ACTR3 actin related protein 3 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: ACTR3provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: actin related protein 3provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:170
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000115091 MIM:604222; AllianceGenome:HGNC:170
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: ARP3
Summary: The specific function of this gene has not yet been determined; however, the protein it encodes is known to be a major constituent of the ARP2/3 complex. This complex is located at the cell surface and is essential to cell shape and motility through lamellipodial actin assembly and protrusion. Three transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2013]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in lymph node (RPKM 65.6), appendix (RPKM 59.7) and 24 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 2q14.1

Exon count:: 13

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	2	NC_000002.12 (113889934..113962596)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	2	NC_060926.1 (114314590..114387240)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	2	NC_000002.11 (114647511..114720173)

Chromosome 2 - NC_000002.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

LINC01133 promotes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma epithelial-mesenchymal transition mediated by SPP1 through binding to Arp3.
Title: LINC01133 promotes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma epithelial-mesenchymal transition mediated by SPP1 through binding to Arp3.
Transition State of Arp2/3 Complex Activation by Actin-Bound Dimeric Nucleation-Promoting Factor.
Title: Transition State of Arp2/3 Complex Activation by Actin-Bound Dimeric Nucleation-Promoting Factor.
ARPC5 isoforms and their regulation by calcium-calmodulin-N-WASP drive distinct Arp2/3-dependent actin remodeling events in CD4 T cells.
Title: ARPC5 isoforms and their regulation by calcium-calmodulin-N-WASP drive distinct Arp2/3-dependent actin remodeling events in CD4 T cells.
Proline-rich 11 (PRR11) drives F-actin assembly by recruiting the actin-related protein 2/3 complex in human non-small cell lung carcinoma.
Title: Proline-rich 11 (PRR11) drives F-actin assembly by recruiting the actin-related protein 2/3 complex in human non-small cell lung carcinoma.
Partial loss of actin nucleator actin-related protein 2/3 activity triggers blebbing in primary T lymphocytes.
Title: Partial loss of actin nucleator actin-related protein 2/3 activity triggers blebbing in primary T lymphocytes.
Overall, the authors demonstrate the active role of the Arp2/3 complex and WIPF2 in mediating the internalization of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia into human airway epithelial cells.
Title: Phagocytosis of Aspergillus fumigatus by Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Is Mediated by the Arp2/3 Complex and WIPF2.
Proteins involved in actin-filament-based processes, specifically CDC42 and members of the ARP2/3 complex are crucial for establishment of Japanese encephalitis virus infection.
Title: Membrane trafficking RNA interference screen identifies a crucial role of the clathrin endocytic pathway and ARP2/3 complex for Japanese encephalitis virus infection in HeLa cells.
Collectively, our results demonstrate that palladin can functionally replace the Arp2/3 complex during bacterial actin-based cellular entry and intracellular motility of Listeria monocytogenes.
Title: Palladin Compensates for the Arp2/3 Complex and Supports Actin Structures during Listeria Infections.
we conclude that ARP3 may be a potential prognostic indicator and therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma
Title: ARP3 promotes tumor metastasis and predicts a poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.
RARalpha regulates Arp2/3-mediated actin cytoskeletal dynamics through a non-genomic signaling pathway
Title: Non-genomic activities of retinoic acid receptor alpha control actin cytoskeletal events in human platelets.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (51)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genome-wide meta-analysis of systolic blood pressure in children with sickle cell disease. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Replication interactions

Interaction	Pubs
HIV-1 VLP production/release from Jurkat T lymphocytes requires an intact RAC1-WASF2-BAIAP2-ARP3 pathway as demonstrated by siRNA knockdown experiments	PubMed
Knockdown of ARP3 by shRNA inhibits HIV-1 infection in CEM-SS cells	PubMed

Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120	env	Downregulation of the Wave2 signaling complex (Tiam-1, Abl, Rac, IRSp53, Wave2, and Arp3) with siRNA reduces HIV-1 Env-mediated cell-cell fusion and virus-cell fusion	PubMed
Pr55(Gag)	gag	HIV-1 Gag is required by RAC1-WASF2-BAIAP2-ARP3 pathway for HIV VLP production/release from Jurkat T lymphocytes	PubMed
Tat	tat	Expression of HIV-1 Tat upregulates the abundance of ARP3 actin-related protein 3 homolog (ACTR3) in the nucleoli of Jurkat T-cells	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

WI-20350 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:11559

D2S2582 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:80700

WI-12604 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:12714

RH68378 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:60848

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
contributes_to actin filament binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
contributes_to actin filament binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables structural constituent of cytoskeleton	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in actin polymerization-dependent cell motility	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in asymmetric cell division	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular response to type II interferon	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cilium assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in establishment or maintenance of cell polarity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in meiotic chromosome movement towards spindle pole	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in meiotic cytokinesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in spindle localization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of Arp2/3 protein complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of Arp2/3 protein complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of Arp2/3 protein complex	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in actin cytoskeleton	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in brush border	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cell-cell junction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in extracellular exosome	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in focal adhesion	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in lamellipodium	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in membrane	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in site of double-strand break	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: actin-related protein 3

Names: ARP3 actin related protein 3 homolog; actin-like protein 3

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001277140.1 → NP_001264069.1 actin-related protein 3 isoform 2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001264069.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate first exon compared to variant 1, resulting in translation initiation at a downstream AUG and an isoform (2) that is shorter at the N-terminus compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AC110769, AI521063, AK316396

Consensus CDS

CCDS63000.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B4DXW1, Q59FV6

Related

ENSP00000444987.1, ENST00000535589.3

Conserved Domains (1) summary

PTZ00280
Location:2 → 366

PTZ00280; Actin-related protein 3; Provisional
NM_005721.5 → NP_005712.1 actin-related protein 3 isoform 1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005712.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).

Source sequence(s)

AC110769, AI521063, BC044590, DB453995

Consensus CDS

CCDS33277.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P32391, P61158, Q53QM2

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q59FV6

Related

ENSP00000263238.2, ENST00000263238.7

Conserved Domains (1) summary

PTZ00280
Location:2 → 417

PTZ00280; Actin-related protein 3; Provisional

RNA

NR_102318.1 RNA Sequence

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks an alternate coding exon compared to variant 1, that causes a frameshift. This variant is represented as non-coding due to the presence of an upstream ORF that is predicted to interfere with translation of the longest ORF; translation of the upstream ORF renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).

Source sequence(s)

AC110769, AI521063, AK300030, BC044590, DB453995