001;6:27–38.
  • Barón M. Addiction treatment for Mexican American families. In: Krestan JA, editor. Bridges to Recovery: Addiction, Family Therapy, and Multicultural Treatment. New York: The Free Press; 2000. pp. 219–252.
  • Barr DA. Health Disparities in the United States: Social Class, Race, Ethnicity, and Health. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press; 2008.
  • Barreto RM, Segal SP. Use of mental health services by Asian Americans. Psychiatric Services. 2005;56(6):746–748. [PMC free article: PMC7333528] [PubMed: 15939954]
  • Barrett ME. Wat Thamkrabok: A Buddhist drug rehabilitation program in Thailand. Substance Use & Misuse. 1997;32(4):435–459. [PubMed: 9090805]
  • Barry DT. Development of a new scale for measuring acculturation: The East Asian Acculturation Measure (EAAM). Journal of Immigrant Health. 2001;3:193–197. [PubMed: 16228786]
  • Bassett D, Tsosie U, Nannauck S. “Our culture is medicine”: Perspectives of Native healers on posttrauma recovery among American Indian and Alaska Native patients. The Permanente Journal. 2012;16(1):19–27. [PMC free article: PMC3327107] [PubMed: 22529755]
  • Batistoni SS, Neri AL, Cupertino AP. Validity of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale among Brazilian elderly. Revista de Saude Publica. 2007;41:598–605. [PubMed: 17589758]
  • Bazron B, Scallet L. The Impact of Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services on Access To Care in a Managed Behavioral Health Care Environment. Falls Church, VA: The Lewin Group; 1998. Working Draft.
  • Beach MC, Gary TL, Price EG, Robinson K, Gozu A, Palacio A, Smarth C, Jenckes M, Feuerstein C, Bass EB, Powe NR, Cooper LA. Improving health care quality for racial/ethnic minorities: A systematic review of the best evidence regarding provider and organization interventions. BMC Public Health. 2006;6:104. [PMC free article: PMC1525173] [PubMed: 16635262]
  • Beals J, Manson SM, Shore JH, Friedman MJ, Ashcraft M, Fairbank JA, Schlenger WE. The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder among American Indian Vietnam veterans: Disparities and context. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 2002;15(2):89–97. [PubMed: 12013069]
  • Beals J, Manson SM, Whitesell NR, Spicer P, Novins DK, Mitchell CM. Prevalence of DSM-IV disorders and attendant help-seeking in two American Indian reservation populations. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2005;62(1):99–108. [PubMed: 15630077]
  • Beals J, Novins DK, Spicer P, Whitesell NR, Mitchell CM, Manson SM. Help seeking for substance use problems in two American Indian reservation populations. Psychiatric Services. 2006;57(4):512–520. [PubMed: 16603747]
  • Beals J, Spicer P, Mitchell CM, Novins DK, Manson SM, American Indian Service Utilization Psychiatric Epidemiology Risk and Protective Factors Project Team. Big Crow CK, Buchwald D, Chambers B, Christensen ML, Dillard DA, DuBray K, Espinoza PA, Fleming CM, Frederick AW, Gurley D, Jervis LL, Jim SM, Kaufman CE, Keane EM, Klein SA, Lee D, McNulty MC, Middlebrook DL, Moore LA, Nez TD, Norton IM, Orton HD, Randall CJ, Sam A, Shore JH, Simpson SG, Yazzie LL. Racial disparities in alcohol use: Comparison of two American Indian reservation populations with national data. American Journal of Public Health. 2003;93(10):1683–1685. [PMC free article: PMC1448033] [PubMed: 14534221]
  • Bean RA, Perry BJ, Bedell TM. Developing culturally competent marriage and family therapists: Guidelines for working with Hispanic families. Journal of Marital & Family Therapy. 2001;27(1):43–54. [PubMed: 11215989]
  • Beauvais F, Wayman JC, Jumper-Thurman P, Plested B, Helm H. Inhalant abuse among American Indian, Mexican American, and non-Latino white adolescents. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 2002;28(1):171–187. [PubMed: 11853132]
  • Beck AT, Steer RA. BAI, Beck Anxiety Inventory Manual. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation; 1990.
  • Beck AT, Steer RA, Brown GK. Beck Depression Inventory - II Manual. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation; 1996.
  • Becker HS. Becoming a marihuana user. American Journal of Sociology. 1953;59(3):235.
  • Bedregal LE, Sobell LC, Sobell MB, Simco E. Psychometric characteristics of a Spanish version of the DAST-10 and the RAGS. Addictive Behaviors. 2006;31:309–319. [PubMed: 15979248]
  • Bell-Tolliver L, Burgess R, Brock LJ. African American therapists working with African American families: An exploration of the strengths perspective in treatment. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy. 2009;35(3):293–307. [PubMed: 19522783]
  • Bennett LA, Cook PW. Alcohol and drug studies. In: Sargent CF, Johnson TM, editors. Handbook of Medical Anthropology: Contemporary Theory and Method. Revised ed. Portsmouth, NH: Greenwood Publishing Group; 1996. pp. 235–251.
  • Benuto LT. Guide to Psychological Assessment With Hispanics. New York: Springer; 2012.
  • Berger LK, Zane N, Hwang WC. Therapist ethnicity and treatment orientation differences in multicultural counseling competencies. Asian American Journal of Psychology. 2014;5(1):53–65. [PMC free article: PMC4286210] [PubMed: 25580187]
  • Bergmark KH, Kuendig H. Pleasures of drinking: A cross-cultural perspective. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse. 2008;7(2):131–153. [PubMed: 19042802]
  • Berlin EA, Fowkes WC Jr. A teaching framework for cross-cultural health care. Application in family practice. The Western Journal of Medicine. 1983;139(6):934–938. [PMC free article: PMC1011028] [PubMed: 6666112]
  • Bernal G, Domenech Rodriguez MM. Cultural Adaptations: Tools for Evidence-Based Practice with Diverse Populations. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association; 2012.
  • Bernstein J, Bernstein E, Tassiopoulos K, Heeren T, Levenson S, Hingson R. Brief motivational intervention at a clinic visit reduces cocaine and heroin use. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2005;77(1):49–59. [PubMed: 15607841]
  • Berry JW. Acculturative stress. In: Organista PB, Chun KM, Marin G, editors. Readings in Ethnic Psychology. New York: Routledge; 1998. pp. 117–122.
  • Bezdek M, Spicer P. Maintaining abstinence in a northern plains tribe. Medical Anthropology Quarterly. 2006;20(2):160–181. [PubMed: 16770909]
  • Bhugra D, Becker MA. Migration, cultural bereavement and cultural identity. World Psychiatry. 2005;4(1):18–24. [PMC free article: PMC1414713] [PubMed: 16633496]
  • Bhugra D, Gupta S. Culture and its influence on diagnosis and management. In: Morgan C, editor. Principles of Social Psychiatry. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell; 2010. pp. 117–131.
  • Bhui K, Warfa N, Edonya P, McKenzie K, Bhugra D. Cultural competence in mental health care: A review of model evaluations. BMC Health Services Research. 2007;7:15. [PMC free article: PMC1800843] [PubMed: 17266765]
  • Bibb A, Casimer GJ. Addiction recovery among West Indians. In: Krestan JA, editor. Bridges to Recovery: Addiction, Family Therapy, and Multicultural Treatment. New York: The Free Press; 2000. pp. 173–191.
  • Bigby J., American College of Physicians. Cross-Cultural Medicine. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians; 2003.
  • Black DW, Arndt S, Hale N, Rogerson R. Use of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) as a screening tool in prisons: Results of a preliminary study. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law. 2004;32:158–162. [PubMed: 15281417]
  • Blackman SJ. Has drug culture become an inevitable part of youth culture? A critical assessment of drug education. Educational Review. 1996;48(2):131–142.
  • Blake A. Drugs and popular music in the modern age. In: Manning P, editor. Drugs and Popular Culture: Drugs, Media and Identity in Contemporary Society. Devon, United Kingdom: Willan Publishing; 2007. pp. 103–116.
  • Bland IJ, Kraft I. The therapeutic alliance across cultures. In: Okpaku SO, editor. Clinical Methods in Transcultural Psychiatry. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1998. pp. 266–278.
  • Blendon RJ, Buhr T, Cassidy EF, Perez DJ, Hunt KA, Fleischfresser C, Benson JM, Herrmann MJ. Disparities in health: Perspectives of a multi-ethnic, multi-racial America. Health Affairs (Project Hope). 2007;26(5):1437–1447. [PubMed: 17848456]
  • Bloomfield K, Gmel G, Wilsnack S. Introduction to special issue: Gender, culture and alcohol problems: A multi-national study. Alcohol and Alcoholism Supplement. 2006;41(1):i3–i7. [PubMed: 17030501]
  • Blume AW, Morera OF, de la Cruz BG. Assessment of addictive behaviors in ethnic-minority cultures. In: Donovan DM, Marlatt GA, editors. Assessment of Addictive Behaviors. 2nd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2005. pp. 49–70.
  • Bluthenthal RN, Jacobson JO, Robinson PL. Are racial disparities in alcohol treatment completion associated with racial differences in treatment modality entry? Comparison of outpatient treatment and residential treatment in Los Angeles County, 1998 to 2000. Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research. 2007;31(11):1920–1926. [PubMed: 17908265]
  • Bonilla J, Bernal G, Santos A, Santos D. A revised Spanish version of the Beck Depression Inventory: Psychometric properties with a Puerto Rican sample of college students. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2004;60:119–130. [PubMed: 14692014]
  • Bonnie RJ, Whitebread CH. The forbidden fruit and the tree of knowledge: An inquiry into the legal history of American marijuana prohibition. Virginia Law Review. 1970;56(6):971.
  • Borges G, Cherpitel CJ. Selection of screening items for alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence among Mexicans and Mexican Americans in the emergency department. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 2001;62:277–285. [PubMed: 11414336]
  • Bourgois P. In Search of Respect: Selling Crack in El Barrio. 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press; 2003.
  • Bourgois P. Just another night in a shooting gallery. Theory, Culture & Society. 1998;15(2):37–66.
  • Bourgois P, Schonberg J. Intimate apartheid: Ethnic dimensions of habitus among homeless heroin injectors. Ethnography. 2007;8(1):7–31. [PMC free article: PMC2748417] [PubMed: 19777125]
  • Bourgois P, Martinez A, Kral A, Edlin BR, Schonberg J, Ciccarone D. Reinterpreting ethnic patterns among White and African American men who inject heroin: A social science of medicine approach. PLoS Medicine. 2006;3:0001–0011. [PMC free article: PMC1621100] [PubMed: 17076569]
  • Bowker A. The 21st Century substance abuser: Cyberspace intersecting with the drug culture. Scituate, MA: Corrections Connection; 2011.
  • Boyd-Franklin N. Black Families in Therapy: Understanding the African American Experience. 2nd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2003.
  • Boyd-Franklin N, Karger M. Normal Family Processes: Growing Diversity and Complexity. 4th ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2012. Intersections of race, class, and poverty: Challenges and resilience in African American families; pp. 273–296.
  • Boyd-Franklin N, Kelly S, Durham J. African-American couples in therapy. In: Gurman AS, editor. Clinical Handbook of Couple Therapy. New York: Guilford Press; 2008. pp. 681–697.
  • Brach C, Fraser I. Can cultural competency reduce racial and ethnic health disparities? A review and conceptual model. Medical Care Research and Review. 2000;57(Suppl 1):181–217. [PMC free article: PMC5091811] [PubMed: 11092163]
  • Brady M. Culture in treatment, culture as treatment: A critical appraisal of developments in addictions programs for indigenous North Americans and Australians. Social Science & Medicine. 1995;41(11):1487–1498. [PubMed: 8607039]
  • Brave Heart MYH. Gender differences in the historical trauma response among the Lakota. Journal of Health & Social Policy. 1999;10(4):1–20. [PubMed: 10538183]
  • Brave Heart MYH. Culturally and historically congruent clinical social work assessment with native clients. In: Fong R, Furuto S, editors. Cultural Competent Practice: Skills, Interventions, and Evaluation. Reading, MA: Longman Publishers; 2001. pp. 163–177.
  • Brave Heart MYH, Chase J, Elkins J, Altschul DB. Historical trauma among Indigenous peoples of the Americas: Concepts, research, and clinical considerations. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 2011;43(4):282–290. [PubMed: 22400458]
  • Brave Heart MYH, Debruyn LM. The American Indian Holocaust: Healing historical unresolved grief. American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research. 1998;8(2):56–78. [PubMed: 9842066]
  • Brecht ML, von Mayrhauser C, Anglin MD. Predictors of relapse after treatment for methamphetamine use. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 2000;32(2):211–220. [PubMed: 10908010]
  • Breslau N, Davis GC, Andreski P. Risk factors for PTSD-related traumatic events: A prospective analysis. The American Journal of Psychiatry. 1995;152(4):529–535. [PubMed: 7694900]
  • Bresnahan M, Begg MD, Brown A, Schaefer C, Sohler N, Insel B, Vella L, Susser E. Race and risk of schizophrenia in a US birth cohort: Another example of health disparity? International Journal of Epidemiology. 2000;36:751–758. [PubMed: 17440031]
  • Brisbane FL. Introduction: Diversity among African Americans. In: Brisbane FL, Epstein LG, Pacheco G, Quinlan JW, editors. Cultural Competence for Health Care Professionals Working With African-American Communities: Theory and Practice. Rockville, MD: Center for Substance Abuse Prevention; 1998. pp. 1–8. (CSAP Cultural Competence Series 7).
  • Broekman BFP, Nyunt SZ, Niti M, Jin AZ, Ko SM, Kumar R, Fones CS, Ng TP. Differential item functioning of the Geriatric Depression Scale in an Asian population. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2008;108:285–290. [PubMed: 17997490]
  • Brower KJ, Carey TL. Racially related health disparities and alcoholism treatment outcomes. Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research. 2003;27(8):1365–1367. [PubMed: 12966341]
  • Brown BS, O'Grady K, Battjes RJ, Farrell EV. Factors associated with treatment outcomes in an aftercare population. The American Journal of Addiction. 2004;13(5):447–460. [PubMed: 15764423]
  • Broz D, Ouellet LJ. Racial and ethnic changes in heroin injection in the United States: Implications for the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2008;94(1-3):221–233. [PMC free article: PMC2268905] [PubMed: 18242879]
  • Burgess DJ, Ding Y, Hargreaves M, van Ryn M, Phelan S. The association between perceived discrimination and underutilization of needed medical and mental health care in a multi-ethnic community sample. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved. 2008;19(3):894–911. [PubMed: 18677077]
  • Butcher JN, Dahlstrom WG, Graham JR, Tellegen A, Kaemmer B. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2): Manual for Administration and Scoring. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press; 1989.
  • Butler SF, Redondo JP, Fernandez KC, Villapiano A. Validation of the Spanish Addiction Severity Index Multimedia Version (S-ASI-MV). Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2009;99:18–27. 2009. [PMC free article: PMC2651671] [PubMed: 18718727]
  • Caetano R. Alcohol-related health disparities and treatment-related epidemiological findings among Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics in the United States. Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research. 2003;27(8):1337–1339. [PubMed: 12966334]
  • Caetano R, Clark CL. Trends in alcohol-related problems among Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics: 1984–1995. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 1998;22(2):534–538. [PubMed: 9581665]
  • Caetano R, Ramisetty-Mikler S, Rodriguez LA. The Hispanic Americans baseline alcohol survey (HABLAS): Rates and predictors of alcohol abuse and dependence across Hispanic national groups. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. 2008;69(3):441–448. [PMC free article: PMC2553043] [PubMed: 18432387]
  • Caetano R, Schafer J. DSM-IV alcohol dependence in a treatment sample of White, Black, and Mexican-American men. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 1996;20(2):384–390. [PubMed: 8730234]
  • Calabrese JD. Clinical paradigm clashes: Ethnocentric and political barriers to Native American efforts at self-healing. ETHOS. 2008;36(3):334–353.
  • Calsyn DA, Saxon AJ, Daisy F. Validity of the MCMI Drug Abuse Scale varies as a function of drug choice, race, and Axis II subtypes. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 1991;17:153–159. [PubMed: 1862789]
  • Campinha-Bacote J, Claymore-Cuny D, Cora-Bramble D, Gilbert J, Husbands RM, Like RC, Llerena-Quinn R, Lu FG, Soto-Greene ML, Stubblefield-Tave B, Tang G. Transforming the Face of Health Professions Through Cultural and Linguistic Competence Education: The Role of the HRSA Centers of Excellence. Washington, DC: Health Resources and Services Administration; 2005.
  • Canady RB, Stommel M, Holzman C. Measurement properties of the centers for epidemiological studies depression scale (CES-D) in a sample of African American and non-Hispanic White pregnant women. Journal of Nursing Measurement. 2009;17:91–104. [PMC free article: PMC2997619] [PubMed: 19711708]
  • Canino G. Alcohol use and misuse among Hispanic women: Selected factors, processes, and studies. The International Journal of the Addictions. 1994;29(9):1083–1100. [PubMed: 7960306]
  • Canino G, Bravo M, Ramirez R, Febo VE, Rubio-Stipec M, Fernández RL, Hasin D. The Spanish Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule (AUDADIS): Reliability and concordance with clinical diagnoses in a Hispanic population. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 1999;60:790–799. [PubMed: 10606491]
  • Canino G, Vega WA, Sribney WM, Warner LA, Alegria M. Social relationships, social assimilation, and substance use disorders among adult Latinos in the United States. Journal of Drug Issues. 2008;38(1):69–101. [PMC free article: PMC2792759] [PubMed: 20011228]
  • Carbone-Lopez K, Owens JG, Miller J. Women's “storylines” of methamphetamine initiation in the Midwest. Journal of Drug Issues. 2012;42(3):226–246.
  • Cardemil EV, Moreno O, Sanchez M. One size does not fit all: Cultural considerations in evidence-based practice for depression. In: Springer DW, Rubin A, Beevers CG, editors. Treatment of Depression in Adolescents and Adults. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons; 2011. pp. 221–243.
  • Carise D, McLellan AT. Increasing Cultural Sensitivity of the Addiction Severity Index (ASI): An example With Native Americans in North Dakota. Special Report. Rockville, MD: Center for Substance Abuse Treatment; 1999.
  • Carle A. Assessing the adequacy of self-reported alcohol abuse measurement across time and ethnicity: Cross-cultural equivalence across Hispanics and Caucasians in 1992, non-equivalence in 2001–2002. BMC Public Health. 2009;9(1):60. [PMC free article: PMC2653501] [PubMed: 19228373]
  • Carlson RG. Ethnography and applied substance misuse research: Anthropological and cross-cultural factors. In: Miller WR, Carroll KM, editors. Rethinking Substance Abuse: What the Science Shows and What We Should Do About It. New York: Guilford Press; 2006. pp. 201–219.
  • Carmody DP. Psychometric characteristics of the Beck Depression Inventory-II with college students of diverse ethnicity. International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice. 2005;9:22–28. [PubMed: 24945333]
  • Carnes PJ, Murray RE, Charpentier L. Addiction interaction disorder. In: Coombs RH, editor. Handbook of Addictive Disorders: A Practical Guide to Diagnosis and Treatment. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons; 2004. pp. 31–60.
  • Carpenter-Song E, Whitley R, Lawson W, Quim by E, Drake RE. Reducing disparities in mental health care: Suggestions from the Dartmouth-Howard collaboration. Community Mental Health Journal. 2011;47(1):1–13. [PubMed: 19662528]
  • Carvajal SC, Young RS. Culturally based substance abuse treatment for American Indians/Alaska natives and Latinos. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse. 2009;8(3):207–222. [PMC free article: PMC4443747] [PubMed: 25985067]
  • Case Management Society of America. Standards of Practice for Case Management. Little Rock, AR: Case Management Society of America; 2010.
  • Casswell S, Pledger M, Hooper R. Socioeconomic status and drinking patterns in young adults. Addiction. 2003;98(5):601–610. [PubMed: 12751977]
  • Castro FG. Cultural competence training in clinical psychology: Assessment, clinical intervention, and research. In: Bellack AS, Hersen M, editors. Comprehensive Clinical Psychology: Sociocultural and Individual Differences. Vol. 10. Oxford: Pergamon; 1998. pp. 127–140.
  • Castro FG, Cota MK, Vega S. Health promotion in Latino populations: Program planning, development, and evaluation. In: Huff RM, Kline MV, editors. Promoting Health in Multicultural Populations: A Handbook for Practitioners. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 1999. pp. 137–168.
  • Castro FG, Gutierres S. Drug and alcohol use among rural Mexican Americans. In: Robertson EB, National Institute on Drug Abuse. , editor. Rural Substance Abuse: State Of Knowledge and Issues. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse; 1997. pp. 498–530. (1997)
  • Castro FG, Murray KE. Cultural adaptation and resilience: Controversies, issues, and emerging models. In: Reich JW, Zautra AJ, Hall JS, editors. Handbook of Adult Resilience. New York: Guilford Press; 2010. pp. 375–403.
  • Castro FG, Nichols E, Kater K. Relapse prevention with Hispanic and other racial/ethnic populations: Can cultural resilience promote relapse prevention? In: Witkiewitz KA, Marlatt GA, editors. Therapist's Guide to Evidence-Based Relapse Prevention: Practical Resources for the Mental Health Professional. Boston: Elsevier Academic Press; 2007. pp. 259–292.
  • Castro FG, Proescholdbell RJ, Abeita L, Rodriguez D. Ethnic and cultural minority groups. In: McCrady BS, Epstein EE, editors. Addictions: A Comprehensive Guidebook. New York: Oxford University Press; 1999. pp. 499–526.
  • Castro Y, Gordon KH, Brown JS, Anestis JC, Joiner J. Examination of racial differences on the MMPI-2 clinical and restructured clinical scales in an outpatient sample. Assessment. 2008;15:277–286. [PubMed: 18216166]
  • Celenk O, Van de Vijver F. Assessment of acculturation: Issues and overview of measures. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture. 2011;8(1)
  • Center for Substance Abuse Prevention. Technical Assistance Bulletin. Rockville, MD: Center for Substance Abuse Prevention; 1994. Following Specific Guidelines Will Help You Assess Cultural Competence in Program Design, Application, and Management; pp. 1–4.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Prevention. CSAP Implementation Guide: Hispanic/Latino Natural Support Systems. Washington, DC: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 1995. HHS publication No. (SMA) 95-3033.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Improving Treatment for Drug-Exposed Infants. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1993. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 5). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 95-3057.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Pregnant, Substance-Using Women. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1993. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 2). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 93-1998.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Screening for Infectious Diseases Among Substance Abusers. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1993. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 6). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 95-3060.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Practical Approaches in the Treatment of Women Who Abuse Alcohol and Other Drugs. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC; 1994. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 94-3006.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Simple Screening Instruments for Outreach for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse and Infectious Diseases. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1994. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 11). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 94-2094. [PubMed: 22514818]
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Alcohol and Other Drug Screening of Hospitalized Trauma Patients. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1995. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 16). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 95-3041. [PubMed: 22514821]
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Combining Alcohol and Other Drug Treatment with Diversion for Juveniles in the Justice System. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1995. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 21). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 95-3051. [PubMed: 22514827]
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Developing State Outcomes Monitoring Systems for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1995. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 14). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 95-3031.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. The Role and Current Status of Patient Placement Criteria in the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1995. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 13). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 95-3021.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. The Tuberculosis Epidemic: Legal and Ethical Issues for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment Providers. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1995. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 18). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 95-3047. [PubMed: 22514823]
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Treatment Drug Courts: Integrating Substance Abuse Treatment With Legal Case Processing. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1996. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 23). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 96-3113. [PubMed: 22514829]
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. A Guide to Substance Abuse Services for Primary Care Clinicians. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1997. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 24). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 97-3139.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Substance Abuse Treatment and Domestic Violence. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1997. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 25). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 97-3163.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Comprehensive Case Management for Substance Abuse Treatment. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1998. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 27). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 98-3222.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Continuity of Offender Treatment for Substance Use Disorders From Institution to Community. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1998. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 30). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 98-3245. [PubMed: 22514836]
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Naltrexone and Alcoholism Treatment. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1998. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 28). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 98-3206.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Substance Abuse Among Older Adults. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1998. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 26). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 98-3179.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Substance Use Disorder Treatment for People With Physical and Cognitive Disabilities. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1998. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 29). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 98-3249.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Brief Interventions and Brief Therapies for Substance Abuse. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1999. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 34). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 99-3353.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Cultural Issues in Substance Abuse Treatment. Rockville, MD: Center for Substance Abuse Treatment; 1999. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 99-3278.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Enhancing Motivation for Change in Substance Abuse Treatment. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1999. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 35). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 99-3354.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Screening and Assessing Adolescents for Substance Use Disorders. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1999. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 31). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 99-3282.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Treatment of Adolescents With Substance Use Disorders. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1999. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 32). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 99-3283.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Treatment for Stimulant Use Disorders. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1999. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 33). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 99-3296.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Integrating Substance Abuse Treatment and Vocational Services. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2000. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 38). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 00-3470.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Substance Abuse Treatment for Persons With Child Abuse and Neglect Issues. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2000. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 36). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 00-3357.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Substance Abuse Treatment for Persons With HIV/AIDS. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2000. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 37). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 00-3459.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. A Provider's Introduction to Substance Abuse Treatment for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, And Transgender Individuals. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2001. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 01-3498.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Patterns of Substance Use Among Minority Youth and Adults in the United States: An Overview and Synthesis of National Survey Findings. 2002 February; NEDS Analytic Summary Series #29.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Clinical Guidelines for the Use of Buprenorphine in the Treatment of Opioid Addiction. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2004. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 40). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 04-3939.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Substance Abuse Treatment and Family Therapy. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2004. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 39). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 04-3957.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Medication-Assisted Treatment for Opioid Addiction in Opioid Treatment Programs. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2005. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 43). HHS Publication No. SMA 05-4048.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Substance Abuse Treatment for Adults in the Criminal Justice System. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2005. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 44). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 05-4056.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Substance Abuse Treatment: Group Therapy. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2005. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 41). HHS Publication No. SMA 05-4056.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Substance Abuse Treatment for Persons with Co-Occurring Disorders. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2005. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 42). HHS Publication No. SMA 05-3992.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Detoxification and Substance Abuse Treatment. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2006. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 45). HHS Publication No. SMA 06-4131.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Substance Abuse: Administrative Issues in Intensive Outpatient Treatment. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2006. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 46). HHS Publication No. SMA 06-4151.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Substance Abuse: Clinical Issues in Intensive Outpatient Treatment. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2006. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 47). HHS Publication No. 06-4182.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Managing Depressive Symptoms in Substance Abuse Clients During Early Recovery. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2008. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 48). HHS Publication No. SMA 08-4353. [PubMed: 22514854]
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Addressing Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors With Clients in Substance Abuse Treatment. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2009. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 50). HHS Publication No. SMA 09-4381.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Incorporating Alcohol Pharmacotherapies Into Medical Practice. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2009. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 49). HHS Publication No. SMA 09-4380.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Substance Abuse Treatment: Addressing the Specific Needs of Women. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2009. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 51). HHS Publication No. SMA 09-4426.
