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Rho rhodopsin [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

Gene ID: 212541, updated on 11-Nov-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
Rhoprovided by MGI
Official Full Name
rhodopsinprovided by MGI
Primary source
MGI:MGI:97914
See related
Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000030324 AllianceGenome:MGI:97914
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Mus musculus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as
Ops; RP4; Opn2; Noerg1
Summary
Predicted to enable 11-cis retinal binding activity; G protein-coupled photoreceptor activity; and spectrin binding activity. Involved in photoreceptor cell maintenance. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including podosome assembly; rod bipolar cell differentiation; and thermotaxis. Located in several cellular components, including rod photoreceptor outer segment; sperm head plasma membrane; and sperm midpiece. Is expressed in several structures, including brain; eye; and heart. Used to study congenital stationary night blindness autosomal dominant 1; retinitis pigmentosa; and retinitis pigmentosa 4. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in congenital stationary night blindness autosomal dominant 1; fundus albipunctatus; night blindness; retinitis pigmentosa; and retinitis pigmentosa 4. Orthologous to human RHO (rhodopsin). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression
Low expression observed in reference dataset See more
Orthologs
human all
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Genomic context

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See Rho in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
6 E3; 6 53.72 cM
Exon count:
8
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 6 NC_000072.7 (115903741..115916999)
108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 6 NC_000072.6 (115926754..115940038)

Chromosome 6 - NC_000072.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene EF-hand calcium binding domain 12 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E2201 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E11332 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr6:115803828-115803937 Neighboring gene methyl-CpG binding domain protein 4 Neighboring gene intraflagellar transport 122 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer mm9_chr6:115895647-115895947 Neighboring gene rhodopsin enhancer region Neighboring gene H1.8 linker histone Neighboring gene plexin D1 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr6:115921305-115921458 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr6:115938993-115939194 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr6:115939698-115939944

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
  • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
  • BioProject: PRJNA66167
  • Publication: PMID 25409824
  • Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Rod photoreceptor loss in Rho-/- mice reduces retinal hypoxia and hypoxia-regulated gene expression. de Gooyer TE, et al. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2006 Dec. PMID 17122148
  2. Defective development of photoreceptor membranes in a mouse model of recessive retinal degeneration. Gross AK, et al. Vision Res, 2006 Dec. PMID 16979686
  3. Xenopus rhodopsin promoter. Identification of immediate upstream sequences necessary for high level, rod-specific transcription. Mani SS, et al. J Biol Chem, 2001 Sep 28. PMID 11333267
  4. Shifting the balance of autophagy and proteasome activation reduces proteotoxic cell death: a novel therapeutic approach for restoring photoreceptor homeostasis. Qiu Y, et al. Cell Death Dis, 2019 Jul 18. PMID 31320609, Free PMC Article
  5. Metabolic Deregulation of the Blood-Outer Retinal Barrier in Retinitis Pigmentosa. Wang W, et al. Cell Rep, 2019 Jul 30. PMID 31365873, Free PMC Article

See all (527) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Rhodopsin mislocalization drives ciliary dysregulation in a novel autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa knock-in mouse model.
    Title: Rhodopsin mislocalization drives ciliary dysregulation in a novel autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa knock-in mouse model.
  2. Light regulation of rhodopsin distribution during outer segment renewal in murine rod photoreceptors.
    Title: Light regulation of rhodopsin distribution during outer segment renewal in murine rod photoreceptors.
  3. Knockout and Replacement Gene Surgery to Treat Rhodopsin-Mediated Autosomal Dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa.
    Title: Knockout and Replacement Gene Surgery to Treat Rhodopsin-Mediated Autosomal Dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa.
  4. Aggregation of rhodopsin mutants in mouse models of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa.
    Title: Aggregation of rhodopsin mutants in mouse models of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa.
  5. Super-resolution mapping in rod photoreceptors identifies rhodopsin trafficking through the inner segment plasma membrane as an essential subcellular pathway.
    Title: Super-resolution mapping in rod photoreceptors identifies rhodopsin trafficking through the inner segment plasma membrane as an essential subcellular pathway.
  6. Microglia Preserve Visual Function in a Mouse Model of Retinitis Pigmentosa with Rhodopsin-P23H Mutant.
    Title: Microglia Preserve Visual Function in a Mouse Model of Retinitis Pigmentosa with Rhodopsin-P23H Mutant.
  7. Rho enhancers play unexpectedly minor roles in Rhodopsin transcription and rod cell integrity.
    Title: Rho enhancers play unexpectedly minor roles in Rhodopsin transcription and rod cell integrity.
  8. Maintenance of optogenetic channel rhodopsin (ChR2) function in aging mice: Implications for pharmacological studies of inhibitory synaptic transmission, quantal content, and calcium homeostasis.
    Title: Maintenance of optogenetic channel rhodopsin (ChR2) function in aging mice: Implications for pharmacological studies of inhibitory synaptic transmission, quantal content, and calcium homeostasis.
  9. Structural abnormalities of retinal pigment epithelial cells in a light-inducible, rhodopsin mutant mouse.
    Title: Structural abnormalities of retinal pigment epithelial cells in a light-inducible, rhodopsin mutant mouse.
  10. Investigating the Role of Rhodopsin F45L Mutation in Mouse Rod Photoreceptor Signaling and Survival.
    Title: Investigating the Role of Rhodopsin F45L Mutation in Mouse Rod Photoreceptor Signaling and Survival.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (78)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC21585, MGC25387

