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CHRM2 cholinergic receptor muscarinic 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 1129, updated on 2-Nov-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
CHRM2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
cholinergic receptor muscarinic 2provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:1951
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000181072 MIM:118493; AllianceGenome:HGNC:1951
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
HM2
Summary
The muscarinic cholinergic receptors belong to a larger family of G protein-coupled receptors. The functional diversity of these receptors is defined by the binding of acetylcholine to these receptors and includes cellular responses such as adenylate cyclase inhibition, phosphoinositide degeneration, and potassium channel mediation. Muscarinic receptors influence many effects of acetylcholine in the central and peripheral nervous system. The muscarinic cholinergic receptor 2 is involved in mediation of bradycardia and a decrease in cardiac contractility. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Biased expression in heart (RPKM 10.8), gall bladder (RPKM 5.9) and 3 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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See CHRM2 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
7q33
Exon count:
7
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 7 NC_000007.14 (136868652..137020213)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 7 NC_060931.1 (138178337..138329898)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 7 NC_000007.13 (136553399..136704960)

Chromosome 7 - NC_000007.14Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105375524 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak6766 silencer Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr7:136464707-136465229 Neighboring gene small nucleolar RNA U13 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr7:136554078-136554840 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC349160 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_97737 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_97763 Neighboring gene microRNA 490 Neighboring gene keratin 8 pseudogene 51 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak6770 silencer Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr7:136765721-136765913 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr7:136778098-136778598 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak6771 silencer Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak6772 silencer Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak6775 silencer Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak6776 silencer Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105375525 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L18 pseudogene 5

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Membrane cholesterol content influences binding properties of muscarinic M2 receptors and differentially impacts activation of second messenger pathways. Michal P, et al. Eur J Pharmacol, 2009 Mar 15. PMID 19374848, Free PMC Article
  2. Association of CHRM2 with IQ: converging evidence for a gene influencing intelligence. Dick DM, et al. Behav Genet, 2007 Mar. PMID 17160701
  3. CHRM2 variation predisposes to personality traits of agreeableness and conscientiousness. Luo X, et al. Hum Mol Genet, 2007 Jul 1. PMID 17468496
  4. Recovery of oligomers and cooperativity when monomers of the M2 muscarinic cholinergic receptor are reconstituted into phospholipid vesicles. Ma AW, et al. Biochemistry, 2007 Jul 3. PMID 17552496
  5. Alcohol dependence with comorbid drug dependence: genetic and phenotypic associations suggest a more severe form of the disorder with stronger genetic contribution to risk. Dick DM, et al. Addiction, 2007 Jul. PMID 17567401

See all (161) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. The C-terminus of the prototypical M2 muscarinic receptor localizes to the mitochondria and regulates cell respiration under stress conditions.
    Title: The C-terminus of the prototypical M2 muscarinic receptor localizes to the mitochondria and regulates cell respiration under stress conditions.
  2. M2 muscarinic receptors negatively modulate cell migration in human glioblastoma cells.
    Title: M2 muscarinic receptors negatively modulate cell migration in human glioblastoma cells.
  3. Deep learning-based classification of breast cancer cells using transmembrane receptor dynamics.
    Title: Deep learning-based classification of breast cancer cells using transmembrane receptor dynamics.
  4. Vibrational spectroscopy analysis of ligand efficacy in human M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M2R).
    Title: Vibrational spectroscopy analysis of ligand efficacy in human M(2) muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M(2)R).
  5. M2 Muscarinic Receptor Activation Impairs Mitotic Progression and Bipolar Mitotic Spindle Formation in Human Glioblastoma Cell Lines.
    Title: M2 Muscarinic Receptor Activation Impairs Mitotic Progression and Bipolar Mitotic Spindle Formation in Human Glioblastoma Cell Lines.
  6. Cross Interaction between M2 Muscarinic Receptor and Notch1/EGFR Pathway in Human Glioblastoma Cancer Stem Cells: Effects on Cell Cycle Progression and Survival.
    Title: Cross Interaction between M2 Muscarinic Receptor and Notch1/EGFR Pathway in Human Glioblastoma Cancer Stem Cells: Effects on Cell Cycle Progression and Survival.
  7. Modeling the allosteric modulation on a G-Protein Coupled Receptor: the case of M2 muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor in complex with LY211960.
    Title: Modeling the allosteric modulation on a G-Protein Coupled Receptor: the case of M2 muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor in complex with LY211960.
  8. Pharmacogenetics of tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia: The role of CHRM1 and CHRM2 muscarinic receptors.
    Title: Pharmacogenetics of tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia: The role of CHRM1 and CHRM2 muscarinic receptors.
  9. Group II muscarinic acetylcholine receptors attenuate hepatic injury via Nrf2/ARE pathway.
    Title: Group II muscarinic acetylcholine receptors attenuate hepatic injury via Nrf2/ARE pathway.
  10. M2 muscarinic receptor displays conformational complexity depending on the nature of ligands.
    Title: Conformational Complexity and Dynamics in a Muscarinic Receptor Revealed by NMR Spectroscopy.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (97)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies new susceptibility loci for migraine.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Identification of heart rate-associated loci and their effects on cardiac conduction and rhythm disorders.
EBI GWAS Catalog

