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WHO recommendations: Intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018.

Cover of WHO recommendations: Intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience

WHO recommendations: Intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience.

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Acronyms and abbreviations

ABO

adverse birth outcome

aOR

adjusted odds ratio

CERQual

Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research

CI

confidence interval

cRCT

cluster randomized controlled trial

CTG

cardiotocography

DOI

declaration of interest

EB

evidence base

EtD

evidence-to-decision

FHR

fetal heart rate

FIGO

International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics

GBS

group B streptococcus

GDG

Guideline Development Group

GRADE

Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation

GRC

Guidelines Review Committee

GREAT

Guideline-driven, Research priorities, Evidence synthesis, Application of evidence, and Transfer of knowledge

HIC

high-income country

HIE

hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy

HIV

human immunodeficiency virus

HRP

UNDP-UNFPA-UNICEF-WHO-World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction

IA

intermittent auscultation

ICM

International Confederation of Midwives

IM

intramuscular

IV

intravenous

LMIC

low- and middle-income country

MCA

Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health (at WHO)

MD

mean difference

MLCC

midwife-led continuity of care

NGO

nongovernmental organization

OASI

obstetric anal sphincter injury

OMBU

on-site midwife-led birthing unit

OR

odds ratio

PCA

patient-controlled analgesia

PCG

Pregnancy and Childbirth Group (of the Cochrane Collaboration)

PICO

population (P), intervention (I), comparator (C), outcome (O)

PMNCH

The Partnership for Maternal, Newborn & Child Health

PPH

postpartum haemorrhage

RCOG

Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists

RCT

randomized controlled trial

RHR

Department of Reproductive Health and Research (at WHO)

RMC

respectful maternity care

RR

risk ratio

SMD

standardized mean difference

TWG

Technical Working Group

UNFPA

United Nations Population Fund

UNICEF

United Nations Children's Fund

USA

United States of America

USAID

United States Agency for International Development

WHO

World Health Organization

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Bookshelf ID: NBK513806

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