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables 11-cis retinal binding ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
enables G protein-coupled photoreceptor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables G protein-coupled photoreceptor activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
enables metal ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables retinal binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables spectrin binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in G protein-coupled opsin signaling pathway ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in G protein-coupled opsin signaling pathway ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in absorption of visible light ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in cellular response to light stimulus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within cellular response to light stimulus IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within detection of light stimulus IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within detection of temperature stimulus involved in thermoception IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within gene expression IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within microtubule cytoskeleton organization IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within photoreceptor cell maintenance IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in photoreceptor cell maintenance IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in phototransduction IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within phototransduction IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within podosome assembly IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within protein phosphorylation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in red, far-red light phototransduction ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to light intensity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to light stimulus IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within retina development in camera-type eye IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within rod bipolar cell differentiation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within sensory perception of light stimulus IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within thermotaxis IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within visual perception IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in Golgi apparatus ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cell-cell junction IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in membrane ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
located_in photoreceptor disc membrane ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in photoreceptor disc membrane ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
located_in photoreceptor inner segment IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in photoreceptor inner segment ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 PubMed 
located_in photoreceptor inner segment membrane ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in photoreceptor inner segment membrane ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
is_active_in photoreceptor outer segment IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in photoreceptor outer segment IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in photoreceptor outer segment ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 PubMed 
located_in photoreceptor outer segment membrane ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in photoreceptor outer segment membrane ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
located_in rod photoreceptor outer segment IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in sperm head plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in sperm midpiece IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 

General protein information

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Preferred Names
rhodopsin
Names
L opsin
LWS opsin
long wavelength sensitive opsin
opsin 2
red opsin
rod opsin

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_145383.2 → NP_663358.1  rhodopsin

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_663358.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC142099, AK044333, AK164314, BC013125
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS20446.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P15409, Q8K0D8, Q96DZ2
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000032471.7, ENSMUST00000032471.9
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam10413
    Location:3 → 37
    Rhodopsin_N; Amino terminal of the G-protein receptor rhodopsin
    cd15080
    Location:38 → 317
    7tmA_MWS_opsin; medium wave-sensitive opsins, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

  1. NC_000072.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Range
    115903741..115916999
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_006505861.3 → XP_006505924.1  rhodopsin isoform X2

    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam10413
    Location:7 → 27
    Rhodopsin_N; Amino terminal of the G-protein receptor rhodopsin
    cd15080
    Location:28 → 307
    7tmA_MWS_opsin; medium wave-sensitive opsins, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

  2. XM_017321493.1 → XP_017176982.1  rhodopsin isoform X3

    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd15080
    Location:1 → 279
    7tmA_MWS_opsin; medium wave-sensitive opsins, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

  3. XM_006505860.2 → XP_006505923.1  rhodopsin isoform X1

    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam10413
    Location:10 → 33
    Rhodopsin_N; Amino terminal of the G-protein receptor rhodopsin
    cd15080
    Location:34 → 313
    7tmA_MWS_opsin; medium wave-sensitive opsins, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P15409.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P15409

Gene LinkOut

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