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LGALS12 galectin 12 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 85329, updated on 5-Mar-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
LGALS12provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
galectin 12provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:15788
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000133317 MIM:606096; AllianceGenome:HGNC:15788
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
GAL12; GRIP1
Summary
This gene encodes a member of the galectin superfamily, a group of beta-galactoside-binding proteins with conserved carbohydrate recognition domains. The related mouse protein is a primary regulator of the early stages of adipose tissue development. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, May 2010]
Expression
Biased expression in fat (RPKM 41.6) and bone marrow (RPKM 4.0) See more
Orthologs
mouse all
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Genomic context

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See LGALS12 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
11q12.3
Exon count:
12
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 11 NC_000011.10 (63506084..63516772)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 11 NC_060935.1 (63495347..63506035)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 11 NC_000011.9 (63273556..63284244)

Chromosome 11 - NC_000011.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene phospholipase A and acyltransferase 5 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124902822 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124902684 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:63268635-63269162 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:63270478-63271148 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:63277705-63278336 Neighboring gene TMSB4X pseudogene 5 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:63295415-63296076 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:63296739-63297398 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 8142 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:63299385-63300044 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4869 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4870 Neighboring gene phospholipase A and acyltransferase 4 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr11:63312621-63313820

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Galectin-12 in Pancreatic Cancer: A New Player in the Microenvironment? Galdino LV, et al. Pancreas, 2021 Oct 1. PMID 34860822
  2. Analyzing epigenetic control of galectin expression indicates silencing of galectin-12 by promoter methylation in colorectal cancer. Katzenmaier EM, et al. IUBMB Life, 2017 Dec. PMID 29098769
  3. Galectin-12 inhibits granulocytic differentiation of human NB4 promyelocytic leukemia cells while promoting lipogenesis. Xue H, et al. J Leukoc Biol, 2016 Oct. PMID 27256573, Free PMC Article
  4. Deciphering the galectin-12 protein interactome reveals a major impact of galectin-12 on glutamine anaplerosis in colon cancer cells. Katzenmaier EM, et al. Exp Cell Res, 2019 Jun 15. PMID 30935948
  5. Galectin-12 is required for adipogenic signaling and adipocyte differentiation. Yang RY, et al. J Biol Chem, 2004 Jul 9. PMID 15131127

See all (15) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Galectin-12 in Pancreatic Cancer: A New Player in the Microenvironment?
    Title: Galectin-12 in Pancreatic Cancer: A New Player in the Microenvironment?
  2. Ablation of Galectin-12 Inhibits Atherosclerosis through Enhancement of M2 Macrophage Polarization.
    Title: Ablation of Galectin-12 Inhibits Atherosclerosis through Enhancement of M2 Macrophage Polarization.
  3. that binding of galectin-12 to SLC1A5 significantly reduced glutamine uptake
    Title: Deciphering the galectin-12 protein interactome reveals a major impact of galectin-12 on glutamine anaplerosis in colon cancer cells.
  4. Galectin-12 is silenced in colorectal cancer via hypermethylation of its promoter.
    Title: Analyzing epigenetic control of galectin expression indicates silencing of galectin-12 by promoter methylation in colorectal cancer.
  5. Overexpression of galectin-12 contributes to a differentiation block in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells, and suppression of galectin-12 facilitates granulocytic differentiation.
    Title: Galectin-12 inhibits granulocytic differentiation of human NB4 promyelocytic leukemia cells while promoting lipogenesis.
  6. Lower LGALS12 gene expression is associated with acute myeloid leukemia.
    Title: Expression profiling of cancer-related galectins in acute myeloid leukemia.
  7. results suggest that mouse galectin-12 is a major regulator of adipose tissue development
    Title: Galectin-12 is required for adipogenic signaling and adipocyte differentiation.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables lactose binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables lactose binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in mitochondrion IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in nucleus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
galectin-12
Names
galectin-related inhibitor of proliferation
lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 12
testicular secretory protein Li 26

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001142535.2 → NP_001136007.2  galectin-12 isoform 1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AP001591
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS44633.2
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A140VK26
    Related
    ENSP00000501500.1, ENST00000674247.1
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    smart00908
    Location:33 → 159
    Gal-bind_lectin; Galactoside-binding lectin

  2. NM_001142536.2 → NP_001136008.2  galectin-12 isoform 3

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AP001591
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS53648.2
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2R9N2, G5E970, Q96DS9, Q96DT0, Q96PR9, Q9H258, Q9H259, Q9NZ02
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A6Q8JG94
    Related
    ENSP00000255684.6, ENST00000255684.10
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    smart00908
    Location:33 → 158
    Gal-bind_lectin; Galactoside-binding lectin

  3. NM_001142537.2 → NP_001136009.1  galectin-12 isoform 4

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001136009.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AP001591
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS44634.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q9NZ03
    Related
    ENSP00000394659.2, ENST00000415491.6
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    smart00908
    Location:1 → 119
    Gal-bind_lectin; Galactoside-binding lectin

  4. NM_001142538.2 → NP_001136010.1  galectin-12 isoform 5

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001136010.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AP001591
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS44635.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q9NZ03
    Related
    ENSP00000399093.2, ENST00000425950.2
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    smart00908
    Location:1 → 119
    Gal-bind_lectin; Galactoside-binding lectin

  5. NM_033101.4 → NP_149092.3  galectin-12 isoform 2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AP001591
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS8045.2
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2R9N2, G5E970, Q96DS9, Q96DT0, Q96PR9, Q9H258, Q9H259, Q9NZ02
    Related
    ENSP00000378116.4, ENST00000394618.9
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    smart00908
    Location:33 → 158
    Gal-bind_lectin; Galactoside-binding lectin

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000011.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    63506084..63516772
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_017018458.2 → XP_016873947.1  galectin-12 isoform X1

  2. XM_047427779.1 → XP_047283735.1  galectin-12 isoform X2

RNA

  1. XR_950085.3 RNA Sequence

  2. XR_950087.3 RNA Sequence

  3. XR_007062516.1 RNA Sequence

  4. XR_950086.2 RNA Sequence

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060935.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    63495347..63506035
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054370308.1 → XP_054226283.1  galectin-12 isoform X1

  2. XM_054370309.1 → XP_054226284.1  galectin-12 isoform X2

RNA

  1. XR_008488474.1 RNA Sequence

  2. XR_008488476.1 RNA Sequence

  3. XR_008488477.1 RNA Sequence

  4. XR_008488475.1 RNA Sequence

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q96DT0.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q96DT0

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