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    CYREN cell cycle regulator of NHEJ [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 78996, updated on 28-Oct-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    CYRENprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    cell cycle regulator of NHEJprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:22432
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000122783 MIM:616980; AllianceGenome:HGNC:22432
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    MRI; MRI-2; C7orf49; CYREN-1; CYREN-2
    Summary
    Predicted to enable damaged DNA binding activity. Involved in double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining and negative regulation of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining. Located in cytoplasm and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Oct 2024]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in lung (RPKM 6.0), spleen (RPKM 6.0) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See CYREN in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    7q33
    Exon count:
    6
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 7 NC_000007.14 (135092303..135172469, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 7 NC_060931.1 (136400107..136478562, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 7 NC_000007.13 (134777061..134855459, complement)

    Chromosome 7 - NC_000007.14Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124901750 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr7:134426881-134427534 Neighboring gene tubulin beta 3 class III pseudogene 2 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr7:134469373-134469873 Neighboring gene caldesmon 1 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr7:134529756-134530955 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26694 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 18675 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 18674 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr7:134622660-134622865 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26695 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26696 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26697 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26698 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26699 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26700 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26701 Neighboring gene AGBL carboxypeptidase 3 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr7:134760279-134760886 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak6750 silencer Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26702 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26704 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26703 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26705 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26706 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26707 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 18676 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26708 Neighboring gene RNF14 pseudogene 4 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26709 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26710 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26711 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr7:134877948-134879147 Neighboring gene transmembrane protein 140 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26712 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr7:134888580-134888794 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 18677 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr7:134893611-134894810 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 18678 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26713 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr7:134935285-134935435 Neighboring gene WD repeat domain 91 Neighboring gene microRNA 6509 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107984123 Neighboring gene stimulated by retinoic acid 8

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. The Ku-binding motif is a conserved module for recruitment and stimulation of non-homologous end-joining proteins. Grundy GJ, et al. Nat Commun, 2016 Apr 11. PMID 27063109, Free PMC Article
    2. Regulation of DNA repair pathway choice in S and G2 phases by the NHEJ inhibitor CYREN. Arnoult N, et al. Nature, 2017 Sep 20. PMID 28959974, Free PMC Article
    3. A human short open reading frame (sORF)-encoded polypeptide that stimulates DNA end joining. Slavoff SA, et al. J Biol Chem, 2014 Apr 18. PMID 24610814, Free PMC Article
    4. Isolation, characterization, and genetic complementation of a cellular mutant resistant to retroviral infection. Agarwal S, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2006 Oct 24. PMID 17043244, Free PMC Article
    5. Developmental changes in the transcriptome of human cerebral cortex tissue: long noncoding RNA transcripts. Lipovich L, et al. Cereb Cortex, 2014 Jun. PMID 23377288

    See all (18) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. proposition that CYREN is a direct cell-cycle-dependent inhibitor of cNHEJ that promotes error-free repair by homologous recombination during cell cycle phases when sister chromatids are present
      Title: Regulation of DNA repair pathway choice in S and G2 phases by the NHEJ inhibitor CYREN.
    2. Interacts with Ku and enhances efficiency of DNA double strand break ligation in vitro
      Title: A human short open reading frame (sORF)-encoded polypeptide that stimulates DNA end joining.
    3. Characterizes the hamster ortholog and suggests that it may modulate the ability of the proteasome to degrade retroviral cores upon cellular infection.
      Title: Isolation, characterization, and genetic complementation of a cellular mutant resistant to retroviral infection.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • MGC5242, FLJ22450, FLJ27285

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables damaged DNA binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in immunoglobulin V(D)J recombination ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in protein localization to site of double-strand break IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of DNA repair complex IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in site of double-strand break ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining
    Names
    modulator of retrovirus infection homolog

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001243749.2 → NP_001230678.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001230678.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR and uses an alternate splice site in the coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. Variants 2, 3, 4 and 5 encode the same small ORF (sORF)-encoded polypeptide (SEP) (isoform 2, also known as MRI-2), which is shorter and has a distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK026103, BC000168, CB961457
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS75663.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      C9JKC7

    2. NM_001243751.2 → NP_001230680.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001230680.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses an alternate splice site in the coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. Variants 2, 3, 4 and 5 encode the same small ORF (sORF)-encoded polypeptide (SEP) (isoform 2, also known as MRI-2), which is shorter and has a distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      BC000168, BC067350, CB961457
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS75663.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      C9JKC7
      Related
      ENSP00000389941.2, ENST00000430372.1

