- 1.
Interim policy on collaborative TB/HIV activities. 1st ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2004. [
PubMed: 14746111]
- 2.
The Stop TB strategy: building on and enhancing DOTS to meet the TB-related Millennium Development Goals. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2006.
- 3.
Priority interventions: HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment and care in the health sector. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
- 4.
The treatment 20 framework for action: catalysing the next phase of treatment, care and support. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2011.
- 5.
Report of a “lessons learnt” workshop on the six proTEST pilot projects in Malawi, South Africa and Zambia. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2004.
- 6.
Okot-Chono R, et al. Health system barriers affecting the implementation of collaborative TB-HIV services in Uganda.
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 2009;13(8):955–961. [
PubMed: 19723374]
- 7.
Guidelines for surveillance of drug resistance in tuberculosis. 4th ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2009.
- 8.
Tuberculosis prevalence surveys: a handbook. 2nd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
- 9.
Strengthening health systems to improve heatlh outcomes: WHO's framework for action. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2007.
- 10.
Legido-Quigley H, et al. Integrating tuberculosis and HIV services in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review [background paper]. Montreux. First Global Symposium on health systems research; 2010.
- 11.
Guidelines for intensified tuberculosis case-finding and isoniazid preventive therapy for people living with HIV in resource-constrained settings. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
- 12.
Bygrave H, Trivino L, Makakole L. TB/HIV integration: lessons learned from implementation of a TB/HIV “one stop shop” at primary health care clinics in rural Lesotho. Vienna. 18th International AIDS Conference; 2010.
- 13.
Brown C, et al. TB and HIV service integration within a South African primary health care setting reduces the time to ART initiation without negatively impacting TB outcomes. Boston. 18th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections; 2011.
- 14.
Management of collaborative TB/HIV activities: training for managers at the national and subnational levels. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2005.
- 15.
Datiko DG, Lindtjorn B. Health extension workers improve tuberculosis case detection and treatment success in southern Ethiopia: a community randomized trial.
PLoS ONE. 2009;4(5):e5443. [
PMC free article: PMC2678194] [
PubMed: 19424460]
- 16.
Corbett EL, et al. Comparison of two active case-finding strategies for community-based diagnosis of symptomatic smear-positive tuberculosis and control of infectious tuberculosis in Harare, Zimbabwe (DETECTB): a cluster-randomised trial.
Lancet. 2010;376(9748):1244–1253. [
PMC free article: PMC2956882] [
PubMed: 20923715]
- 17.
Lugada E, et al. Comparison of home and clinic-based HIV testing among household members of persons taking antiretroviral therapy in Uganda: results from a randomized trial.
JAIDS. 2010;55(2):245–52. [
PubMed: 20714273]
- 18.
Miti S, et al. Integration of tuberculosis treatment in a community-based home care programme for persons living with HIV/AIDS in Ndola, Zambia.
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 2003;7(9 Suppl 1):S92–98. [
PubMed: 12971660]
- 19.
Wandwalo E, et al. Collaboration between the national tuberculosis programme and a non governmental organisation in TB/HIV care at a district level: experience from Tanzania.
African Health Sciences. 2004;4(2):109–114. [
PMC free article: PMC2141621] [
PubMed: 15477189]
- 20.
Sinanovic E, et al. Cost and cost-effectiveness of community-based care for tuberculosis in Cape Town, South Africa.
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 2003;7(9 Suppl 1):S56–62. [
PubMed: 12971655]
- 21.
Okello D, et al. Cost and cost-effectiveness of community-based care for tuberculosis patients in rural Uganda.
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 2003;7(9 Suppl 1):S72–9. [
PubMed: 12971657]
- 22.
Creese A, et al. Cost-effectiveness of HIV/AIDS interventions in Africa: a systematic review of the evidence.
Lancet. 2002;359(9318):1635–1643. [
PubMed: 12020523]
- 23.
Promoting the implementation of collaborative TB/HIV activities through public-private mix and partnerships: report of a WHO consultation 27-28 February 2008 WHO headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland Organization. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008.
- 24.
Kali PB, et al. Combining PMTCT with active case finding for tuberculosis.
JAIDS. 2006;42(3):379–381. [
PubMed: 16645548]
- 25.
Gupta A, et al. Maternal tuberculosis: a risk factor for mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus.
Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2011;203(3):358–363. [
PMC free article: PMC3071111] [
PubMed: 21208928]
- 26.
Swaminathan S, Rekha B. Pediatric tuberculosis: global overview and challenges.
Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2010;50 Suppl 3:S184–194. [
PubMed: 20397947]
- 27.
Revised BCG vaccination guidelines for infants at risk for HIV infection.
Weekly Epidemiological Record. 2007;(82):193–196. [
PubMed: 17526121]
- 28.
Guidance for national tuberculosis and HIV programmes on the management of tuberculosis in HIV-infected children: recommendations for a public health approach. Paris: International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease; 2010.
- 29.
Getahun H, et al. HIV infection-associated tuberculosis: the epidemiology and the response.
Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2010;50 Suppl 3:S201–207. [
PubMed: 20397949]
- 30.
