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    PAK4 p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 4 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 10298, updated on 3-Nov-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    PAK4provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 4provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:16059
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000130669 MIM:605451; AllianceGenome:HGNC:16059
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Summary
    PAK proteins, a family of serine/threonine p21-activating kinases, include PAK1, PAK2, PAK3 and PAK4. PAK proteins are critical effectors that link Rho GTPases to cytoskeleton reorganization and nuclear signaling. They serve as targets for the small GTP binding proteins Cdc42 and Rac and have been implicated in a wide range of biological activities. PAK4 interacts specifically with the GTP-bound form of Cdc42Hs and weakly activates the JNK family of MAP kinases. PAK4 is a mediator of filopodia formation and may play a role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in prostate (RPKM 14.9), kidney (RPKM 12.6) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See PAK4 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    19q13.2
    Exon count:
    14
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 19 NC_000019.10 (39125786..39182816)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 19 NC_060943.1 (41929765..41986971)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 19 NC_000019.9 (39616426..39673456)

    Chromosome 19 - NC_000019.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124904801 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14611 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:39549145-39549646 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr19:39564087-39565286 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 11111 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:39574861-39575361 Neighboring gene acid phosphatase 7, tartrate resistant (putative) Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14612 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:39622545-39623126 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:39623127-39623707 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124904714 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:39625781-39626526 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:39629677-39630266 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:39634730-39635726 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:39635727-39636721 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:39641079-39641580 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124904716 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:39647059-39647724 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:39648391-39649056 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:39649057-39649720 Neighboring gene NCCRP1, F-box associated domain containing Neighboring gene syncollin

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    HIV-1 interactions

    Replication interactions

    Interaction Pubs
    Knockdown of p21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) by shRNA library screening inhibits HIV-1 replication in cultured Jurkat T-cells PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables ATP binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables cadherin binding involved in cell-cell adhesion HDA PubMed 
    enables histone H2AS1 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein kinase activity NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein serine kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in apoptotic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cell migration TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cell-cell adhesion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to organic cyclic compound IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to starvation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in chromatin remodeling IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cytoskeleton organization TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in dendritic spine development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in intracellular signal transduction IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of angiogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in protein phosphorylation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of MAPK cascade IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of cell growth TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in signal transduction TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in Golgi apparatus TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in adherens junction HDA PubMed 
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    located_in cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    located_in focal adhesion HDA PubMed 