    3. NM_001243752.2 → NP_001230681.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001230681.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in the 5' UTR and uses an alternate splice site in the coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. Variants 2, 3, 4 and 5 encode the same small ORF (sORF)-encoded polypeptide (SEP) (isoform 2, also known as MRI-2), which is shorter and has a distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC083862, AI632984, BC000168, BE674385, BM727569, DA213716
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS75663.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      C9JKC7
      Related
      ENSP00000480430.1, ENST00000617987.1

    4. NM_001243753.2 → NP_001230682.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001230682.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) differs in the 5' UTR and uses an alternate splice site in the coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. Variants 2, 3, 4 and 5 encode the same small ORF (sORF)-encoded polypeptide (SEP) (isoform 2, also known as MRI-2), which is shorter and has a distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC083862, BC000168, BG770658
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS75663.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      C9JKC7

    5. NM_001243754.2 → NP_001230683.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform 3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001230683.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (6) uses an alternate splice site and initiates translation at a downstream, in-frame start codon, compared to variant 1. Variants 6 and 7 encode the same isoform (3), which has a shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      BC000168, BQ423284
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS59082.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q9BWK5
      Related
      ENSP00000473365.1, ENST00000483029.2
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam15325
      Location:1 → 102
      MRI; Modulator of retrovirus infection

    6. NM_001243755.2 → NP_001230684.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform 3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001230684.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (7) differs in the 5' UTR, uses an alternate splice site and initiates translation at a downstream, in-frame start codon, compared to variant 1. Variants 6 and 7 encode the same isoform (3), which has a shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC083862, AL708733, BC000168
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS59082.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q9BWK5
      Related
      ENSP00000481014.1, ENST00000620897.4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam15325
      Location:1 → 102
      MRI; Modulator of retrovirus infection

    7. NM_001305629.2 → NP_001292558.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform 4

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (8) uses an alternate splice site and lacks an alternate exon in the coding region, but maintains the reading frame, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (4) is shorter than isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC083862, BC067350, HY026093
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q9BWK5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam15325
      Location:59 → 144
      MRI; Modulator of retrovirus infection

    8. NM_001305630.2 → NP_001292559.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform 5

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (9) uses an alternate splice site, lacks a portion of the 3' coding region, and contains an alternate 3' terminal exon, resulting in a distinct 3' UTR, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (5) has a shorter and distinct C-terminus than isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC083862, AI335567, BC050676, CB961457
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      C9JKC7
      Related
      ENST00000459937.5

    9. NM_001363329.2 → NP_001350258.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform 1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      BC000168, BP213903, CB132932
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS5838.2
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A0A024R780, A0A087WWQ8, Q6NWZ4, Q6ZNR5, Q9BWK5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam15325
      Location:52 → 157
      MRI; Modulator of retrovirus infection

    10. NM_001363330.2 → NP_001350259.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform 1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC083862, BC000168, BE674385, BP213903, CB132932
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS5838.2
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A0A024R780, A0A087WWQ8, Q6NWZ4, Q6ZNR5, Q9BWK5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam15325
      Location:52 → 157
      MRI; Modulator of retrovirus infection

    11. NM_024033.4 → NP_076938.2  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_076938.2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (1, also known as MRI-1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC083862
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS5838.2
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A0A024R780, A0A087WWQ8, Q6NWZ4, Q6ZNR5, Q9BWK5
      Related
      ENSP00000376823.3, ENST00000393114.8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam15325
      Location:52 → 157
      MRI; Modulator of retrovirus infection

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000007.14 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      135092303..135172469 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_017012595.2 → XP_016868084.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      C9JKC7

    2. XM_017012591.3 → XP_016868080.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform X3

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A0A024R780, A0A087WWQ8, Q6NWZ4, Q6ZNR5, Q9BWK5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam15325
      Location:52 → 157
      MRI; Modulator of retrovirus infection

    3. XM_047420824.1 → XP_047276780.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform X1

    4. XM_017012592.3 → XP_016868081.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform X1

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam15325
      Location:59 → 144
      MRI; Modulator of retrovirus infection

    5. XM_047420823.1 → XP_047276779.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform X1

    6. XM_047420825.1 → XP_047276781.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform X2

    7. XM_047420826.1 → XP_047276782.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform X2

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060931.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      136400107..136478562 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054358988.1 → XP_054214963.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform X2

    2. XM_054358984.1 → XP_054214959.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform X1

    3. XM_054358985.1 → XP_054214960.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform X1

    4. XM_054358986.1 → XP_054214961.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform X2

    5. XM_054358987.1 → XP_054214962.1  cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining isoform X2

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9BWK5.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9BWK5

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