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PPP1R16B protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 16B [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 26051, updated on 5-Mar-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
PPP1R16Bprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 16Bprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:15850
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000101445 MIM:613275; AllianceGenome:HGNC:15850
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
TIMAP; ANKRD4
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is membrane-associated and contains five ankyrin repeats, a protein phosphatase-1-interacting domain, and a carboxy-terminal CAAX box domain. Synthesis of the encoded protein is inhibited by transforming growth factor beta-1. The protein may bind to the membrane through its CAAX box domain and may act as a signaling molecule through interaction with protein phosphatase-1. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms that may undergo similar processing to generate mature protein. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]
Expression
Broad expression in lymph node (RPKM 19.5), brain (RPKM 18.4) and 18 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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Location:
20q11.23
Exon count:
12
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 20 NC_000020.11 (38805697..38923024)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 20 NC_060944.1 (40535804..40653075)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 20 NC_000020.10 (37434340..37551667)

Chromosome 20 - NC_000020.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene RN7SK pseudogene 173 Neighboring gene actin related protein 5 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124904902 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:37408141-37408805 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:37409138-37409638 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:37409639-37410139 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:37410633-37411244 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:37411245-37411854 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:37432653-37433515 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:37433516-37434377 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:37434958-37435796 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 12905 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17862 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17863 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:37446609-37447156 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:37447157-37447704 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17864 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17865 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 4490 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17866 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17867 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17868 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17869 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17870 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17871 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:37499114-37499684 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17872 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17873 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17874 Neighboring gene RNA, 7SL, cytoplasmic 116, pseudogene Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:37515241-37515741 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:37521809-37522767 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak4213 silencer Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:37536633-37537132 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:37548997-37549868 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 12907 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17875 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17876 Neighboring gene family with sequence similarity 83 member D Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 12908 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17877 Neighboring gene DEAH-box helicase 35 Neighboring gene nucleophosmin 1 pseudogene 19

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. TIMAP, the versatile protein phosphatase 1 regulator in endothelial cells. Boratkó A, et al. IUBMB Life, 2017 Dec. PMID 29140585
  2. PKC mediated phosphorylation of TIMAP regulates PP1c activity and endothelial barrier function. Boratkó A, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res, 2017 Feb. PMID 27939168
  3. The role of LR-TIMAP/PP1c complex in the occurrence and development of no-reflow. Quan X, et al. EBioMedicine, 2021 Mar. PMID 33639401, Free PMC Article
  4. TIMAP inhibits endothelial myosin light chain phosphatase by competing with MYPT1 for the catalytic protein phosphatase 1 subunit PP1cβ. Wang X, et al. J Biol Chem, 2019 Sep 6. PMID 31315927, Free PMC Article
  5. Regulation of merlin by protein phosphatase 1-TIMAP and EBP50 in endothelial cells. Boratkó A, et al. Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 2017 Jan. PMID 27871951

See all (32) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. TIMAP, a Regulatory Subunit of Protein Phosphatase 1, Inhibits In Vitro Neuronal Differentiation.
    Title: TIMAP, a Regulatory Subunit of Protein Phosphatase 1, Inhibits In Vitro Neuronal Differentiation.
  2. The role of LR-TIMAP/PP1c complex in the occurrence and development of no-reflow.
    Title: The role of LR-TIMAP/PP1c complex in the occurrence and development of no-reflow.
  3. The TIMAP inhibits myosin phosphatase activity in ECs by competing with MYPT1 for PP1cbeta and blocking the PP1cbeta active site.
    Title: TIMAP inhibits endothelial myosin light chain phosphatase by competing with MYPT1 for the catalytic protein phosphatase 1 subunit PP1cβ.
  4. TIMAP is the versatile protein phosphatase 1 regulator in endothelial cells. (Review)
    Title: TIMAP, the versatile protein phosphatase 1 regulator in endothelial cells.
  5. NF2 localizes in nucleus when Ser518 is not phosphorylated, while phosphorylated form is present in cytoplasm and plasma membrane. Data suggest that binding of NF2 to TIMAP and EBP50 is critical in nuclear localization of NF2. (NF2 = neurofibromin 2; TIMAP = TGF-beta-inhibited membrane-associated protein; EBP50 = Ezrin-Radixin-Mosein binding phosphoprotein 50)
    Title: Regulation of merlin by protein phosphatase 1-TIMAP and EBP50 in endothelial cells.
  6. phosphorylation of TIMAP on Ser331 by PKC represents a new mechanism of endothelial barrier regulation, through the inhibition of phospho-ERM dephosphorylation
    Title: PKC mediated phosphorylation of TIMAP regulates PP1c activity and endothelial barrier function.
  7. Results indicate that PKC-phosphorylated ECE-1 is a TIMAP-PP1c substrate and this phosphatase complex has an important role in endothelin-1 production of EC through the regulation of ECE-1 activity.
    Title: TIMAP-protein phosphatase 1-complex controls endothelin-1 production via ECE-1 dephosphorylation.
  8. ROCK phosphorylated eEF1A1 is a novel substrate for TIMAP-PP1 underlining the complex regulatory role of TIMAP in the endothelium.
    Title: Elongation factor-1A1 is a novel substrate of the protein phosphatase 1-TIMAP complex.
  9. TIMAP promotes angiogenesis by suppressing PTEN-mediated Akt inhibition in human glomerular endothelial cells.
    Title: TIMAP promotes angiogenesis by suppressing PTEN-mediated Akt inhibition in human glomerular endothelial cells.
  10. These data confirmed the barrier-protective role of TIMAP
    Title: TIMAP protects endothelial barrier from LPS-induced vascular leakage and is down-regulated by LPS.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (13)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Biological insights from 108 schizophrenia-associated genetic loci.
EBI GWAS Catalog

