U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

TXNL1 thioredoxin like 1 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 9352, updated on 5-Mar-2024

Summary

Go to the top of the page Help
Official Symbol
TXNL1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
thioredoxin like 1provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:12436
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000091164 MIM:603049; AllianceGenome:HGNC:12436
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
Txl; TXNL; TRP32; TXL-1; HEL-S-114
Summary
Enables disulfide oxidoreductase activity. Located in cytosol. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in thyroid (RPKM 57.8), testis (RPKM 14.4) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
mouse all
NEW
Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

Go to the top of the page Help
Location:
18q21.31
Exon count:
11
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 18 NC_000018.10 (56597209..56638592, complement)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 18 NC_060942.1 (56799245..56840564, complement)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 18 NC_000018.9 (54264440..54305823, complement)

Chromosome 18 - NC_000018.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 3069 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105372132 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13361 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9475 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13362 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr18:54019108-54019609 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr18:54080945-54081494 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr18:54087957-54088683 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr18:54230563-54231064 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105372135 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr18:54304875-54305860 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr18:54305861-54306845 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 10710 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13364 Neighboring gene WD repeat domain 7 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr18:54503488-54503989 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr18:54540953-54541541 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124904382 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr18:54653903-54654752 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13365 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr18:54679651-54680151 Neighboring gene WDR7 overlapping transcript 1

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Go to the top of the page Help

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

Go to the top of the page Help
  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

Go to the top of the pageHelp

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Solution structure of the C-terminal DUF1000 domain of the human thioredoxin-like 1 protein. Goroncy AK, et al. Proteins, 2010 Jul. PMID 20455272
  2. Expression of a thioredoxin-related protein-1 is induced by prostaglandin E(2). Kim KY, et al. Int J Cancer, 2006 Apr 1. PMID 16231315
  3. Molecular cloning and expression of a cDNA encoding a human thioredoxin-like protein. Miranda-Vizuete A, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1998 Feb 4. PMID 9473519
  4. TXNL1-XRCC1 pathway regulates cisplatin-induced cell death and contributes to resistance in human gastric cancer. Xu W, et al. Cell Death Dis, 2014 Feb 13. PMID 24525731, Free PMC Article
  5. HDAC2 and TXNL1 distinguish aneuploid from diploid colorectal cancers. Gemoll T, et al. Cell Mol Life Sci, 2011 Oct. PMID 21290163, Free PMC Article

See all (90) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. TXNL1-XRCC1 is a novel regulatory pathway that has an independent role in cisplatin resistance, indicating a putative drug target for reversing cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer.
    Title: TXNL1-XRCC1 pathway regulates cisplatin-induced cell death and contributes to resistance in human gastric cancer.
  2. TXNL1 is a novel regulatory molecule that inhibits cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells.
    Title: TXNL1-XRCC1 pathway regulates cisplatin-induced cell death and contributes to resistance in human gastric cancer.
  3. Results suggest that TRP32 maintains the reduced state of PRL and thus regulates the biological function of PRL.
    Title: Thioredoxin-related protein 32 (TRP32) specifically reduces oxidized phosphatase of regenerating liver (PRL).
  4. Distinct protein expression patterns, affecting TXNL1 and HDAC2, distinguish aneuploid with poor prognosis from diploid colorectal cancers.
    Title: HDAC2 and TXNL1 distinguish aneuploid from diploid colorectal cancers.
  5. Solution structure of the C-terminal DUF1000 domain of the human thioredoxin-like 1 protein.
    Title: Solution structure of the C-terminal DUF1000 domain of the human thioredoxin-like 1 protein.
  6. Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
    Title: A scan of chromosome 10 identifies a novel locus showing strong association with late-onset Alzheimer disease.
  7. TRP32 was identified as a novel subunit of the 26 S proteasome.
    Title: Thioredoxin-related Protein 32 is an arsenite-regulated Thiol Reductase of the proteasome 19 S particle.
  8. Txnl1 is the first example of a direct connection between protein reduction and proteolysis, two major intracellular protein quality control mechanisms.
    Title: Thioredoxin Txnl1/TRP32 is a redox-active cofactor of the 26 S proteasome.
  9. TXNL1 acts as an effector of oxidants or a redox sensor by converting redox changes into changes of GDI capacity to capture Rab5, which in turn modulates fluid phase endocytosis
    Title: The redox sensor TXNL1 plays a regulatory role in fluid phase endocytosis.
  10. results imply that TRP-1 is a mammalian thioredoxin and plays as a transcriptional repressor through direct binding to the transcription factor B-Myb
    Title: Expression of a thioredoxin-related protein-1 is induced by prostaglandin E(2).
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Phenotypes

Go to the top of the page Help

Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Cross-Disorder Genome-Wide Analyses Suggest a Complex Genetic Relationship Between Tourette's Syndrome and OCD.
EBI GWAS Catalog

Variation

Go to the top of the page Help

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

Interactions

Go to the top of the page Help
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Go to the top of the page Help

Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables disulfide oxidoreductase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein-disulfide reductase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cytoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in cytosol IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in cytosol IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
located_in nucleus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
part_of proteasome complex IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  

General protein information

Go to the top of the page Help
Preferred Names
thioredoxin-like protein 1
Names
32 kDa thioredoxin-related protein
epididymis secretory protein Li 114
thioredoxin-related 32 kDa protein
thioredoxin-related protein 1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

Go to the top of the page Help

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_004786.3 → NP_004777.1  thioredoxin-like protein 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_004777.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the protein coding transcript.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC007052, AF003938, AV750604
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS11961.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O43396
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B2R960, V9HW51
    Related
    ENSP00000217515.5, ENST00000217515.11
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd02947
    Location:12 → 104
    TRX_family; TRX family; composed of two groups: Group I, which includes proteins that exclusively encode a TRX domain; and Group II, which are composed of fusion proteins of TRX and additional domains. Group I TRX is a small ancient protein that alter the redox ...
    pfam06201
    Location:128 → 268
    PITH; PITH domain

RNA

  1. NR_024546.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) contains an additional exon compared to transcript variant 1. This results in a frame-shift and premature translation termination, rendering the transcript susceptible to nonsense mediated mRNA decay (NMD). This transcript is sufficiently abundant to represent as a RefSeq record, however, the predicted protein is not represented because it is significantly truncated.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC007052, AF003938, AV750604, DA248363

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000018.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    56597209..56638592 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_024451289.2 → XP_024307057.1  thioredoxin-like protein 1 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B2R960
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd02947
    Location:12 → 104
    TRX_family; TRX family; composed of two groups: Group I, which includes proteins that exclusively encode a TRX domain; and Group II, which are composed of fusion proteins of TRX and additional domains. Group I TRX is a small ancient protein that alter the redox ...
    pfam06201
    Location:128 → 268
    PITH; PITH domain

  2. XM_024451290.2 → XP_024307058.1  thioredoxin-like protein 1 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B2R960
    Related
    ENSP00000468165.1, ENST00000586262.5
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd02947
    Location:12 → 104
    TRX_family; TRX family; composed of two groups: Group I, which includes proteins that exclusively encode a TRX domain; and Group II, which are composed of fusion proteins of TRX and additional domains. Group I TRX is a small ancient protein that alter the redox ...
    pfam06201
    Location:128 → 268
    PITH; PITH domain

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060942.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    56799245..56840564 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
O43396.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:O43396

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

Chemical Information
Molecular Biology Databases
Research Materials
Tools
Miscellaneous