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4
    Names
    p21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 4
    p21(CDKN1A)-activated kinase 4
    protein kinase related to S. cerevisiae STE20, effector for Cdc42Hs
    NP_001014831.1
    NP_001014832.1
    NP_001014834.1
    NP_001014835.1
    NP_001381430.1
    NP_005875.1
    XP_011524618.1
    XP_011524619.1
    XP_011524622.1
    XP_024307082.1
    XP_047293990.1
    XP_047293991.1
    XP_047293992.1
    XP_047293993.1
    XP_047293994.1
    XP_047293996.1
    XP_047293997.1
    XP_054175478.1
    XP_054175479.1
    XP_054175480.1
    XP_054175481.1
    XP_054175482.1
    XP_054175483.1
    XP_054175484.1
    XP_054175485.1
    XP_054175486.1
    XP_054175487.1
    XP_054175488.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_047118.2 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5002..58620
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001014831.3NP_001014831.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001014831.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) has an additional segment in the 5' UTR, and encodes the same isoform (1), as compared to variant 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AB032968, AC011443, BC025282, BG773480
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS12528.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DGG6, O96013, Q8N4E1, Q8NCH5, Q8NDE3, Q9BU33, Q9ULS8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K724
      Related
      ENSP00000469413.1, ENST00000593690.5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd06657
      Location:300591
      STKc_PAK4; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, p21-activated kinase 4
      cd01093
      Location:1055
      CRIB_PAK_like; PAK (p21 activated kinase) Binding Domain (PBD), binds Cdc42p- and/or Rho-like small GTPases; also known as the Cdc42/Rac interactive binding (CRIB) motif; has been shown to inhibit transcriptional activation and cell transformation mediated by the ...
    2. NM_001014832.2NP_001014832.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001014832.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks an exon in the 5' UTR, and encodes the same isoform (1), as compared to variant 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AB032968, AC011443, BC011368, BC025282, BG773480
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS12528.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DGG6, O96013, Q8N4E1, Q8NCH5, Q8NDE3, Q9BU33, Q9ULS8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K724
      Related
      ENSP00000351049.2, ENST00000358301.7
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd06657
      Location:300591
      STKc_PAK4; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, p21-activated kinase 4
      cd01093
      Location:1055
      CRIB_PAK_like; PAK (p21 activated kinase) Binding Domain (PBD), binds Cdc42p- and/or Rho-like small GTPases; also known as the Cdc42/Rac interactive binding (CRIB) motif; has been shown to inhibit transcriptional activation and cell transformation mediated by the ...
    3. NM_001014834.3NP_001014834.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001014834.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) lacks an exon in the 5' UTR and an in-frame exon in the coding region, as compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) thus lacks an internal segment, as compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AB032968, AC011443, AL834236, BG773480
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS33019.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4DE88
      Related
      ENSP00000470284.1, ENST00000599470.5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd01093
      Location:1055
      CRIB_PAK_like; PAK (p21 activated kinase) Binding Domain (PBD), binds Cdc42p- and/or Rho-like small GTPases; also known as the Cdc42/Rac interactive binding (CRIB) motif; has been shown to inhibit transcriptional activation and cell transformation mediated by the ...
      cl21453
      Location:147438
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain
    4. NM_001014835.2NP_001014835.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001014835.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) lacks an in-frame exon in the coding region, as compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) thus lacks an internal segment, as compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AB032968, AC011443, BG773480
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS33019.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4DE88
      Related
      ENSP00000471157.1, ENST00000599386.5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd01093
      Location:1055
      CRIB_PAK_like; PAK (p21 activated kinase) Binding Domain (PBD), binds Cdc42p- and/or Rho-like small GTPases; also known as the Cdc42/Rac interactive binding (CRIB) motif; has been shown to inhibit transcriptional activation and cell transformation mediated by the ...
      cl21453
      Location:147438
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain
    5. NM_001394501.1NP_001381430.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform 1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC011443
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS12528.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DGG6, O96013, Q8N4E1, Q8NCH5, Q8NDE3, Q9BU33, Q9ULS8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K724
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd06657
      Location:300591
      STKc_PAK4; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, p21-activated kinase 4
      cd01093
      Location:1055
      CRIB_PAK_like; PAK (p21 activated kinase) Binding Domain (PBD), binds Cdc42p- and/or Rho-like small GTPases; also known as the Cdc42/Rac interactive binding (CRIB) motif; has been shown to inhibit transcriptional activation and cell transformation mediated by the ...
    6. NM_005884.5NP_005875.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005875.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AB032968, AF005046, BG773480
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS12528.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DGG6, O96013, Q8N4E1, Q8NCH5, Q8NDE3, Q9BU33, Q9ULS8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K724
      Related
      ENSP00000353625.3, ENST00000360442.8
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd06657
      Location:300591
      STKc_PAK4; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, p21-activated kinase 4
      cd01093
      Location:1055
      CRIB_PAK_like; PAK (p21 activated kinase) Binding Domain (PBD), binds Cdc42p- and/or Rho-like small GTPases; also known as the Cdc42/Rac interactive binding (CRIB) motif; has been shown to inhibit transcriptional activation and cell transformation mediated by the ...