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • KIAA0823

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables enzyme inhibitor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables myosin phosphatase regulator activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein phosphatase regulator activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in establishment of endothelial barrier IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in establishment of endothelial barrier IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of peptidyl-serine dephosphorylation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of protein dephosphorylation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation involved in sprouting angiogenesis IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of protein dephosphorylation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of filopodium assembly ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of protein dephosphorylation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of sprouting angiogenesis IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cell projection IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in nuclear speck IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
located_in nucleus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 

General protein information

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Preferred Names
protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 16B
Names
CAAX box protein TIMAP
TGF-beta-inhibited membrane-associated protein
ankyrin repeat domain protein 4
ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 4
hTIMAP
protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) subunit 16B

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001172735.3 → NP_001166206.1  protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 16B isoform 2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an in-frame exon in the coding region, as compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) lacks an internal segment, as compared to isoform 1. This isoform (2) may undergo similar processing as isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AB177855, BC152467, HY125679
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS54462.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q96T49
    Related
    ENSP00000362428.1, ENST00000373331.2
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd00204
    Location:71 → 184
    ANK; ankyrin repeats; ankyrin repeats mediate protein-protein interactions in very diverse families of proteins. The number of ANK repeats in a protein can range from 2 to over 20 (ankyrins, for example). ANK repeats may occur in combinations with other ...
    pfam12796
    Location:72 → 164
    Ank_2; Ankyrin repeats (3 copies)
    sd00045
    Location:71 → 98
    ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]

  2. NM_015568.4 → NP_056383.1  protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 16B isoform 1 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_056383.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AB020630, AB177855, BC152467, HY125679
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS13309.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A2RRR6, E9PFS8, O94912, Q5W9G4, Q96T49, Q9NQG4
    Related
    ENSP00000299824.1, ENST00000299824.6
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd00204
    Location:71 → 184
    ANK; ankyrin repeats; ankyrin repeats mediate protein-protein interactions in very diverse families of proteins. The number of ANK repeats in a protein can range from 2 to over 20 (ankyrins, for example). ANK repeats may occur in combinations with other ...
    sd00045
    Location:71 → 98
    ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]
    cl26073
    Location:71 → 301
    Ank_2; Ankyrin repeats (3 copies)

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000020.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    38805697..38923024
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_011528768.4 → XP_011527070.1  protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 16B isoform X1

    Conserved Domains (5) summary
    cd00204
    Location:99 → 286
    ANK; ankyrin repeats; ankyrin repeats mediate protein-protein interactions in very diverse families of proteins. The number of ANK repeats in a protein can range from 2 to over 20 (ankyrins, for example). ANK repeats may occur in combinations with other ...
    pfam12796
    Location:109 → 263
    Ank_2; Ankyrin repeats (3 copies)
    pfam13637
    Location:87 → 125
    Ank_4; Ankyrin repeats (many copies)
    pfam13857
    Location:252 → 305
    Ank_5; Ankyrin repeats (many copies)
    sd00045
    Location:104 → 135
    ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]

  2. XM_047440086.1 → XP_047296042.1  protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 16B isoform X2

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060944.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    40535804..40653075
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054323326.1 → XP_054179301.1  protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 16B isoform X1

  2. XM_054323327.1 → XP_054179302.1  protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 16B isoform X2

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q96T49.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q96T49

Gene LinkOut

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