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Supervision and the Professional Development of the Substance Abuse Counselor. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2009. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 52). HHS Publication No. SMA 09-4435.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC Health Disparities and Inequalities Report—United States, 2011. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2011;60(Suppl):1–109.
  • Chae DH, Takeuchi DT, Barbeau EM, Bennett GG, Lindsey JC, Stoddard AM, Krieger N. Alcohol disorders among Asian Americans: Associations with unfair treatment, racial/ethnic discrimination, and ethnic identification (the National Latino and Asian Americans study, 2002–2003). Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 2008;62(11):973–979. [PubMed: 18854501]
  • Chan GM, Hoffman RS, Gold JA, Whiteman PJ, Goldfrank LR, Nelson LS. Racial variations in the incidence of severe alcohol withdrawal. Journal of Medical Toxicology. 2009;5(1):8–14. [PMC free article: PMC3550340] [PubMed: 19191209]
  • Chan S, Chen D. Families with Asian roots. In: Lynch EW, Hanson MJ, editors. Developing Cross-Cultural Competence: A Guide for Working With Children and Their Families. 4th ed. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing; 2011. pp. 234–318.
  • Chang J, Shrake E, Rhee S. Patterns of alcohol use and attitudes toward drinking among Chinese and Korean American college students. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse. 2008;7(3):341–356. [PubMed: 19042813]
  • Chang P. Treating Asian/Pacific American addicts and their families. In: Krestan JA, editor. Bridges to Recovery: Addiction, Family Therapy, and Multicultural Treatment. New York: Free Press; 2000. pp. 192–218.
  • Chao PJ, Steffen JJ, Heiby EM. The effects of working alliance and client-clinician ethnic match on recovery status. Community Mental Health Journal. 2012;48(1):91–97. [PubMed: 21681459]
  • Chapleski EE, Lamphere JK, Kaczynski R, Lichtenberg PA, Dwyer JW. Structure of a depression measure among American Indian elders: Confirmatory factor analysis of the CES-D Scale. Research on Aging. 1997;19:462–485.
  • Chapman LK, Williams SR, Mast BT, Woodruff-Borden J. A confirmatory factor analysis of the Beck Anxiety Inventory in African American and European American young adults. Journal of Anxiety Disorders. 2009;23:387–392. [PubMed: 19150216]
  • Chappel JN. Spiritual components of the recovery process. In: Graham AW, Wilford BB, editors. Principles of Addiction Medicine. 2nd ed. Chevy Chase, MD: American Society of Addiction Medicine; 1998. pp. 725–728.
  • Charon JM. Ten Questions: A Sociological Perspective. 5th ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth; 2004.
  • Chatterji S, Saunders JB, Vrasti R, Grant BF, Hasin D, Mager D. Reliability of the alcohol and drug modules of the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule–Alcohol/Drug-Revised (AUDADIS-ADR): An international comparison. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 1997;47:171–185. [PubMed: 9306043]
  • Chavez AF, Guido-DiBrito F. Racial and ethnic identity and development. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education. 1999;84:39–47.
  • Chen CP. Group counseling in a different cultural context: Several primary issues in dealing with Chinese clients. Group. 1995;19(1):45–55.
  • Cheng TC, Robinson MA. Factors leading African Americans and Black Caribbeans to use social work services for treating mental and substance use disorders. Health & Social Work. 2013;38(2):99–109. [PubMed: 23865287]
  • Cheng AT, Tien AY, Chang CJ, Brugha TS, Cooper JE, Lee CS, Compton W, Liu CY, Yu WY, Chen HM. Cross-cultural implementation of a Chinese version of the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) in Taiwan. British Journal of Psychiatry. 2001;178:567–572. [PubMed: 11388976]
  • Cherpitel CJ. Screening for alcohol problems in the emergency department. Annals of Emergency Medicine. 1995;26:158–166. [PubMed: 7618778]
  • Cherpitel CJ. Comparison of screening instruments for alcohol problems between Black and White emergency room patients from two regions of the country. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 1997;21:1391–1397. [PubMed: 9394109]
  • Cherpitel CJ. Emergency room and primary care services utilization and associated alcohol and drug use in the United States general population. Alcohol and Alcoholism. 1999;34:581–589. [PubMed: 10456587]
  • Cherpitel CJ. A brief screening instrument for problem drinking in the emergency room: The RAPS4. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 2000;61:447–449. [PubMed: 10807217]
  • Cherpitel CJ. Screening for alcohol problems in the U.S. general population: Comparison of the CAGE, RAPS4, and RAPS4-QF by gender, ethnicity, and service utilization. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 2002;26:1686–1691. [PubMed: 12436057]
  • Cherpitel CJ, Bazargan S. Screening for alcohol problems: Comparison of the audit, RAPS4 and RAPS4-QF among African American and Hispanic patients in an inner city emergency department. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2003;71:275–280. [PubMed: 12957345]
  • Cherpitel CJ, Borges G. Performance of screening instruments for alcohol problems in the ER: A comparison of Mexican-Americans and Mexicans in Mexico. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 2000;26:683–702. [PubMed: 11097199]
  • Cherpitel CJ, Robertson M, Ye Y, Borges G, Bautista CF, Lown A, Greenfield T, Bond J. Comorbidity for alcohol use disorders and drug use in Mexican-origin groups: Comparison of data from national alcohol surveys in the U.S. and Mexico. Substance Use & Misuse. 2007;42(11):1685–1703. [PubMed: 17934990]
  • Cherpitel CJ, Ye Y, Moskalewicz J, Swiatkiewicz G. Screening for alcohol problems in two emergency service samples in Poland: Comparison of the RAPS4, CAGE and AUDIT. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2005;80:201–207. [PubMed: 15896929]
  • Cheung S. Asian American immigrant mental health: Current status and future directions. In: Chin JL, editor. Diversity in Mind and in Action, Vol 1: Multiple Faces of Identity. Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger/ABC-CLIO; 2009. pp. 87–104.
  • Chi I, Lubben JE, Kitano HH. Differences in drinking behavior among three Asian-American groups. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 1989;50(1):15–23. [PubMed: 2927118]
  • Choney SK, Berryhill-Paapke E, Robbins RR. The acculturation of American Indians: Developing frameworks for research and practice. In: Ponterotto JG, Casas JM, Suzuki LA, Alexander CM, editors. Handbook of Multicultural Counseling. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 1995. pp. 73–92.
  • Chong J, Herman-Stahl M. Substance abuse treatment outcomes among American Indians in the telephone aftercare project. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 2003;35(1):71–77. [PubMed: 12733761]
  • Chong J, Lopez D. Social networks, support, and psychosocial functioning among American Indian women in treatment. American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research. 2005;12(1):62–85. [PubMed: 17602394]
  • Chow JC, Jaffee K, Snowden L. Racial/ethnic disparities in the use of mental health services in poverty areas. American Journal of Public Health. 2003;93(5):792–797. [PMC free article: PMC1447841] [PubMed: 12721146]
  • Cochrane R, Bal S. The drinking habits of Sikh, Hindu, Muslim and White men in the West Midlands: A community survey. British Journal of Addiction. 1990;85(6):759–769. [PubMed: 2378993]
  • Cohen K. Honoring the Medicine: The Essential Guide to Native American Healing. New York: Ballantine Books; 2003.
  • Cohen P. Junky elend: Some ways of explaining it and dealing with it. Wiener Zeitschrift Fur Suchtforschung. 1992;14(3-4):59–64. 1991.
  • Cokley K, Williams W. A psychometric examination of the Africentric Scale: Challenges in measuring Afrocentric values. Journal of Black Studies. 2005;35(6):827–843.
  • Cole SR, Kawachi I, Maller SJ, Berkman LF. Test of item-response bias in the CES-D scale: Experience from the New Haven EPESE Study. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 2000;53:285–289. [PubMed: 10760639]
  • Colistra A, Brown-Rice K. When the Rubber Hits the Road: Applying Multicultural Competencies in Cross-Cultural Supervision. Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association; 2011.
  • Comas-Diaz L. Multicultural Care: A Clinician's Guide to Cultural Competence. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2012. pp. 33–56.
  • Congress EP. The use of culturagrams to assess and empower culturally diverse families. Families in Society. 1994;75(9):531–540.
  • Congress EP. Cultural and ethical issues in working with culturally diverse patients and their families: The use of the culturagram to promote cultural competent practice in health care settings. Social Work in Health Care. 2004;39(3-4):249–262. [PubMed: 15774395]
  • Congress EP, Kung WW. Using the culturagram to assess and empower culturally diverse families. In: Congress EP, González MJ, editors. Multicultural Perspectives in Working With Families. 2nd ed. New York: Springer; 2005. pp. 3–21.
  • Constantine MG, Sue DW. Strategies for Building Multicultural Competence in Mental Health and Educational Settings. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons; 2005.
  • Cook CCH. Addiction and spirituality. Addiction. 2004;99(5):539–551. [PubMed: 15078228]
  • Cooper LA, Brown C, Vu HT, Ford DE, Powe NR. How important is intrinsic spirituality in depression care? A comparison of White and African-American primary care patients. Journal of General Internal Medicine. 2001;16(9):634–638. [PMC free article: PMC1495266] [PubMed: 11556945]
  • Cooper LA, Gonzales JJ, Gallo JJ, Rost KM, Meredith LS, Rubenstein LV, Wang NY, Ford DE. The acceptability of treatment for depression among African-American, Hispanic, and White primary care patients. Medical Care. 2003;41(4):479–489. [PubMed: 12665712]
  • Cooper-Patrick L, Gallo JJ, Powe NR, Steinwachs DS, Eaton WW, Ford DE. Mental health service utilization by African Americans and Whites: The Baltimore epidemiologic catchment area follow-up. Medical Care. 1999;37(10):1034–1045. [PubMed: 10524370]
  • Corbett K, Mora J, Ames G. Drinking patterns and drinking-related problems of Mexican-American husbands and wives. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 1991;52(3):215–223. [PubMed: 2046371]
  • Corbin WR, Vaughan EL, Fromme K. Ethnic differences and the closing of the sex gap in alcohol use among college-bound students. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors. 2008;22(2):240–248. [PMC free article: PMC3073164] [PubMed: 18540721]
  • Cormier LS, Nurius P, Osborn CJ. Interviewing and Change Strategies for Helpers: Fundamental Skills and Cognitive Behavioral Interventions. 6th ed. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning; 2009.
  • Cornell S, Kalt JP. American Indian Self-Determination: The Political Economy of a Successful Policy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University; 2010.
  • Corrigan PW, Kuwabara SA, O'Shaughnessy J. The public stigma of mental illness and drug addiction: Findings from a stratified random sample. Journal of Social Work. 2009;9(2):139–147.
  • Cortes DE, Rogler LH. Biculturality among Puerto Rican adults in the United States. American Journal of Community Psychology. 1994;22:707–722. [PubMed: 7755006]
  • Cottler LB. Composite International Diagnostic Interview - Substance Abuse Module (SAM). St. Louis, MO: Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry; 2000.
  • Council of National Psychological Associations for the Advancement of Ethnic Minority Interests. Psychology Education and Training from Culture-Specific and Multiracial Perspectives: Critical Issues and Recommendations. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2009.
  • Coyhis D. Culturally specific addiction recovery for Native Americans. In: Krestan J, editor. Bridges to Recovery: Addiction, Family Therapy, and Multicultural Treatment. New York: The Free Press; 2000. pp. 77–114.
  • Coyhis D, Simonelli R. Rebuilding Native American communities. Child Welfare. 2005;84(2):323–336. [PubMed: 15828416]
  • Coyhis DL, White WL. Alcohol Problems in Native America: The Untold Story of Resistance and Recovery—”The Truth About the Lie”. Colorado Springs, CO: White Bison, Inc.; 2006.
  • Craig RJ, Olson R. Stability of the MCMI-III in a substance-abusing inpatient sample. Psychological Reports. 1998;83(3, Pt 2):1273–1274. [PubMed: 10079725]
  • Cremonte M, Cherpitel CJ. Performance of screening instruments for alcohol use disorders in emergency department patients in Argentina. Substance Use and Misuse. 2008;43:125–138. [PubMed: 18189209]
  • Crissey SR. Current Population Reports: U.S. Census Bureau. Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau; 2009. Educational attainment in the United States: 2007.
  • Crocker J, Luhtanen R, Blaine B, Broadnax S. Collective self-esteem and psychological well-being among White, Black, and Asian college students. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 1994;20:503–513.
  • Cross TL, Bazron BJ, Dennis KW, Isaacs MR. Towards a Culturally Competent System of Care: A Monograph on Effective Services for Minority Children Who Are Severely Emotionally Disturbed, Vol. 1. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Child Development Center; 1989.
  • Cross WE. The psychology of nigrescence: Revising the Cross model. In: Ponterotto JG, Casas JM, Suzuki LA, Alexander CM, editors. Handbook of Multicultural Counseling. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage; 1995. pp. 93–122.
  • Crum RM. The epidemiology of addictive disorders. In: Graham AW, Schultz TK, Mayo-Smith MF, Ries RK, Wilford BB, editors. Principles of Addiction Medicine. Chevy Chase, MD: American Society of Addiction Medicine; 2003. pp. 17–31.
  • Cuellar I, Arnold B, Maldonado R. Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans II: A revision of the original ARSMA scale. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences. 1995;17:275–304.
  • Cuellar I, Harris LC, Jasso R. An acculturation scale for Mexican American normal and clinical populations. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences. 1980;2:199–217.
  • Curtis-Boles H, Jenkins-Monroe V. Substance abuse in African American women. Journal of Black Psychology. 2000;26(4):450–469.
  • Daeppen JB, Burnand B, Schnyder C, Bonjour M. Validation of the addiction severity index in French-speaking alcoholic patients. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 1996;57:585–590. [PubMed: 8913988]
  • Dai Y, Zhang S, Yamamoto J, Ao M, Belin TR, Cheung F, Hifumi SS. Cognitive behavioral therapy of minor depressive symptoms in elderly Chinese Americans: A pilot study. Community Mental Health Journal. 1999;35(6):537–542. [PubMed: 10863990]
  • Dakof GA, Quille TJ, Tejeda MJ, Alberga LR, Bandstra E, Szapocznik J. Enrolling and retaining mothers of substance-exposed infants in drug abuse treatment. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology. 2003;71(4):764–772. [PubMed: 12924681]
  • Damashek A, Bard D, Hecht D. Provider cultural competency, client satisfaction, and engagement in home-based programs to treat child abuse and neglect. Child Maltreatment. 2012;17(1):56–66. [PMC free article: PMC5609473] [PubMed: 22007034]
  • Dana RH. Understanding Cultural Identity in Intervention and Assessment. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 1998.
  • D'Andrea W. Psychology of European American adults: Challenges, advantages, and the push for further growth. In: Downey CA, editor. Handbook of Race and Development in Mental Health. New York: Springer Science + Business Media; 2012. pp. 223–241.
  • Dansereau DF, Simpson DD. A picture is worth a thousand words: The case for graphic representations. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice. 2009;40(1):104–110.
  • Dansereau DF, Joe GW, Dees SM, Simpson DD. Ethnicity and the effects of mapping-enhanced drug abuse counseling. Addictive Behaviors. 1996;21(3):363–376. [PubMed: 8883486]
  • D'Avanzo CE, Frye B, Froman R. Culture, stress and substance use in Cambodian refugee women. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 1994;55(4):420–426. [PubMed: 7934049]
  • Davidson L, Andres-Hyman R, Bedregal L, Tondora J, Fry J, Kirk TA. From double trouble to dual recovery: Integrating models of recovery in addiction and mental health. Journal of Dual Diagnosis. 2008;9(1):273–290.
  • Dawson DA, Grant BF, Stinson FS, Chou PS. Estimating the effect of help-seeking on achieving recovery from alcohol dependence. Addiction. 2006;101(6):824–834. [PubMed: 16696626]
  • Dawson DA, Grant BF, Stinson FS, Chou PS, Huang B, Ruan WJ. Recovery from DSM-IV alcohol dependence: United States, 2001–2002. Addiction. 2005;100(3):281–292. [PubMed: 15733237]
  • de Korin EC, Petry SSdC. Ethnicity and Family Therapy. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2005. Brazilian families; pp. 166–177.
  • De La Rosa M. Acculturation and Latino adolescents substance use: A research agenda for the future. Substance Use & Misuse. 2002;37(4):429–456. [PubMed: 12064428]
  • De La Rosa M, Vega R, Radisch MA. The role of acculturation in the substance abuse behavior of African-American and Latino adolescents: Advances, issues, and recommendations. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 2000;32(1):33–42. [PubMed: 10801066]
  • Deloria V. God Is Red: A Native View of Religion. New York: Dell Publishing; 1973.
  • Delphin-Rittmon ME, Andres-Hyman R, Flanagan EH, Davidson L. Seven essential strategies for promoting and sustaining systemic cultural competence. Psychiatric Quarterly. 2012;84(1):53–64. [PubMed: 22581030]
  • Delphin-Rittmon M, Andres-Hyman R, Flanagan EH, Ortiz J, Amer MM, Davidson L. Racial-ethnic differences in referral source, diagnosis, and length of stay in inpatient substance abuse treatment. Psychiatric Services. 2012;63(6):612–615. [PubMed: 22422017]
  • DeNavas-Walt C, Proctor BD, Lee CH. Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2005. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2006. pp. 60–229.
  • Dessio W, Wade C, Chao M, Kronenberg F, Cushman LE, Kalmuss D. Religion, spirituality, and healthcare choices of African-American women: Results of a national survey. Ethnicity and Disease. 2004;14(2):189–197. [PubMed: 15132203]
  • de Torres LA, Rebollo EM, Ruiz-Moral R, Fernandez-Garcia JA, Vega RA, Palomino MM. Diagnostic usefulness of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) questionnaire for the detection of hazardous drinking and dependence on alcohol among Spanish patients. European Journal of General Practice. 2009;15:15–21. [PubMed: 19418376]
  • Diwan S, Jonnalagadda SS, Gupta R. Differences in the structure of depression among older Asian Indian immigrants in the United States. Journal of Applied Gerontology. 2004;23:370–384.
  • Dixon M, Iron PE. Strategies for Cultural Competency in Indian Health Care. Washington, DC: American Public Health Association; 2006.
  • Dixon L, Lewis-Fernandez R, Goldman H, Interian A, Michaels A, Kiley MC. Adherence disparities in mental health: Opportunities and challenges. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 2011;199(10):815–820. [PubMed: 21964279]
  • Dogra N, Karim K. Diversity training for psychiatrists. In: Bhattacharya R, Cross S, Bhugra D, editors. Clinical Topics in Cultural Psychiatry. London: Royal College of Psychiatrists; 2010. pp. 348–365.
  • Donisi V, Tedeschi F, Percudani M, Fiorillo A, Confalonieri L, De Rosa C, Salazzari D, Tansella M, Thornicroft G, Amaddeo F. Prediction of community mental health service utilization by individual and ecological level socio-economic factors. Psychiatry Research. 2013;209(3):691–698. [PubMed: 23528520]
  • Downey CA, D'Andrea W. Psychology of European American adults: Challenges, advantages, and the push for further growth. In: Chang EC, Downey CA, editors. Handbook of Race and Development in Mental Health. New York: Springer Science; 2012. pp. 223–241.
  • Drake RE, McHugo GJ, Biesanz JC. The test-retest reliability of standardized instruments among homeless persons with substance use disorders. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 1995;56:161–167. [PubMed: 7760561]
  • Dreachslin JL, Gilbert MJ, Malone B. Diversity and Cultural Competence in Health Care: A Systems Approach. 1st ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 2013.
  • Duffy FF, West JC, Wilk J, Narrow WE, Hales D, Thompson J, Regier DA, Kohout J, Pion GM, Wicherski MM, Bateman N, Whitaker T, Merwin EI, Lyon D, Fox JC, Delaney KR, Hanrahan N, Stockton R, Garbelman J, Kaladow J, Clawson TW, Smith SC, Bergman DM, Northey WF, Blankertz L, Thomas A, Sullivan LD, Dwyer KP, Fleischer MS, Woodruff CR, Goldsmith HF, Henderson MJ, Atay JJ, Manderscheid RW. Mental health practitioners and trainees. In: Manderscheid RW, Henderson MJ, editors. Mental Health, United States, 2002. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2004. pp. 327–368. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 3938.
  • Dugger K. Social location and gender-role attitudes: A comparison of Black and White women. In: Lorber J, Farrell SA, editors. The Social Construction of Gender. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications; 1991. pp. 38–59.
  • Duran B, Duran E, Brave Heart MYH. Native Americans and trauma of history. In: Thornton R, editor. Studying Native America: Problems and Prospects. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press; 1998. pp. 60–76.
  • Duran BG, Oetzel J, Lucero J, Jiang Y, Novins DK, Manson S, Beals J. Obstacles for rural American Indians seeking alcohol, drug, or mental health treatment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 2005;73(5):819–829. [PubMed: 16287382]
  • Duran BG, Wallerstein N, Miller WR. New approaches to alcohol interventions among American Indian and Latino communities: The experience of the Southwest Addictions Research Group. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly. 2007;25(4):1–10.
  • Duran E. Healing the Soul Wound: Counseling With American Indians and Other Native Peoples (Multicultural Foundations of Psychology and Counseling). New York: Teachers College Press; 2006.
  • Durant A. African-American alcoholics: An interpretive/constructivist model of affiliation with Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse. 2005;4(1):5–21. [PubMed: 16870569]
  • Dutton GR, Grothe KB, Jones GN, Whitehead D, Kendra K, Brantley PJ. Use of the Beck Depression Inventory-II with African American primary care patients. General Hospital Psychiatry. 2004;26:437–442. [PubMed: 15567209]
  • Ebberhart NC, Luczak SE, Avanecy N, Wall TL. Family history of alcohol dependence in Asian Americans. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 2003;35(3):375–377. [PubMed: 14621135]
  • Edberg MC. El Narcotraficante: Narcocorridos and the Construction of a Cultural Persona on the U.S. Mexican Border. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press; 2004.
  • Edwards ED, Egbert-Edwards M. Community development with American Indians and Alaska Natives. In: Rivera FG, Erlich JL, editors. Community Organizing in a Diverse Society. 3rd ed. Boston: Allyn & Bacon; 1998. pp. 25–42.
