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OAZ2 ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 4947, updated on 5-Mar-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
OAZ2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 2provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:8096
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000180304 MIM:604152; AllianceGenome:HGNC:8096
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
AZ2
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the ornithine decarboxylase antizyme family, which plays a role in cell growth and proliferation by regulating intracellular polyamines. Expression of antizymes requires +1 ribosomal frameshifting, which is enhanced by high levels of polyamines. Antizymes in turn bind to and inhibit ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis; thus, completing the auto-regulatory circuit. This gene encodes antizyme 2, the second member of the antizyme family. Like antizyme 1, antizyme 2 has broad tissue distribution, inhibits ODC activity and polyamine uptake, and stimulates ODC degradation in vivo; however, it fails to promote ODC degradation in vitro. Antizyme 2 is expressed at lower levels than antizyme 1, but is evolutionary more conserved, suggesting it likely has an important biological role. Studies also show different subcellular localization of antizymes 1 and 2, indicating specific function for each antizyme in discrete compartments of the cell. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in brain (RPKM 48.0), spleen (RPKM 41.8) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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Location:
15q22.31
Exon count:
5
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 15 NC_000015.10 (64687574..64703281, complement)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 15 NC_060939.1 (62496796..62512500, complement)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 15 NC_000015.9 (64979773..64995480, complement)

Chromosome 15 - NC_000015.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene zinc finger protein 609 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC101930091 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L21 pseudogene 15 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64945206-64945706 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64958513-64959212 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64959213-64959910 Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 549, pseudogene Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64977741-64978242 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64991763-64992599 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64992600-64993437 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 6536 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 6537 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124903507 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak2370 silencer Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:65010266-65010766 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:65024140-65024787 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:65024788-65025436 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:65028357-65029336 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:65034779-65035280 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:65042170-65043145 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 9576 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 9577 Neighboring gene RNA binding protein, mRNA processing factor 2 Neighboring gene microRNA 1272

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Structure of human ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 2 gene. Zhou J, et al. Gene, 1999 May 31. PMID 10352227
  2. miR-34a Regulates Multidrug Resistance via Positively Modulating OAZ2 Signaling in Colon Cancer Cells. Li Y, et al. J Immunol Res, 2018. PMID 30175154, Free PMC Article
  3. The polyamine metabolism genes ornithine decarboxylase and antizyme 2 predict aggressive behavior in neuroblastomas with and without MYCN amplification. Geerts D, et al. Int J Cancer, 2010 May 1. PMID 19960435, Free PMC Article
  4. Subcellular localization and phosphorylation of antizyme 2. Murai N, et al. J Cell Biochem, 2009 Nov 1. PMID 19725046
  5. Novel ubiquitin-independent nucleolar c-Myc degradation pathway mediated by antizyme 2. Murai N, et al. Sci Rep, 2018 Feb 14. PMID 29445227, Free PMC Article

See all (24) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. this study reveals a critical role of miR-34a/OAZ2 cascade in conferring a proper cellular response to colon cancer chemotherapy
    Title: miR-34a Regulates Multidrug Resistance via Positively Modulating OAZ2 Signaling in Colon Cancer Cells.
  2. Gene expression studies have identified altered expression of ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 2 in suicide completers with a history of mood disorders.
    Title: Effects of promoter methylation on increased expression of polyamine biosynthetic genes in suicide.
  3. This study demomistrated that H3K4me3 modification plays an important role in up regulation of OAZ2 in prefrontal cortex.
    Title: Effects of histone modifications on increased expression of polyamine biosynthetic genes in suicide.
  4. elevated ODC and low OAZ2 mRNA expression levels correlate with several unfavorable genetic and clinical features in neuroblastoma.
    Title: The polyamine metabolism genes ornithine decarboxylase and antizyme 2 predict aggressive behavior in neuroblastomas with and without MYCN amplification.
  5. The protein product is generated using polyamine-regulated programmed ribosomal frameshifting.
    Title: A second mammalian antizyme: conservation of programmed ribosomal frameshifting.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Phenotypes

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Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in negative regulation of polyamine transmembrane transport IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in polyamine biosynthetic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in polyamine metabolic process TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of intracellular protein transport ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of protein catabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of protein catabolic process ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in cytosol TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
is_active_in nucleus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 2
Names
ODC-Az 2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001301302.1 → NP_001288231.1  ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 2 isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001288231.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate, in-frame acceptor splice site at the second exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) is one amino acid shorter than isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    BC035493, BG059726, BI597670, DA210449
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q9HD73
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam02100
    Location:97 → 180
    ODC_AZ; Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme

  2. NM_002537.3 → NP_002528.1  ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 2 isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002528.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longer isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    BC035493, BG059726, DA210449
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS58372.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O95190
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q9HD73
    Related
    ENSP00000463013.1, ENST00000326005.10
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam02100
    Location:100 → 181
    ODC_AZ; Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000015.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    64687574..64703281 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060939.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    62496796..62512500 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
O95190.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:O95190

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