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    DAPK2 death associated protein kinase 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 23604, updated on 3-Nov-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    DAPK2provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    death associated protein kinase 2provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:2675
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000035664 MIM:616567; AllianceGenome:HGNC:2675
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    DRP1; DRP-1
    Summary
    This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family. This protein contains a N-terminal protein kinase domain followed by a conserved calmodulin-binding domain with significant similarity to that of death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1), a positive regulator of programmed cell death. Overexpression of this gene was shown to induce cell apoptosis. It uses multiple polyadenylation sites. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Broad expression in thyroid (RPKM 7.0), lung (RPKM 4.4) and 18 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See DAPK2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    15q22.31
    Exon count:
    16
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 15 NC_000015.10 (63907036..64046485, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 15 NC_060939.1 (61714186..61853651, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 15 NC_000015.9 (64199235..64338684, complement)

    Chromosome 15 - NC_000015.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene HECT and RLD domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase family member 1 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr15:63958187-63958357 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64006953-64007452 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64006451-64006952 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr15:64014173-64014349 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64057331-64058088 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64058904-64059404 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 6522 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64107893-64108654 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64114122-64114622 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64125303-64126168 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64126169-64127032 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 9542 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64171093-64171988 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 9543 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 4498 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64186155-64186656 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 9545 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 9546 Neighboring gene microRNA 422a Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC101928988 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 12240 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64264631-64265378 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64277639-64278140 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64290279-64290780 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 6524 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 9547 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 9548 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr15:64318331-64318496 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64330918-64331419 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 9549 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 9550 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 6527 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 6526 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 6525 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64342658-64343204 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 9551 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 9552 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr15:64385112-64385674 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 9554 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 9555 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 9556 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 7733 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 9557 Neighboring gene cytosolic iron-sulfur assembly component 2A Neighboring gene sorting nexin 1

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Identification of Novel Death-Associated Protein Kinase 2 Interaction Partners by Proteomic Screening Coupled with Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation. Geering B, et al. Mol Cell Biol, 2016 Jan 1. PMID 26483415, Free PMC Article
    2. Exosomal miR-133a-3p Derived from BMSCs Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Targeting DAPK2. Yang X, et al. Int J Nanomedicine, 2023. PMID 36636640, Free PMC Article
    3. High frequency of promoter hypermethylation of the death-associated protein-kinase gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its detection in the peripheral blood of patients. Wong TS, et al. Clin Cancer Res, 2002 Feb. PMID 11839660
    4. Cigarette smoking induces aberrant N(6)-methyladenosine of DAPK2 to promote non-small cell lung cancer progression by activating NF-κB pathway. Jin M, et al. Cancer Lett, 2021 Oct 10. PMID 34298122
    5. DAPK2 regulates oxidative stress in cancer cells by preserving mitochondrial function. Schlegel CR, et al. Cell Death Dis, 2015 Mar 5. PMID 25741596, Free PMC Article

    See all (51) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Exosomal miR-133a-3p Derived from BMSCs Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Targeting DAPK2.
      Title: Exosomal miR-133a-3p Derived from BMSCs Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Targeting DAPK2.
    2. Cigarette smoking induces aberrant N(6)-methyladenosine of DAPK2 to promote non-small cell lung cancer progression by activating NF-kappaB pathway.
      Title: Cigarette smoking induces aberrant N(6)-methyladenosine of DAPK2 to promote non-small cell lung cancer progression by activating NF-κB pathway.
    3. 14-3-3 proteins inactivate DAPK2 by promoting its dimerization and protecting key regulatory phosphosites.
      Title: 14-3-3 proteins inactivate DAPK2 by promoting its dimerization and protecting key regulatory phosphosites.
    4. miR-1285-3p Controls Colorectal Cancer Proliferation and Escape from Apoptosis through DAPK2.
      Title: miR-1285-3p Controls Colorectal Cancer Proliferation and Escape from Apoptosis through DAPK2.
    5. The intracellular signaling pathways that lead to Ser289 phosphorylation are mutually-exclusive and different for each kinase. In addition, Ser289 phosphorylation in fact enhances DAPK1 catalytic activity, similar to the effect on DAPK2. Thus, Ser289 phosphorylation activates both DAPK1 and DAPK2, but in response to different intracellular signaling pathways.
      Title: Ser289 phosphorylation activates both DAPK1 and DAPK2 but in response to different intracellular signaling pathways.
    6. remission effect of DAPK2 on placental cell oxidative damage and apoptosis in HDCP via mTOR activation
      Title: Upregulation of DAPK2 ameliorates oxidative damage and apoptosis of placental cells in hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy by suppressing human placental microvascular endothelial cell autophagy through the mTOR signaling pathway.
    7. study reveals a unique calmodulin-independent mechanism for DAPK2 activation, critical to its function as a novel downstream effector of AMPK in autophagy
      Title: Non-canonical activation of DAPK2 by AMPK constitutes a new pathway linking metabolic stress to autophagy.
    8. This study suggests that miR-520g contributes to tumor progression and drug resistance by post-transcriptionally downregulating DAPK2 in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer
      Title: MicroRNA-520g promotes epithelial ovarian cancer progression and chemoresistance via DAPK2 repression.
    9. Thyroid hormone promotes selective autophagy via induction of DAPK2-SQSTM1 cascade, which in turn protects hepatocytes from diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatotoxicity or carcinogenesis.
      Title: Thyroid hormone suppresses hepatocarcinogenesis via DAPK2 and SQSTM1-dependent selective autophagy.
    10. miR-520h suppresses Death-associated protein kinase 2 (DAPK2) expression, as restoring DAPK2 abolished miR-520h-promoted drug resistance, and knockdown of DAPK2 mitigated cell death caused by the depletion of miR-520h.
      Title: miR-520h is crucial for DAPK2 regulation and breast cancer progression.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (27)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    HIV-1 interactions