  • Edwards ED, Seaman JR, Drews J, Edwards ME. A community approach for Native American drug and alcohol prevention programs: A logic model framework. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly. 1995;13(2):43–62.
  • Edwards Y. Cultural connection and transformation: substance abuse treatment at Friendship House. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 2003;35(1):53–58. [PubMed: 12733758]
  • Ehlers CL, Hurst S, Phillips E, Gilder DA, Dixon M, Gross A, Lau P, Yehuda R. Electrophysiological responses to affective stimuli in American Indians experiencing trauma with and without PTSD. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2006;1071:125–136. [PubMed: 16891567]
  • Ennis SR, Rios-Vargas M, Albert NG. The Hispanic Population: 2010. Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau; 2011. Census 2010 Brief.
  • Esan O. Echoes of drug culture in urban music. In: Manning P, editor. Drugs and Popular Culture: Drugs, Media and Identity in Contemporary Society. Devon, United Kingdom: Willan Publishing; 2007. pp. 196–210.
  • Escobar JI, Vega WA. Mental health and immigration's AAAs: where are we and where do we go from here? Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 2000;188(11):736–740. [PubMed: 11093375]
  • Evans E, Pierce J, Li L, Rawson R, Hser YI. More alike than different: Health needs, services utilization, and outcomes of Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) populations treated for substance use disorders. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse. 2012;11(4):318–338. [PMC free article: PMC3526835] [PubMed: 23216439]
  • Evans-Campbell T. Historical trauma in American Indian/Native Alaska communities: A multi-level framework for exploring impacts on individuals, families, and communities. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 2008;23(3):316–338. [PubMed: 18245571]
  • Ewing JA. Detecting alcoholism. The CAGE questionnaire. Journal of the American Medical Association. 1984;252:1905–1907. [PubMed: 6471323]
  • Eytan A, Durieux-Paillard S, Whitaker-Clinch B, Loutan L, Bovier PA. Transcultural validity of a structured diagnostic interview to screen for major depression and posttraumatic stress disorder among refugees. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 2007;195:723–728. [PubMed: 17984771]
  • Fadiman A. The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down: A Hmong Child, Her American Doctors, and the Collision of Two Cultures. 1st ed. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux; 1997. [PubMed: 11401806]
  • Falck RS, Wang J, Carlson RG. Among long-term crack smokers, who avoids and who succumbs to cocaine addiction? Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2008;98(1-2):24–29. [PMC free article: PMC2564618] [PubMed: 18499357]
  • Falicov CJ. Mexican Families. In: McGoldrick M, Giordano J, Garcia-Preto N, editors. Ethnicity and Family Therapy. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2005. pp. 229–241.
  • Falicov CJ. Immigrant family processes: A multidimensional framework. In: Walsh F, editor. Normal Family Processes: Growing Diversity and Complexity. 4th ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2012. pp. 297–323.
  • Farley M, Golding JM, Young G, Mulligan M, Minkoff JR. Trauma history and relapse probability among patients seeking substance abuse treatment. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 2004;27(2):161–167. [PubMed: 15450649]
  • Farver JA, Narang SK, Bhadha BR. East meets West: Ethnic identity, acculturation, and conflict in Asian Indian families. Journal of Family Psychology. 2002;16(3):338–350. [PubMed: 12238415]
  • Feidler K, Screen A, Greenfield L, Fountain D. Analysis of Three Outcome Proxies for Post-Treatment Substance Use in NTIES. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2001.
  • Fekjaer HO. The Psychology of “Getting High”. Colombo, Sri Lanka: ADIC; 1994.
  • Felix-Ortiz M, Newcomb MD, Myers H. A multidimensional measure of cultural identity for Latino and Latina adolescents. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences. 1994;16:99–115.
  • Fellner J. Race, drugs and law enforcement in the United States. Stanford Law and Policy Review. 2009;20(2):257–292.
  • Fernandez-Montalvo J, Landa N, Lopez-Goni JJ, Lorea I. Personality disorders in alcoholics: A comparative pilot study between the IPDE and the MCMI-II. Addictive Behaviors. 2006;31:1442–1448. [PubMed: 16236456]
  • Field C, Caetano R. The role of ethnic matching between patient and provider on the effectiveness of brief alcohol interventions with Hispanics. Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research. 2010;34(2):262–271. [PMC free article: PMC2827200] [PubMed: 19951297]
  • Field LD, Chavez-Korell S, Domenech Rodriguez MM. No hay rosas sin espinas: Conceptualizing Latina-Latina supervision from a multicultural developmental supervisory model. Training and Education in Professional Psychology. 2010;4(1):47–54.
  • Fiorentine R, Hillhouse MP. Drug treatment effectiveness and client-counselor empathy: Exploring the effects of gender and ethnic congruency. Journal of Drug Issues. 1999;29(1):59–74.
  • Fisher DG, Lankford BA, Galea RP. Therapeutic community retention among Alaska Natives: Akeela house. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 1996;13(3):265–271. [PubMed: 9017570]
  • Flores-Ortiz YG. The role of cultural and gender values in alcohol use patterns among Chicana/Latina high school and university students: Implications for AIDS prevention. The International Journal of the Addictions. 1994;29(9):1149–1171. [PubMed: 7960310]
  • Flynn AM, Alvarez J, Jason LA, Olson BD, Ferrari JR, Davis MI. African American Oxford House residents: Sources of abstinent social networks. Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community. 2006;31(1-2):111–119. [PubMed: 16595391]
  • Folwarski J, Smolinski J. Polish Families. In: McGoldrick M, Giordano J, Garcia-Preto N, editors. Ethnicity and Family Therapy. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2005. pp. 741–755.
  • Fontes LA. Interviewing Clients Across Cultures: A Practitioner's Guide. New York: Guilford Press; 2008.
  • Ford JA, Arrastia MC. Pill-poppers and dopers: A comparison of non-medical prescription drug use and illicit/street drug use among college students. Addictive Behaviors. 2008;33(7):934–941. [PubMed: 18403131]
  • Fortney J, Mukherjee S, Curran G, Fortney S, Han X, Booth BM. Factors associated with perceived stigma for alcohol use and treatment among at-risk drinkers. The Journal of Behavior Health Services & Research. 2004;31(4):418–429. [PubMed: 15602142]
  • Fortuna LR, Alegria M, Gao S. Retention in depression treatment among ethnic and racial minority groups in the United States. Depression and Anxiety. 2010;27(5):485–494. [PMC free article: PMC2927223] [PubMed: 20336808]
  • Fowler DM, Glenwright BJ, Bhatia M, Drapeau M. Counselling expectations of a sample of East Asian and Caucasian Canadian undergraduates in Canada. Canadian Journal of Counselling and Psychotherapy/Revue Canadienne de Counseling et de Psychotherapie. 2011;45(2):151–167.
  • Fragoso JM, Kashubeck S. Machismo, gender role conflict, and mental health in Mexican American men. Psychology of Men and Masculinity. 2000;1:87–97.
  • Frake CO. The diagnosis of disease among the Subanun of Mindanao. American Anthropologist. 1961;63(1):113–132.
  • Frank D, DeBenedetti AF, Volk RJ, Williams EC, Kivlahan DR, Bradley KA. Effectiveness of the AUDIT-C as a screening test for alcohol misuse in three race/ethnic groups. Journal of General Internal Medicine. 2008;23:781–787. [PMC free article: PMC2517893] [PubMed: 18421511]
  • Frank JW, Moore RS, Ames GM. Historical and cultural roots of drinking problems among American Indians. American Journal of Public Health. 2000;90(3):344–351. [PMC free article: PMC1446168] [PubMed: 10705850]
  • Franks PH. Silence/Listening and Intercultural Differences; Presented at the Twenty-First Annual International Listening Association Convention; March 8, 2000; Virginia Beach, VA. 2000.
  • Fredlund EV. Volatile Substance Abuse Among the Kickapoo People in the Eagle Pass, Texas Area, 1993. Austin, TX: Texas Commission on Alcohol and Drug Abuse (TCADA); 1994. Research Briefs.
  • French LA. Addictions and Native Americans. Westport, CT: Praeger; 2000.
  • Friedman MJ, Ashcraft ML, Beals JL, Keane TM, Manson SM, Marsella AJ. Matsunaga Vietnam Veterans Project. 1 and 2. White River Junction, VT: National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and National Center for American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research; 1997.
  • Fujisawa D, Nakagawa A, Tajima M, Sado M, Kikuchi T, Hanaoka M, Ono Y. Cognitive behavioral therapy for depression among adults in Japanese clinical settings: A single-group study. BMC Research Notes. 2010;3:160. [PMC free article: PMC2887906] [PubMed: 20529252]
  • Fung K, Lo HT, Srivastava R, Andermann L. Organizational cultural competence consultation to a mental health institution. Transcultural Psychiatry. 2012;49(2):165–184. [PubMed: 22508635]
  • Gache P, Michaud P, Landry U, Accietto C, Arfaoul S, Wenger O, Daeppen JB. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) as a screening tool for excessive drinking in primary Care: Reliability and validity of a French version. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 2005;29:2001–2007. [PubMed: 16340457]
  • Gahlinger PM. The Sagebrush Medical Guide to Illegal Drugs. 1st ed. Las Vegas, NV: Sagebrush Press; 2001.
  • Gallardo ME, Curry SJ. Shifting perspectives: Culturally responsive interventions with Latino substance abusers. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse. 2009;8(3):314–329. [PubMed: 25985072]
  • Gallardo ME, Yeh CJ, Trimble JE, Parham TA. Culturally Adaptive Counseling Skills: Demonstrations of Evidence-Based Practices. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 2012.
  • Galvan FH, Caetano R. Alcohol use and related problems among ethnic minorities in the United States. Alcohol Research & Health. 2003;27(1):87–94. [PMC free article: PMC6676695] [PubMed: 15301403]
  • Garcia M, Marks G. Depressive symptomatology among Mexican-American adults: An examination with the CES-D Scale. Psychiatry Research. 1989;27:137–148. [PubMed: 2710862]
  • Garrett MT. Sound of the drum: Group counseling with Native Americans. In: DeLucia-Waack JL, Gerrity DA, Kalodner CR, Riva MT, editors. Handbook of Group Counseling and Psychotherapy. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 2004. pp. 169–182.
  • Garrett MT, Garrett J, Brotherton D. Inner circle/outer circle: A group technique based on Native American healing circles. Journal for Specialists in Group Work. 2001;26:17–30.
  • Garrett MT, Pichette EF. Red as an apple: Native American acculturation and counseling with or without reservation. Journal of Counseling and Development. 2000;78:3–13.
  • Garrett MT, Portman TAA, Williams C, Grayshield L, Rivera ET, Parrish M. Native American adult lifespan perspectives: Where power moves. In: Chang EC, editor. Handbook of Race and Development in Mental Health. New York: Springer Science + Business Media; 2012. pp. 107–126.
  • Garrett MT, Wilbur MP. Does the worm live in the ground? Reflections on Native American spirituality. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development. 1999;27:193–206.
  • Garrity JF. Jesus, peyote, and the holy people: Alcohol abuse and the ethos of power in Navajo healing. Medical Anthropology Quarterly. 2000;14(4):521–542. [PubMed: 11224979]
  • Gaston-Johansson F, Hill-Briggs F, Oguntomilade L, Bradley V, Mason P. Patient perspectives on disparities in healthcare from African-American, Asian, Hispanic, and Native American samples including a secondary analysis of the Institute of Medicine focus group data. Journal of the National Black Nurses Association. 2007;18(2):43–52. [PubMed: 18318331]
  • Gatewood-Colwell G, Kaczmarek M, Ames MH. Reliability and validity of the Beck Depression Inventory for a White and Mexican-American gerontic population. Psychological Reports. 1989;65:1163–1166. [PubMed: 2623107]
  • Gatson SN. Assessing the likelihood of internet information-seeking leading to offline drug use by youth. In: Murguâia E, Tackett-Gibson M, Lessem A, editors. Real Drugs in a Virtual World: Drug Discourse and Community Online. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books; 2007. pp. 99–120.
  • Gatson SN. The body or the body politic? Risk, harm, moral panic and drug use discourse online. In: Murguâia E, Tackett-Gibson M, Lessem A, editors. Real Drugs in a Virtual World: Drug Discourse and Community Online. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books; 2007. pp. 23–44.
  • Gaw AC. Culture, Ethnicity and Mental Illness. Washington,, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1993.
  • Geisz MB. Rand Researchers Study Racial Disparities in Substance Abuse Treatment Programs. Princeton, NJ: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; 2007.
  • Gensheimer L. Learning from the experiences of Hmong mental health providers. Hmong Studies Journal. 2006;7:1–31.
  • Georges CA. Advancing diversity in nursing: An interview with Dr. Catherine Alicia Georges, by Theodore Richardeanea. Policy Politics & Nursing Practice. 2008;9(1):22–26. [PubMed: 18492938]
  • Gerson K. Moral dilemmas, moral strategies, and the transformation of gender: Lessons from two generations of work and family change. Gender & Society. 2002;16(1):8–28.
  • Gerstein DR, Datta AR, Ingels JS, Johnson RA, Rasinski KA, Schildhaus S, Talley K, Jordan K, Phillips DB, Anderson DW, Condelli WG, Collins JS. The National Treatment Improvement Evaluation Study: Final Report. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1997.
  • Ghassemzadeh H, Mojtabai R, Karamghadiri N, Ebrahimkhani N. Psychometric properties of a Persian-language version of The Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition: BDI-II-Persian. Depression and Anxiety. 2005;21:185–192. [PubMed: 16075452]
  • Giang KB, Spak F, Dzung TV, Allebeck P. The use of audit to assess level of alcohol problems in rural Vietnam. Alcohol and Alcoholism. 2005;40:578–583. [PubMed: 16115822]
  • Gibbons FX, Etcheverry PE, Stock ML, Gerrard M, Weng CY, Kiviniemi M, O'Hara RE. Exploring the link between racial discrimination and substance use: What mediates? What buffers? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 2010;99(5):785–801. [PMC free article: PMC3314492] [PubMed: 20677890]
  • Gil RM, Vazquez CI. The Maria Paradox: How Latinas Can Merge Old World Traditions With New World Self-Esteem. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons; 1996.
  • Gilbert J, Langrod J. Polish identity and substance abuse. In: Straussner SLA, editor. Ethnocultural Factors in Substance Abuse Treatment. New York: Guilford Press; 2001. pp. 234–249.
  • Gilbert MJ. Alcohol consumption patterns in immigrant and later generation Mexican American women. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences. 1987;9(3):299–313.
  • Gilbert MJ. Acculturation and changes in drinking patterns among Mexican-American women: Implications for prevention. Alcohol Health and Research World. 1991;15(3):234–238.
  • Gilbert MJ. A Manager's Guide to Cultural Competence Education for Health Care Professionals. Woodland Hills, CA: The California Endowment; 2003.
  • Gilman SE, Breslau J, Conron KJ, Koenen KC, Subramanian SV, Zaslavsky AM. Education and race-ethnicity differences in the lifetime risk of alcohol dependence. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 2008;62(3):224–230. [PMC free article: PMC2748996] [PubMed: 18272737]
  • Gim Chung RH, Kim BSK, Abreu JM. Asian American Multidimensional Acculturation Scale: Development, factor analysis, reliability, and validity. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology. 2004;10:66–80. 2004. [PubMed: 14992631]
  • Giordano J, McGoldrick M. Families of European origin: An overview. In: McGoldrick M, Giordano J, Garcia-Preto N, editors. Ethnicity and Family Therapy. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2005. pp. 501–519.
  • Giordano J, McGoldrick M. Italian families. In: McGoldrick M, Giordano J, Pearce JK, editors. Ethnicity and Family Therapy. 2nd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 1996. pp. 567–582.
  • Gloria AM, Peregoy JJ. Counseling Latino alcohol and other substance users/abusers: Cultural considerations for counselors. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 1996;13(2):119–126. [PubMed: 8880669]
  • Goldstein A, Herrera J. Heroin addicts and methadone treatment in Albuquerque: A 22-year followup. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 1995;40(2):139–150. [PubMed: 8745136]
  • Gone JP, Trimble JE. American Indian and Alaska Native mental health: Diverse perspectives on enduring disparities. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology. 2012;8:131–160. [PubMed: 22149479]
  • Goode T. Policy Brief 4: Engaging Communities to Realize the Vision of One Hundred Percent Access and Zero Health Disparities: A Culturally Competent Approach. Washington, DC: National Center for Cultural Competence, Georgetown University Child Development Center; 2001.
  • Goode TD, Dunne MC, Bronheim SM. The Evidence Base for Cultural and Linguistic Competency in Health Care. New York: The Commonwealth Fund; 2006.
  • Gooding VA. Managing Multi-Generational Anger in African American Males. Jenkintown, PA: Family and Corrections Network; 2002.
  • Gordon R, Heim D, MacAskill S. Rethinking drinking cultures: A review of drinking cultures and a reconstructed dimensional approach. Public Health. 2012;126(1):3–11. [PubMed: 22137093]
  • Gossop M, Stewart D, Browne N, Marsden J. Factors associated with abstinence, lapse or relapse to heroin use after residential treatment: Protective effect of coping responses. Addiction. 2002;97(10):1259–1267. [PubMed: 12359030]
  • Gourley M. A subcultural study of recreational ecstasy use. Journal of Sociology. 2004;40(1):59–73.
  • Graham RE, Ahn AC, Davis RB, O'Connor BB, Eisenberg DM, Phillips RS. Use of complementary and alternative medical therapies among racial and ethnic minority adults: Results from the 2002 National Health Interview Survey. Journal of the National Medical Association. 2005;97(4):535–545. [PMC free article: PMC2568705] [PubMed: 15868773]
  • Grant BF. Barriers to alcoholism treatment: Reasons for not seeking treatment in a general population sample. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 1997;58(4):365–371. [PubMed: 9203117]
  • Grant BF, Dawson DA, Stinson FS, Chou SP, Dufour MC, Pickering RP. The 12-month prevalence and trends in DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence: United States, 1991-1992 and 2001-2002. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2004;74(3):223–234. [PubMed: 15194200]
  • Grant BF, Harford TC, Dawson DA, Chou PS, Pickering RP. The Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview schedule (AUDADIS): Reliability of alcohol and drug modules in a general population sample. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 1995;39:37–44. [PubMed: 7587973]
  • Grant BF, Hasin DS. The Alcohol Use Disorders and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule (AUDADIS). Rockville, MD: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; 1990. (1990)
  • Grant BF, Hasin DS, Stinson FS, Dawson DA, June RW, Goldstein RB, Smith SM, Saha TD, Huang B. Prevalence, correlates, co-morbidity, and comparative disability of DSM-IV generalized anxiety disorder in the USA: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on alcohol and related conditions. Psychological Medicine. 2005;35(12):1747–1759. [PubMed: 16202187]
  • Grant BF, Stinson FS, Dawson DA, Chou SP, Dufour MC, Compton W, Pickering RP, Kaplan K. Prevalence and co-occurrence of substance use disorders and independent mood and anxiety disorders: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2004;61(8):807–816. [PubMed: 15289279]
  • Grant BF, Stinson FS, Hasin DS, Dawson DA, Chou SP, Anderson K. Immigration and lifetime prevalence of DSM-IV psychiatric disorders among Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic Whites in the United States: Results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2004;61(12):1226–1233. [PubMed: 15583114]
  • Greene B. Ethnic minority lesbians and gay men: Mental health and treatment issues. In: Greene B, editor. Ethnic and Cultural Diversity Among Lesbians and Gay Men. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 1997. pp. 216–239.
  • Griffith EEH, Baker FM. Psychiatric care of African Americans. In: Gaw AC, editor. Culture, Ethnicity, and Mental Illness. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1993. pp. 147–173.
  • Griffith JD, Joe GW, Chatham LR, Simpson DD. The development and validation of a simpatia scale for Hispanics entering drug treatment. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences. 1998;20:468–482.
  • Griner D, Smith TB. Culturally adapted mental health intervention: A meta-analytic review. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training. 2006;43(4):531–548. [PubMed: 22122142]
  • Grothe KB, Dutton GR, Jones GN, Bodenlos J, Ancona M, Brantley PJ. Validation of the Beck Depression Inventory-II in a low-income African American sample of medical outpatients. Psychological Assessment. 2005;17:110–114. [PubMed: 15769232]
  • Grund JPC. Drug Use as a Social Ritual: Functionality, Symbolism and Determinants of Self-Regulation. Rotterdam, Netherlands: Instituut voor Verslavingsonderzoek; 1993.
  • Grzywacz JG, Quandt SA, Early J, Tapia J, Graham CN, Arcury TA. Leaving family for work: Ambivalence and mental health among Mexican migrant farmworker men. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. 2006;8(1):85–97. [PubMed: 19835002]
  • Guerrero EG. Organizational characteristics that foster early adoption of cultural and linguistic competence in outpatient substance abuse treatment in the United States. Evaluation and Program Planning. 2012;35(1):9–15. [PMC free article: PMC3176458] [PubMed: 21949458]
  • Guerrero EG, Kim A. Organizational structure, leadership and readiness for change and the implementation of organizational cultural competence in addiction health services. Evaluation and Program Planning. 2013;40:74–81. [PubMed: 23816502]
  • Guerrero EG, Marsh JC, Duan L, Oh C, Perron B, Lee B. Disparities in completion of substance abuse treatment between and within racial and ethnic groups. Health Services Research. 2013;48(4):1450–1467. [PMC free article: PMC3725534] [PubMed: 23350871]
  • Guindon MH, Sobhany MS. Toward cultural competency in diagnosis. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling. 2001;23(4):269–282.
  • Gupta R, Punetha D, Diwan S. The revised CES-D scale for caregivers of the elderly in India. International Journal of Aging and Human Development. 2006;62:61–78. [PubMed: 16454483]
  • Hadjicostandi J, Cheurprakobkit S. Drugs and substances: Views from a Latino community. American Journal of Drug & Alcohol Abuse. 2002;28(4):693–710. [PubMed: 12492265]
  • Haight W, Jacobsen T, Black J, Kingery L, Sheridan K, Mulder C. “In these bleak days”: Parent methamphetamine abuse and child welfare in the rural Midwest. Children and Youth Services Review. 2005;27:949–971.
  • Halkitis PN, Fischgrund BN, Parsons JT. Explanations for methamphetamine use among gay and bisexual men in New York City. Substance Use & Misuse. 2005;40(9-10):1331–1345. [PubMed: 16048820]
  • Hall ET. Beyond Culture. Garden City, NY: Anchor Press; 1976.
  • Hall GCN, Hong JJ, Zane NWS, Meyer OL. Culturally competent treatments for Asian Americans: The relevance of mindfulness and acceptance-based psychotherapies. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice. 2011;18(3):215–231. [PMC free article: PMC3208524] [PubMed: 22065893]
  • Hambleton RK, Merenda PF, Spielberger CD. Adapting Educational and Psychological Tests for Cross-Cultural Assessment. Mahwah, N.J: L. Erlbaum Associates; 2005.
  • Hamid A. Drugs in America: Sociology, Economics, and Politics. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen Publishers; 1998.
  • Hampton RL, Gullotta TP, Crowel RL. Handbook of African American Health. New York: Guilford Press; 2010.
  • Hands Across Cultures. Culture is the Cure: La Cultura Cura. Retrieved on March 28, 2014, from http:​//handsacrosscultures.org.
  • Hanson MJ. Families with Anglo-European roots. In: Lynch EW, Hanson MJ, editors. Developing Cross-Cultural Competence: A Guide for Working With Children and Their Families. 4th ed. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing; 2011. pp. 80–102.
  • Haraguchi A, Ogai Y, Senoo E, Saito S, Suzuki Y, Yoshino A, Ino A, Yanbe K, Hasegawa M, Murakami M, Murayama M, Ishikawa T, Higuchi S, Ikeda K. Verification of the Addiction Severity Index Japanese version (ASI-J) as a treatment-customization, prediction, and comparison tool for alcohol-dependent individuals. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2009;6:2205–2225. [PMC free article: PMC2738883] [PubMed: 19742156]
  • Harris AH, McKellar JD, Moos RH, Schaefer JA, Cronkite RC. Predictors of engagement in continuing care following residential substance use disorder treatment. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2006;84(1):93–101. [PubMed: 16417977]
  • Hasin D, Aharonovich E, Liu X, Mamman Z, Matseoane K, Carr LG, Li TK. Alcohol dependence symptoms and alcohol dehydrogenase 2 polymorphism: Israeli Ashkenazis, Sephardics, and recent Russian immigrants. Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research. 2002;26(9):1315–1321. [PubMed: 12351924]
  • Hasin DS, Goodwin RD, Stinson FS, Grant BF. Epidemiology of major depressive disorder: Results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcoholism and related conditions. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2005;62(10):1097–1106. [PubMed: 16203955]
  • Hasin DS, Stinson FS, Ogburn E, Grant BF. Prevalence, correlates, disability, and comorbidity of DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence in the United States: Results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2007;64(7):830–842. [PubMed: 17606817]
  • Hathaway SR, McKinley JC. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2. Minneapolis, MN: National Computer Systems; 1989.
