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TREM2 triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 54209, updated on 11-Apr-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
TREM2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:17761
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000095970 MIM:605086; AllianceGenome:HGNC:17761
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
PLOSL2; TREM-2; Trem2a; Trem2b; Trem2c
Summary
This gene encodes a membrane protein that forms a receptor signaling complex with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein. The encoded protein functions in immune response and may be involved in chronic inflammation by triggering the production of constitutive inflammatory cytokines. Defects in this gene are a cause of polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy (PLOSL). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]
Expression
Broad expression in brain (RPKM 11.5), lung (RPKM 7.7) and 14 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

Location:
6p21.1
Exon count:
5
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 6 NC_000006.12 (41158508..41163116, complement)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 6 NC_060930.1 (40987077..40991685, complement)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 6 NC_000006.11 (41126246..41130854, complement)

Chromosome 6 - NC_000006.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene nuclear transcription factor Y subunit alpha Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak5800 silencer Neighboring gene ADCY10 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells like 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 17174 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107986595 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:41159081-41159588 Neighboring gene triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells like 2

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Phenotypes

Associated conditions

Description Tests
Polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy 2
MedGen: C4748657 OMIM: 618193 GeneReviews: Not available
Compare labs

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genome-wide association and population genetic analysis of C-reactive protein in African American and Hispanic American women.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Variant of TREM2 associated with the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
EBI GWAS Catalog

HIV-1 interactions

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 env A synthetic peptide corresponding to the immunosuppressive domain (amino acids 574-592) of HIV-1 gp41 downregulates the expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) in peptide-treated PBMCs PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Markers

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables amyloid-beta binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables apolipoprotein A-I binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables apolipoprotein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables beta-catenin binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables high-density lipoprotein particle binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables kinase activator activity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
enables lipid binding TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables lipopolysaccharide binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables lipoprotein particle binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables lipoteichoic acid binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables low-density lipoprotein particle binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables peptidoglycan binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables phosphatidylethanolamine binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables phosphatidylserine binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables phospholipid binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables protein tyrosine kinase binding ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
enables protein-containing complex binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables scaffold protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables signaling receptor activity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
enables signaling receptor activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
enables sulfatide binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables transmembrane signaling receptor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables transmembrane signaling receptor activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables very-low-density lipoprotein particle binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within_positive_effect CXCL12-activated CXCR4 signaling pathway IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in amyloid-beta clearance by cellular catabolic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in amyloid-beta clearance by cellular catabolic process ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in apoptotic cell clearance ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in astrocyte activation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to amyloid-beta ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to glucose stimulus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to hypoxia IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to lipid IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to lipoteichoic acid IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to oxidised low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to peptidoglycan IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in complement-mediated synapse pruning ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within_positive_effect defense response to Gram-negative bacterium ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in dendritic cell differentiation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in dendritic spine maintenance ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in detection of lipopolysaccharide IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in detection of lipoteichoic acid IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in detection of peptidoglycan IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in excitatory synapse pruning ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in humoral immune response TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
involved_in import into cell ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in lipid homeostasis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_positive_effect memory IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_positive_effect memory IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in microglial cell activation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in microglial cell activation involved in immune response ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in microglial cell proliferation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome complex assembly IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome complex assembly ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of amyloid fibril formation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of astrocyte activation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of autophagic cell death ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of autophagy ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of cell activation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of cholesterol storage ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of fat cell proliferation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of glial cell apoptotic process ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta production IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling pathway IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of neuroinflammatory response IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of neuroinflammatory response ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of p38MAPK cascade ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of sequestering of triglyceride ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within osteoclast differentiation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in osteoclast differentiation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in phagocytosis, engulfment IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in phagocytosis, recognition IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of ATP biosynthetic process ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of C-C chemokine receptor CCR7 signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of CAMKK-AMPK signaling cascade ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of CD40 signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of TOR signaling ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of amyloid-beta clearance IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of amyloid-beta clearance ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of chemotaxis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of cholesterol efflux ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of complement activation, classical pathway ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of engulfment of apoptotic cell IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of establishment of protein localization ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of gene expression IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of high-density lipoprotein particle clearance ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-10 production IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of inward rectifier potassium channel activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of kinase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of low-density lipoprotein particle clearance ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of macrophage fusion ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of microglial cell activation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of microglial cell activation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of microglial cell activation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of microglial cell migration IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of microglial cell migration ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of phagocytosis IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of phagocytosis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of phagocytosis, engulfment IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
acts_upstream_of positive regulation of phagocytosis, engulfment IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of phagocytosis, engulfment IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of phagocytosis, engulfment ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of protein phosphorylation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of protein secretion IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of synapse pruning IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within_negative_effect pyroptosis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in regulation of TOR signaling ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in regulation of gene expression ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of hippocampal neuron apoptotic process ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in regulation of innate immune response ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in regulation of interleukin-6 production ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of intracellular signal transduction ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
acts_upstream_of regulation of lipid metabolic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha production ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in regulation of resting membrane potential ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of toll-like receptor 6 signaling pathway ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in respiratory burst after phagocytosis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in response to axon injury IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in response to axon injury ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in response to ischemia IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_positive_effect social behavior IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in cell surface IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in extracellular region IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in plasma membrane IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
located_in plasma membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
located_in plasma membrane raft IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 

General protein information

Preferred Names
triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2
Names
triggering receptor expressed on monocytes 2
triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2a

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_011561.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    4999..9679
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_631

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001271821.2 → NP_001258750.1  triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 precursor isoform 2 precursor

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2), alternately referred to as TREM-2V, lacks a 3' coding exon which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) is shorter compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AB062787
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS64422.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q9NZC2
    Related
    ENSP00000342651.4, ENST00000338469.3
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl11960
    Location:23 → 128
    Ig; Immunoglobulin domain
  2. NM_018965.4 → NP_061838.1  triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 precursor isoform 1 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_061838.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AF213457, BC032362
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS4852.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q8N5H8, Q8WYN6, Q9NZC2
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A6NDG2, Q5TCX1
    Related
    ENSP00000362205.3, ENST00000373113.8
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00410
    Location:26 → 111
    IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
    cl11960
    Location:23 → 128
    Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000006.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    41158508..41163116 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060930.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    40987077..40991685 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)