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    PARP11 poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 11 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 57097, updated on 2-Nov-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    PARP11provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 11provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:1186
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000111224 MIM:616706; AllianceGenome:HGNC:1186
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    ARTD11; MIB006; C12orf6
    Summary
    Enables NAD+-protein poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. Involved in protein auto-ADP-ribosylation. Located in cytosol; nuclear body; and nuclear envelope. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in prostate (RPKM 3.6), testis (RPKM 3.6) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See PARP11 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    12p13.32
    Exon count:
    10
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 12 NC_000012.12 (3808861..3873399, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 12 NC_060936.1 (3815532..3880061, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 12 NC_000012.11 (3918027..3982565, complement)

    Chromosome 12 - NC_000012.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene calcium release activated channel regulator 2A Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4141 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:3842402-3843030 Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 174, pseudogene Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4142 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107984495 Neighboring gene OTUD4 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4143 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:3983535-3984054 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:3983014-3983534 Neighboring gene PARP11 antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105369608 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:4053989-4054502 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:4099402-4099924 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:4099925-4100447 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105369611 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:4127463-4128060 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:4128061-4128656 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:4132239-4132836 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:4132837-4133432 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:4134031-4134626 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:4134627-4135224

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Spermatid head elongation with normal nuclear shaping requires ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP11 (ARTD11) in mice. Meyer-Ficca ML, et al. Biol Reprod, 2015 Mar. PMID 25673562, Free PMC Article
    2. The PARP superfamily. Amé JC, et al. Bioessays, 2004 Aug. PMID 15273990
    3. Genome-wide association analyses in East Asians identify new susceptibility loci for colorectal cancer. Jia WH, et al. Nat Genet, 2013 Feb. PMID 23263487, Free PMC Article
    4. Family-wide analysis of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity. Vyas S, et al. Nat Commun, 2014 Jul 21. PMID 25043379, Free PMC Article
    5. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 2a (USP2a) deubiquitinates and stabilizes β-catenin. Kim J, et al. Am J Cancer Res, 2018. PMID 30323974, Free PMC Article

    See all (26) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Clinical trial of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
      Title: Personalized smoking cessation: interactions between nicotine dose, dependence and quit-success genotype score.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Common genetic variation and performance on standardized cognitive tests.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Genome-wide association analyses in East Asians identify new susceptibility loci for colorectal cancer.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Genome-wide contribution of genotype by environment interaction to variation of diabetes-related traits.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • DKFZp779H0122

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables NAD+-protein ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables NAD+-protein ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables NAD+-protein poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables NAD+-protein poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables NAD+-protein-cysteine ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables NAD+-protein-lysine ADP-ribosyltransferase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables nucleotidyltransferase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in mRNA transport IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in nuclear envelope organization IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in protein auto-ADP-ribosylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in protein transport IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in spermatogenesis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in nuclear body IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in nuclear envelope IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of nuclear pore IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP11
    Names
    ADP-ribosyltransferase diphtheria toxin-like 11
    poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 11
    NP_001273450.1
    NP_001273451.1
    NP_065100.2
    XP_047285131.1
    XP_047285132.1
    XP_054228580.1
    XP_054228581.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001286521.2 → NP_001273450.1  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP11 isoform b

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001273450.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an exon in the 5' coding region and initiates translation at an alternate downstream start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (b) has a distinct N-terminus and is shorter than isoform 1. Variants 2 and 3 encode the same isoform (b).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC006207, AK299372, BX953946
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS66281.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q9NR21
      Related
      ENSP00000405385.3, ENST00000447133.7
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd01439
      Location:120 → 256
      TCCD_inducible_PARP_like; Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases catalyse the covalent attachment of ADP-ribose units from NAD+ to itself and to a limited number of other DNA binding proteins, which decreases their affinity for DNA. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is a regulatory component ...

    2. NM_001286522.2 → NP_001273451.1  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP11 isoform b

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001273451.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) contains an alternate exon and lacks an exon in the 5' coding region, and initiates translation at an alternate downstream start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (b) has a distinct N-terminus and is shorter than isoform 1. Variants 2 and 3 encode the same isoform (b).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC005842, AC006207, BX953946
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS66281.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q9NR21
      Related
      ENSP00000397058.2, ENST00000427057.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd01439
      Location:120 → 256
      TCCD_inducible_PARP_like; Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases catalyse the covalent attachment of ADP-ribose units from NAD+ to itself and to a limited number of other DNA binding proteins, which decreases their affinity for DNA. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is a regulatory component ...

    3. NM_020367.6 → NP_065100.2  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP11 isoform a

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_065100.2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longer isoform (a).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC006207, BC017569, BX953946
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS8523.2
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DRQ0, F8WBZ7, Q68DS1, Q8N5Y9, Q9NR21
      Related
      ENSP00000228820.4, ENST00000228820.9
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00678
      Location:34 → 114
      WWE; Domain in Deltex and TRIP12 homologues. Possibly involved in regulation of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis
      cd01439
      Location:201 → 337
      TCCD_inducible_PARP_like; Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases catalyse the covalent attachment of ADP-ribose units from NAD+ to itself and to a limited number of other DNA binding proteins, which decreases their affinity for DNA. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is a regulatory component ...

    RNA

    1. NR_104461.2 RNA Sequence

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) contains an alternate internal exon, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most expected translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC006207, AK314916, BX953946
      Related
      ENST00000458162.6

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000012.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      3808861..3873399 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_047429175.1 → XP_047285131.1  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP11 isoform X1

      Related
      ENSP00000392392.1, ENST00000416739.5

    2. XM_047429176.1 → XP_047285132.1  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP11 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      G3V0I3
      Related
      ENSP00000395062.2, ENST00000453942.2

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060936.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      3815532..3880061 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054372605.1 → XP_054228580.1  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP11 isoform X1

    2. XM_054372606.1 → XP_054228581.1  protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP11 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      G3V0I3
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9NR21.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9NR21

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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