  • Hatzenbuehler ML, Keyes KM, Narrow WE, Grant BF, Hasin DS. Racial/ethnic disparities in service utilization for individuals with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders in the general population: Results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2008;69(7):1112–1121. [PMC free article: PMC2745048] [PubMed: 18517286]
  • Haynes FE. Gender and family ideals: An exploratory study of Black middle-class Americans. Journal of Family Issues. 2000;21(7):811–837.
  • Hays PA. Addressing Cultural Complexities in Practice: Assessment, Diagnosis, and Therapy. 2nd ed. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2008. Sorting things out: Culturally responsive assessment; pp. 105–127.
  • Hazel KL, Mohatt GV. Cultural and spiritual coping in sobriety: Informing substance abuse prevention for Alaska Native communities. Journal of Community Psychology. 2001;29(5):541–562.
  • Hebdige D. Subculture: The Meaning of Style. New York: Routledge; 1991.
  • Heilbron CL, Guttman MAJ. Traditional healing methods with First Nations women in group counselling. Canadian Journal of Counselling. 2000;34(1):3–13.
  • Helms JE. Black and White Racial Identity: Theory, Research, and Practice. Westport, CT: Praeger; 1990.
  • Helms JE. An update of Helms's White and people of color racial identity models. In: Ponterotto JG, Casas JM, Suzuki LA, Alexander CM, editors. Handbook of Multicultural Counseling. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 1995. pp. 181–198.
  • Helms JE. Racial identity in the social environment. In: Pedersen PB, editor. Multicultural Counseling in Schools: A Practical Handbook. 2nd ed. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon; 2003. pp. 44–58.
  • Helms JE, Carter RT. Development of the White racial identity inventory. In: Helms JE, editor. Black and White Racial Identity: Theory, Research, and Practice. Westport, CT: Praeger; 1990. pp. 67–80.
  • Helms JE, Carter RT. Relationships of White and Black racial identity attitudes and demographic similarity to counselor preferences. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 1991;38(4):446–457.
  • Henson EC. The State of the Native Nations Conditions Under US Policies of Self-Determination: The Harvard Project on American Indian Economic Development. New York: Oxford University Press; 2008.
  • Herbeck DM, Brecht ML, Pham AZ. Racial/ethnic differences in health status and morbidity among adults who use methamphetamine. Psychology, Health, & Medicine. 2013;18(3):262–274. [PMC free article: PMC3644375] [PubMed: 22783966]
  • Herman-Stahl M, Chong J. Substance abuse prevalence and treatment utilization among American Indians residing on-reservation. American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research. 2002;10(3):1–23. [PubMed: 12378422]
  • Herman-Stahl M, Spencer DL, Duncan JE. The implications of cultural orientation for substance use among American Indians. American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research. 2003;11(1):46–66. [PubMed: 12955631]
  • Hernandez M. Puerto Rican families and substance abuse. In: Krestan JA, editor. Bridges to Recovery: Addiction, Family Therapy, and Multicultural Treatment. New York: The Free Press; 2000. pp. 253–283.
  • Hernandez M. Central American families. In: McGoldrick M, Giordano J, Garcia-Preto N, editors. Ethnicity and Family Therapy. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2005. pp. 178–191.
  • Hernandez M, Nesman T, Mowery D, Acevedo-Polakovich ID, Callejas LM. Cultural competence: A literature review and conceptual model for mental health services. Psychiatric Services. 2009;60(8):1046–1050. [PubMed: 19648191]
  • Hien DA, Cohen LR, Miele GM, Litt LC, Capstick C. Promising treatments for women with comorbid PTSD and substance use disorders. The American Journal of Psychiatry. 2004;161(8):1426–1432. [PubMed: 15285969]
  • Hill RB. The Strengths of Black Families. New York: Emerson Hall Publishers; 1972.
  • Hines PM, Boyd-Franklin N. African American families. In: McGoldrick M, Giordano J, Garcia-Preto N, editors. Ethnicity and Family Therapy. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2005. pp. 87–100.
  • Hines-Martin VP, Usui W, Kim S, Furr A. A comparison of influences on attitudes towards mental health service use in an African-American and White community. Journal of the National Black Nurses Association. 2004;15(2):17–22. [PubMed: 15853282]
  • Hixson L, Hepler BB, Kim MO. The Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander Population: 2010. Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau; 2012. Census 2010 Brief.
  • Ho MK. Use of Ethnic Sensitive Inventory (ESI) to enhance practitioner skills with minorities. Journal of Multicultural Social Work. 1991;1:57–67.
  • Hoeffel EM, Rastogi S, Kim MO, Shahid H. The Asian Population: 2010. Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau; 2012. Census 2010 Brief.
  • Hoffman F. Cultural adaptations of Alcoholics Anonymous to serve Hispanic populations. International Journal of Addictions. 1994;29(4):445–460. [PubMed: 8188439]
  • Hoffman JA, Caudill BD, Koman JJ III, Luckey JW, Flynn PM, Mayo DW. Psychosocial treatments for cocaine abuse: 12-month treatment outcomes. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 1996;13(1):3–11. [PubMed: 8699540]
  • Hoffmann T, Dana RH, Bolton B. Measured acculturation and MMPI-168 performance of Native American adults. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 1985;16(2):243–256.
  • Hoge MA, Morris JA, Daniels AS, Stuart GW, Huey LY, Adams N. An Action Plan on Behavioral Health Workforce Development. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2007.
  • Hohman MM, Galt DH. Latinas in treatment: Comparisons of residents in a culturally specific recovery home with residents in non-specific recovery homes. Journal of Ethnic & Cultural Diversity in Social Work. 2001;9(3-4):93–109.
  • Holden KB, Xanthos C. Disadvantages in mental health care among African Americans. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved. 2009;20(2 Suppl):17–23. [PubMed: 19711490]
  • Holden KB, McGregor BS, Blanks SH, Mahaffey C. Psychosocial, socio-cultural, and environmental influences on mental health help-seeking among African-American men. Journal of Men's Health. 2012;9(2):63–69. [PMC free article: PMC3418821] [PubMed: 22905076]
  • Horton J, Compton W, Cottler LB. Reliability of substance use disorder diagnoses among African-Americans and Caucasians. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2000;57:203–209. [PubMed: 10661671]
  • Hovey JD. Migrant Health Issues: Mental Health and Substance Abuse. Buda, TX: National Center for Farmworker Health; 2001. (Monograph Series).
  • Howard DL. Are the treatment goals of culturally competent outpatient substance abuse treatment units congruent with their client profile? Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 2003;24(2):103–113. [PubMed: 12745027]
  • Howard MO, Walker RD, Suchinsky RT, Anderson B. Substance-use and psychiatric disorders among American Indian veterans. Substance Use & Misuse. 1996;31(5):581–598. [PubMed: 8777740]
  • Howland J, Rohsenow DJ. Risks of energy drinks mixed with alcohol. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. 2013;309(3):245–246. [PubMed: 23330172]
  • Hser YI, Maglione M, Polinsky ML, Anglin MD. Predicting drug treatment entry among treatment-seeking individuals. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 1998;15(3):213–220. [PubMed: 9633033]
  • Hsu LKG, Folstein MF. Somatoform disorders in Caucasian and Chinese Americans. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 1997;185(6):382–387. [PubMed: 9205424]
  • Hu HM, Kline A, Huang FY, Ziedonis DM. Detection of co-occurring mental illness among adult patients in the New Jersey substance abuse treatment system. American Journal of Public Health. 2006;96(10):1785–1793. [PMC free article: PMC1586138] [PubMed: 17008574]
  • Hudak J. Addiction and groups of European origin. In: Krestan JA, editor. Bridges to Recovery: Addiction, Family Therapy, and Multicultural Treatment. New York: Free Press; 2000. pp. 284–315.
  • Hughes DL. Quality of Health Care for Asian Americans: A Fact Sheet. New York: The Common-wealth Fund; 2002.
  • Humes KR, Jones NA, Ramirez RR. Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin: 2010. Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau; 2011. Census 2010 Brief.
  • Humeniuk R, Henry-Edwards S, Ali R, Poznyak V, Monteiro MG. The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST): Manual for Use in Primary Care. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2010.
  • Hunt D, Kuck S, Truitt L. Methamphetamine Use: Lessons Learned. Rockville, MD: National Institute of Justice/NCJRS; 2006.
  • Imel ZE, Baldwin S, Atkins DC, Owen J, Baardseth T, Wampold BE. Racial/ethnic disparities in therapist effectiveness: A conceptualization and initial study of cultural competence. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 2011;58(3):290–298. [PubMed: 21534654]
  • Interian A, Martinez I, Rios LI, Krejci J, Guarnaccia PJ. Adaptation of a motivational interviewing intervention to improve antidepressant adherence among Latinos. Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology. 2010;16(2):215–225. [PMC free article: PMC2864952] [PubMed: 20438160]
  • Ishikawa RZ, Cardemil EV, Falmagne RJ. Help seeking and help receiving for emotional distress among Latino men and women. Qualitative Health Research. 2010;20(11):1558–1572. [PubMed: 20448272]
  • Issitt ML. Hippies: A Guide to an American Subculture. Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood Press/ABC-CLIO; 2009.
  • Iversen LL. The Science of Marijuana. New York: Oxford University Press; 2000.
  • Iwamasa GY, Hsia C, Hinton D. Cognitive behavior therapy with Asian Americans. In: Hays PA, Iwamasa G, editors. Culturally Responsive Cognitive–Behavioral Therapy: Assessment, Practice, and Supervision. 1st ed. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2006.
  • Ja DY, Aoki B. Substance abuse treatment: Cultural barriers in the Asian American community. In: Organista PB, Chun KM, Marin G, editors. Readings in Ethnic Psychology. New York: Routledge; 1998. pp. 386–401.
  • Ja D, Yuen FK. Substance abuse treatment among Asian Americans. In: Lee E, editor. Working with Asian Americans: A Guide for Clinicians. New York: Guilford Press; 1997. pp. 295–308.
  • Jackson V. In Our Own Voice: African-American Stories of Oppression, Survival and Recovery in Mental Health Systems. Rockville, MD: Center for Mental Health Studies; 2003. (Part 3 of the “It's About Time: Discovering, Recovering and Celebrating Psychiatric Consumer/Survivor History” series)
  • Jani JS, Ortiz L, Aranda MP. Latino outcome studies in social work: A review of the literature. Research on Social Work Practice. 2009;19(2):179–194.
  • Jenkot R. Cooks are like gods: Hierarchies in methamphetamine-producing groups. Deviant Behavior. 2008;29:667–689.
  • Jilek WG. Traditional healing in the prevention and treatment of alcohol and drug abuse. Transcultural Psychiatric Research Review. 1994;31(3):219–258.
  • Joe JR, Malach RS. Families with American Indian roots. In: Lynch EW, Hanson MJ, editors. Developing Cross-Cultural Competence: A Guide for Working With Children and Their Families. 4th ed. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing; 2011. pp. 110–139.
  • Joe S, Baser RE, Breeden G, Neighbors HW, Jackson JS. Prevalence of and risk factors for lifetime suicide attempts among Blacks in the United States. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. 2006;296(17):2112–2123. [PMC free article: PMC2718696] [PubMed: 17077376]
  • Joe S, Woolley ME, Brown GK, Ghahramanlou-Holloway M, Beck AT. Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory-II in low-income, African American suicide attempters. Journal of Personality Assessment. 2008;90:521–523. [PMC free article: PMC2729713] [PubMed: 18704812]
  • Johnson JE, Connolly Gibbons MB, Crits-Christoph P. Gender, race, and group behavior in group drug treatment. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2011;119(3):e39–e45. [PMC free article: PMC3178731] [PubMed: 21689897]
  • Johnson PB, Glassman M. The moderating effects of gender and ethnicity on the relationship between effect expectancies and alcohol problems. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 1999;60(1):64–69. [PubMed: 10096310]
  • Johnson RC, Nagoshi CT. Asians, Asian-Americans and Alcohol. Medford, OR: CNS Productions; 2012.
  • Johnston LD, O'Malley PM, Bachman JG, Schulenberg JE. Monitoring the Future: National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2003. Volume I: Secondary School Students. Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse; 2003. NIH Publication No. 04-5507.
  • Johnston SL. Native American traditional and alternative medicine. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 2002;583(1):195–213.
  • Jome LM, Moody MJ. How to develop cultural competence as a White clinician. In: VandeCreek L, Jackson TL, editors. Innovations in Clinical Practice: A Source Book. Vol. 20. Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Press/Professional Resource Exchange; 2002. pp. 355–371.
  • Jones L, Brazel D, Peskind ER, Morelli T, Raskind MA. Group therapy program for African-American veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychiatric Services. 2000;51(9):1177–1179. [PubMed: 10970924]
  • Jones-Saumty D. Substance abuse treatment for Native Americans. In: Xueqin Ma G, Henderson G, editors. Ethnicity and Substance Abuse: Prevention and Intervention. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher; 2002. pp. 270–283.
  • Jones-Webb RJ, Hsiao CY, Hannan P. Relationships between socioeconomic status and drinking problems among black and white men. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 1995;19(3):623–627. [PubMed: 7573784]
  • Journey Mental Health Center. Celebrating Fifty-Five Years: Vision & Values. Madison, WI: Journey Mental Health Center; 2004.
  • Journey Mental Health Center. Values for Culturally Competent Services. Madison, WI: Journey Mental Health Center; 2013.
  • Juang LP, Syed M, Cookston JT, Wang Y, Kim SY. Acculturation-based and everyday family conflict in Chinese American families. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development. 2012;2012(135):13–34. [PMC free article: PMC4777626] [PubMed: 22407880]
  • Jumper-Thurman P, Plested B. Health Needs of American Indian Women. Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse; 1998.
  • Jumper-Thurman P, Plested BA, Edwards RW, Helm HM, Oetting ER. Using the Community Readiness Model in Native communities. In: Trimble JE, Beauvais F, Epstein LG, Pacheco G, Johnson S, editors. Health Promotion and Substance Abuse Prevention Among American Indian and Alaska Native Communities: Issues in Cultural Competence. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse Mental Health Services Administration; 2001. pp. 129–158. (Cultural Competence Series No. 9). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 99-3440.
  • Kaczorowski JA, Williams AS, Smith TF, Fallah N, Mendez JL, Nelson-Gray R. Adapting clinical services to accommodate needs of refugee populations. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice. 2011;42(5):361–367.
  • Kagan H, Shafer KC. Russian-speaking substance abusers in transition: New country, old problems. In: Straussner SLA, editor. Ethnocultural Factors in Substance Abuse Treatment. New York: Guilford Press; 2001. pp. 250–271.
  • Karberg JC, James DJ. Substance Dependence, Abuse, and Treatment of Jail Inmates, 2002. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice; 2005. Bureau of Justice Statistics: Special Report.
  • Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Zemore SE. Associations between acculturation and alcohol consumption of Latino men in the United States. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 2009;70(1):27–31. [PMC free article: PMC2629622] [PubMed: 19118388]
  • Kaskutas LA, Weisner C, Lee M, Humphreys K. Alcoholics anonymous affiliation at treatment intake among White and Black Americans. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 1999;60(6):810–816. [PubMed: 10606493]
  • Keller DS, Galanter M. Technology transfer of network therapy to community-based addictions counselors. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 1999;16(2):183–189. [PubMed: 10023618]
  • Kelly BC, Parsons JT. Predictors and comparisons of polydrug and non-polydrug cocaine use in club subcultures. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 2008;34(6):774–781. [PMC free article: PMC2693221] [PubMed: 19016183]
  • Kerr WC. Categorizing US state drinking practices and consumption trends. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2010;7(1):269–283. [PMC free article: PMC2819787] [PubMed: 20195444]
  • Kim BL, Ryu E. Ethnicity and Family Therapy. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2005. Korean families; pp. 349–362.
  • Kim EY, Bean RA, Harper JM. Do general treatment guidelines for Asian American families have applications to specific ethnic groups? The case of culturally-competent therapy with Korean Americans. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy. 2004;30(3):359–372. [PubMed: 15293653]
  • Kim SC. Family therapy for Asian Americans: A strategic-structural framework. Psychotherapy. 1985;22(2):342–348.
  • Kim YA, Morales KH, Bogner HR. Patient ethnicity and the identification of anxiety in elderly primary care patients. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2008;56:1626–1630. [PMC free article: PMC2740977] [PubMed: 18691274]
  • Kingree JB. Measuring affiliation with 12-Step groups. Substance Use & Misuse. 1997;32(2):181–194. [PubMed: 9044546]
  • Kingree JB, Sullivan BF. Participation in Alcoholics Anonymous among African-Americans. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly. 2002;20(3/4):175–186.
  • Klonoff EA, Landrine H. Revising and improving the African American acculturation scale. Journal of Black Psychology. 2000;26(2):235–261.
  • Knutagard H. New trends in European youth & drug cultures. Youth Studies Australia. 1996;15(2):37–42.
  • Koltko-Rivera ME. The psychology of worldviews. Review of General Psychology. 2004;8(1):3–58.
  • Kopelowicz A, Zarate R, Wallace CJ, Liberman RP, Lopez SR, Mintz J. The ability of multifamily groups to improve treatment adherence in Mexican Americans with schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2012;69(3):265–273. [PubMed: 22393219]
  • Kosmin BA, Keysar A. American Religious Identification Survey (ARIS 2008) Summary Report. Hartford, CT: Trinity College; 2009.
  • Kosmin BA, Mayer E, Keysar A. American Religious Identification Survey. New York: The Graduate Center of the City University of New York; 2001.
  • Koss MP, Yuan NP, Dightman D, Prince RJ, Polacca M, Sanderson B, Goldman D. Adverse childhood exposures and alcohol dependence among seven Native American tribes. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2003;25(3):238–244. [PubMed: 14507531]
  • Kotarba JA. Music as a feature of the online discussion of illegal drugs. In: Murguâia E, Tackett-Gibson M, Lessem A, editors. Real Drugs in a Virtual World: Drug Discourse and Community Online. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books; 2007. pp. 161–179.
  • Krenz S, Dieckmann S, Favrat B, Spagnoli J, Leutwyler Jl, Schnyder C, Daeppen JB, Besson J. French version of the Addiction Severity Index (5th Edition): Validity and reliability among Swiss opiate-dependent patients. European Addiction Research. 2004;10:173–179. [PubMed: 15367819]
  • Kress VEW, Eriksen KP, Rayle AD, Ford SJW. The DSM-IV-TR and culture: Considerations for counselors. Journal of Counseling & Development. 2005;83(1):97–104.
  • Kunitz SJ, Levy JE, Andrews T, DuPuy C, Gabriel KR, Russell S. Drinking Careers: A Twenty-Five-Year Study of Three Navajo Populations. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press; 1994.
  • Kuntsche S, Gmel G, Knibbe RA, Kuendig H, Bloomfield K, Kramer S, Grittner U. Gender and cultural differences in the association between family roles, social stratification, and alcohol use: A European cross-cultural analysis. Alcohol and Alcoholism. Supplement. 2006;41(1):i37–i46. [PubMed: 17030502]
  • Kuramoto FH. Drug abuse prevention research concerns in Asian and Pacific Islander populations. In: Cazares A, Beatty LA, editors. Scientific Methods for Prevention Intervention Research. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 1994. pp. 249–272. NIDA Research Monograph 139.
  • Kurtz SP. Postcircuit blues: Motivations and consequences of crystal meth use among gay men in Miami. AIDS and Behavior. 2005;9(1):63–72. [PubMed: 15812614]
  • Kusnir D. Ethnicity and Family Therapy. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2005. Salvadoran families; pp. 256–265.
  • Kwan KLK, Sodowsky GR. Internal and external ethnic identity and their correlates: A study of Chinese American immigrants. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development. 1997;25:51–57.
  • Kwon-Ahn YH. Substance abuse among Korean Americans: A sociocultural perspective and framework for intervention. In: Straussner SLA, editor. Ethnocultural Factors in Substance Abuse Treatment. New York: Guilford Press; 2001. pp. 418–435.
  • LaFromboise T. American Indian mental health policy. In: Atkinson DR, Morten G, Sue DW, editors. Counseling American Minorities: A Cross-Cultural Perspective. Madison, WI: Brown and Benchmark; 1993. pp. 123–143.
  • LaFromboise T, Coleman HLK, Gerton J. Psychological impact of biculturalism: Evidence and theory. Psychological Bulletin. 1993;114(3):395–412. [PubMed: 8272463]
  • Lai TFM. Ethnocultural background and substance abuse treatment of Chinese Americans. In: Straussner SLA, editor. Ethnocultural Factors in Substance Abuse Treatment. New York: The Guilford Press; 2001. pp. 345–367.
  • Lamont M, Small ML. How culture matters: Enriching our understanding of poverty. In: Lin AC, Harris DR, editors. The Colors of Poverty: Why Racial and Ethnic Disparities Exist. New York: Russell Sage Foundation; 2008. pp. 76–102.
  • Larkin R. African-Americans in public housing: a traditional social work approach to substance abuse treatment. Journal of Health and Social Policy. 2003;17(2):67–82. [PubMed: 18309587]
  • Larrison CR, Schoppelrey SL, Hack-Ritzo S, Korr WS. Clinician factors related to outcome differences between black and white patients at CMHCs. Psychiatric Services. 2011;62(5):525–531. [PMC free article: PMC3281556] [PubMed: 21532079]
  • Larsen LJ. The Foreign-Born Population in the United States: 2003. Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau; 2004.
  • Laudet AB, Morgen K, White WL. The role of social supports, spirituality, religiousness, life meaning and affiliation with 12-Step fellowships in quality of life satisfaction among individuals in recovery from alcohol and drug problems. Alcohol Treatment Quarterly. 2006;24(1-2):33–73. [PMC free article: PMC1526775] [PubMed: 16892161]
  • Laudet AB, Savage R, Mahmood D. Pathways to long-term recovery: A preliminary investigation. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 2002;34(3):305–311. [PMC free article: PMC1852519] [PubMed: 12422942]
  • LaVeist TA, Relosa R, Sawaya N. The COA360: A tool for assessing the cultural competency of healthcare organizations. Journal of Healthcare Management. 2008;53(4):257–266. [PubMed: 18720687]
  • Leavitt RL. Cultural Competence: A Lifelong Journey to Cultural Proficiency. Thorofare, NJ: SLACK Inc.; 2010.
  • Le Cook B, Alegria M. Racial-ethnic disparities in substance abuse treatment: The role of criminal history and socioeconomic status. Psychiatric Services. 2011;62(11):1273–1281. [PMC free article: PMC3665009] [PubMed: 22211205]
  • Lecrubier Y, Sheehan DV, Weiller E, Amorim P, Bonora I, Sheehan KH, Janavs J, Dunbar GC. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI): A short diagnostic structured interview: Reliability and validity according to the CIDI. European Psychiatry. 1997;12:224–231.
  • Lee E. Asian American families: An overview. In: McGoldrick M, Giordano J, Pearce JK, editors. Ethnicity and Family Therapy. 2nd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 1996. pp. 227–248.
  • Lee E, Mock MR. Asian families: An overview. In: McGoldrick M, Giordano J, Garcia-Preto N, editors. Ethnicity and Family Therapy. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2005. pp. 269–289.
  • Lee E, Mock MR. Chinese families. In: McGoldrick M, Giordano J, Garcia-Preto N, editors. Ethnicity and Family Therapy. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2005. pp. 302–318.
  • Lee J, Bean FD. America's changing color lines: Immigration, race/ethnicity, and multiracial identification. Annual Review of Sociology. 2004;30(1):221–242.
  • Lefley HP, Sandoval MC, Charles C. Traditional healing systems in a multicultural setting. In: Okpaku SO, editor. Clinical Methods in Transcultural Psychiatry. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1998. pp. 88–110.
  • Lende DH. Wanting and drug use: A biocultural approach to the analysis of addiction. ETHOS. 2005;33(1):100–124.
  • Leong FTL, Lee SH. Chinese Americans: Guidelines for disaster mental health workers. In: Marsella AJ, Johnson JL, Watson P, Gryczynski J, editors. Ethnocultural Perspectives on Disaster and Trauma: Foundations, Issues, and Applications. New York: Springer Science + Business Media; 2008. pp. 241–269.
