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    PARP3 poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 3 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 10039, updated on 14-Nov-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    PARP3provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 3provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:273
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000041880 MIM:607726; AllianceGenome:HGNC:273
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    IRT1; ARTD3; ADPRT3; ADPRTL2; ADPRTL3; PADPRT-3
    Summary
    The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the PARP family. These enzymes modify nuclear proteins by poly-ADP-ribosylation, which is required for DNA repair, regulation of apoptosis, and maintenance of genomic stability. This gene encodes the poly(ADP-ribosyl)transferase 3, which is preferentially localized to the daughter centriole throughout the cell cycle. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in duodenum (RPKM 12.4), small intestine (RPKM 11.6) and 24 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See PARP3 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    3p21.2
    Exon count:
    11
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 3 NC_000003.12 (51942363..51948867)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 3 NC_060927.1 (51975282..51981786)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 3 NC_000003.11 (51976379..51982883)

    Chromosome 3 - NC_000003.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr3:51935927-51937126 Neighboring gene IQ motif containing F1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:51975282-51975930 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 19921 Neighboring gene ribosomal RNA processing 9, U3 small nucleolar RNA binding protein Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:51990057-51990645 Neighboring gene G protein-coupled receptor 62 Neighboring gene poly(rC) binding protein 4 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:51999749-52000312 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:52000313-52000874 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 14418 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 14419 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 14420 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:52002001-52002564 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:52002565-52003126 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:52007254-52008190 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 19922 Neighboring gene abhydrolase domain containing 14B

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Progress and outlook in studying the substrate specificities of PARPs and related enzymes.
      Title: Progress and outlook in studying the substrate specificities of PARPs and related enzymes.
    2. PARP Power: A Structural Perspective on PARP1, PARP2, and PARP3 in DNA Damage Repair and Nucleosome Remodelling.
      Title: PARP Power: A Structural Perspective on PARP1, PARP2, and PARP3 in DNA Damage Repair and Nucleosome Remodelling.
    3. gapped DNA that was ADP-ribosylated by PARP3 could be ligated to double-stranded DNA by DNA ligases. Moreover, this ADP-ribosylated DNA could serve as a primed DNA substrate for PAR chain elongation by the purified proteins PARP1 and PARP2 as well as by cell-free extracts.
      Title: Dna is a New Target of Parp3.
    4. The integral roles of PARP3 in DNA damage repair.
      Title: The Development of a Biotinylated NAD(+)-Applied Human Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 3 (PARP3) Enzymatic Assay.
    5. PARP3 can PARylate and mono(ADP-ribosyl)ate (MARylate), respectively, 5'- and 3'-terminal phosphate residues at double- and single-strand break termini of a DNA molecule containing multiple strand breaks.
      Title: Characterization of DNA ADP-ribosyltransferase activities of PARP2 and PARP3: new insights into DNA ADP-ribosylation.
    6. Our results indicated this approach with PARP3 inhibitors and vinorelbine is unique and promising for breast cancer patients with metastases. This combination could significantly increase the survival of breast cancer patients with metastases
      Title: PARP3 inhibitors ME0328 and olaparib potentiate vinorelbine sensitization in breast cancer cell lines.
    7. These data identify PARP3 as a molecular sensor of nicked nucleosomes.
      Title: PARP3 is a sensor of nicked nucleosomes and monoribosylates histone H2B(Glu2).
    8. PARP3 controls of TGFbeta-induced epithelial mesenchymal transformation and acquisition of stem-like cell features by stimulation transglutaminase 2/SNAI1 signaling.
      Title: PARP3 controls TGFβ and ROS driven epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and stemness by stimulating a TG2-Snail-E-cadherin axis.
    9. Data indicate that PARP3, a DNA damage-activated ADP-ribosyltransferase, can mono-ADP-ribosylate double-stranded DNA ends.
      Title: Reversible mono-ADP-ribosylation of DNA breaks.
    10. In a process of single-strand DNA repair, PARP3 mono-ADP-ribosylates nucleosomal histone H2B.
      Title: Nick Your DNA, Mark Your Chromatin.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (22)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables NAD DNA ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables NAD+-histone H2BE18 glutamate ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables NAD+-histone H2BE2 glutamate ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables NAD+-histone H2BE35 glutamate ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables NAD+-protein ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables NAD+-protein ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables NAD+-protein poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables NAD+-protein poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables NAD+-protein-aspartate ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables NAD+-protein-glutamate ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables NAD+-protein-lysine ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables catalytic activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    enables nucleotidyltransferase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in DNA ADP-ribosylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in double-strand break repair IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within double-strand break repair IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within double-strand break repair IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of isotype switching ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of DNA ligation IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in protein auto-ADP-ribosylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within protein localization to site of double-strand break IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    NOT involved_in protein poly-ADP-ribosylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of mitotic spindle organization IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within telomere maintenance IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in centriole IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in centrosome IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytoplasm IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in intercellular bridge IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in nuclear body IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in nucleolus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in site of double-strand break IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in site of double-strand break IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP3
    Names
    ADP-ribosyltransferase (NAD+; poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase)-like 2
    ADP-ribosyltransferase (NAD+; poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase)-like 3
    ADP-ribosyltransferase diphtheria toxin-like 3
    ADPRT-3
    DNA ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP3
    NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase 3
    NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase 3
    poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 3
    poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase-3
    poly[ADP-ribose] synthase 3
    poly[ADP-ribose] synthetase 3
    NP_001003931.4
    NP_001357168.1
    NP_001357169.1
    NP_005476.4
    XP_047303043.1
    XP_054200797.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001003931.4 → NP_001003931.4  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP3 isoform a