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    Replication interactions

    Interaction Pubs
    Knockdown of death-associated protein kinase 2 (DAPK2) by siRNA inhibits HIV-1 replication in HeLa P4/R5 cells PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • MGC119312

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables ATP binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables calmodulin binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables histone H2AS1 kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables identical protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein serine kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in anoikis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in apoptotic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in chromatin remodeling IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in intracellular signal transduction IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in intracellular signal transduction IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of apoptotic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of eosinophil chemotaxis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in protein autophosphorylation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in protein phosphorylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of apoptotic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of autophagy TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in Golgi apparatus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in autophagosome lumen IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytoplasmic vesicle IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in intracellular membrane-bounded organelle IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    death-associated protein kinase 2
    Names
    DAP kinase 2
    NP_001350659.1
    NP_001371926.1
    NP_001371927.1
    NP_001371928.1
    NP_001371929.1
    NP_001382208.1
    NP_001382210.1
    NP_001382211.1
    NP_001382212.1
    NP_001382213.1
    NP_001382214.1
    NP_001382215.1
    NP_001382216.1
    NP_001382217.1
    NP_001382218.1
    NP_001382219.1
    NP_001382220.1
    NP_001382221.1
    NP_001382222.1
    NP_055141.2

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001363730.2 → NP_001350659.1  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541, GU056176
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS86463.1
      Related
      ENSP00000484390.1, ENST00000612884.4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd14196
      Location:17 → 285
      STKc_DAPK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Death-Associated Protein Kinase 2

    2. NM_001384997.1 → NP_001371926.1  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 3

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd14196
      Location:17 → 285
      STKc_DAPK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Death-Associated Protein Kinase 2

    3. NM_001384998.1 → NP_001371927.1  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 4

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl21453
      Location:17 → 279
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain

    4. NM_001384999.1 → NP_001371928.1  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 5

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl21453
      Location:17 → 220
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain

    5. NM_001385000.1 → NP_001371929.1  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 6

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl21453
      Location:1 → 130
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain

    6. NM_001395279.1 → NP_001382208.1  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 7

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd14196
      Location:17 → 285
      STKc_DAPK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Death-Associated Protein Kinase 2

    7. NM_001395281.1 → NP_001382210.1  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 8

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl21453
      Location:1 → 130
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain

    8. NM_001395282.1 → NP_001382211.1  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 4

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl21453
      Location:17 → 279
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain

    9. NM_001395283.1 → NP_001382212.1  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 9

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl21453
      Location:1 → 124
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain

    10. NM_001395284.1 → NP_001382213.1  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 9

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl21453
      Location:1 → 124
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain

    11. NM_001395285.1 → NP_001382214.1  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 10

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd14196
      Location:17 → 285
      STKc_DAPK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Death-Associated Protein Kinase 2

    12. NM_001395286.1 → NP_001382215.1  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 11

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q1RMF4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl21453
      Location:1 → 130
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain

    13. NM_001395287.1 → NP_001382216.1  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 11

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q1RMF4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl21453
      Location:1 → 130
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain

    14. NM_001395288.1 → NP_001382217.1  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 12

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd14196
      Location:17 → 285
      STKc_DAPK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Death-Associated Protein Kinase 2

    15. NM_001395289.1 → NP_001382218.1  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 9

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl21453
      Location:1 → 124
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain

    16. NM_001395290.1 → NP_001382219.1  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 13 precursor

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl21453
      Location:1 → 76
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain

    17. NM_001395291.1 → NP_001382220.1  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 14

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd14196
      Location:17 → 285
      STKc_DAPK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Death-Associated Protein Kinase 2

    18. NM_001395292.1 → NP_001382221.1  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 8

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl21453
      Location:1 → 130
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain

    19. NM_001395293.1 → NP_001382222.1  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 15

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd14196
      Location:17 → 285
      STKc_DAPK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Death-Associated Protein Kinase 2

    20. NM_014326.5 → NP_055141.2  death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_055141.2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AB018001, AC015914, AC021541, AF052941
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS10188.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      E9JGM7, O75892, Q24JS1, Q9UIK4
      Related
      ENSP00000408277.1, ENST00000457488.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd14196
      Location:17 → 285
      STKc_DAPK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Death-Associated Protein Kinase 2

    RNA

    1. NR_169522.1 RNA Sequence

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541

    2. NR_169523.1 RNA Sequence

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541

    3. NR_169524.1 RNA Sequence

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541

    4. NR_172521.1 RNA Sequence

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC015914, AC021541

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000015.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      63907036..64046485 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060939.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      61714186..61853651 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9UIK4.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9UIK4

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

    Chemical Information
    Molecular Biology Databases
    Research Materials
    Tools
    Miscellaneous