  • Leonhard C, Mulvey K, Gastfriend DR, Shwartz M. The Addiction Severity Index: A field study of internal consistency and validity. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 2000;18:129–135. [PubMed: 10716096]
  • Leung SF, Arthur D. Alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT): Validation of an instrument for enhancing nursing practice in Hong Kong. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2000;37:57–64. [PubMed: 10687810]
  • Leventhal AM, Schmitz JM. The role of drug use outcome expectancies in substance abuse risk: An interactional-transformational model. Addictive Behavior. 2006;31(11):2038–2062. [PubMed: 16616433]
  • Lewis EW, Duran E, Woodis W. Psychotherapy in the American Indian population. Psychiatric Annals. 1999;29(8):477–479.
  • Liang T, Liu EW, Zhong H, Wang B, Shen LM, Wu ZL. Reliability and validity of addiction severity index in drug users with methadone maintenance treatment in Guizhou province, China. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences. 2008;21:308–313. [PubMed: 18837294]
  • Libby AM, Orton HD, Beals J, Buchwald D, Manson SM. Childhood abuse and later parenting outcomes in two American Indian tribes. Child Abuse & Neglect. 2008;32(2):195–211. [PMC free article: PMC4530963] [PubMed: 18304630]
  • Liddle HA. Multidimensional family therapy: A science-based treatment system. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy. 2010;31(2):133–148.
  • Liddle HA, Dakof GA, Turner RM, Henderson CE, Greenbaum PE. Treating adolescent drug abuse: A randomized trial comparing multidimensional family therapy and cognitive behavior therapy. Addiction. 2008;103(10):1660–1670. [PubMed: 18705691]
  • Lie DA, Lee-Rey E, Gomez A, Bereknyei S, Braddock CH 3rd. Does cultural competency training of health professionals improve patient outcomes? A systematic review and proposed algorithm for future research. Journal of General Internal Medicine. 2011;26(3):317–325. [PMC free article: PMC3043186] [PubMed: 20953728]
  • Lie D, Shapiro J, Cohn F, Najm W. Reflective practice enriches clerkship students' cross-cultural experiences. Journal of General Internal Medicine. 2010;25(Suppl 2):S119–S125. [PMC free article: PMC2847102] [PubMed: 20352505]
  • Lima CT, Freire AC, Silva AP, Teixeira RM, Farrell M, Prince M. Concurrent and construct validity of the audit in an urban Brazilian sample. Alcohol and Alcoholism. 2005;40:584–589. [PubMed: 16143704]
  • Lin N. Measuring depressive symptomatology in China. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 1989;177:121–131. [PubMed: 2918295]
  • Link BG, Struening EL, Rahav M, Phelan JC, Nuttbrock L. On stigma and its consequences: Evidence from a longitudinal study on men and dual diagnosis of mental illness and substance abuse. Journal of Health and Social Behavior. 1997;38(2):177–190. [PubMed: 9212538]
  • Linkins KW, McIntosh S, Bell J, Chong U. Indicators of Cultural Competence in Health Care Delivery Organizations: An Organizational Cultural Competence Assessment Profile. Health Resources and Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2002.
  • Litt MD, Kadden RM, Cooney NL, Kabela E. Coping skills and treatment outcomes in cognitive–behavioral and interactional group therapy for alcoholism. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 2003;71(1):118–128. [PubMed: 12602432]
  • Litt MD, Kadden RM, Stephens RS. Coping and self-efficacy in marijuana treatment: Results from the marijuana treatment project. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 2005;73(6):1015–1025. [PubMed: 16392975]
  • Livingston JD, Milne T, Fang ML, Amari E. The effectiveness of interventions for reducing stigma related to substance use disorders: A systematic review. Addiction. 2012;107(1):39–50. [PMC free article: PMC3272222] [PubMed: 21815959]
  • Lobo S. American Indian Urban Mobility in the San Francisco Bay Area: Final Report for Bureau of the Census. Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau; 2001.
  • Lobo S. Urban clan mothers: Key households in cities. American Indian Quarterly. 2003;27(3/4):305–322.
  • Long JM. Drug use patterns in two Los Angeles barrio gangs. In: Glick R, Moore J, editors. Drugs in Hispanic Communities. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press; 1990. pp. 155–165.
  • Longshore D. Desire for help among drug-using Mexican-American arrestees. Substance Use & Misuse. 1998;33(6):1387–1406. [PubMed: 9603277]
  • Longshore D, Grills C. Motivating illegal drug use recovery: Evidence for a culturally congruent intervention. Journal of Black Psychology. 2000;26(3):288–301.
  • Longshore D, Grills C, Anglin MD, Annon K. Treatment motivation among African American drug-using arrestees. Journal of Black Psychology. 1998;24(2):126–144.
  • Longshore D, Grills C, Annon K. Effects of a culturally congruent intervention on cognitive factors related to drug use-recovery. Substance Use & Misuse. 1999;34(9):1223–1241. [PubMed: 10419221]
  • Longshore D, Grills C, Annon K, Grady R. Promoting recovery from drug abuse: An Africentric intervention. Journal of Black Studies. 1998;28(3):319–332.
  • Lopez-Class M, Castro FG, Ramirez AG. Conceptions of acculturation: A review and statement of critical issues. Social Science and Medicine. 2011;72(9):1555–1562. [PubMed: 21489670]
  • Lynch EW, Hanson MJ. Steps in the right direction: Implications for service providers. In: Lynch EW, Hanson MJ, editors. Developing Cross-Cultural Competence: A Guide for Working With Children and Their Families. 4th ed. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing; 2011. pp. 472–489.
  • Mail PD, Shelton C. Treating Indian alcoholics. In: Mail PD, Heurtin-Roberts S, Martin SE, Howard J, editors. Alcohol Use Among American Indians and Alaska Natives: Multiple Perspectives on a Complex Problem. Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; 2002. pp. 141–184. NIH Pub. No. 02-4231. NIAAA Research Monograph 37.
  • Maisto SA, Zywiak WH, Connors GJ. Course of functioning 1 year following admission for treatment of alcohol use disorders. Addictive Behaviors. 2006;31(1):69–79. [PubMed: 15919159]
  • Makambi KH, Williams CD, Taylor TR, Rosenberg L, Adams-Campbell LL. An assessment of the CES-D scale factor structure in Black women: The Black Women's Health Study. Psychiatry Research. 2009;168:163–170. [PMC free article: PMC2704501] [PubMed: 19501414]
  • Makimoto K. Drinking patterns and drinking problems among Asian-Americans and Pacific Islanders. Alcohol Health and Research World. 1998;22(4):270–275. [PMC free article: PMC6761891] [PubMed: 15706754]
  • Manning P. Drugs and Popular Culture: Drugs, Media and Identity in Contemporary Society. Devon, United Kingdom: Willan Publishing; 2007.
  • Manson SM. The wounded spirit: A cultural formulation of post-traumatic stress disorder. Culture, Medicine & Psychiatry. 1996;20(4):489–498. [PubMed: 8989988]
  • Manson SM, Beals J, Klein SA, Croy CD, American Indian Service Utilization Psychiatric Epidemiology Risk and Protective Factors Project Team. Big Crow CK, Buchwald D, Chambers B, Christensen ML, Dillard DA, DuBray K, Espinoza PA, Fleming CM, Frederick AW, Gurley D, Jervis LL, Jim SM, Kaufman CE, Keane EM, Klein SA, Lee D, McNulty MC, Middlebrook DL, Moore LA, Nez TD, Norton IM, Orton HD, Randall CJ, Sam A, Shore JH, Simpson SG, Yazzie LL. Social epidemiology of trauma among 2 American Indian reservation populations. American Journal of Public Health. 2005;95(5):851–859. [PMC free article: PMC1449268] [PubMed: 15855465]
  • Marin G. Expectancies for drinking and excessive drinking among Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic Whites. In: Organista PB, Chun KM, Marin G, editors. Readings in Ethnic Psychology. New York: Routledge; 1998. pp. 204–221.
  • Marin G, Gamba RJ. A new measurement of acculturation for Hispanics: The bidimensional acculturation scale for Hispanics (BAS). Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences. 1996;18:297–317.
  • Marin G, Sabogal F, Marin BV, Otero-Sabogal R, Perez-Stable EJ. Development of a short acculturation scale for Hispanics. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences. 1987;9:183–205.
  • Marinangeli P. Italian culture and its impact on addiction. In: Straussner SLA, editor. Ethnocultural Factors in Substance Abuse Treatment. New York: Guilford Press; 2001. pp. 216–233.
  • Markides KS, Al Snih S, Walsh T, Cutchin M, Ju H, Goodwin JS. Problem drinking among Mexican-Americans: The influence of nativity and neighborhood context? American Journal of Health Promotion. 2012;26:225–229. [PMC free article: PMC3856664] [PubMed: 22375572]
  • Markides KS, Ray LA, Stroup-Benham CA, Trevino FM. Acculturation and alcohol consumption in the Mexican American population of the southwestern United States: Findings from HHANES 1982-84. American Journal of Public Health. 1990;80(Supplement):42–46. [PMC free article: PMC1404517] [PubMed: 9187581]
  • Marsh JC, Cao D, Guerrero E, Shin HC. Need-service matching in substance abuse treatment: Racial/ethnic differences. Evaluation and Program Planning. 2009;32(1):43–51. [PMC free article: PMC2975433] [PubMed: 19019434]
  • Martin MA. Ethnobotanical aspects of cannabis in Southeast Asia. In: Rubin V, editor. Cannabis and Culture. Paris: Mouton, Publishers; 1975. pp. 63–76.
  • Martinez C. Hispanic psychiatric issues. In: Wilkinson CB, editor. Ethnic Psychiatry. New York: Plenum; 1986. pp. 61–87.
  • Martinez LC. DSM-IV-TR cultural formulation of psychiatric cases: Two proposals for clinicians. Transcultural Psychiatry. 2009;46:506–523. [PubMed: 19837784]
  • Martinez S, Stillerman L, Waldo M. Reliability and validity of the SCL-90-R with Hispanic college students. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences. 2005;27:254–264.
  • Masson CL, Shopshire MS, Sen S, Hoffman KA, Hengl NS, Bar tolome J, McCarty D, Sorensen JL, Iguchi MY. Possible barriers to enrollment in substance abuse treatment among a diverse sample of Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders: Opinions of treatment clients. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 2013;44(3):309–315. [PMC free article: PMC3545039] [PubMed: 22985677]
  • Mateu-Gelabert P, Maslow C, Flom PL, Sandoval M, Bolyard M, Friedman SR. Keeping it together: Stigma response, and perception of risk in relationships between drug injectors and crack smokers, and other community residents. AIDS Care. 2005;17(7):802–813. [PubMed: 16120497]
  • Mather M, Pollard K, Jacobsen LA. First Results From the 2010 Census. Washington, DC: Population Reference Bureau; 2011.
  • Matsuoka JK, Breaux C, Ryujin DH. National utilization of mental health services by Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders. Journal of Community Psychology. 1997;25(2):141–145.
  • Maude-Griffin PM, Hohenstein JM, Humfleet GL, Reilly PM, Tusel DJ, Hall SM. Superior efficacy of cognitive–behavioral therapy for urban crack cocaine abusers: Main and matching effects. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 1998;66(5):832–837. [PubMed: 9803702]
  • May PA, Gossage P. New data on the epidemiology of adult drinking and substance use among American Indians of the Northern States: Male and female data on prevalence, patterns, and consequences. American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research. 2001;10(2):1–26. [PubMed: 11698981]
  • May PA, Serna P, Hurt L, DeBruyn LM. Outcome evaluation of a public health approach to suicide prevention in an American Indian tribal nation. American Journal of Public Health. 2005;95(7):1238–1244. [PMC free article: PMC1380310] [PubMed: 15933239]
  • Mayfield D, McLeod G, Hall P. The CAGE questionnaire: Validation of a new alcoholism screening instrument. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1974;131:1121–1123. [PubMed: 4416585]
  • Mays VM, Yancey AK, Cochran SD, Weber M, Fielding JE. Heterogeneity of health disparities among African American, Hispanic, and Asian American women: Unrecognized influences of sexual orientation. American Journal of Public Health. 2002;92(4):632–639. [PMC free article: PMC1447129] [PubMed: 11919064]
  • McCaul ME, Svikis DS, Moore RD. Predictors of outpatient treatment retention: Patient versus substance use characteristics. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2001;62(1):9–17. [PubMed: 11173163]
  • McCoy K, McGuire J, Curtis R, Spunt B. White chicks on dope: Heroin and identity dynamics in New York in the 1990's. Journal of Drug Issues. 2005;35(4):817–842.
  • McCrady BS, Epstein EE, Kahler CW. Alcoholics Anonymous and relapse prevention as maintenance strategies after conjoint behavioral alcohol treatment for men: 18-month outcomes. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 2004;72(5):870–878. [PubMed: 15482044]
  • McDonald JD, Gonzales J. Cognitive behavior therapy with American Indians. In: Hays PA, Iwamasa G, editors. Culturally Responsive Cognitive–Behavioral Therapy: Assessment, Practice, and Supervision. 1st ed. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2006. pp. 23–45.
  • McFarland BH, Gabriel RM, Bigelow DA, Walker RD. Organization and financing of alcohol and substance abuse programs for American Indians and Alaska Natives. American Journal of Public Health. 2006;96(8):1469–1477. [PMC free article: PMC1522117] [PubMed: 16809606]
  • McGill DW, Pearce JK. American families with English ancestors from the colonial era: Anglo Americans. In: McGoldrick M, Giordano J, Garcia-Preto N, editors. Ethnicity and Family Therapy. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2005. pp. 520–533.
  • McGoldrick M. Normal families: An ethnic perspective. In: Walsh F, editor. Normal Family Processes. New York: Guilford Press; 1982. pp. 399–424.
  • McGoldrick M, Giordano J, Garcia-Preto N. Overview: Ethnicity and family therapy. In: McGoldrick M, Giordano J, Garcia-Preto N, editors. Ethnicity and Family Therapy. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2005. pp. 1–40.
  • McGrath J, Saha S, Welham J, Saadi OE, MacCauley C, Chant D. A systematic review of the incidence of schizophrenia: The distribution of rates and the influence of sex, urbanicity, migrant status and methodology. BMC Medicine. 2004;2:13. [PMC free article: PMC421751] [PubMed: 15115547]
  • McIntosh J, McKeganey N. The recovery from dependent drug use: Addicts' strategies for reducing the risk of relapse. Drugs: Education, Prevention & Policy. 2000;7(2):179–192.
  • McKee-Ryan F, Song Z, Wanberg CR, Kinicki AJ. Psychological and physical well-being during unemployment: A meta-analytic study. Journal of Applied Psychology. 2005;90(1):53–76. [PubMed: 15641890]
  • McKim WA. Drugs and Behavior: An Introduction to Behavioral Pharmacology. 5th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall; 2003.
  • McKinney CM, Chartier KG, Caetano R, Harris TR. Alcohol availability and neighborhood poverty and their relationship to binge drinking and related problems among drinkers in committed relationships. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 2012;27(13):2703–2727. [PMC free article: PMC3434692] [PubMed: 22890980]
  • McLaughlin LA, Braun KL. Asian and Pacific Islander cultural values: Considerations for health care decision making. Health and Social Work. 1998;23(2):116–126. [PubMed: 9598394]
  • McLellan AT, Luborsky L, Cacciola J, Griffith J, Evans F, Barr HL, O'Brien CP. New data from the Addiction Severity Index: Reliability and validity in three centers. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 1985;173:412–423. [PubMed: 4009158]
  • McLellan AT, Luborsky L, Woody GE, O'Brien CP. An improved diagnostic evaluation instrument for substance abuse patients: The Addiction Severity Index. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 1980;168:26–33. [PubMed: 7351540]
  • McNulty JL, Forbey JD, Graham JR, Ben-Porath YS, Black MS, Anderson SV, Burlew AK. MMPI-2 validity scale characteristics in a correctional sample. Assessment. 2003;10:288–298. [PubMed: 14503652]
  • Medina C. Toward an understanding of Puerto Rican ethnicity and substance abuse. In: Straussner SLA, editor. Ethnocultural Factors in Substance Abuse Treatment. New York: Guilford Press; 2001. pp. 137–163.
  • Medina-Mora E, Carreno S, de la Fuente JR. Experience with the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT) in Mexico. Recent Developments in Alcoholism. 1998;14:383–396. [PubMed: 9751955]
  • Mendoza RH. An empirical scale to measure type and degree of acculturation in Mexican-American adolescents and adults. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 1989;20:372–385. (1989)
  • Mericle AA, Ta Park VM, Holck P, Arria AM. Prevalence, patterns, and correlates of co-occurring substance use and mental disorders in the United States: Variations by race/ethnicity. Comprehensive Psychiatry. 2012;53(6):657–665. [PMC free article: PMC3327759] [PubMed: 22152496]
  • Meyer OL, Dhindsa M, Zane N. Psychology of Asian American adults: Challenges and strengths. In: Chang EC, editor. Handbook of Race and Development in Mental Health. New York: Springer Science + Business Media; 2012. pp. 169–187.
  • Mezzich JE, Caracci G, editors. Cultural Formulation: A Reader for Psychiatric Diagnosis. Lanham, MD: Jason Aronson, Inc.; 2008.
  • Mezzich JE, Caracci G, Fabrega H Jr., Kirmayer LJ. Cultural formulation guidelines. Transcultural Psychiatry. 2009;46(3):383–405. [PubMed: 19837778]
  • Miller KA, Stanley LR, Beauvais F. Regional differences in drug use rates among American Indian youth. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2012;126:35–41. [PMC free article: PMC3432685] [PubMed: 22575603]
  • Miller R, Mason SE. Diagnosis: Schizophrenia: A Comprehensive Resource for Consumers, Families, and Helping Professionals. 2nd ed. New York: Columbia University Press; 2011. (2011)
  • Miller WR, Hendrickson SML, Venner K, Bisono A, Daugherty M, Yahne CE. Cross-cultural training in motivational interviewing. Journal of Teaching in the Addictions. 2008;7(1):4–15.
  • Miller WR, Rollnick S. Motivational Interviewing: Preparing People for Change. 2nd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2002.
  • Miller WR, Rollnick S. Motivational Interviewing: Helping People Change. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2013.
  • Milligan CO, Nich C, Carroll KM. Ethnic differences in substance abuse treatment retention, compliance, and outcome from two clinical trials. Psychiatric Service. 2004;55:167–173. (2004) [PMC free article: PMC3666311] [PubMed: 14762242]
  • Millon T, Davis R, Millon C, Grossman S. The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III, Third Edition (MCMI-III) (2009) With New Norms and Updated Scoring. San Antonio, TX: Pearson; 2009.
  • Mills PA. Incorporating Yup'ik and Cup'ik Eskimo traditions into behavioral health treatment. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 2003;35:85–88. [PubMed: 12733763]
  • Minnesota Department of Human Services. Guidelines for Culturally Competent Organizations. St. Paul, MN: Minnesota Department of Human Services; 2004.
  • Minsky S, Vega W, Miskimen T, Gara M, Escobar J. Diagnostic patterns in Latino, African American, and European American psychiatric patients. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2003;60(6):637–644. [PubMed: 12796227]
  • Miranda J, Bernal G, Lau A, Kohn L, Hwang WC, LaFromboise T. State of the science on psychosocial interventions for ethnic minorities. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology. 2005;1(1):113–142. [PMC free article: PMC4470614] [PubMed: 17716084]
  • Miranda J, Siddique J, Belin TR, Kohn-Wood LP. Depression prevalence in disadvantaged young black women: African and Caribbean immigrants compared to U.S.-born African Americans. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. 2005;40(4):253–258. [PubMed: 15834775]
  • Mishra SI, Lucksted A, Gioia D, Barnet B, Baquet CR. Needs and preferences for receiving mental health information in an African American focus group sample. Community Mental Health Journal. 2009;45(2):117–126. [PMC free article: PMC3618894] [PubMed: 18633704]
  • Mitchell CM, Beals J, Novins DK, Spicer P. Drug use among two American Indian populations: Prevalence of lifetime use and DSM-IV substance use disorders. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2003;69:29–41. [PubMed: 12536064]
  • Miville ML, Rosa D, Constantine MG. Strategies for Building Multicultural Competence in Mental Health and Educational Settings. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc; 2005. Building multicultural competence in clinical supervision; pp. 192–211.
  • Mohamed AR, Fritsvold E. Damn, it feels good to be a gangsta: The social organization of the illicit drug trade servicing a private college campus. Deviant Behavior. 2006;27(1):97–125.
  • Mohatt GV, Allen J, Thomas LR. Drug and alcohol abuse in cross-cultural counseling. In: Pedersen PB, Draguns JG, Lonner WJ, Trimble JE, editors. Counseling Across Cultures. 6th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 2008. pp. 395–413.
  • Mohatt GV, Rasmus SM, Thomas L, Allen J, Hazel K, Marlatt GA. Risk, resilience, and natural recovery: A model of recovery from alcohol abuse for Alaska Natives. Addiction. 2008;103(2):205–215. [PubMed: 18042193]
  • Mokuau N. Reality and vision: A cultural perspective in addressing alcohol and drug abuse among Pacific Islanders. In: Mokuau N, Epstein LG, Pacheco G, Quinlan JW, editors. Responding to Pacific Islanders: Culturally Competent Perspectives for Substance Abuse Prevention. Rockville, MD: Center for Substance Abuse Prevention; 1998. pp. 25–47. (CSAP Cultural Competence Series 8). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 98-3195.
  • Mokuau N, Tauili'ili P. Families with Native Hawaiian and Samoan roots. In: Lynch EW, Hanson MJ, editors. Developing Cross-Cultural Competence: A Guide for Working with Children and Their Families. 4th ed. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing; 2011. pp. 365–391.
  • Molina MAN. Community healing among Puerto Ricans: Espiritismo as a therapy for the soul. In: Olmos MF, Paravisini-Gebert L, editors. Healing Cultures: Art and Religion as Curative Practices in the Caribbean and Its Diaspora. New York: Palgrave; 2001. pp. 115–130.
  • Monnot MJ, Quirk SW, Hoerger M, Brewer L. Racial bias in personality assessment: using the MMPI-2 to predict psychiatric diagnoses of African American and Caucasian chemical dependency inpatients. Psychological Assessment. 2009;21:137–151. [PubMed: 19485669]
  • Montgomery GT. Comfort with acculturation status among students from south Texas. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences. 1992;14:201–223.
  • Montgomery L, Burlew AK, Kosinski AS, Forcehimes AA. Motivational enhancement therapy for African American substance users: A randomized clinical trial. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology. 2011;17(4):357–365. [PMC free article: PMC3422370] [PubMed: 21988576]
  • Moos RH. Addictive disorders in context: Principles and puzzles of effective treatment and recovery. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors. 2003;17(1):3–12. [PubMed: 12665076]
  • Moos RH, Moos BS. Rates and predictors of relapse after natural and treated remission from alcohol use disorders. Addiction. 2006;101(2):212–222. [PMC free article: PMC1976118] [PubMed: 16445550]
  • Mora J. Latinas in cultural transition: Addiction, treatment and recovery. In: Straussner SLA, Brown S, editors. The Handbook of Addiction Treatment for Women: Theory and Practice. San Francisco: Jossey Bass; 2002. pp. 323–347.
  • Morales R. Alcohol Abuse and the Asian American; Presentation at the NIDA National Conference on Drug Abuse Research and Practice; January 21, 1991; Washington, DC. 1991.
  • Morelli PT, Fong R. The role of Hawaiian elders in substance abuse treatment among Asian/Pacific Island women. Journal of Family Social Work. 2000;4(4):33–44.
  • Morgan P, Beck JE. The legacy and the paradox: Hidden contexts of methamphetamine use in the United States. In: Klee H, editor. Amphetamine Misuse: International Perspectives on Current Trends. The Netherlands: Harwood Academic Publishers; 1997. pp. 135–162.
  • Morning Star L. Chronic Volatile Substance Abuse Among the Adult Kickapoo Traditional Tribe of Texas: Disease and Disability Profiles, Neuropsychosocial Consequences, and Social Implications for Treatment [Doctoral dissertation]. Houston, TX: The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston School of Public Health; 2005.
  • Moshier SJ, McHugh RK, Calkins AW, Hearon BA, Rosellini AJ, Weitzman ML, Otto MW. The role of perceived belongingness to a drug subculture among opioid-dependent patients. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors. 2012;6(4):812–820. [PMC free article: PMC5951384] [PubMed: 22732052]
  • Moss RK, Taylor T, May PA. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Healthy Nations Initiative Evaluation: The Stories and Lessons of Fighting Substance Abuse in Native American Communities. Anchorage, AK: Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of Alaska, Anchorage; 2003.