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes isoform b.
      Source sequence(s)
      CA309713, CA394313, Y16836
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS43097.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q8NER9, Q96CG2, Q9UG81, Q9Y6F1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q59HF6
      Related
      ENSP00000381740.4, ENST00000398755.8
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd08002
      Location:58 → 157
      WGR_PARP3_like; WGR domain of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 3 and similar proteins
      cd01437
      Location:182 → 532
      parp_like; Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (parp) catalytic domain catalyses the covalent attachment of ADP-ribose units from NAD+ to itself and to a limited number of other DNA binding proteins, which decreases their affinity for DNA. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is a ...

    2. NM_001370239.1 → NP_001357168.1  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP3 isoform a

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC115284, KF459622
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS43097.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q8NER9, Q96CG2, Q9UG81, Q9Y6F1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q59HF6
      Related
      ENSP00000395951.2, ENST00000417220.6
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd08002
      Location:58 → 157
      WGR_PARP3_like; WGR domain of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 3 and similar proteins
      cd01437
      Location:182 → 532
      parp_like; Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (parp) catalytic domain catalyses the covalent attachment of ADP-ribose units from NAD+ to itself and to a limited number of other DNA binding proteins, which decreases their affinity for DNA. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is a ...

    3. NM_001370240.1 → NP_001357169.1  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP3 isoform a

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC115284, KF459622
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS43097.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q8NER9, Q96CG2, Q9UG81, Q9Y6F1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q59HF6
      Related
      ENSP00000417396.2, ENST00000471971.6
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd08002
      Location:58 → 157
      WGR_PARP3_like; WGR domain of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 3 and similar proteins
      cd01437
      Location:182 → 532
      parp_like; Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (parp) catalytic domain catalyses the covalent attachment of ADP-ribose units from NAD+ to itself and to a limited number of other DNA binding proteins, which decreases their affinity for DNA. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is a ...

    4. NM_005485.6 → NP_005476.4  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP3 isoform a

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005476.4

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR and uses a downstream translational start codon, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (b) is shorter at the N-terminus, compared to isoform a.
      Source sequence(s)
      BI554046, CA309713, CA394313, Y16836
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS43097.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q8NER9, Q96CG2, Q9UG81, Q9Y6F1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q59HF6
      Related
      ENSP00000401511.1, ENST00000431474.6
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd08002
      Location:58 → 157
      WGR_PARP3_like; WGR domain of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 3 and similar proteins
      cd01437
      Location:182 → 532
      parp_like; Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (parp) catalytic domain catalyses the covalent attachment of ADP-ribose units from NAD+ to itself and to a limited number of other DNA binding proteins, which decreases their affinity for DNA. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is a ...

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000003.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      51942363..51948867
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_047447087.1 → XP_047303043.1  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP3 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q8NER9, Q96CG2, Q9UG81, Q9Y6F1

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060927.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      51975282..51981786
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054344822.1 → XP_054200797.1  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP3 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q8NER9, Q96CG2, Q9UG81, Q9Y6F1

    Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

    The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

    1. NM_001003935.2: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_001003935.2: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because currently there is insufficient support for the transcript and the protein.
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9Y6F1.4 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9Y6F1

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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