Sculier D, Getahun H, Lienhardt C. Improving the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of TB among people living with HIV: the role of operational research.
Journal of the International AIDS Society. 2011;14(Suppl 1):S5. [
PMC free article: PMC3194150] [
PubMed: 21967874]
- 31.
Priority research questions for TB/HIV in HIV-prevalent and resource-limited settings. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
- 32.
A guide to monitoring and evaluation for collaborative TB/HIV activities. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2009.
- 33.
Three interlinked patient monitoring systems for HIV care/ART, MCH/PMTCT, and TB/HIV: standardized minimum data set and illustrative tools. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
- 34.
Martinot A, et al. Baseline assessment of collaborative tuberculosis/HIV activities in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Tropical Doctor. 2008;38(3):137–141. [
PubMed: 18628533]
- 35.
Gunneberg C, et al. Global monitoring of collaborative TB-HIV activities.
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 2008;12(3 Suppl 1):2–7. [
PubMed: 18302815]
- 36.
Ayles H, et al. Prevalence of tuberculosis, HIV and respiratory symptoms in two Zambian communities: implications for tuberculosis control in the era of HIV.
PLoS ONE. 2009;4(5):e5602. [
PMC free article: PMC2680044] [
PubMed: 19440346]
- 37.
Wood R, et al. Undiagnosed tuberculosis in a community with high HIV prevalence: implications for tuberculosis control.
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 2007;175(1):87–93. [
PMC free article: PMC1899262] [
PubMed: 16973982]
- 38.
Getahun H, et al. Development of a standardized screening rule for tuberculosis in people living with HIV in resource-constrained settings: individual participant data meta-analysis of observational studies.
PLoS Medicine. 2011;8(1) [
PMC free article: PMC3022524] [
PubMed: 21267059]
- 39.
Improving the diagnosis and treatment of smear-negative pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis among adults and adolescents: recommendations for HIV-prevalent and resource-constrained settings. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2007.
- 40.
Roadmap for rolling out Xpert MTB/RIF for rapid diagnosis of TB and MDR-TB. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
- 41.
Treatment of tuberculosis: guidelines. 4th ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2009. [
PubMed: 23741786]
- 42.
Antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection in adults and adolescents: recommendations for a public health approach. 2010 revision. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010. [
PubMed: 23741771]
- 43.
- 44.
Charalambous S, et al. Association of isoniazid preventive therapy with lower early mortality in individuals on antiretroviral therapy in a workplace programme.
AIDS. 2010;24(Suppl 5):S5–13. [
PMC free article: PMC3724406] [
PubMed: 21079429]
- 45.
Durovni B, et al. Impact of tuberculosis screening and isoniazid preventive therapy on incidence of TB and death in the TB/HIV in Rio de Janeiro (THrio) study. Rome. 6th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention; 2011.
- 46.
Samandari T, et al. 6-month versus 36-month isoniazid preventive treatment for tuberculosis in adults with HIV infection in Botswana: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Lancet. 2011;377(9777):1588–1598. [
PubMed: 21492926]
- 47.
- 48.
Lawn SD, Kranzer K, Wood R. Antiretroviral therapy for control of the HIV-associated tuberculosis epidemic in resource-limited settings.
Clinics in Chest Medicine. 2009;30(4):685–699. [
PMC free article: PMC2887494] [
PubMed: 19925961]
- 49.
- 50.
- 51.
Golub JE, et al. The impact of antiretroviral therapy and isoniazid preventive therapy on tuberculosis incidence in HIV-infected patients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
AIDS. 2007;21(11):1441–1448. [
PMC free article: PMC3063947] [
PubMed: 17589190]
- 52.
- 53.
Golub JE, et al. Long-term effectiveness of diagnosing and treating latent tuberculosis infection in a cohort of HIV-infected and at-risk injection drug users.
JAIDS. 2008;49(5):532–537. [
PMC free article: PMC2637943] [
PubMed: 18989223]
- 54.
- 55.
- 56.
Miles SH. HIV in insurgency forces in sub-Saharan Africa: a personal view of policies.
International Journal of STD & AIDS. 2003;14(3):174–178. [
PubMed: 12665439]
- 57.
Joint WHO/ILO policy guidelines on improving health worker access to prevention and care services for HIV and TB. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010. [
PubMed: 26180899]
- 58.
WHO policy on TB infection control in health-care facilities, congregate settings and households. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2009. [
PubMed: 24432438]
- 59.
Odhiambo J, et al. Provider-initiated HIV testing and counselling for TB patients and suspects in Nairobi, Kenya.
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 2008;12(3 Suppl 1):63–68. [
PubMed: 18302825]
- 60.
Srikantiah P, et al. Elevated HIV seroprevalence and risk behavior among Ugandan TB suspects: implications for HIV testing and prevention.
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 2007;11(2):168–174. [
PMC free article: PMC2846511] [
PubMed: 17263287]
- 61.
Suggaravetsiri P, et al. Integrated counseling and screening for tuberculosis and HIV among household contacts of tuberculosis patients in an endemic area of HIV infection: Chiang Rai, Thailand.