  • Mouanoutoua VL, Brown LG, Cappelletty GG, Levine RV. A Hmong adaptation of the Beck Depression Inventory. Journal of Personality Assessment. 1991;57:309–322. [PubMed: 1955977]
  • Moulton P, McDonald L, Muus K, Knudson A, Wakefield M, Ludtke R. Prevalence of Chronic Disease Among American Indian and Alaska Native Elders. Grand Forks, ND: University of North Dakota, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Center for Rural Health; 2005.
  • Mulia N, Ye Y, Zemore SE, Greenfield TK. Social disadvantage, stress, and alcohol use among Black, Hispanic, and White Americans: Findings from the 2005 U.S. national alcohol survey. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. 2008;69(6):824–833. [PMC free article: PMC2583375] [PubMed: 18925340]
  • Murali V, Oyebode F. Poverty, social inequality and mental health. In: Bhattacharya R, Cross S, Bhugra D, editors. Clinical Topics in Cultural Psychiatry. London: Royal College of Psychiatrists; 2010. pp. 84–99.
  • Murguia A, Zea MC, Reisen CA, Peterson RA. The development of the cultural health attributions questionnaire (CHAQ). Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology. 2000;6(3):268–283. [PubMed: 10938635]
  • Murguia E, Tackett-Gibson M, Willard R. Club drugs, online communities, and harm reduction websites on the internet. In: Murguâia E, Tackett-Gibson M, Lessem A, editors. Real Drugs in a Virtual World: Drug Discourse and Community Online. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books; 2007. pp. 5–22.
  • Murray CJ, Kulkarni SC, Michaud C, Tomijima N, Bulzacchelli MT, Iandiorio TJ, Ezzati M. Eight Americas: Investigating mortality disparities across races, counties, and race-counties in the United States. PLoS Medicine. 2006;3(9):e260. [PMC free article: PMC1564165] [PubMed: 16968116]
  • Myers B, Fakier N, Louw J. Stigma, treatment beliefs, and substance abuse treatment use in historically disadvantaged communities. African Journal of Psychiatry. 2009;12(3):218–222. [PubMed: 19750251]
  • Nadeem E, Lange JM, Edge D, Fongwa M, Belin T, Miranda J. Does stigma keep poor young immigrant and U.S.-born Black and Latina women from seeking mental health care? Psychiatric Services. 2007;58(12):1547–1554. [PubMed: 18048555]
  • Nadeem E, Lange JM, Miranda J. Mental health care preferences among low-income and minority women. Archives of Women's Mental Health. 2008;11(2):93–102. [PMC free article: PMC2689381] [PubMed: 18463940]
  • Nanakorn S, Fukuda K, Ogimoto I, Tangseree T, Treethiptikhun S. Validation of the Short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test Thai version in northeastern Thailand. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health. 2000;31:780–786. [PubMed: 11414429]
  • National Asian Pacific American Families Against Substance Abuse. Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Use Among Vietnamese American High School Students in California: Findings From a 1995 Survey. Los Angeles: NAPAFASA; 2000.
  • National Association of Social Workers. NASW Standards for Cultural Competence in Social Work Practice. Washington, DC: National Association of Social Workers; 2001.
  • National Center for Cultural Competence. Rationale for Self-Assessment. Washington, DC: Georgetown University, Center for Child and Human Development; 2013.
  • National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 2011: With Special Feature on Socioeconomic Status and Health. Hyattsville, MD: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics; 2012. [PubMed: 22812021]
  • National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse. Family Matters: Substance Abuse and the American Family: A CASA White Paper. New York: Columbia University; 2005.
  • National Congress of American Indians (NCAI). Methamphetamines in Indian Country: An American Problem Uniquely Affecting Indian Country. Washington, DC: The National Congress of American Indians; 2006.
  • National Institutes of Health. Biennial Report of the Director, National Institutes of Health Fiscal Years 2008 & 2009. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health; 2012.
  • Neighbors HW, Musick MA, Williams DR. The African American minister as a source of help for serious personal crises: Bridge or barrier to mental health care? Health Education & Behavior. 1998;25(6):759–777. [PubMed: 9813746]
  • Nemoto T, Aoki B, Huang K, Morris A, Nguyen H, Wong W. Drug use behaviors among Asian drug users in San Francisco. Addictive Behaviors. 1999;24(6):823–838. [PubMed: 10628516]
  • Nemoto T, Operario D, Soma T. Risk behaviors of Filipino methamphetamine users in San Francisco: Implications for prevention and treatment of drug use and HIV. Public Health Reports. 2002;117(Suppl 1):S30–S38. [PMC free article: PMC1913699] [PubMed: 12435825]
  • Nguyen HT, Kitner-Triolo M, Evans MK, Zonderman AB. Factorial invariance of the CES-D in low socioeconomic status African Americans compared with a nationally representative sample. Psychiatry Research. 2004;126:177–187. [PubMed: 15123397]
  • Niv N, Wong EC, Hser YI. Asian Americans in community-based substance abuse treatment: service needs, utilization, and outcomes. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 2007;33(3):313–319. [PubMed: 17376635]
  • Niven JA. Client-centered, culture-friendly behavioral health care techniques for work with Alaska natives in the Bering Strait Region. Social Work in Mental Health. 2010;8(4):398–420.
  • Norris AE, Ford K, Bova CA. Psychometrics of a brief acculturation scale for Hispanics in a probability sample of urban Hispanic adolescents and young adults. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences. 1996;18:29–38.
  • Norris T, Vines PL, Hoeffel EM. The American Indian and Alaska Native Population: 2010. Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau; 2012. Census 2010 Brief.
  • Novy DM, Stanley MA, Averill P, Daza P. Psychometric comparability of English- and Spanish-language measures of anxiety and related affective symptoms. Psychological Assessment. 2001;13:347–355. [PubMed: 11556271]
  • Nyunt MSZ, Fones C, Niti M, Ng TP. Criterion-based validity and reliability of the Geriatric Depression Screening Scale (GDS-15) in a large validation sample of community-living Asian older adults. Aging and Mental Health. 2009;13:376–382. [PubMed: 19484601]
  • Obasi EM, Leong FTL. Psychological distress, acculturation, and mental health-seeking attitudes among people of African descent in the United States: A preliminary investigation. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 2009;56(2):227–238.
  • O'Connell JM, Novins DK, Beals J, Spicer P. Disparities in patterns of alcohol use among reservation-based and geographically dispersed American Indian populations. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 2005;29(1):107–116. [PubMed: 15654299]
  • O'Dwyer P. The Irish and substance abuse. In: Straussner SLA, editor. Ethnocultural Factors in Substance Abuse Treatment. New York: Guilford Press; 2001. pp. 199–215.
  • Oetting ER, Beauvais F. Orthogonal cultural identification theory: The cultural identification of minority adolescents. The International Journal of the Addictions. 1990;25(5A-6A):655–685. [PubMed: 2101397]
  • Office of Applied Studies. 2003 National Survey on Drug Use & Health: Detailed Tables. Results from the 2003 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings. Rockville, MD: Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2004.
  • Office of Applied Studies. Substance Abuse Treatment Admissions Among Asians and Pacific Islanders: 2002. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2005. The Dasis Report June 10.
  • Office of Applied Studies. Treatment Admissions in Rural Areas: 2003. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2005. The DASIS Report, September 30, 2005.
  • Office of Applied Studies. Substance Use and Substance Use Disorders Among American Indians and Alaska Natives. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2007. The NSDUH Report.
  • Office of Communications. Summary Report CARAVAN® Survey for SAMHSA on Addictions and Recovery. Rockville, MD: Office of Communications, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2008.
  • Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Social determinants of health. Healthy People 2020. Rockville, MD: Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; 2013.
  • Office of Minority Health. Assuring Cultural Competence in Health Care: Recommendations for National Standards and an Outcomes-Focused Research Agenda. Rockville, MD: Office of Minority Health; 2000.
  • Office of Minority Health. National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services in Health and Health Care: A Blueprint for Advancing and Sustaining CLAS Policy and Practice. Washington, DC; Office of Minority Health; 2013.
  • Office of Minority Health. What is Cultural Competency? Washington, DC: Office of Minority Health; 2005.
  • Ogunwole SU. We the People: American Indians and Alaska Natives in the United States. Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau; 2006. Census 2000 Special Reports.
  • Oksanen A. To hell and back: Excessive drug use, addiction, and the process of recovery in mainstream rock autobiographies. Substance Use & Misuse. 2012;47(2):143–154. [PubMed: 22217068]
  • Oliveira JM, Austin AA, Miyamoto RES, Kaholokula JK, Yano KB, Lunasco T. The rural Hawai'i behavioral health program: increasing access to primary care behavioral health for Native Hawaiians in rural settings. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice. 2006;37(2):174–182.
  • Organista KC. Cognitive–behavioral therapy with Latinos and Latinas. In: Hays PA, Iwamasa GY, editors. Culturally Responsive Cognitive–Behavioral Therapy: Assessment, Practice, and Supervision. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2006. pp. 73–96.
  • Organista KC, Muñoz RF. Cognitive–behavioral therapy with Latinos. In: Organista PB, Chun KM, Marin G, editors. Readings in Ethnic Psychology. New York: Routledge; 1998. pp. 353–366.
  • Organista PB, Organista KC, Kurasaki K. The relationship between acculturation and ethnic minority health. In: Chun KM, Balls-Organista P, Marin G, editors. Acculturation: Advances in Theory, Measurement and Applied Research. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2003. pp. 139–161.
  • Ornelas IJ, Hong S. Gender differences in the relationship between discrimination and substance use disorder among Latinos. Substance Use and Misuse. 2012;47(12):1349–1358. [PMC free article: PMC3792013] [PubMed: 22950437]
  • Otiniano Verissimo AD, Gee GC, Ford CL, Iguchi MY. Racial discrimination, gender discrimination, and substance abuse among Latina/os nationwide. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology. 2014;20(1):43–51. [PMC free article: PMC4060885] [PubMed: 24491127]
  • Otsubo T, Tanaka K, Koda R, Shinoda J, Sano N, Tanaka S, Aoyama H, Mimura M, Kamijima K. Reliability and validity of Japanese version of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. 2005;59:517–526. [PubMed: 16194252]
  • Pacek LR, Malcolm RJ, Martins SS. Race/ethnicity differences between alcohol, marijuana, and co-occurring alcohol and marijuana use disorders and their association with public health and social problems using a national sample. The American Journal on Addictions. 2012;21(5):435–444. [PMC free article: PMC3419382] [PubMed: 22882394]
  • Pack-Brown SP, Williams CB. Ethics in a Multicultural Context: Multicultural Aspects of Counseling Series. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 2003.
  • Padilla AM. The role of cultural awareness and ethnic loyalty in acculturation. In: Padilla AM, editor. Acculturation: Theory, Models and Some New Findings. Boulder, CO: Westview; 1980. pp. 47–84.
  • Padilla AM, Salgado de Snyder VN. Hispanics: What the culturally informed evaluator needs to know. In: Orlandi MA, Weston R, Epstein LG, editors. Cultural Competence for Evaluators: A Guide for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Prevention Practitioners Working With Ethnic/Racial Communities. Rockville, MD: Office for Substance Abuse Prevention; 1992. pp. 117–146. (OSAP Cultural Competence Series I). HHS Publication No. (ADM) 92-1884.
  • Pal HR, Jena R, Yadav D. Validation of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in urban community outreach and de-addiction center samples in north India. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 2004;65:794–800. [PubMed: 15700518]
  • Paniagua FA. Assessing and Treating Culturally Diverse Clients: A Practical Guide. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 1998.
  • Park M, Chesla CA, Rehm RS, Chun KM. Working with culture: culturally appropriate mental health care for Asian Americans. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2011;67(11):2373–2382. [PubMed: 21545638]
  • Passel JS. Unauthorized Migrants: Numbers and Characteristics. Background Briefing Prepared for Task Force on Immigration and America's Future. Washington, DC: Pew Hispanic Center, Pew Research Center; 2005.
  • Passel JS, Cohn D. U.S. Population Projections: 2005–2050. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center; 2008.
  • Passel JS, Cohn D. A Portrait of Unauthorized Immigrants in the United States. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center; 2009.
  • Pawson M, Kelly BC. Consumption and community: The subcultural contexts of disparate marijuana practices in jam band and hiphop scenes. Deviant Behavior. 2014;35(5):347–363.
  • Peace Corps Information Collection and Exchange. Culture Matters: The Peace Corps Cross-Cultural Workbook. Washington, DC: Peace Corps Information Collection and Exchange; 2012.
  • Pearson C, Bourgois P. Hope to die a dope fiend. Cultural Anthropology. 1995;10(4):587–593.
  • Pena JM, Bland IJ, Shervington D, Rice JC, Foulks EF. Racial identity and its assessment in a sample of African-American men in treatment for cocaine dependence. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 2000;26:97–112. [PubMed: 10718166]
  • People Awakening Project. The People Awakening Project: Discovering Alaska Native Pathways to Sobriety. Final Report 2004. Fairbanks, AK: University of Alaska Fairbanks; 2004.
  • Perez MA, Luquis RR. Cultural Competence in Health Education and Health Promotion. 1st ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 2008.
  • Pernell-Arnold A, Finley L, Sands RG, Bourjolly J, Stanhope V. Training mental health providers in cultural competence: A transformative learning process. American Journal of Psychiatric Rehabilitation. 2012;15(4):334–356.
  • Perron BE, Mowbray OP, Glass JE, Delva J, Vaughn MG, Howard MO. Differences in service utilization and barriers among Blacks, Hispanics, and Whites with drug use disorders. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention and Policy. 2009;4:3. [PMC free article: PMC2660316] [PubMed: 19284669]
  • Peters ML, Sawyer CB, Guzman M. Supporting the development of Latino bilingual mental health professionals. Journal of Hispanic Higher Education. 2014;13(1):15–31.
  • Petry NM. A comparison of African American and non-Hispanic Caucasian cocaine-abusing outpatients. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2003;69(1):43–49. [PubMed: 12536065]
  • Petry NM, Alessi SM, Hanson T. Contingency management improves abstinence and quality of life in cocaine abusers. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 2007;75(2):307–315. [PubMed: 17469888]
  • Petry NM, Alessi SM, Marx J, Austin M, Tardif M. Vouchers versus prizes: Contingency management treatment of substance abusers in community settings. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 2005;73(6):1005–1014. [PubMed: 16392974]
  • Petry NM, Tedford J, Austin M, Nich C, Carroll KM, Rounsaville BJ. Prize reinforcement contingency management for treating cocaine users: How low can we go, and with whom? Addiction. 2004;99(3):349–360. [PMC free article: PMC3709247] [PubMed: 14982548]
  • Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life. U.S. Religious Landscape Survey: Religious Affiliation: Diverse and Dynamic. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center; 2008.
  • Pew Research Center for the People & the Press. Interdiction and Incarceration Still Top Remedies: 74% Say Drug War Being Lost. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center; 2001.
  • Pierce TG. Gen-X junkie: Ethnographic research with young White heroin users in Washington, DC. Substance Use & Misuse. 1999;34(14):2095–2114. [PubMed: 10573306]
  • Pieterse AL, Todd NR, Neville HA, Carter RT. Perceived racism and mental health among Black American adults: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 2012;59:1–9. [PubMed: 22059427]
  • Polednak AP. Temporal trend in the U.S. Black-White disparity in mortality rates from selected alcohol-related chronic diseases. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse. 2008;7(2):154–164. [PubMed: 19042803]
  • Ponterotto JG, Fuertes JN, Chen EC. Models of multicultural counseling. In: Brown SD, Lent RW, editors. Handbook of Counseling Psychology. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 2000. pp. 639–669.
  • Portes A, Fernandez-Kelly P, Haller W. Segmented assimilation on the ground: The new second generation in early adulthood. Ethnic and Racial Studies. 2005;28(6):1000–1040.
  • Portes A, Rumbaut RG. Introduction: The second generation and the children of immigrants longitudinal study. Ethnic and Racial Studies. 2005;28(6):983–999.
  • Posner SF, Stewart AL, Martin G, Perez-Stable EJ. Factor variability of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) among urban Latinos. Ethnicity and Health. 2001;6:137–144. [PubMed: 11488294]
  • Pouget ER, Friedman SR, Cleland CM, Tempalski B, Cooper HL. Estimates of the population prevalence of injection drug users among Hispanic residents of large US metropolitan areas. Journal of Urban Health. 2012;89(3):527–564. [PMC free article: PMC3368042] [PubMed: 22411420]
  • Prochaska JO, DiClemente CC. The Transtheoretical Approach: Crossing Traditional Boundaries of Therapy. Homewood, IL: Dow Jones-Irwin; 1984.
  • Prochaska JO, DiClemente CC, Norcross JC. In search of how people change: Applications to addictive behaviors. The American Psychologist. 1992;47(9):1102–1114. [PubMed: 1329589]
  • Quintana MI, Andreoli SB, Jorge MR, Gastal FL, Miranda CT. The reliability of the Brazilian version of the composite international diagnostic interview (CIDI 2.1). Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 2004;37(11):1739–1745. [PubMed: 15517091]
  • Quintero GA, Lilliott E, Willging C. Substance abuse treatment provider views of “culture”: Implications for behavioral health care in rural settings. Qualitative Health Research. 2007;17(9):1256–1267. [PubMed: 17968042]
  • Radloff LS. The CESD Scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement. 1977;1:385–401.
  • Ramirez M. Multicultural Psychotherapy: An Approach to Individual and Cultural Differences. 2nd ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon; 1999.
  • Ramirez RR, de la Cruz GP. The Hispanic Population in the United States: March 2002. Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau; 2003. Current Population Reports.
  • Ramos-Sanchez L. The psychology of undocumented Latinos: Living an invisible existence. In: Chin JL, editor. Diversity in Mind and in Action, Vol. 1: Multiple Faces of Identity. Praeger/ABC-CLIO. Santa Barbara, CA: 2009. pp. 105–115.
  • Rastogi M, Wadhwa S. Substance abuse among Asian Indians in the United States: A consideration of cultural factors in etiology and treatment. Substance Use & Misuse. 2006;41(9):1239–1249. [PubMed: 16861175]
  • Reardon SF, Buka SL. Differences in onset and persistence of substance abuse and dependence among Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics. Public Health Reports. 2002;117(Suppl 1):S51–S59. [PMC free article: PMC1913709] [PubMed: 12435827]
  • Reback CJ. The Social Construction of a Gay Drug: Methamphetamine Use Among Gay and Bisexual Males in Los Angeles. Los Angeles: City of Los Angeles, AIDS Coordinator; 1997.
  • Reback CJ, Shoptaw S. Development of an evidence-based, gay-specific cognitive behavioral therapy intervention for methamphetamine-abusing gay and bisexual men. Addictive Behaviors. 2011;39(8):1286–1291. [PMC free article: PMC3326187] [PubMed: 22169619]
  • Reeves T, Bennett C. The Asian and Pacific Islander Population in the United States: March 2002. Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau; 2003. Current Population Reports.
  • Reid DJ. Addiction, African Americans, and a Christian recovery. In: Krestan JA, editor. Bridges to Recovery: Addiction, Family Therapy, and Multicultural Treatment. New York: The Free Press; 2000. pp. 145–172.
  • Reinert DF, Allen JP. The alcohol use disorders identification test: an update of research findings. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 2005;31:185–199. [PubMed: 17250609]
  • Reuland DS, Cherrington A, Watkins GS, Bradford DW, Blanco RA, Gaynes BN. Diagnostic accuracy of Spanish language depression-screening instruments. Annals of Family Medicine. 2009;7:455–462. [PMC free article: PMC2746515] [PubMed: 19752474]
  • Reyna JM, Cadena CHG. Masculinity, machismo and their relation with some familiar variables. In: Columbus AM, editor. Advances in Psychology Research. Vol. 42. Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers; 2007. pp. 123–145.
  • Reynolds S. Generation Ecstasy: Into the World of Techno and Rave Culture. New York: Routledge; 1998.
  • Reynoso-Vallejo H, Chassler D, Witas J, Lundgren LM. Patterns of drug treatment entry by Latino male injection drug users from different national/geographical backgrounds. Evaluation and Program Planning. 2008;31(1):92–101. [PubMed: 18222143]
  • Rezentes WC. Na Mea Hawaii: A Hawaiian acculturation scale. Psychological Reports. 1993;73:383–393.
  • Rich JA, Grey CM. Pathways to recurrent trauma among young Black men: Traumatic stress, substance use, and the “code of the street” American Journal of Public Health. 2005;95(5):816–824. [PMC free article: PMC1449260] [PubMed: 15855457]
  • Richardson TM, Williams BA. African-Americans in Treatment: Dealing With Cultural Differences. Center City, MN: Hazelden; 1990.
  • Riehman KS, Wechsberg WM, Zule W, Lam WK, Levine B. Gender differences in the impact of social support on crack use among African Americans. Substance Use & Misuse. 2008;43(1):85–104. [PubMed: 18189207]
  • Ring JM. Curriculum for Culturally Responsive Health Care: The Step-by-Step Guide for Cultural Competence Training. Oxford: Radcliffe Publishing; 2008.
  • Ritsher JB, Moos RH, Finney JW. Relationship of treatment orientation and continuing care to remission among substance abuse patients. Psychiatric Services. 2002;53(5):595–601. [PubMed: 11986510]
  • Roberts RE, Rhoades HM, Vernon SW. Using the CESD scale to screen for depression and anxiety: Effects of language and ethnic status. Psychiatry Research. 1990;31:69–83. [PubMed: 2315423]
  • Robin RW, Saremi A, Albaugh B, Hanson RL, Williams D, Goldman D. Validity of the SMAST in two American Indian tribal populations. Substance Use and Misuse. 2004;39:601–624. [PubMed: 15115215]
  • Rodriguez-Andrew S. Alcohol use and abuse among Latinos: Issues and examples of culturally competent services. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly. 1998;16(1-2):55–70.
  • Rogers AT. Exploring health beliefs and care-seeking behaviors of older USA-dwelling Mexicans and Mexican-Americans. Ethnicity & Health. 2010;15(6):581–599. [PubMed: 20694865]
  • Room R. Gender roles and interactions in drinking and drug use. Journal of Substance Abuse. 1996;8(2):227–239. [PubMed: 8880662]
  • Room R. Taking account of cultural and societal influences on substance use diagnoses and criteria. Addiction. 2006;101(Suppl 1):31–39. [PubMed: 16930159]
  • Room R, Graham K, Rehm J, Jernigan D, Monteiro M. Drinking and its burden in a global perspective: Policy considerations and options. European Addiction Research. 2003;9(4):165–175. [PubMed: 12970585]
  • Room R, Janca A, Bennett LA, Schmidt L, Sartorius N. WHO cross-cultural applicability research on diagnosis and assessment of substance use disorders: An overview of methods and selected results. Addiction. 1996;91(2):199–220. [PubMed: 8835277]
  • Room R, Rehm J, Trotter RT, Paglia A, Ustun TB. Cross-cultural views on stigma, valuation, parity, and societal values towards disability. In: Ustun TB, Chatterji S, Bickenbach J, Trotter RT II, Room R, Rehm J, Saxena S, editors. Disability and Culture: Universalism and Diversity. Seattle, WA: Published on behalf of the World Health Organization by Hogrefe & Huber Publishers; 2001. pp. 247–291.
  • Rose PR. Cultural Competency for Health Administration and Public Health. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett; 2011.
  • Rosenbaum S, Shin P. Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers: Health Insurance Coverage and Access to Care. Washington, DC: Kaiser Commission on Medicaid and the Uninsured; 2005.
  • Rosenbaum S, Teitelbaum J. Cultural Competence in Medicaid Managed Care Purchasing: General and Behavioral Health Services for Persons With Mental and Addiction-Related Illnesses and Disorders. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1999. Issue Brief #4. [PubMed: 12426707]
  • Ross-Durow PL, Boyd CJ. Sexual abuse, depression, and eating disorders in African American women who smoke cocaine. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 2000;18(1):79–81. [PubMed: 10636611]
  • Rossi A, Alberio R, Porta A, Sandri M, Tansella M, Amaddeo F. The reliability of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview–Italian version. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology. 2004;24:561–563. [PubMed: 15349020]
  • Roysircar G. Research in multicultural counseling: Client needs and counselor competencies. In: Lee C, editor. Multicultural Issues in Counseling: New Approaches to Diversity. 3rd ed. Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association; 2006. pp. 369–387.
  • Ruan WJ, Goldstein RB, Chou SP, Smith SM, Saha TD, Pickering RP, Dawson DA, Huang B, Stinson FS, Grant BF. The alcohol use disorder and associated disabilities interview schedule-IV (AUDADIS-IV): Reliability of new psychiatric diagnostic modules and risk factors in a general population sample. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2008;92:27–36. [PMC free article: PMC2246381] [PubMed: 17706375]
  • Ruiz P. Issues in the psychiatric care of Hispanics. Psychiatric Services. 1997;48(4):539–540. [PubMed: 9090743]
  • Rumpf HJ, Bischof G, Hapke U, Meyer C, John U. The role of family and partnership in recovery from alcohol dependence: Comparison of individuals remitting with and without formal help. European Addiction Research. 2002;8(3):122–127. [PubMed: 12065961]
  • Russell C. A Report on Cultural Competency Training for Health Care Professionals in Connecticut. Hartford, CT: Connecticut Multicultural Health Partnership; 2009.