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000019.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      39125786..39182816
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_011526316.2XP_011524618.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011524618.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DGG6, O96013, Q8N4E1, Q8NCH5, Q8NDE3, Q9BU33, Q9ULS8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K724
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd06657
      Location:300591
      STKc_PAK4; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, p21-activated kinase 4
      cd01093
      Location:1055
      CRIB_PAK_like; PAK (p21 activated kinase) Binding Domain (PBD), binds Cdc42p- and/or Rho-like small GTPases; also known as the Cdc42/Rac interactive binding (CRIB) motif; has been shown to inhibit transcriptional activation and cell transformation mediated by the ...
    2. XM_011526320.2XP_011524622.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011524622.1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4DE88
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd01093
      Location:1055
      CRIB_PAK_like; PAK (p21 activated kinase) Binding Domain (PBD), binds Cdc42p- and/or Rho-like small GTPases; also known as the Cdc42/Rac interactive binding (CRIB) motif; has been shown to inhibit transcriptional activation and cell transformation mediated by the ...
      cl21453
      Location:147438
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain
    3. XM_047438034.1XP_047293990.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DGG6, O96013, Q8N4E1, Q8NCH5, Q8NDE3, Q9BU33, Q9ULS8
    4. XM_024451314.2XP_024307082.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4DE88
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd01093
      Location:1055
      CRIB_PAK_like; PAK (p21 activated kinase) Binding Domain (PBD), binds Cdc42p- and/or Rho-like small GTPases; also known as the Cdc42/Rac interactive binding (CRIB) motif; has been shown to inhibit transcriptional activation and cell transformation mediated by the ...
      cl21453
      Location:147438
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain
    5. XM_011526317.3XP_011524619.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011524619.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DGG6, O96013, Q8N4E1, Q8NCH5, Q8NDE3, Q9BU33, Q9ULS8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K724
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd06657
      Location:300591
      STKc_PAK4; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, p21-activated kinase 4
      cd01093
      Location:1055
      CRIB_PAK_like; PAK (p21 activated kinase) Binding Domain (PBD), binds Cdc42p- and/or Rho-like small GTPases; also known as the Cdc42/Rac interactive binding (CRIB) motif; has been shown to inhibit transcriptional activation and cell transformation mediated by the ...
    6. XM_047438040.1XP_047293996.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X2

    7. XM_047438037.1XP_047293993.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DGG6, O96013, Q8N4E1, Q8NCH5, Q8NDE3, Q9BU33, Q9ULS8
    8. XM_047438038.1XP_047293994.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DGG6, O96013, Q8N4E1, Q8NCH5, Q8NDE3, Q9BU33, Q9ULS8
    9. XM_047438036.1XP_047293992.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DGG6, O96013, Q8N4E1, Q8NCH5, Q8NDE3, Q9BU33, Q9ULS8
    10. XM_047438035.1XP_047293991.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DGG6, O96013, Q8N4E1, Q8NCH5, Q8NDE3, Q9BU33, Q9ULS8
    11. XM_047438041.1XP_047293997.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X2

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060943.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      41929765..41986971
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054319503.1XP_054175478.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DGG6, O96013, Q8N4E1, Q8NCH5, Q8NDE3, Q9BU33, Q9ULS8
    2. XM_054319510.1XP_054175485.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X2

    3. XM_054319504.1XP_054175479.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DGG6, O96013, Q8N4E1, Q8NCH5, Q8NDE3, Q9BU33, Q9ULS8
    4. XM_054319505.1XP_054175480.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DGG6, O96013, Q8N4E1, Q8NCH5, Q8NDE3, Q9BU33, Q9ULS8
    5. XM_054319512.1XP_054175487.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X2

    6. XM_054319511.1XP_054175486.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X2

    7. XM_054319508.1XP_054175483.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DGG6, O96013, Q8N4E1, Q8NCH5, Q8NDE3, Q9BU33, Q9ULS8
    8. XM_054319509.1XP_054175484.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DGG6, O96013, Q8N4E1, Q8NCH5, Q8NDE3, Q9BU33, Q9ULS8
    9. XM_054319507.1XP_054175482.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DGG6, O96013, Q8N4E1, Q8NCH5, Q8NDE3, Q9BU33, Q9ULS8
    10. XM_054319506.1XP_054175481.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DGG6, O96013, Q8N4E1, Q8NCH5, Q8NDE3, Q9BU33, Q9ULS8
    11. XM_054319513.1XP_054175488.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 isoform X2

    Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

    The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

    1. NM_001014833.1: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_001014833.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because currently there is insufficient support for the transcript and the protein.