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NM_006218.4(PIK3CA):c.1624G>A (p.Glu542Lys) AND PIK3CA related overgrowth syndrome

Germline classification:
Pathogenic (1 submission)
Last evaluated:
Nov 3, 2023
Review status:
1 star out of maximum of 4 stars
criteria provided, single submitter
Somatic classification
of clinical impact:
None
Review status:
(0/4) 0 stars out of maximum of 4 stars
no assertion criteria provided
Somatic classification
of oncogenicity:
None
Review status:
(0/4) 0 stars out of maximum of 4 stars
no assertion criteria provided
Record status:
current
Accession:
RCV003458190.2

Allele description [Variation Report for NM_006218.4(PIK3CA):c.1624G>A (p.Glu542Lys)]

NM_006218.4(PIK3CA):c.1624G>A (p.Glu542Lys)

Gene:
PIK3CA:phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha [Gene - OMIM - HGNC]
Variant type:
single nucleotide variant
Cytogenetic location:
3q26.32
Genomic location:
Preferred name:
NM_006218.4(PIK3CA):c.1624G>A (p.Glu542Lys)
Other names:
NM_006218.3(PIK3CA):c.1624G>A; NM_006218.4(PIK3CA):c.1624G>A
HGVS:
  • NC_000003.12:g.179218294G>A
  • NG_012113.2:g.74772G>A
  • NM_006218.4:c.1624G>AMANE SELECT
  • NP_006209.2:p.Glu542Lys
  • LRG_310t1:c.1624G>A
  • LRG_310:g.74772G>A
  • NC_000003.11:g.178936082G>A
  • NM_006218.2:c.1624G>A
  • NM_006218.3:c.1624G>A
  • P42336:p.Glu542Lys
  • NM_006218.2:c.1625G>A
Protein change:
E542K; GLU542LYS
Links:
UniProtKB: P42336#VAR_026173; OMIM: 171834.0009; dbSNP: rs121913273
NCBI 1000 Genomes Browser:
rs121913273
Molecular consequence:
  • NM_006218.4:c.1624G>A - missense variant - [Sequence Ontology: SO:0001583]
Functional consequence:
gain_of_function_variant [Sequence Ontology: SO:0002053]

Condition(s)

Name:
PIK3CA related overgrowth syndrome
Synonyms:
PIK3CA related overgrowth spectrum; PIK3CA-associated segmental overgrowth; PIK3CA-Related Segmental Overgrowth
Identifiers:
MONDO: MONDO:1040002; MedGen: C4728213

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Assertion and evidence details

Help
Submission AccessionSubmitterReview Status
(Assertion method)		Clinical Significance
(Last evaluated)		OriginMethodCitations
SCV004176951Clinical Genomics Laboratory, Washington University in St. Louis
criteria provided, single submitter

(ACMG Guidelines, 2015)		Pathogenic
(Nov 3, 2023) 		somaticclinical testing

PubMed (1)
[See all records that cite this PMID]

Help

Summary from all submissions

EthnicityOriginAffectedIndividualsFamiliesChromosomes testedNumber TestedFamily historyMethod
not providedsomaticyesnot providednot providednot providednot providednot providedclinical testing

Citations

PubMed

Standards and guidelines for the interpretation of sequence variants: a joint consensus recommendation of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology.

Richards S, Aziz N, Bale S, Bick D, Das S, Gastier-Foster J, Grody WW, Hegde M, Lyon E, Spector E, Voelkerding K, Rehm HL; ACMG Laboratory Quality Assurance Committee..

Genet Med. 2015 May;17(5):405-24. doi: 10.1038/gim.2015.30. Epub 2015 Mar 5.

PubMed [citation]
PMID:
25741868
PMCID:
PMC4544753

Details of each submission

From Clinical Genomics Laboratory, Washington University in St. Louis, SCV004176951.1

#EthnicityIndividualsChromosomes TestedFamily HistoryMethodCitations
1not providednot providednot providednot providedclinical testing PubMed (1)

Description

A PIK3CA c.1624G>A (p.Glu542Lys) variant was identified at an allelic fraction consistent with somatic origin. This variant has been reported in numerous individuals with PIK3CA-Related Overgrowth Spectrum (PROS) disorders (Yeung KS et al., PMID: 28328134; Rodriguez-Laguna L et al., PMID: 29446767; Mirzaa G et al., PMID: 27631024; Osborn AJ et al., PMID: 25292196; Kurek KC et al., PMID: 22658544; McNulty SN et al., PMID: 31585106; Luks VL et al., PMID: 25681199). The PIK3CA c.1624G>A (p.Glu542Lys) variant has been classified as a pathogenic variant both in a germline and a somatic state by numerous laboratories as well as by an expert panel as a germline pathogenic variant (ClinVar Variation ID: 31944). This variant resides within the helical domain of the p110⍺ catalytic subunit, amino acids 517-694, of PIK3CA that is defined as a critical functional domain and constitutes a mutational hotspot (Madsen R et al., PMID: 30197175; Gymnopoulos M et al., PMID: 17376864). The PIK3CA c.1624G>A (p.Glu542Lys) variant is absent from the general population (gnomAD v.3.1.2), indicating it is not a common variant. Functional studies show that this lysine substitution at codon 542 leads to increased lipid kinase activity of p110a, autonomous phosphorylation of AKT, and oncogenic cellular transformation, indicating that this variant impacts protein function (Gymnopoulos M et al., PMID: 17376864; Ikenoue T et al., PMID: 15930273; Kang S et al., PMID: 15647370). The PIK3CA gene is defined by the ClinGen Brain Malformations Variant Curation Expert Panel as a gene that has a low rate of benign missense variation and where pathogenic missense variants are a common mechanism of disease (Lai A et al., PMID: 35997716). A large number of PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitors are currently under clinical study, in both PROS disorders and cancer (Jin N et al., PMID: 34779417; Venot Q et al., PMID: 29899452; Parker VER et al., PMID: 30270358). Based on an internally-developed protocol informed by the ACMG/AMP guidelines (Richards S et al., PMID: 25741868) and gene-specific practices from the ClinGen Criteria Specification Registry, the PIK3CA c.1624G>A (p.Glu542Lys) variant is classified as pathogenic.

#SampleMethodObservation
OriginAffectedNumber testedTissuePurposeMethodIndividualsAllele frequencyFamiliesCo-occurrences
1somaticyesnot providednot providednot providednot providednot providednot providednot provided

Last Updated: Nov 10, 2024