  • Russell LM. Reducing Disparities in Life Expectancy: What Factors Matter? Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine; 2011.
  • Russell M. New assessment tools for risk drinking during pregnancy: T-ACE, TWEAK, and others. Alcohol Health and Research World. 1994;18:55–61. [PMC free article: PMC6876474] [PubMed: 31798157]
  • Ryder AG, Alden LE, Paulhus DL. Is acculturation unidimensional or bidimensional? A head-to-head comparison in the prediction of personality, self-identity, and adjustment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 2000;79:49–65. [PubMed: 10909877]
  • Sabin C, Benally H, Bennett SK, Jones E. Walking in Beauty on the Red Road: A Holistic Cultural Treatment Model for American Indian & Alaska Native Adolescents and Families: Program Description and Clinical Manual. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2004.
  • Sabogal F, Marin G, Otero-Sabogal R, Marin BV. Hispanic familism and acculturation: What changes and what doesn't? Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences. 1987;9:397–412.
  • Saitz R, Lepore MF, Sullivan LM, Amaro H, Samet JH. Alcohol abuse and dependence in Latinos living in the United States: Validation of the CAGE (4M) questions. Archives of Internal Medicine. 1999;159:718–724. [PubMed: 10218752]
  • Saldaña D. Cultural Competency: A Practical Guide for Mental Health Service Providers. Austin, TX: Hogg Foundation for Mental Health; 2001.
  • Salgado de Snyder VN. Factors associated with acculturative stress and depressive symptomatology among married Mexican immigrant women. Psychology of Women Quarterly. 1987;11(4):475–488.
  • Sanchez K, Chapa T, Ybarra R, Martinez ON. Enhancing the Delivery of Health Care: Eliminating Health Disparities Through a Culturally & Linguistically Centered Integrated Health Care Approach. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Minority Health, Hogg Foundation for Mental Health; 2012.
  • Sandberg S. Cannabis culture: A stable subculture in a changing world. Criminology & Criminal Justice: An International Journal. 2013;13(1):63–79.
  • Sanders M. The response of African American communities to alcohol and other drug problems: An opportunity for treatment providers. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly. 2002;20(3-4):167–174.
  • Sandhu DS, Malik R. Ethnocultural background and substance abuse treatment of Asian Indian Americans. In: Straussner SLA, editor. Ethnocultural Factors in Substance Abuse Treatment. New York: Guilford Press; 2001. pp. 368–392.
  • Sandi Esquivel LE, Avila CK. Validity of the Addiction Severity Index (adapted version) in a Costa Rican population group. Bulletin of the Pan American Health Organization. 1990;24:70–76. [PubMed: 2331561]
  • Sandoval MC. Santeria as a mental health care system: An historical overview. Social Science and Medicine: Medical Anthropology. 1979;13B(2):137–151. [PubMed: 505056]
  • Santisteban DA, Coatsworth JD, Perez-Vidal A, Kurtines WM, Schwartz SJ, LaPerriere A, Szapocznik J. Efficacy of brief strategic family therapy in modifying Hispanic adolescent behavior problems and substance use. Journal of Family Psychology. 2003;17(1):121–133. [PMC free article: PMC1480818] [PubMed: 12666468]
  • Santisteban DA, Coatsworth JD, Perez-Vidal A, Mitrani V, Jean-Gilles M, Szapocznik J. Brief structural/strategic family therapy with African American and Hispanic high-risk youth. Journal of Community Psychology. 1997;25(5):453–471.
  • Satre DD, Campbell CI, Gordon NS, Weisner C. Ethnic disparities in accessing treatment for depression and substance use disorders in an integrated health plan. International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine. 2010;40(1):57–76. [PMC free article: PMC2922921] [PubMed: 20565045]
  • Saunders JB, Aasland OG, Babor TF, de la Fuente JR, Grant M. Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO collaborative project on early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption–II. Addiction. 1993;88:791–804. [PubMed: 8329970]
  • Sayegh L, Lasry J. Immigrants' adaptation in Canada: Assimilation, acculturation, and orthogonal cultural identification. Canadian Psychology. 1993;34(1):98–109.
  • Schensul JJ, Huebner C, Singer M, Snow M, Feliciano P, Broomhall L. The high, the money, and the fame: The emergent social context of “new marijuana” use among urban youth. Medical Anthropology. 2000;18(4):389–414.
  • Schiele JH. Human Services and the Afrocentric Paradigm. Binghamton, NY: Haworth Press; 2000.
  • Schiff JW, Moore K. The impact of the sweat lodge ceremony on dimensions of well-being. American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research. 2006;13(3):48–69. [PubMed: 17602408]
  • Schiller JS, Martinez M, Barnes P. Early Release of Selected Estimates Based on Data From the 2004 National Health Interview Survey. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics; 2005.
  • Schmidt L, Greenfield T, Mulia N. Unequal treatment: Racial and ethnic disparities in alcoholism treatment services. Alcohol Research & Health. 2006;29(1):49–54. [PMC free article: PMC6470902] [PubMed: 16767854]
  • Schmidt LA, Weisner CM. Private insurance and the utilization of chemical dependency treatment. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 2005;28(1):67–76. [PubMed: 15723734]
  • Schmidt LA, Ye Y, Greenfield TK, Bond J. Ethnic disparities in clinical severity and services for alcohol problems: Results from the national alcohol survey. Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research. 2007;31(1):48–56. [PubMed: 17207101]
  • Schoeneberger ML, Leukefeld CG, Hiller ML, Townsend M. The National Rural Alcohol and Drug Abuse Network Awards for Excellence 2004. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Treatment; 2006. Substance abuse among rural and very rural drug users at treatment entry; pp. 59–75. Technical Assistance Publication (TAP) 28. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 06-4183.
  • Schroeder JR, Schmittner JP, Epstein DH, Preston KL. Adverse events among patients in a behavioral treatment trial for heroin and cocaine dependence: Effects of age, race, and gender. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2005;80(1):45–51. [PubMed: 16157230]
  • Schuster MA, Halfon N, Wood DL. African American mothers in South Central Los Angeles: Their fears for their newborn's future. Archives of Pediatrics Adolescent Medicine. 1998;152(3):264–268. [PubMed: 9529464]
  • Schwartz AC, Bradley RL, Sexton M, Sherry A, Ressler KJ. Posttraumatic stress disorder among African Americans in an inner city mental health clinic. Psychiatric Services. 2005;56(2):212–215. [PubMed: 15703352]
  • Seale JP, Shellenberger S, Spence J. Alcohol problems in Alaska Natives: Lessons from the Inuit. American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research: The Journal of the National Center. 2006;13(1):1–31. [PubMed: 17602395]
  • Segal B, Burgess D, DeGross D, Frank P, Hild C, Saylor B. Alaska Natives Combating Substance Abuse and Related Violence Through Self-Healing: A Report for the People. Anchorage, AK: University of Alaska Anchorage; 1999.
  • Sellers RM, Rowley SAJ, Chavous TM, Shelton JN, Smith MA. Multidimensional Inventory of Black Identity: A preliminary investigation of reliability and constuct validity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1997;73:805–815.
  • Selzer ML, Vinokur A, van Rooijen L. A self-administered Short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (SMAST). Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 1975;36:117–126. [PubMed: 238068]
  • Semple SJ, Grant I, Patterson TL. Utilization of drug treatment programs by methamphetamine users: The role of social stigma. The American Journal of Addiction. 2005;14(4):367–380. [PubMed: 16188717]
  • Sexton RL, Carlson RG, Siegal H, Leukefeld CG, Booth B. The role of African-American clergy in providing informal services to drug users in the rural South: Preliminary ethnographic findings. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse. 2006;5(1):1–21. [PubMed: 16537334]
  • Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH, Amorim P, Janavs J, Weiller E, Hergueta T, Baker R, Dunbar GC. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I): The development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 1998;59:22–33. [PubMed: 9881538]
  • Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH, Janavs J, Weiller E, Keskiner A, Schinka J, Knapp E, Sheehan MF, Dunbar GC. The validity of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) according to the SCID-P and its reliability. European Psychiatry. 1997;12:232–241.
  • Sheikh JI, Yesavage JA. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS): Recent evidence and development of a shorter version. Clinical Gerontologist. 1986;5:165–173.
  • Sheu HB, Lent RW. Development and initial validation of the Multicultural Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale–Racial Diversity Form. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training. 2007;44:30–45. [PubMed: 22122166]
  • Shin HB, Bruno R. Language Use and English-Speaking Ability: 2000. Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau; 2003. Census 2000 Brief.
  • Shorkey C, Windsor LC, Spence R. Assessing culturally competent chemical dependence treatment services for Mexican Americans. The Journal of Behavior Health Services Research. 2009;36(1):61–74. [PubMed: 18528760]
  • Shorter-Gooden K. Therapy with African American men and women. In: Neville HA, Tynes BM, Utsey SO, editors. Handbook of African American Psychology. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 2009. pp. 445–458.
  • Silverman K, Svikis D, Wong CJ, Hampton J, Stitzer ML, Bigelow GE. A reinforcement-based therapeutic workplace for the treatment of drug abuse: Three-year abstinence outcomes. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology. 2002;10(3):228–240. [PubMed: 12233983]
  • Silverman K, Wong CJ, Needham M, Diemer KN, Knealing T, Crone-Todd D, Finger-hood M, Nuzzo P, Kolodner K. A randomized trial of employment-based reinforcement of cocaine abstinence in injection drug users. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis. 2007;40(3):387–410. [PMC free article: PMC1986688] [PubMed: 17970256]
  • Simon D, Burns E. The Corner: A Year in the Life of an Inner-City Neighborhood. New York: Broadway Books; 1997.
  • Singer JB. Visual Assessment Tools: The Culturagram. Interview With Dr. Elaine Congress. Dec 1, 2007. [Audio podcast]
  • Singer M. Why do Puerto-Rican injection drug users inject so often? Journal of Anthropology and Medicine. 1999;6(1):31–58.
  • Singer M, Valentin F, Baer H, Jia Z. Why does Juan Garcia have a drinking problem? The perspective of critical medical anthropology. Medical Anthropology. 1992;14(1):77–108. [PubMed: 1294865]
  • Skinner HA. The Drug Abuse Screening Test. Addictive Behaviors. 1982;7:363–371. [PubMed: 7183189]
  • Skinner JH. Acculturation: Measures of ethnic accommodation to the dominant American culture. Journal of Mental Health and Aging. 2001;7:41–51.
  • Smedley BD, Stith AY, Nelson AR., Institute of Medicine. Committee on Understanding and Eliminating Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2003. [PubMed: 25032386]
  • Smokowski PR, Rose R, Bacallao ML. Acculturation and Latino family processes: How cultural involvement, biculturalism, and acculturation gaps influence family dynamics. Family Relations. 2008;57(3):295–308.
  • Snowden LR, Hines AM. A scale to assess African American acculturation. Journal of Black Psychology. 1999;25:36–47.
  • Sobralske M. Machismo sustains health and illness beliefs of Mexican American men. Journal of American Academy of Nurse Practitioners. 2006;18(8):348–350. [PubMed: 16907695]
  • Sodowsky GR, Wai Ming Lai E. Asian immigrant variables and structural models of cross-cultural distress. In: Booth A, Crouter AC, Landale N, editors. Immigration and the Family: Research and Policy on US Immigrants. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1997. pp. 211–234.
  • Solomon BB. Counseling Black families at inner-city church sites. In: Cheatham HE, Steward JB, editors. Black Families. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers; 1990. pp. 353–371.
  • Sonn C, Walker R. Working as a culturally competent mental health practitioner. In: Purdie N, Dudgeon P, Walker R, editors. Working Together: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Mental Health and Wellbeing Principles and Practice. Australian Council for Educational Research, the Kulunga Research Network, and Telethon Institute for Child Health Research; 2010. pp. 157–180.
  • Sosulski MR, Woodward AT. American women living with mental disorders: Factors associated with helpseeking from professional services and informal supports. Social Work in Public Health. 2013;28(7):660–671. [PubMed: 24074130]
  • Sotero MA. Conceptual model of historical trauma: Implications for public health practice and research. Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice. 2006;1(1):93–108.
  • Spear S, Crevecoeur DA, Rawson RA, Clark R. The rise in methamphetamine use among American Indians in Los Angeles County. American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research. 2007;14(2):1–15. [PubMed: 17874362]
  • Spencer MS, Chen J. Effect of discrimination on mental health service utilization among Chinese Americans. American Journal of Public Health. 2004;94(5):809–814. [PMC free article: PMC1448342] [PubMed: 15117705]
  • Spicer P. Culture and the restoration of self among former American Indian drinkers. Social Science and Medicine. 2001;53(2):227–240. [PubMed: 11414389]
  • Spunt B. The current New York City heroin scene. Substance Use & Misuse. 2003;38(10):1539–1549. [PubMed: 14509550]
  • Srivastava R. Understanding cultural competence in health care. In: Srivastava R, editor. The Healthcare Professional's Guide to Clinical Cultural Competence. Toronto, Ontario: Mosby; 2007. pp. 3–27.
  • St. Martin M. How Important Is Racial/Cultural Identity? Transracial Adoption Part II. Evanston, IL: iParenting.com; 2005.
  • Stahler GJ, Kirby KC, Kerwin ME. A faith-based intervention for cocaine-dependent Black women. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 2007;39(2):183–190. [PubMed: 17703713]
  • State of New Jersey Department of Human Services. A New Beginning: The Future of Child Welfare in New Jersey. Trenton, NJ: New Jersey Department of Human Services; 2004.
  • Stephens RC. The Street Addict Role: A Theory of Heroin Addiction. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press; 1991.
  • Stephens RC, Levine S, Ross W. Street addict values: A factor analytic study. Journal of Social Psychology. 1976;99(2):273–281. [PubMed: 979192]
  • Stephenson M. Development and validation of the Stephenson Multigroup Acculturation Scale (SMAS). Psychological Assessment. 2000;12:77–88. [PubMed: 10752366]
  • Stockdale SE, Lagomasino IT, Siddique J, McGuire T, Miranda J. Racial and ethnic disparities in detection and treatment of depression and anxiety among psychiatric and primary health care visits, 1995–2005. Medical Care. 2008;46(7):668–677. [PMC free article: PMC3956700] [PubMed: 18580385]
  • Stone RA, Whitbeck LB, Chen X, Johnson K, Olson DM. Traditional practices, traditional spirituality, and alcohol cessation among American Indians. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 2006;67(2):236–244. [PubMed: 16562405]
  • Straits KJE, Bird DM, Tsinajinnie E, Espinoza J, Goodkind J, Spencer O, Tafoya N, Willging C., the Guiding Principles Workgroup. Guiding Principles for Engaging in Research with Native American Communities, Version 1. Albuquerque, NM: UNM Center for Rural and Community Behavioral Health and Albuquerque Area Southwest Tribal Epidemiology Center; 2012.
  • Strakowski SM, Keck PE Jr., Arnold LM, Collins J, Wilson RM, Fleck DE, Corey KB, Amicone J, Adebimpe VR. Ethnicity diagnosis in patients with affective disorders. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2003;64(7):747–754. [PubMed: 12934973]
  • Straussner SLA. Jewish substance abusers: Existing but invisible. In: Straussner SLA, editor. Ethnocultural Factors in Substance Abuse Treatment. New York: Guilford Press; 2001. pp. 291–317.
  • Streissguth AP, Moon-Jordan A, Clarren SK. Alcoholism in four patients with fetal alcohol syndrome: Recommendations for treatment. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly. 1995;13(2):89–103.
  • Suarez-Morales L, Martino S, Bedregal L, McCabe BE, Cuzmar IY, Paris M, Feaster DJ, Carroll KM, Szapocznik J. Do therapist cultural characteristics influence the outcome of substance abuse treatment for Spanish-speaking adults? Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology. 2010;16(2):199–205. [PMC free article: PMC2954416] [PubMed: 20438158]
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Trauma Recovery and Empowerment Model (TREM). Rockville, MD: National Registry of Evidence-Based Programs and Practices (NREPP); 2006.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. The Recovery Community Services Program (RCSP). Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Treatment; 2008.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results From the 2009 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Mental Health Findings. Rockville, MD: Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality; 2010. (NSDUH Series H-39). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 10-4609.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results From the 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Summary of National Findings. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2011. (NSDUH Series H-41). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 11-4658.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. SAMHSA Announces a Working Definition of “Recovery” From Mental Disorders and Substance Use Disorders. Rockville, MD: SAMHSA Press Office; 2011. [News Release]
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) 1999–2009: National Admissions to Substance Abuse Treatment Services. Rockville, MD: substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2011. (DASIS Series: S-56). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 11-4646.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Mental Health United States, 2010. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2012. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 12-4681.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results From the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2012. (NSDUH Series H-44). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 12-4713.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Addressing the Specific Behavioral Health Needs of Men. Rockville, MD; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration: 2013. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 56). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 13-4736.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Behavioral Health Services for People Who Are Homeless. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2013. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 55-R). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 13-4734.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results from the 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Mental Health Findings. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2013. (NSDUH Series H-47). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 13-4805.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results from the 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Summary of National Findings. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2013. (NSDUH Series H-46). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 13-4795.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Trauma-Informed Care in Behavioral Health Services. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2014. Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 57.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Behavioral Health Services for American Indians and Alaska Natives. Treatment. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; (Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series). planned a.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Building Health, Wellness, and Quality of Life for Sustained Recovery. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series). planned b.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Managing Anxiety Symptoms in Behavioral Health Services. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series). planned c.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Reintegration-Related Behavioral Health Issues in Veterans and Military Families. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series). planned d.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Relapse Prevention and Recovery Promotion in Behavioral Health Services. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series). planned e.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Using Technology-Based Therapeutic Tools in Behavioral Health Services. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series). planned f.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. The NSDUH Report: Need For and Receipt of Substance Abuse Treatment Among Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2005.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. Substance Use Among Asian Adolescents. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2011. The NSDUH Report.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS): 2000–2010. National Admissions to Substance Abuse Treatment Services. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2012. (DASIS Series: S-61). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 12-4701.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. Highlights of the 2011 Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) Findings on Drug-Related Emergency Department Visits. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2013. The DAWN Report. [PubMed: 27631059]
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. Need for and Receipt of Substance Use Treatment Among Blacks. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2013. The NSDUH Report.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS): 2001–2011. National Admissions to Substance Abuse Treatment Services. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2013. (BHSIS Series S-65). HHS Publication No. (SMA) 13-4772.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. Update on Emergency Department Visits Involving Energy Drinks: A Continuing Public Health Concern. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2013. The DAWN Report. [PubMed: 27606410]
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies. Participation in Self-Help Groups for Alcohol and Illicit Drug Use: 2006 and 2007. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2008. The NSDUH Report.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies. Mental Health Support and Self-Help Groups. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2009. The NSDUH Report.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies. Substance Use Among American Indian or Alaska Native Adults. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2010. The NSDUH Report.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies. The NSDUH Report: Need For and Receipt of Substance Use Treatment Among American Indians or Alaska Natives. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2012.
  • Sue DW. Multidimensional facets of cultural competence. The Counseling Psychologist. 2001;29(6):790–821.
  • Sue DW, Constantine MG. Effective multicultural consultation and organizational development. In: Constantine MG, Sue DW, editors. Strategies for Building Multicultural Competence in Mental Health and Educational Settings. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.; 2005. pp. 212–226.
  • Sue DW, Sue D. Counseling the Culturally Different: Theory and Practice. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1999.
  • Sue DW, Sue D. Counseling the Culturally Different: Theory and Practice. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1999. Racial/cultural identity development models; pp. 235–242.
  • Sue DW, Sue D. Counseling the Culturally Diverse: Theory and Practice. 4th ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 2003. Sociopolitical considerations of trust and mistrust; pp. 63–91.
  • Sue DW, Sue D. Counseling the Culturally Diverse: Theory and Practice. 4th ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 2003. The politics of counseling and psychotherapy; pp. 33–62.
  • Sue DW, Sue D. Counseling the Culturally Diverse: Theory and Practice. 5th ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons; 2008.
  • Sue DW, Sue D. Counseling the Culturally Diverse: Theory and Practice. 6th ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons; 2013. Communication styles; pp. 160–168.
  • Sue DW, Sue D. Counseling the Culturally Diverse: Theory and Practice. 6th ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons; 2013. Counseling African Americans; pp. 365–378.
  • Sue DW, Sue D. Counseling the Culturally Diverse: Theory and Practice. 6th ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons; 2013.
  • Sue DW, Sue D. Counseling the Culturally Diverse: Theory and Practice. 6th ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons; 2013. Implications for clinical practice; pp. 205–207.
  • Sue DW, Sue D. Counseling the Culturally Diverse: Theory and Practice. 6th ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons; 2013. The education and training of mental health professionals; pp. 64–70.
  • Sue S, Fujino DC, Hu LT, Takeuchi DT, Zane NW. Community mental health services for ethnic minority groups: A test of the cultural responsiveness hypothesis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 1991;59(4):533–540. [PubMed: 1918557]
  • Suinn RM, Ahuna C, Khoo G. The Suinn-Lew Asian Self-Identity Acculturation Scale: Concurrent and factorial validation. Educational and Psychological Measurement. 1992;52(4):1041–1046.
  • Summers N. Fundamentals of Case Management Practice Skills for the Human Services. 4th ed. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning; 2012.
  • Sussman LK. The role of culture in definitions, interpretations, and management of illness. In: Gielen UP, Fish JM, Draguns JG, editors. Handbook of Culture, Therapy, and Healing. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers; 2004. pp. 37–65.
  • Suzuki LA, Ponterotto JG. Handbook of Multicultural Assessment: Clinical, Psychological, and Educational Applications. 3rd ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 2008.
  • Szaflarski M, Cubbins LA, Ying J. Epidemiology of alcohol abuse among US immigrant populations. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. 2011;13(4):647–658. [PMC free article: PMC3133815] [PubMed: 20882346]
  • Szapocznik J, Kurtines WM, Fernandez T. Bicultural involvement and adjustment in Hispanic-American youths. International Journal of Intercultural Relations. 1980;4:353–365.
  • Szapocznik J, Scopetta MA, Kurtines W, Aranalde MD. Theory and measurement of acculturation. Revista Interamericana de Psicologia. 1978;12:113–130.
  • Szapocznik J, Williams RA. Brief strategic family therapy: Twenty-five years of interplay among theory, research and practice in adolescent behavior problems and drug abuse. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review. 2000;3(2):117–134. [PMC free article: PMC1480650] [PubMed: 11227062]
  • Ta VM, Juon HS, Gielen AC, Steinwachs D, Duggan A. Disparities in use of mental health and substance abuse services by Asian and Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander women. The Journal of Behavior Health Services Research. 2008;35(1):20–36. [PMC free article: PMC2268612] [PubMed: 17647106]
  • Tackett-Gibson M. Scripters and freaks: Knowledge and use of prescription stimulants online. In: Murguâia E, Tackett-Gibson M, Lessem A, editors. Real Drugs in a Virtual World: Drug Discourse and Community Online. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books; 2007. pp. 121–134.
  • Taggart M. Scots-Irish Families. In: McGoldrick M, Giordano J, Garcia-Preto N, editors. Ethnicity and Family Therapy. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; pp. 654–663.
  • Takeuchi DT, Sue S, Yeh M. Return rates and outcomes from ethnicity-specific mental health programs in Los Angeles. American Journal of Public Health. 1995;85(5):638–643. [PMC free article: PMC1615442] [PubMed: 7733422]
  • Takeuchi DT, Zane N, Hong S, Chae DH, Gong F, Gee GC, Walton E, Sue S, Alegria M. Immigration-related factors and mental disorders among Asian Americans. American Journal of Public Health. 2007;97(1):84–90. [PMC free article: PMC1716230] [PubMed: 17138908]
  • Tang WWH, Bigby J. Cultural perspectives on substance abuse. In: Friedman L, Fleming N, Roberts D, Hyman SE, editors. Source Book of Substance Abuse and Addiction. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1996. pp. 41–56.
  • Tann SS, Yabiku ST, Okamoto SK, Yanow J. TRIADD: The risk for alcohol abuse, depression, and diabetes multimorbidity in the American Indian and Alaska Native population. American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research. 2007;14(1):1–23. [PMC free article: PMC3040496] [PubMed: 17602410]
  • Taylor P, Lopez MH, Martínez JH, Velasco G. When Labels Don't Fit: Hispanics and Their Views of Identity. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center; 2012.
