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    OAZ1 ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 1 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 4946, updated on 28-Oct-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    OAZ1provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 1provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:8095
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000104904 MIM:601579; AllianceGenome:HGNC:8095
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    AZ1; AZI; OAZ
    Summary
    The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the ornithine decarboxylase antizyme family, which plays a role in cell growth and proliferation by regulating intracellular polyamine levels. Expression of antizymes requires +1 ribosomal frameshifting, which is enhanced by high levels of polyamines. Antizymes in turn bind to and inhibit ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis; thus, completing the auto-regulatory circuit. This gene encodes antizyme 1, the first member of the antizyme family, that has broad tissue distribution, and negatively regulates intracellular polyamine levels by binding to and targeting ODC for degradation, as well as inhibiting polyamine uptake. Antizyme 1 mRNA contains two potential in-frame AUGs; and studies in rat suggest that alternative use of the two translation initiation sites results in N-terminally distinct protein isoforms with different subcellular localization. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have also been noted for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in bone marrow (RPKM 404.8), lymph node (RPKM 286.9) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
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    Genomic context

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    See OAZ1 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    19p13.3
    Exon count:
    5
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 19 NC_000019.10 (2269486..2273488)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 19 NC_060943.1 (2243130..2247132)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 19 NC_000019.9 (2269485..2273487)

    Chromosome 19 - NC_000019.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13668 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13669 Neighboring gene junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum protein 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13670 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13671 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105372240 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:2269184-2269798 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9778 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9779 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9780 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13672 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13673 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9781 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9782 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13674 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:2275050-2275984 Neighboring gene PEAK family member 3 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13675 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9783 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9784 Neighboring gene leucine rich repeat and Ig domain containing 3 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC101928572 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9785

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Assay of OAZ1 mRNA levels in chronic myeloid leukemia combined with application of leukemia PCR array identified relevant gene changes affected by antizyme. Wu B, et al. Acta Haematol, 2014. PMID 24192781
    2. Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme upregulates DNA-dependent protein kinase and enhances the nonhomologous end-joining repair of DNA double-strand breaks in human oral cancer cells. Tsuji T, et al. Biochemistry, 2007 Aug 7. PMID 17630775
    3. Critical factors determining dimerization of human antizyme inhibitor. Su KL, et al. J Biol Chem, 2009 Sep 25. PMID 19635796, Free PMC Article
    4. [Variations within OLF1/EBF-associated zinc finger protein gene confer susceptibility to lupus nephritis in Chinese population]. Liang D, et al. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi, 2005 Apr 13. PMID 16061000
    5. [OAZ gene polymorphism in Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus]. Feng XB, et al. Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi, 2004 Oct. PMID 15476163

    See all (57) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. EPLIN-beta is a novel substrate of ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 1 and mediates cellular migration.
      Title: EPLIN-β is a novel substrate of ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 1 and mediates cellular migration.
    2. Translation efficiency affects the sequence-independent +1 ribosomal frameshifting by polyamines.
      Title: Translation efficiency affects the sequence-independent +1 ribosomal frameshifting by polyamines.
    3. Data show the the interplay between the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and two regulatory proteins: antizyme (Az) and inhibitor (AzIN).
      Title: Structural basis of antizyme-mediated regulation of polyamine homeostasis.
    4. the effects of AZ on cell growth are independent of polyamines.
      Title: Antizyme (AZ) regulates intestinal cell growth independent of polyamines.
    5. Results show that ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 1 (OAZ1) simultaneously inhibits the proliferation and induces the differentiation of oral cancer cells.
      Title: Effects of ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 1 on the proliferation and differentiation of human oral cancer cells.
    6. To further understand its functions in CML pathogenesis, OAZ1 was overexpressed, and PCR array analysis was used to monitor the expression of key genes commonly involved in leukemia development.
      Title: Assay of OAZ1 mRNA levels in chronic myeloid leukemia combined with application of leukemia PCR array identified relevant gene changes affected by antizyme.
    7. Gene expression studies have identified altered expression of ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 1 in suicide completers with a history of mood disorders.
      Title: Effects of promoter methylation on increased expression of polyamine biosynthetic genes in suicide.
    8. This study demomistrated that H3K4me3 modification plays an important role in up regulation of AOAZ1 in prefrontal cortex.
      Title: Effects of histone modifications on increased expression of polyamine biosynthetic genes in suicide.
    9. In the absence of amino acids, mTORC1 is inhibited, whereas mTORC2 is activated, leading to the inhibition of global protein synthesis and increased AZ1 synthesis via a cap-independent mechanism.
      Title: Amino acids regulate expression of antizyme-1 to modulate ornithine decarboxylase activity.
    10. AZ_95-176 is the minimal AZ peptide that is fully functioning in the binding of ODC and AZI and inhibition of their function.
      Title: Minimal antizyme peptide fully functioning in the binding and inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase and antizyme inhibitor.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (23)

    Phenotypes

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    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • MGC138338

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    enables ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in negative regulation of polyamine transmembrane transport IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in polyamine biosynthetic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of intracellular protein transport ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of protein catabolic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of protein catabolic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of protein catabolic process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in viral translational frameshifting IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 1
    Names
    ODC-Az
    antizyme 1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001301020.1 → NP_001287949.1  ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 1 isoform 2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate, in-frame acceptor splice site at the second exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) lacks 2 internal amino acids compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      BC100291, BM423450, HY050868
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS77214.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      J3QQY4
      Related
      ENSP00000463955.3, ENST00000582888.8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam02100
      Location:136 → 215
      ODC_AZ; Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme

    2. NM_004152.3 → NP_004143.1  ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 1 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_004143.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longer isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      BC100291, HY050868
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS58639.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O43382, P54368, Q14989, Q92595, Q9UPL9
      Related
      ENSP00000473381.1, ENST00000602676.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam02100
      Location:138 → 217
      ODC_AZ; Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000019.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      2269486..2273488
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060943.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      2243130..2247132
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P54368.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P54368

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