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    PGGT1B protein geranylgeranyltransferase type I subunit beta [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 5229, updated on 2-Nov-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    PGGT1Bprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    protein geranylgeranyltransferase type I subunit betaprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:8895
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000164219 MIM:602031; AllianceGenome:HGNC:8895
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    BGGI; GGTI
    Summary
    Protein geranylgeranyltransferase type I (GGTase-I) transfers a geranylgeranyl group to the cysteine residue of candidate proteins containing a C-terminal CAAX motif in which 'A' is an aliphatic amino acid and 'X' is leucine (summarized by Zhang et al., 1994 [PubMed 8106351]). The enzyme is composed of a 48-kD alpha subunit (FNTA; MIM 134635) and a 43-kD beta subunit, encoded by the PGGT1B gene. The FNTA gene encodes the alpha subunit for both GGTase-I and the related enzyme farnesyltransferase.[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2010]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in colon (RPKM 3.0), spleen (RPKM 2.3) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See PGGT1B in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    5q22.3
    Exon count:
    10
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 5 NC_000005.10 (115204012..115262877, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 5 NC_060929.1 (115713562..115776201, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 5 NC_000005.9 (114539709..114598574, complement)

    Chromosome 5 - NC_000005.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC101927078 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1957 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:114117551-114118374 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:114118375-114119196 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:114364005-114364746 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:114364747-114365486 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr5:114368052-114369251 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22923 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr5:114404076-114405275 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 9285 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:114426721-114427222 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:114426221-114426720 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 16245 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 16246 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22925 Neighboring gene tripartite motif containing 36 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 16247 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22926 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22927 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein S2 pseudogene 26 Neighboring gene high mobility group nucleosome binding domain 1 pseudogene 15 Neighboring gene coiled-coil domain containing 112

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Selective inhibition of cancer cell invasion by a geranylgeranyltransferase-I inhibitor. Kusama T, et al. Clin Exp Metastasis, 2003. PMID 14598891
    2. Inhibition of GGTase-I and FTase disrupts cytoskeletal organization of human PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Virtanen SS, et al. Cell Biol Int, 2010 Aug. PMID 20446922
    3. The diagnostic significance of PGGT1B in psoriasis. Hao Z, et al. Dermatol Ther, 2021 Mar. PMID 33548109
    4. Geranylgeranyl transferase 1 modulates autophagy and apoptosis in human airway smooth muscle. Ghavami S, et al. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 2012 Feb 15. PMID 22160308
    5. Geranylgeranyltransferase I regulates HIF-1α promoting glioblastoma cell migration and invasion. Zhou X, et al. J Neurooncol, 2013 May. PMID 23475391

    See all (35) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. The diagnostic significance of PGGT1B in psoriasis.
      Title: The diagnostic significance of PGGT1B in psoriasis.
    2. our study showed, for the first time, that HIF-1alpha was regulated by protein prenylation transferase GGTI and mediated the effect of GGTI on glioma cell migration and invasion
      Title: Geranylgeranyltransferase I regulates HIF-1α promoting glioblastoma cell migration and invasion.
    3. our findings identify Geranylgeranyl transferase 1 as a key regulator of human airway smooth muscle cell viability
      Title: Geranylgeranyl transferase 1 modulates autophagy and apoptosis in human airway smooth muscle.
    4. RNAi knockdown of GGTase-Ibeta inhibited invasion, disrupted F-actin organization and decreased the level of cofilin in PC-3 cells.
      Title: Inhibition of GGTase-I and FTase disrupts cytoskeletal organization of human PC-3 prostate cancer cells.
    5. Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-environment interaction, and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
      Title: Genetic variation in 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase modifies the chemopreventive activity of statins for colorectal cancer.
    6. Observational study and genome-wide association study of gene-disease association, gene-environment interaction, and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
      Title: Genome-wide scan of 500,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms among responders and nonresponders to interferon beta therapy in multiple sclerosis.
    7. results suggest that geranylgeranylation of RhoA is critical for cancer cell invasion
      Title: Selective inhibition of cancer cell invasion by a geranylgeranyltransferase-I inhibitor.
    8. Results suggest that all peptide substrates adopt a common binding mode in the protein farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase active site.
      Title: Crystallographic analysis of CaaX prenyltransferases complexed with substrates defines rules of protein substrate selectivity.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    HIV-1 interactions

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    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Tat tat FITC-labeled Tat 47-59 peptide downregulates gene expression of protein geranylgeranyltransferase type I, beta subunit (PGGT1B) in U-937 macrophages PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    contributes_to CAAX-protein geranylgeranyltransferase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables CAAX-protein geranylgeranyltransferase activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein geranylgeranyltransferase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables zinc ion binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in protein geranylgeranylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of CAAX-protein geranylgeranyltransferase complex IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    part_of CAAX-protein geranylgeranyltransferase complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of CAAX-protein geranylgeranyltransferase complex IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    geranylgeranyl transferase type-1 subunit beta
    Names
    CTC-428G20.3
    GGTase-I-beta
    geranylgeranyl transferase type I subunit beta
    geranylgeranyltransferase type I beta subunit
    protein geranylgeranyltransferase type I, beta subunit
    type I protein geranyl-geranyltransferase subunit beta
    NP_005014.2
    XP_005272077.2
    XP_011541792.1
    XP_047273270.1
    XP_054208798.1
    XP_054208799.1
    XP_054208800.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_005023.4 → NP_005014.2  geranylgeranyl transferase type-1 subunit beta

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005014.2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC008494, AL520655, AW382606, DA024020
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS4116.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P53609, Q5MJP9
      Related
      ENSP00000404676.1, ENST00000419445.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd02895
      Location:22 → 332
      GGTase-I; Geranylgeranyltransferase types I (GGTase-I)-like proteins containing the protein prenyltransferase (PTase) domain, beta subunit (alpha 6 - alpha 6 barrel fold). GGTase-I s are a subgroup of the protein prenyltransferase family of lipid-modifying enzymes ...

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000005.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      115204012..115262877 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_011543490.3 → XP_011541792.1  geranylgeranyl transferase type-1 subunit beta isoform X1

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd02895
      Location:22 → 332
      GGTase-I; Geranylgeranyltransferase types I (GGTase-I)-like proteins containing the protein prenyltransferase (PTase) domain, beta subunit (alpha 6 - alpha 6 barrel fold). GGTase-I s are a subgroup of the protein prenyltransferase family of lipid-modifying enzymes ...

    2. XM_005272020.4 → XP_005272077.2  geranylgeranyl transferase type-1 subunit beta isoform X2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005272077.2

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd02895
      Location:22 → 332
      GGTase-I; Geranylgeranyltransferase types I (GGTase-I)-like proteins containing the protein prenyltransferase (PTase) domain, beta subunit (alpha 6 - alpha 6 barrel fold). GGTase-I s are a subgroup of the protein prenyltransferase family of lipid-modifying enzymes ...

    3. XM_047417314.1 → XP_047273270.1  geranylgeranyl transferase type-1 subunit beta isoform X3

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060929.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      115713562..115776201 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054352823.1 → XP_054208798.1  geranylgeranyl transferase type-1 subunit beta isoform X1

    2. XM_054352824.1 → XP_054208799.1  geranylgeranyl transferase type-1 subunit beta isoform X2

    3. XM_054352825.1 → XP_054208800.1  geranylgeranyl transferase type-1 subunit beta isoform X3

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P53609.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P53609

    Gene LinkOut

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