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 2003;7(12 Suppl 3):S424–431. [
PubMed: 14677833]
- 62.
Guidelines for couples HIV testing and counselling. Geneva: World Health Organizion; 2012. [in press]
- 63.
Delivering HIV test results and messages for re-testing and counselling in adults. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010. [
PubMed: 26269878]
- 64.
Policy requirements for HIV testing and counselling of infants and young children in health facilities. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
- 65.
Antiretroviral drugs for treating pregnant women and preventing HIV infections in infants: recommendations for a public health approach. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
- 66.
Policy guidelines for collaborative TB and HIV services for injecting and other drug users: an integrated approach. Geneva: World Health Organization, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS; 2008. [
PubMed: 26447262]
- 67.
- 68.
Shetty PV, et al. Cross-referral between voluntary HIV counselling and testing centres and TB services, Maharashtra, India, 2003-2004.
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 2008;12(3 Suppl 1):26–31. [
PubMed: 18302819]
- 69.
- 70.
Sangani P, Rutherford G, Wilkinson D. Population-based interventions for reducing sexually transmitted infections, including HIV infection.
Cochrane Reviews. 2004;(2):CD001220. [
PubMed: 15106156]
- 71.
Newell ML, Barnighausen T. Male circumcision to cut HIV risk in the general population.
Lancet. 2007;369(9562):617–619. [
PubMed: 17321292]
- 72.
Kennedy CE, et al. Behavioural interventions for HIV positive prevention in developing countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2010;88(8):615–623. [
PMC free article: PMC2908966] [
PubMed: 20680127]
- 73.
Attia S, et al. Sexual transmission of HIV according to viral load and antiretroviral therapy: systematic review and meta-analysis.
AIDS. 2009;23(11):1397–1404. [
PubMed: 19381076]
- 74.
- 75.
Nunn AJ, et al. Role of co-trimoxazole prophylaxis in reducing mortality in HIV infected adults being treated for tuberculosis: randomised clinical trial.
BMJ. 2008;337:a257. [
PMC free article: PMC2656923] [
PubMed: 18617486]
- 76.
Wiktor SZ, et al. Efficacy of trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole prophylaxis to decrease morbidity and mortality in HIV-1-infected patients with tuberculosis in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire: a randomised controlled trial.
Lancet. 1999;353(9163):1469–1475. [
PubMed: 10232312]
- 77.
Zachariah R, et al. Voluntary counselling, HIV testing and sexual behaviour among patients with tuberculosis in a rural district of Malawi.
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 2003;7(1):65–71. [
PubMed: 12701837]
- 78.
Chimzizi RB, et al. Counselling, HIV testing and adjunctive cotrimoxazole for TB patients in Malawi: from research to routine implementation.
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 2004;8(8):938–944. [
PubMed: 15305474]
- 79.
Mwaungulu FB, et al. Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis reduces mortality in human immunodeficiency virus-positive tuberculosis patients in Karonga District, Malawi.
Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2004;82(5):354–363. [
PMC free article: PMC2622842] [
PubMed: 15298226]
- 80.
Malamba SS, et al. Effect of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis taken by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons on the selection of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine-resistant malaria parasites among HIV-uninfected household members.
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2006;75(3):375–380. [
PubMed: 16968909]
- 81.
Guidance on ethics of tuberculosis prevention, care and control. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
- 82.
- 83.
- 84.
- 85.
Torok ME, et al. Timing of initiation of antiretroviral therapy in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated tuberculous meningitis.
Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2011;52(11):1374–1383. [
PMC free article: PMC4340579] [
PubMed: 21596680]
- 86.
Manosuthi W, et al. A randomized trial comparing plasma drug concentrations and efficacies between 2 nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor-based regimens in HIV-infected patients receiving rifampicin: the N2R study.
Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2009;48(12):1752–1759. [
PubMed: 19438397]
- 87.
Boulle A, et al. Outcomes of nevirapine- and efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy when coadministered with rifampicin-based antitubercular therapy.
JAMA. 2008;300(5):530–539. [
PubMed: 18677025]
- 88.
Shipton LK, et al. Safety and efficacy of nevirapine- and efavirenz-based antiretroviral treatment in adults treated for TB-HIV co-infection in Botswana.
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 2009;13(3):360–366. [
PMC free article: PMC2696339] [
PubMed: 19275797]
- 89.
Nijland HM, et al. High incidence of adverse events in healthy volunteers receiving rifampicin and adjusted doses of lopinavir/ritonavir tablets.
AIDS. 2008;22(8):931–935. [
PubMed: 18453852]
- 90.
The Global Plan to Stop TB 2011-2015: transforming the fight towards elimination of tuberculosis. Geneva: World Health Organization and Stop TB Partnership; 2010.
- 91.
Towards universal access: scaling up priority HIV/AIDS interventions in the health sector Progress report 2010. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
- 92.
Getahun H, Scano F, Nunn P. Implementation of collaborative tuberculosis/HIV activities: policy and programme issues. In: Schaaf HS, et al., editors. Tuberculosis: a comprehensive clinical reference. Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier; 2009.
