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Ghrl ghrelin and obestatin prepropeptide [ Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) ]

Gene ID: 59301, updated on 2-Nov-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
Ghrlprovided by RGD
Official Full Name
ghrelin and obestatin prepropeptideprovided by RGD
Primary source
RGD:632283
See related
AllianceGenome:RGD:632283
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Rattus norvegicus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Summary
Enables ghrelin receptor binding activity and growth hormone-releasing hormone activity. Involved in several processes, including negative regulation of cytokine production; positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion; and regulation of digestive system process. Acts upstream of or within negative regulation of insulin secretion. Is active in Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse and glutamatergic synapse. Used to study middle cerebral artery infarction. Biomarker of multiple endocrine neoplasia and obstructive sleep apnea. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in diabetic neuropathy; esophagus adenocarcinoma; morbid obesity; obesity; and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Orthologous to human GHRL (ghrelin and obestatin prepropeptide). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression
Biased expression in Heart (RPKM 72.3), Muscle (RPKM 49.9) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See Ghrl in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
4q42
Exon count:
4
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1) 4 NC_086022.1 (148421315..148431128, complement)
RS_2023_06 previous assembly mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2) 4 NC_051339.1 (146865712..146869621, complement)
106 previous assembly Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5) 4 NC_005103.4 (145674157..145678066, complement)

Chromosome 4 - NC_086022.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC120102364 Neighboring gene interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 2 Neighboring gene TatD DNase domain containing 2 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC134486624 Neighboring gene SEC13 homolog, nuclear pore and COPII coat complex component Neighboring gene ATPase plasma membrane Ca2+ transporting 2

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
  • Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
  • BioProject: PRJNA238328
  • Publication: PMID 24510058
  • Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

Related articles in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Pathways from PubChem

General gene information

Markers

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables G protein-coupled receptor binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables ghrelin receptor binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables ghrelin receptor binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables ghrelin receptor binding IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
enables growth hormone-releasing hormone activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables growth hormone-releasing hormone activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables growth hormone-releasing hormone activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables hormone activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables protein tyrosine kinase activator activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
enables protein tyrosine kinase activator activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in actin polymerization or depolymerization ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in actin polymerization or depolymerization ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in adult feeding behavior ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in adult feeding behavior ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in decidualization ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in decidualization ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within dendrite development ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within excitatory postsynaptic potential ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in gastric acid secretion IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in gastric acid secretion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, REM sleep ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of inflammatory response IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of inflammatory response ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of inflammatory response ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of insulin secretion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of insulin secretion ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta production IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta production ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta production ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of interleukin-6 production ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of interleukin-6 production ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of locomotion ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of MAPK cascade ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of MAPK cascade ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of adipose tissue development IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of appetite IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
NOT acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of appetite ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of appetite ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of appetite ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of appetite ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of bone development IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of corticotropin secretion ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of cortisol secretion ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of eating behavior IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of feeding behavior IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of gastric mucosal blood circulation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of growth IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of growth hormone secretion IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of growth hormone secretion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of growth hormone secretion ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of growth rate IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of response to food IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of small intestinal transit IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of small intestine smooth muscle contraction IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of sprouting angiogenesis IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of synapse assembly ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in postsynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in postsynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of cell population proliferation ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in regulation of cell population proliferation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in regulation of gastric motility IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of postsynapse organization IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of postsynapse organization IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of response to food IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in regulation of response to food IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in regulation of response to food IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in regulation of transmission of nerve impulse IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in response to electrical stimulus IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
PubMed 
involved_in response to estrogen ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in response to estrogen ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in response to hormone ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
involved_in response to hormone ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in response to nutrient levels IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
PubMed 
involved_in signal transduction IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of synapse assembly ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
is_active_in Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
located_in axon ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
located_in axon ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
located_in cytoplasm ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
located_in extracellular region ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
located_in extracellular region ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
located_in extracellular region TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
is_active_in extracellular space IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in extracellular space IC
Inferred by Curator
more info
PubMed 
located_in extracellular space IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in extracellular space ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
located_in extracellular space ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
is_active_in neuronal dense core vesicle lumen ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
 
located_in postsynapse IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 

General protein information

Preferred Names
appetite-regulating hormone
Names
ghrelin/obestatin prepropeptide
growth hormone secretagogue
growth hormone-releasing peptide
motilin-related peptide

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_021669.2NP_067701.1  appetite-regulating hormone preproprotein

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_067701.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AB029433, BF543543
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q9ET69, Q9QYH7
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A6IBU0
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam04643
    Location:57115
    Motilin_assoc; Motilin/ghrelin-associated peptide
    pfam04644
    Location:2451
    Motilin_ghrelin; Motilin/ghrelin

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

  1. NC_086022.1 Reference GRCr8

    Range
    148421315..148431128 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_063286654.1XP_063142724.1  appetite-regulating hormone isoform X1