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • FLJ43243, MGC120006, MGC120007

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables arrestin family protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in G protein-coupled serotonin receptor signaling pathway IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in chemical synaptic transmission IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in nervous system development TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in regulation of heart contraction IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in regulation of smooth muscle contraction IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in response to virus IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in asymmetric synapse IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in axon terminus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in cholinergic synapse IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
is_active_in dendrite IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in glutamatergic synapse IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in neuronal cell body IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in plasma membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in postsynaptic membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in presynaptic membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in symmetric synapse IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in synapse IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2
Names
7TM receptor
acetylcholine receptor, muscarinic 2
muscarinic M2 receptor

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_011846.2 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5001..153373
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_405

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_000739.3 → NP_000730.1  muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000730.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC009264, AC020581, KF458615
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS5843.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P08172, Q4VBK6, Q9P1X9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A4D1Q0, Q96RH0
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd15297
    Location:24 → 451
    7tmA_mAChR_M2; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype M2, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

  2. NM_001006626.3 → NP_001006627.1  muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001006627.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC009264, AC020581, KF458615
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS5843.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P08172, Q4VBK6, Q9P1X9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A4D1Q0, Q96RH0
    Related
    ENSP00000384401.1, ENST00000401861.1
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd15297
    Location:24 → 451
    7tmA_mAChR_M2; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype M2, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

  3. NM_001006627.3 → NP_001006628.1  muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001006628.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC009264, AC020581, KF458615
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS5843.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P08172, Q4VBK6, Q9P1X9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A4D1Q0, Q96RH0
    Related
    ENSP00000399745.2, ENST00000445907.6
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd15297
    Location:24 → 451
    7tmA_mAChR_M2; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype M2, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

  4. NM_001006628.3 → NP_001006629.1  muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001006629.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC009264, AC020581, KF458615
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS5843.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P08172, Q4VBK6, Q9P1X9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A4D1Q0, Q96RH0
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd15297
    Location:24 → 451
    7tmA_mAChR_M2; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype M2, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

  5. NM_001006629.3 → NP_001006630.1  muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001006630.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC009264, AC020581, KF458615
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS5843.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P08172, Q4VBK6, Q9P1X9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A4D1Q0, Q96RH0
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd15297
    Location:24 → 451
    7tmA_mAChR_M2; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype M2, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

  6. NM_001006630.2 → NP_001006631.1  muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001006631.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC009264, AC020581, KF458615
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS5843.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P08172, Q4VBK6, Q9P1X9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A4D1Q0, Q96RH0
    Related
    ENSP00000505686.1, ENST00000680005.1
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd15297
    Location:24 → 451
    7tmA_mAChR_M2; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype M2, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

  7. NM_001006631.3 → NP_001006632.1  muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001006632.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC009264, AC020581, KF458615
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS5843.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P08172, Q4VBK6, Q9P1X9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A4D1Q0, Q96RH0
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd15297
    Location:24 → 451
    7tmA_mAChR_M2; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype M2, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

  8. NM_001006632.3 → NP_001006633.1  muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001006633.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC009264, AC020581, KF458615
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS5843.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P08172, Q4VBK6, Q9P1X9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A4D1Q0, Q96RH0
    Related
    ENSP00000319984.5, ENST00000320658.9
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd15297
    Location:24 → 451
    7tmA_mAChR_M2; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype M2, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

  9. NM_001378972.1 → NP_001365901.1  muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC009264, AC020581, KF458615
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS5843.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P08172, Q4VBK6, Q9P1X9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A4D1Q0, Q96RH0
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd15297
    Location:24 → 451
    7tmA_mAChR_M2; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype M2, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

  10. NM_001378973.1 → NP_001365902.1  muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC009264, AC020581, KF458615
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS5843.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P08172, Q4VBK6, Q9P1X9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A4D1Q0, Q96RH0
    Related
    ENSP00000415386.1, ENST00000453373.5
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd15297
    Location:24 → 451
    7tmA_mAChR_M2; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype M2, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000007.14 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    136868652..137020213
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_047419847.1 → XP_047275803.1  muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P08172, Q4VBK6, Q9P1X9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A4D1Q0

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060931.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    138178337..138329898
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054357179.1 → XP_054213154.1  muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P08172, Q4VBK6, Q9P1X9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A4D1Q0

Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

  1. NM_001006633.1: Suppressed sequence

    Description
    NM_001006633.1: This RefSeq was removed because it is now thought that this gene does not encode a protein.
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P08172.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P08172

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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