Adk adenosine kinase [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Adkprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: adenosine kinaseprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:2046
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000012325 AllianceGenome:RGD:2046
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: AK
Summary: Enables adenosine kinase activity. Involved in several processes, including adenosine metabolic process; circadian regulation of gene expression; and type B pancreatic cell proliferation. Located in cytoplasm and nucleus. Used to study brain infarction. Biomarker of temporal lobe epilepsy. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in hypermethioninemia due to adenosine kinase deficiency. Orthologous to human ADK (adenosine kinase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression: Biased expression in Liver (RPKM 1210.9), Kidney (RPKM 595.5) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 15p16

Exon count:: 12

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	15	NC_086033.1 (2912543..3295745, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	15	NC_051350.1 (2863241..3246453, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	15	NC_005114.4 (3033535..3435888, complement)

Chromosome 15 - NC_086033.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

ADK was associated with astrogliosis after TBI, its inhibition in reactive astrocytes ameliorated astrogliosis-induced neuronal death. Our findings extended the current knowledge on the role of ADK in astrogliosis, and also provided new evidence for the TBI treatment.
Title: Adenosine kinase facilitated astrogliosis-induced cortical neuronal death in traumatic brain injury.
Adenosine kinase inhibition selectively promotes rodent and porcine islet beta-cell replication
Title: Adenosine kinase inhibition selectively promotes rodent and porcine islet β-cell replication.
Adenosine kinase is an important mediator of adenosine attenuation of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
Title: Adenosine kinase regulation of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
In the developing cochlea, ADK is strongly expressed in multiple cell types at birth and reaches its peak level of expression at postnatal day 21; it is involved in purine salvage pathways for nucleotide synthesis in the adult cochlea.
Title: Role of adenosine kinase in cochlear development and response to noise.
The reaction catalyzed by adenosine kinase (adenosine + ATP --> AMP + ADP) can be easily reversed when coupled with adenosine deaminase, which transforms adenosine into inosine and ammonia.
Title: A kinetic study of the rat liver adenosine kinase reverse reaction.
Expression level of adenosine kinase in rat tissues. Lack of phosphate effect on the enzyme activity.
Title: Expression level of adenosine kinase in rat tissues. Lack of phosphate effect on the enzyme activity.
biochemical analysis of adenosine kinase from rat liver
Title: Adenosine kinase from rat liver: new biochemical properties.
Data show that insulin stimulates AK gene expression through a series of events occurring sequentially; this includes activation of the MAPK cascade and subsequent phosphorylation of Elk-1 followed by increased expression of c-fos and c-jun genes
Title: Insulin induces expression of adenosine kinase gene in rat lymphocytes by signaling through the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.

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General gene information

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Markers

AW533987 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:246037

RH94859 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:120105

AU046642 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:111259

BE111570 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:245697

Adk (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:141036

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables adenosine kinase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables adenosine kinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables adenosine kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables adenosine kinase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables deoxyadenosine kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables deoxyadenosine kinase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within AMP biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in AMP salvage	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in AMP salvage	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in GMP salvage	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in GMP salvage	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in adenosine metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in circadian regulation of gene expression	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in dAMP salvage	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in dAMP salvage	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in dATP biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within dATP biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of T cell proliferation	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of T cell proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in purine nucleobase metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in purine ribonucleoside salvage	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within purine ribonucleoside salvage	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in purine ribonucleoside salvage	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in type B pancreatic cell proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nucleoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in plasma membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: adenosine kinase

Names: adenosine 5'-phosphotransferase

NP_037027.2

EC 2.7.1.20

XP_006251693.1

EC 2.7.1.20

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_012895.3 → NP_037027.2 adenosine kinase

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_037027.2

Status: PROVISIONAL

Source sequence(s)

BC081712

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O09162, Q642G1, Q64640

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0G2JSL8, A6KKR8

Related

ENSRNOP00000016709.4, ENSRNOT00000016709.6

Conserved Domains (2) summary

PTZ00247
Location:19 → 360

PTZ00247; adenosine kinase; Provisional

cl00192
Location:28 → 360

ribokinase_pfkB_like; ribokinase/pfkB superfamily: Kinases that accept a wide variety of substrates, including carbohydrates and aromatic small molecules, all are phosphorylated at a hydroxyl group. The superfamily includes ribokinase, fructokinase, ketohexokinase, ...

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

NC_086033.1 Reference GRCr8

Range

2912543..3295745 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_006251631.3 → XP_006251693.1 adenosine kinase isoform X1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0G2K6X9, A6KKS1

Related

ENSRNOP00000073983.1, ENSRNOT00000080274.3

Conserved Domains (2) summary

PTZ00247
Location:60 → 402

PTZ00247; adenosine kinase; Provisional

cl00192
Location:70 → 402

ribokinase_pfkB_like; ribokinase/pfkB superfamily: Kinases that accept a wide variety of substrates, including carbohydrates and aromatic small molecules, all are phosphorylated at a hydroxyl group. The superfamily includes ribokinase, fructokinase, ketohexokinase, ...