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Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120
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env
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Vaccine with CCL3 inserted in the targeting unit induces a higher number of HIV-1 gp120-reactive T cells in vivo compared to gp120 only |
PubMed
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env
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HIV-1 gp120 induces the release of cytokines MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, IL-6, IL10, and TNF-alpha in immature dentritic cells |
PubMed
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env
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The CCR5 chemokine receptor is required for the entry of macrophage-tropic HIV-1 into target cells; the HIV-1 gp120-CD4 complex binds CCR5, which inhibits the binding of the natural CCR5 ligands macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and MIP-1beta |
PubMed
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env
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HIV-1 gp120 binding causes increased expression of CCL3 in T cells |
PubMed
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env
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Exposure of macrophages to purified CCR5- or CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 induces secretion of high levels of macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha (MIP-1alpha), MIP-1beta, RANTES, and tumor necrosis factor alpha |
PubMed
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env
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NK cells exposed to CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 gp120 produce lower levels of CC chemokines RANTES, MIP-1alpha, and MIP-1beta compared with that produced from untreated NK cells |
PubMed
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env
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HIV-1 gp120 from a T-cell-tropic virus causes CD4-dependent antagonism of CXCR4 response to SDF-1alpha, whereas gp120 from macrophage-tropic viruses causes CD4-dependent antagonism of CCR5 response to MIP-1alpha |
PubMed
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env
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The neuroprotective action of VIP on gp120-induced neuronal cell death is attenuated by co-treatment with anti-MIP-1alpha, suggesting that the neuroprotective action of VIP is linked in part to its release of MIP-1alpha |
PubMed
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env
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The chemokine receptor CCR5 is posttranslationally modified by sulfation of its N-terminal tyrosines; sulfated tyrosines contribute to the binding of CCR5 to MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, and HIV-1 gp120/CD4 complexes and to the ability of HIV-1 to enter cells |
PubMed
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env
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N-formyl-methionyl-leucylphenyl-alanine binding to formyl peptide receptor (FPR) results in significant attenuation of cell responses to CCR5 ligands and in inhibition of HIV-1 gp120-mediated fusion and infection of cells expressing CD4, CCR5, and FPR |
PubMed
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Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor
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env
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A significant level of MIP1A is upregulated when PBMCs are stimulated with HIV-1 gp140 |
PubMed
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Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41
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env
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A synthetic peptide corresponding to the immunosuppressive domain (amino acids 574-592) of HIV-1 gp41 inhibits activation of PBMCs and upregulates the expression of MIP-1alpha in peptide-treated PBMCs |
PubMed
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env
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HIV-1 gp41 stimulates microglial cell production of cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6) and chemokines (RANTES and MIP-1alpha) |
PubMed
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Nef
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nef
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The expression of HIV-1 Nef in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) increases the concentration of MIP-1alpha |
PubMed
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nef
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HIV-1 Nef-stimulated CD8+ T cells upregulate mRNAs expression for IFN-gamma, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1alphaP, MIP-1beta, TNFRSF9, XCL1, and GM-CSF compared to unstimulated cells |
PubMed
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nef
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HIV-1 Nef impairs the mobility of primary CD4+ lymphocytes and inhibits chemotaxis of primary T cells to CCL3 |
PubMed
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nef
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HIV-1 Nef expression by immature human and macaque dendritic cells (DCs) upregulates IL-6, IL-12, TNF-alpha, CXCL8, CCL3, and CCL4 release, but without upregulating co-stimulatory and other molecules characteristic of mature DCs |
PubMed
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Pr55(Gag)
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gag
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MVA-gag induces a significant release of cytokines such as IL-2R, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, MCP-1, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES by the infected monocyte-derived dendritic cells in comparison with uninfected cells |
PubMed
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gag
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HIV-1 Gag virus-like particles expressed by recombinant baculoviruses activate human PBMC to release GM-CSF and MIP-1alpha in a dose-and time-dependent manner |
PubMed
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Tat
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tat
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HIV-1 and the viral protein Tat modulate the expression of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 (CCL3; MIP-1-alpha) in immature dendritic cells and monocyte-derived macrophages |
PubMed
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tat
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HIV-1 Tat upregulates MIP-1alpha expression in microglia, MDDC, and T and B cell lines, an effect that suggests Tat plays an important role in the pathogenesis of HIV encephalitis and AIDS associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) |
PubMed
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tat
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HIV-1 Tat enhances the NFkappaB activity and promotes the transcriptional activation of MIP-1alpha by interacting with IkappaB-alpha and p65 RelA |
PubMed
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tat
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Wild-type Tat but not Cys-22 and oxidized Tat induces CD1A-expressing monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) maturation and increases the production of cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-12, MIP-1alpha, and MIP-1beta |
PubMed
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tat
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HIV-1 Tat downregulates MIP-1alpha expression in Jurkat T-cells by inducing MNP-1 |
PubMed
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Vpr
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vpr
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HIV-1 Vpr downregulates the expression of beta chemokines in primary lymphocytes and macrophage, including MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, and RANTES |
PubMed
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capsid
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gag
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HIV-1 CA-stimulated CD8+ T cells upregulate mRNAs expression for IFN-gamma, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1alphaP, MIP-1beta, TNFRSF9, XCL1, and GM-CSF compared to unstimulated cells |
PubMed
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matrix
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gag
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HIV-1 Matrix is able to reduce MIP-1alpha secretion from IL-15-stimulated monocyte cells |
PubMed
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