  • Taylor RJ, Ellison CG, Chatters LM, Levin JS, Lincoln KD. Mental health services in faith communities: The role of clergy in Black church. Social Work. 2000;45(1):73–87. [PubMed: 10634088]
  • Taylor T. Effective cross-cultural communication in drug abuse intervention among ethnic minority populations. In: Xueqin Ma G, Henderson G, editors. Ethnicity and Substance Abuse: Prevention and Intervention. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher, Ltd.; 2002. pp. 19–37.
  • Telzer EH. Expanding the acculturation gap-distress model: An integrative review of research. Human Development. 2010;53:313–340.
  • The Connecticut Department of Children and Families, Office of Multicultural Affairs. Developing a Multiculturally Competent Service System for an Organization or Program. Hartford, CT: Office of Multicultural Affairs; 2002.
  • The Joint Commission. The Joint Commission 2008 Requirements Related to the Provision of Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Health Care. Oakbrook Terrace, IL: The Joint Commission; 2009.
  • The Mental Health Center of Dane County. Vision & Values for Culturally Competent Services. Madison, WI: Mental Health Center of Dane County; 2009.
  • The Office of Nursing Practice and Professional Services; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health & Faculty of Social Work; University of Toronto. Clinical Supervision Handbook: A Guide for Clinical Supervisors for Addiction and Mental Health. Toronto, Ontario: Centre for Addiction and Mental Health; 2008.
  • Thomas AJ, Schwarzbaum S. Culture & Identity: Life Stories for Counselors and Therapists. 2nd ed. Los Angeles: SAGE; 2011.
  • Thomas TN. Acculturative stress in the adjustment of immigrant families. Journal of Social Distress and the Homeless. 1995;4(2):131–142.
  • Tilburt J, Geller G. Viewpoint: The importance of worldviews for medical education. Academic Medicine. 2007;82(8):819–822. [PubMed: 17762266]
  • Timble JE. Working with North American Indian and Alaska Native clients: Understanding the deep culture within. In: Gallardo ME, Yeh CJ, Timble JE, Parham TA, editors. Culturally Adaptive Counseling Skills. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 2012. pp. 181–200.
  • Timko C, Billow R, Debenedetti A. Determinants of 12-Step group affiliation and moderators of the affiliation-abstinence relationship. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2006;83(2):111–121. [PubMed: 16338102]
  • Tondora J, O'Connell M, Miller R, Dinzeo T, Bellamy C, Andres-Hyman R, Davidson L. A clinical trial of peer-based culturally responsive person-centered care for psychosis for African Americans and Latinos. Clinical Trials. 2010;7(4):368–379. [PMC free article: PMC6120580] [PubMed: 20571133]
  • Tonigan JS. Project MATCH treatment participation and outcome by self-reported ethnicity. Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research. 2003;27(8):1340–1344. [PubMed: 12966335]
  • Tonigan JS, Connors GJ, Miller WR. Special populations in Alcoholics Anonymous. Alcohol Health and Research World. 1998;22(4):281–285. [PMC free article: PMC6761892] [PubMed: 15706756]
  • Topolski JM, Anderson-Harper R. Methamphetamine in Missouri. Jefferson City, MO: Missouri Department of Mental Health; 2004. 2004.
  • Torres JB, Solberg VS, Carlstrom AH. The myth of sameness among Latino men and their machismo. The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. 2002;72(2):163–181. [PubMed: 15792057]
  • Torres LR, Zayas LH, Cabassa LJ, Perez MC. Diagnosing co-occurring substance-related disorders: Agreement between SCID, Hispanic clinicians, and non-Hispanic clinicians. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2007;68(11):1655–1662. [PubMed: 18052558]
  • Torres-Rivera E, Wilbur MP, Roberts-Wilbur J, Phan L. Group work with Latino clients: A psychoeducational model. Journal for Specialists in Group Work. 1999;24(4):383–404.
  • Torsch VL, Ma GX. Cross-cultural comparison of health perceptions, concerns, and coping strategies among Asian and Pacific Islander American elders. Qualitative Health Research. 2000;10(4):471–489. [PubMed: 11010073]
  • Trierweiler SJ, Neighbors HW, Munday C, Thompson EE, Binion VJ, Gomez JP. Clinician attributions associated with the diagnosis of schizophrenia in African American and non-African American patients. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology. 2000;68(1):171–175. [PubMed: 10710852]
  • Trierweiler SJ, Neighbors HW, Munday C, Thompson EE, Jackson JS, Binion VJ. Differences in patterns of symptom attribution in diagnosing schizophrenia between African American and non-African American clinicians. The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. 2006;76(2):154–160. [PubMed: 16719633]
  • Trimble JE, Jumper Thurman P. Ethnocultural considerations and strategies for providing counseling services to Native American Indians. In: Pedersen PB, Draguns JG, Lonner WJ, Trimble JE, editors. Counseling Across Cultures. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 2002. pp. 53–91.
  • Trimble JE, Scharrondel-Rio MR, Hill JS. Ethical considerations in the application of cultural adaptation models with ethnocultural populations. In: Bernal G, Domenech Rodriguez MM, editors. Cultural Adaptations: Tools for Evidence-Based Practice With Diverse Populations. Washington, D.C: American Psychological Association; 2012. pp. 45–67.
  • Tsai CTL. A reflection on cultural conflicts in women's leisure. Leisure Sciences. 2010;32:386–390.
  • Tsai JL, Ying YW, Lee PA. The meaning of “being Chinese” and “being American”: Variation among Chinese American young adults. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 2000;31:302–332.
  • Tseng WS, Streltzer J. Introduction : Culture and psychiatry. In: Tseng WS, Streltzer J, editors. Cultural Competence in Clinical Psychiatry. American Psychiatric Publishing; 2004. pp. 1–20.
  • Tsushima WT, Tsushima VG. Comparison of MMPI-2 validity scales among compensation-seeking Caucasian and Asian American medical patients. Assessment. 2009;16:159–164. [PubMed: 19202125]
  • Uba L. Asian Americans: Personality Patterns, Identity, and Mental Health. New York: Guilford Press; 1994.
  • U.S. Census Bureau. Profiles of General Demographic Characteristics 2000. Washington, DC: 2000 Census of Population and Housing; 2001.
  • U.S. Census Bureau. Table 1: Population by Race and Hispanic or Latino Origin, for all Ages and for 18 Years and Over, for the United States. 2000. Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau; 2001.
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Mental Health: Culture, Race, and Ethnicity A Supplement to Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Mental Health Services; 2001. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 01-3613. [PubMed: 20669516]
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Developing Cultural Competence in Disaster Mental Health Programs: Guiding Principles and Recommendations. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Center for Mental Health Services Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2003. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 3828.
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Eliminating Health Disparities in the American Indian and Alaska Native Community. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2003.
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. To Live To See the Great Day That Dawns: Preventing Suicide by American Indian and Alaska Native Youth and Young Adults. Rockville, MD: Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2010. HHS Publication No. SMA (10)-4480.
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Frequently Asked Questions. Rockville, MD: National Partnership for Action to End Health Disparities; 2011.
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. HHS Action Plan to Reduce Racial and Ethnic Disparities: A Nation Free of Disparities in Health and Health Care. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2011.
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. National Healthcare Disparities Report 2011. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2012. AHRQ Publication No. 12-0006.
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. 2010 Treatment Episode Data Set -- Admissions (TEDS-A). Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research; 2012. ICPSR33261-v1. [distributor]
  • U.S. Department of Justice. Information Bulletin: Drugs, Youth and the Internet. Johnston, PA: National Drug Intelligence Center; 2002.
  • U.S. Department of the Interior Indian Affairs. Indian Affairs: Who We Are. Washington, DC: Department of the Interior; 2013.
  • U.S. Department of the Interior Indian Affairs. Indian Affairs: What We Do. Washington, DC: Department of the Interior; 2013.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. World Drug Report 2008. Vienna, Austria: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime; 2008. United Nations publication Sales No. E.08.XI.1.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. World Drug Report 2012. Vienna, Austria: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime; 2012. United Nations publication Sales No. E.12.XI.1.
  • Urban Indian Health Institute. Reported Health and Health-Influencing Behaviors Among Urban American Indians and Alaska Natives: An Analysis of Data Collected by the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Seattle, WA: Urban Indian Health Institute; 2008.
  • Üstün B, Compton W, Mager D, Babor T, Baiyewu O, Chatterji S, Cottler L, Göğüş A, Mavreas V, Peters L, Pull C, Saunders J, Smeets R, Stipec MR, Vrasti R, Hasin D, Room R, Van den Brink W, Regier D, Blaine J, Grant BF, Sartorius N. WHO study on the reliability and validity of the alcohol and drug use disorder instruments: Overview of methods and results. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 1997;47:161–169. [PubMed: 9306042]
  • Vaeth PA, Caetano R, Rodriguez LA. The Hispanic Americans Baseline Alcohol Survey (HABLAS): The association between acculturation, birthplace and alcohol consumption across Hispanic national groups. Addictive Behaviors. 2012;37(9):1029–1037. [PMC free article: PMC3795416] [PubMed: 22613057]
  • Vaillant GE. The Natural History of Alcoholism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; 1983.
  • van Oers JAM, Bongers IMB, Van de Goor LAM, Garretsen HFL. Alcohol consumption, alcohol-related problems, problem drinking, and socioeconomic status. Alcohol & Alcoholism. 1999;34(1):78–88. [PubMed: 10075406]
  • van Wormer KS. Substance abuse among Americans of British descent. In: Straussner SLA, editor. Ethnocultural Factors in Substance Abuse Treatment. New York: Guilford Press; 2001. pp. 167–179.
  • Vega WA, Canino G, Cao Z, Alegria M. Prevalence and correlates of dual diagnoses in U.S. Latinos. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2009;100(1-2):32–38. [PMC free article: PMC3578213] [PubMed: 19028025]
  • Vega WA, Kolody B, Aguilar-Gaxiola S. Help seeking for mental health problems among Mexican Americans. Journal of Immigrant Health. 2001;3(3):133–140. [PubMed: 16228778]
  • Vega WA, Sribney WM, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Kolody B. 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders among Mexican Americans: Nativity, social assimilation, and age determinants. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 2004;192(8):532–541. [PubMed: 15387155]
  • Vega WA, Zimmerman RS, Warheit GJ, Apospori E, Gil AG. Risk factors for early adolescent drug use in four ethnic and racial groups. In: Organista PB, Chun KM, Marin G, editors. Readings in Ethnic Psychology. New York: Routledge; 1998. pp. 178–187.
  • Velasquez RJ, Chavira DA, Karle HR, Callahan WJ, Garcia JA, Castellanos J. Assessing bilingual and monolingual Latino students with translations of the MMPI-2: Initial data. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology. 2000;6:65–72. [PubMed: 10975168]
  • Velez-Blasini CJ. A cross-cultural comparison of alcohol expectancies in Puerto Rico and the United States. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors. 1997;11(2):124–141.
  • Venner KL, Feldstein SW. Natural history of alcohol dependence and remission events for a Native American sample. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 2006;67(5):675–684. [PMC free article: PMC2911362] [PubMed: 16847535]
  • Venner KL, Feldstein SW, Tafoya N. Native American Motivational Interviewing: Weaving Native American and Western Practices. A Manual for Counselors in Native American Communities. Albuquerque, NM: Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse and Addictions (CASAA); 2006.
  • Venner KL, Greenfield BL, Vicuña B, Muñoz R, Bhatt S, O'Keefe V. “I'm not one of them”: Barriers to help-seeking among American Indians with alcohol dependence. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology. 2012;18(4):352–362. [PubMed: 22985245]
  • Villanueva M, Tonigan JS, Miller WR. Response of Native American clients to three treatment methods for alcohol dependence. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse. 2007;6(2):41–48. [PubMed: 18192203]
  • Volk RJ, Steinbauer JR, Cantor SB, Holzer CE III. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) as a screen for at-risk drinking in primary care patients of different racial/ethnic backgrounds. Addiction. 1997;92:197–206. [PubMed: 9158231]
  • Wahl AMG, Eitle TM. Gender, acculturation and alcohol use among Latina/o adolescents: A multi-ethnic comparison. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. 2010;12(2):153–165. [PMC free article: PMC2840176] [PubMed: 18807187]
  • Wallace PM, Pomery EA, Latimer AE, Martinez JL, Salovey P. A review of acculturation measures and their utility in studies promoting Latino health. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences. 2010;32(1):37–54. [PMC free article: PMC2891555] [PubMed: 20582238]
  • Walton MA, Blow FC, Booth BM. Diversity in relapse prevention needs: gender and race comparisons among substance abuse treatment patients. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 2001;27(2):225–240. [PubMed: 11417937]
  • Ward CA. The ABCs of acculturation: Implications for counselors. In: Pedersen PB, Draguns JG, Lonner WJ, Trimble JE, editors. Counseling Across Cultures. 6th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 2008. pp. 291–306.
  • Warren JI, Stein JA, Grella CE. Role of social support and self-efficacy in treatment outcomes among clients with co-occurring disorders. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2007;89(2-3):267–274. [PMC free article: PMC2753536] [PubMed: 17329040]
  • Washington State Department of Social & Health Services. Cultural Competence Planning Guide: Cultural Competence Workgroup 2011–2014. Olympia, WA: Department of Social & Health Services; 2011.
  • Watkins WC, Ford JA. Prescription drug misuse among Asian-American adults: Results from a national survey. Substance Use & Misuse. 2011;46(13):1700–1708. [PubMed: 21877940]
  • Watt TT. The race/ethnic age crossover effect in drug use and heavy drinking. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse. 2008;7(1):93–114. [PubMed: 19842303]
  • Weaver H. The challenges of research in Native American communities: Incorporating principles of cultural competence. Journal of Social Service Research. 1997;12(3-4):1–29.
  • Weisner C, Delucchi K, Matzger H, Schmidt L. The role of community services and informal support on five-year drinking trajectories of alcohol dependent and problem drinkers. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 2003;64(6):862–873. [PubMed: 14743951]
  • Weiss BD. Removing Barriers To Better, Safer Care—Health Literacy and Patient Safety: Help Patients Understand Manual for Clinicians. Chicago: American Medical Association Foundation; 2007. Interpersonal communication; pp. 31–34.
  • Weller CE, Ajinkya J, Farrell J. The State of Communities of Color in the U.S. Economy: Still Feeling the Pain Three Years Into the Recovery. Washington, DC: Center for American Progress; 2012.
  • Wells K, Klap R, Koike A, Sherbourne C. Ethnic disparities in unmet need for alcoholism, drug abuse, and mental health care. The American Journal of Psychiatry. 2001;158(12):2027–2032. [PubMed: 11729020]
  • Wells R. Selected Results From the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System for Alaska Natives 2001–2003. Anchorage, AK: Alaska Native Health Board; 2004.
  • Westermeyer J. Alcoholism and comorbid psychiatric disorders among American Indians. American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research. 2001;10(2):27–51. [PubMed: 11698982]
  • Whaley AL, Davis KE. Cultural competence and evidence-based practice in mental health services: a complementary perspective. The American Psychologist. 2007;62(6):563–574. [PubMed: 17874897]
  • Whaley AL, Longoria RA. Assessing cultural competence readiness in community mental health centers: A multidimensional scaling analysis. Psychological Services. 2008;5(2):169–183.
  • Whatley PR, Allen J, Dana RH. Racial identity and the MMPI in African American male college students. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology. 2003;9:345–353. [PubMed: 14609365]
  • Whealin JM, Ruzek J. Program evaluation for organizational cultural competence in mental health practices. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice. 2008;39(3):320–328.
  • Whitbeck LB, Chen X, Hoyt DR, Adams GW. Discrimination, historical loss and enculturation: Culturally specific risk and resiliency factors for alcohol abuse among American Indians. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 2004;65(4):409–418. [PubMed: 15376814]
  • White K, Clayton R, Arndt S. Culturally Competent Substance Abuse Treatment Project: Annual Report. Iowa City, IA: Iowa Consortium for Substance Abuse Research and Evaluation; 2009. Iowa Department of Public Health (Contract # 5888CP43)
  • White W, Sanders M. Recovery Management and People of Color: Redesigning Addiction Treatment for Historically Disempowered Communities. Chicago: Behavioral Health Recovery Management; 2004.
  • White WA, Kurtz E. Linking Addiction Treatment and Communities of Recovery: A Primer for Addiction Counselors, Recovery Coaches and the Recovery Community. Pittsburgh, PA: Institute for Research, Education and Training in Addictions; 2006.
  • White WL. Drugs in Perspective. Rockville, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse; 1979. Themes in chemical prohibition; pp. 117–182.
  • White WL. Pathways: From the Culture of Addiction to the Culture of Recovery. A Travel Guide for Addiction Professionals. 2nd ed. Center City, MN: Hazelden; 1996.
  • White WL. Slaying the Dragon: The History of Addiction Treatment and Recovery in America. Bloomington, IL: Chestnut Health Systems; 1998.
  • White WL. The history of recovered people as wounded healers: II. The era of professionalization and specialization. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly. 2000;18(2):1–25.
  • White Bison Inc. The Red Road to Wellbriety: In the Native American Way. Colorado Springs, CO: White Bison, Inc.; 2002.
  • Whitebread CH. The History of the Non-Medical Use of Drugs in the United States. Los Angeles: University of Southern California Law School; 1995.
  • Whitesell NR, Beals J, Mitchell CM, Novins DK, Spicer P, Manson SM. Latent class analysis of substance use: Comparison of two American Indian reservation populations and a national sample. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 2006;67(1):32–43. [PubMed: 16536127]
  • Whitley R. Religious competence as cultural competence. Transcultural Psychiatry. 2012;49(2):245–260. [PMC free article: PMC4230460] [PubMed: 22421686]
  • Wiebe JS, Penley JA. A psychometric comparison of the Beck Depression Inventory-II in English and Spanish. Psychological Assessment. 2005;17:481–485. [PubMed: 16393015]
  • Wiechelt SA, Gryczynski J, Johnson JL, Caldwell D. Historical trauma among urban American Indians: Impact on substance abuse and family cohesion. Journal of Loss and Trauma. 2012;17:319–336.
  • Wijeyesinghe C, Jackson BW. New Perspectives on Racial Identity Development: Integrating Emerging Frameworks. 2nd ed. New York: New York University Press; 2012.
  • Wilcox DM. Alcoholic Thinking: Language, Culture, and Belief in Alcoholics Anonymous. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers/Greenwood Publishing Group; 1998.
  • Williams DR, Williams-Morris R. Racism and Mental Health: The African American experience. Ethnicity & Health. 2000;5(3-4):243–268. [PubMed: 11105267]
  • Williams EE, Ellison F. Culturally informed social work practice with American Indian clients: Guidelines for non-Indian social workers. Social Work. 1996;41(2):147–151. [PubMed: 8851354]
  • Williams MT, Domanico J, Marques L, Leblanc NJ, Turkheimer E. Barriers to treatment among African Americans with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders. 2012;26(4):555–563. [PMC free article: PMC3361244] [PubMed: 22410094]
  • Williams TM. Crackhouse: Notes From the End of the Line. New York: Penguin Books; 1992.
  • Winawer H, Wetzel NA. German families. In: McGoldrick M, Giordano J, Garcia-Preto N, editors. Ethnicity and Family Therapy. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2005. pp. 555–572.
  • Wing JK, Sartorius N, Üstün TB, editors. Diagnosis and Clinical Measurement in Psychiatry: A Reference Manual for SCAN. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1998.
  • Wong EC, Beutler LE, Zane NW. Using mediators and moderators to test assumptions underlying culturally sensitive therapies: An exploratory example. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology. 2007;13(2):169–177. [PubMed: 17500606]
  • Wong FY, Huang ZJ, Thompson EE, De Leon JM, Shah MS, Park RJ, Do TD. Substance use among a sample of foreign- and U.S.-born Southeast Asians in an urban setting. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse. 2007;6(1):45–66. [PubMed: 17430816]
  • Woody GE, McLellan AT, Luborsky L, O'Brien CP. Twelve-month followup of psychotherapy for opiate dependence. The American Journal of Psychiatry. 1987;144(5):590–596. [published erratum appears in The American Journal of Psychiatry, 1989. Dec;146(12):1651] [PubMed: 3578568]
  • Woody GE, McLellan AT, Luborsky L, O'Brien CP. Psychotherapy in community methadone programs: A validation study. The American Journal of Psychiatry. 1995;152(9):1302–1308. [PubMed: 7653685]
  • Worby PA, Organista KC. Alcohol use and problem drinking among male Mexican and Central American immigrant laborers: A review of the literature. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences. 2007;29(4):413–455.
  • World Health Organization. Management of Substance Abuse: Facts and Figures. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2009.
  • Worrell FC, Cross WE Jr., Vandiver BJ. Nigrescence theory: Current status challenges for the future. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development. 2001;29:201–213.
  • Wright EM. Substance abuse in African American communities. In: Straussner SLA, editor. Ethnocultural Factors in Substance Abuse Treatment. New York: Guilford Press; 2001. pp. 31–51.
  • Xie Y, Greenman E. Segmented Assimilation Theory: A Reformulation and Empirical Test. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Population Studies Center; 2005. Research Report 05-581.
  • Yamada AM, Marsella AJ, Yamada SY. The development of the Ethnocultural Identity Behavioral Index: Psychometric properties and validation with Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders. Asian American and Pacific Islander Journal of Health. 1998;6:35–45. [PubMed: 11567401]
  • Yamamoto J, Acosta FX. Treatment of Asian-Americans and Hispanic Americans: Similarities and differences. Journal of the Academy of Psychoanalysis. 1982;10:585–607. [PubMed: 7174398]
  • Yang MJ. The Chinese drinking problem: A review of the literature and its implication in a cross-cultural study. Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences. 2002;18(11):543–550. [PubMed: 12513016]
  • Yang PQ. Ethnic Studies: Issues and Approaches. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press; 2000.
  • Yeung A, Neault N, Sonawalla S, Howarth S, Fava M, Nierenberg AA. Screening for major depression in Asian-Americans: A comparison of the Beck and the Chinese Depression Inventory. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 2002;105:252–257. [PubMed: 11942928]
  • Yu J, Warner LA. Substance abuse treatment readmission patterns of Asian Americans: comparisons with other ethnic groups. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 2013;39(1):23–27. [PubMed: 22783932]
  • Yudko E, Lozhkina O, Fouts A. A comprehensive review of the psychometric properties of the Drug Abuse Screening Test. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 2007;32:189–198. [PubMed: 17306727]
  • Zane N, Mak W. Major approaches to the measurement of acculturation among ethnic minority populations: A content analysis and an alternative empirical strategy. In: Chun KM, Balls-Organista P, Marin G, editors. Acculturation: Advances in Theory, Measurement, and Applied Research. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2003. pp. 39–60.
  • Zea MC, Asner-Self KK, Birman D, Buki LP. The Abbreviated Multidimensional Acculturation Scale: Empirical validation with two Latino/Latina samples. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology. 2003;9(2):107–126. [PubMed: 12760324]
  • Zemore SE. Re-examining whether and why acculturation relates to drinking outcomes in a rigorous, national survey of Latinos. Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research. 2005;29(12):2144–2153. [PubMed: 16385184]
  • Zemore SE, Kaskutas LA. Helping, spirituality and Alcoholics Anonymous in recovery. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 2004;65(3):383–391. [PubMed: 15222595]
  • Zhang AY, Snowden LR, Sue S. Differences between Asian and White Americans' help seeking and utilization patterns in the Los Angeles area. Journal of Community Psychology. 1998;26(4):317–326.
  • Zhang W. American counseling in the mind of a Chinese counselor. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development. 1994;22:79–85.
  • Zhang Y, Young D, Lee S, Li L, Zhang H, Xiao Z, Hao W, Feng Y, Zhou H, Chang DF. Chinese Taoist cognitive psychotherapy in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder in contemporary China. Transcultural Psychiatry. 2002;39(1):115–129.
  • Zheng Y, Lin KM. Comparison of the Chinese Depression Inventory and the Chinese version of the Beck Depression Inventory. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 1991;84:531–536. [PubMed: 1792927]
  • Zuckerman M. Some dubious premises in research and theory on racial differences. In: Balls-Organista P, Chun KM, Marin G, editors. Readings in Ethnic Psychology. New York: Routledge; 1998. pp. 59–69.

Views

  • PubReader
  • Print View
  • Cite this Page
  • PDF version of this title (4.2M)

Related information

  • PMC
    PubMed Central citations
  • PubMed
    Links to PubMed

Recent Activity

Your browsing activity is empty.

Activity recording is turned off.

Turn recording back on

See more...