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    ENDOU endonuclease, poly(U) specific [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 8909, updated on 28-Oct-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    ENDOUprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    endonuclease, poly(U) specificprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:14369
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000111405 MIM:606720; AllianceGenome:HGNC:14369
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    P11; PP11; PRSS26
    Summary
    This gene encodes a protein with endoribonuclease activity that binds polyuridine-enriched single-stranded RNA. This gene was initially characterized based on its high expression in placenta but was mischaracterized as a serine protease. In mouse, this gene promotes tolerance to self-antigens by regulating B cell activation-induced cell death (AICD). The protein may be useful as a tumor marker. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct protein isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2020]
    Expression
    Biased expression in esophagus (RPKM 34.0), skin (RPKM 9.4) and 1 other tissue See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See ENDOU in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    12q13.11
    Exon count:
    10
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 12 NC_000012.12 (47709734..47725490, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 12 NC_060936.1 (47671053..47686808, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 12 NC_000012.11 (48103517..48119273, complement)

    Chromosome 12 - NC_000012.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene STBD1 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:48030175-48030714 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6256 Neighboring gene RNA polymerase II associated protein 3 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancers GRCh37_chr12:48099027-48099528 and GRCh37_chr12:48099529-48100028 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6258 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6259 Neighboring gene RPAP3 divergent transcript Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4394 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4395 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr12:48131928-48133127 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6260 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6261 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:48146243-48146784 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 8178 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6262 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6263 Neighboring gene Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:48151874-48152542 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:48152543-48153211 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:48167242-48167748 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:48167749-48168253 Neighboring gene solute carrier family 48 member 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4398 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4399 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124902926 Neighboring gene histone deacetylase 7

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Homology of placental protein 11 and pea seed albumin 2 with vitronectin. Jenne D. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1991 May 15. PMID 1710108
    2. Connecting the dots on vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 using protein-protein interaction network analysis - Potential roles of placental ACE2 and ENDOU. Jing H, et al. Placenta, 2021 Jan 15. PMID 33197855, Free PMC Article
    3. The tumor marker human placental protein 11 is an endoribonuclease. Laneve P, et al. J Biol Chem, 2008 Dec 12. PMID 18936097, Free PMC Article
    4. Functional characterization of XendoU, the endoribonuclease involved in small nucleolar RNA biosynthesis. Gioia U, et al. J Biol Chem, 2005 May 13. PMID 15755742
    5. Immunohistochemical detection of pregnancy-specific protein (SP1) and placenta-specific tissue proteins (PP5, PP10, PP11 and PP12) in ovarian adenocarcinomas. Inaba N, et al. Oncodev Biol Med, 1982. PMID 6755403

    See all (16) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Poly(U)-specific endoribonuclease ENDOU promotes translation of human CHOP mRNA by releasing uORF element-mediated inhibition.
      Title: Poly(U)-specific endoribonuclease ENDOU promotes translation of human CHOP mRNA by releasing uORF element-mediated inhibition.
    2. Connecting the dots on vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 using protein-protein interaction network analysis - Potential roles of placental ACE2 and ENDOU.
      Title: Connecting the dots on vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 using protein-protein interaction network analysis - Potential roles of placental ACE2 and ENDOU.
    3. Clinical trial of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
      Title: Personalized smoking cessation: interactions between nicotine dose, dependence and quit-success genotype score.
    4. human placental protein 11 is an endoribonuclease
      Title: The tumor marker human placental protein 11 is an endoribonuclease.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • MGC133268

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables RNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables RNA endonuclease activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables RNA endonuclease activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables RNA endonuclease activity IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables growth factor activity NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables lyase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables manganese ion binding TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables polysaccharide binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables scavenger receptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    NOT enables serine-type peptidase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables serine-type peptidase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in female pregnancy IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in immune response IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of lipid catabolic process IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in post-transcriptional gene silencing IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in proteolysis IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in signal transduction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in vesicle-mediated transport IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytoplasm TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in extracellular region TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in extracellular space TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    uridylate-specific endoribonuclease
    Names
    22 serine protease
    26 serine protease
    endonuclease, polyU-specific
    placental protein 11
    poly(U)-specific endoribonuclease
    protein endoU

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001172439.2 → NP_001165910.1  uridylate-specific endoribonuclease isoform 1 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001165910.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longest protein (isoform 1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AI039727, AK075446, BC069698
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS53785.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2RBJ3, B3KQS7, B7Z6E1, P21128, Q2NKJ4
      Related
      ENSP00000397679.3, ENST00000422538.8
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      smart00201
      Location:86 → 128
      SO; Somatomedin B -like domains
      pfam01033
      Location:22 → 60
      Somatomedin_B; Somatomedin B domain
      pfam09412
      Location:139 → 405
      XendoU; Endoribonuclease XendoU

    2. NM_001172440.2 → NP_001165911.1  uridylate-specific endoribonuclease isoform 3 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001165911.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks two alternate in-frame exons, compared to variant 1. The resulting protein (isoform 3) has a shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC004241, AI039727, AK300169, DC381238
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS53784.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P21128
      Related
      ENSP00000445004.2, ENST00000545824.2
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00201
      Location:23 → 65
      SO; Somatomedin B -like domains
      pfam09412
      Location:76 → 342
      XendoU; Endoribonuclease XendoU

    3. NM_006025.4 → NP_006016.1  uridylate-specific endoribonuclease isoform 2 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_006016.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate in-frame exon in the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. The resulting protein (isoform 2) has a shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC004241, AI039727, BC111782
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS8754.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P21128
      Related
      ENSP00000229003.3, ENST00000229003.7
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00201
      Location:45 → 87
      SO; Somatomedin B -like domains
      pfam09412
      Location:98 → 364
      XendoU; Endoribonuclease XendoU

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000012.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      47709734..47725490 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060936.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      47671053..47686808 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P21128.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P21128

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