SAR1 Arf family GTPase SAR1 [Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C] - Gene

Summary

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Official Symbol: SAR1
Official Full Name: Arf family GTPase SAR1
Primary source: SGD:S000006139
Locus tag: YPL218W
See related: AllianceGenome:SGD:S000006139; FungiDB:YPL218W; VEuPathDB:YPL218W
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C (strain: S288C)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; Saccharomycotina; Saccharomycetes; Saccharomycetales; Saccharomycetaceae; Saccharomyces
Summary: Enables GTPase activity. Involved in several processes, including mitochondrion organization; nuclear envelope organization; and regulation of COPII vesicle coating. Located in endoplasmic reticulum exit site and mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane contact site. Part of COPII vesicle coat. Used to study chylomicron retention disease. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in chylomicron retention disease. Orthologous to human SAR1A (secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A) and SAR1B (secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1B). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
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Genomic context

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See SAR1 in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: XVI

Exon count:: 2

Sequence:: Chromosome: XVI; NC_001148.4 (138698..139409)

Chromosome XVI - NC_001148.4 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_001148.4

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Structural basis for the initiation of COPII vesicle biogenesis.
Title: Structural basis for the initiation of COPII vesicle biogenesis.
It demonstrates that, besides its well-established role in ER-to-Golgi trafficking, the nuclear localization of Sar1 is essential for the viability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Title: Implication of a Novel Function of Sar1 in the Nucleus.
The product of AN11127 accelerates nucleotide exchange on SAR1, but not on its closely related GTPase ArfA(ARF1), as expected for a bona fide guanine nucleotide exchange factor.
Title: Identification of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for SAR1 in the filamentous fungal model Aspergillus nidulans.
Sar1 is a novel regulator of endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial contact sites in the metazoans.
Title: Sar1, a Novel Regulator of ER-Mitochondrial Contact Sites.
demonstrated that the chromosomal deletion of NEL1 leads to a significant growth defect in the temperature-sensitive sar1D32G background, suggesting a possible functional link between these proteins
Title: Sec23 homolog Nel1 is a novel GTPase-activating protein for Sar1 but does not function as a subunit of the coat protein complex II (COPII) coat.
The structure of Sec12 implicates potassium ion coordination in Sar1 activation.
Title: The structure of Sec12 implicates potassium ion coordination in Sar1 activation.
Data suggest that Sed4p appears to accelerate the dissociation of the Sec23/24p coat from the membrane, but the effect is limited to Sar1p molecules that do not capture cargo protein.
Title: Sed4p stimulates Sar1p GTP hydrolysis and promotes limited coat disassembly.
Thus, the initiation of vesicle budding by Sar1p couples the generation of membrane curvature with coat-protein assembly and cargo capture.
Title: Sar1p N-terminal helix initiates membrane curvature and completes the fission of a COPII vesicle.
a model for the maintenance of kinetically stable prebudding complexes during the Sar1p GTPase cycle that regulates cargo sorting into transport vesicles
Title: Dissection of COPII subunit-cargo assembly and disassembly kinetics during Sar1p-GTP hydrolysis.

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Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by SGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables GTP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables GTPase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables GTPase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables GTPase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables hydrolase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in intracellular protein transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in membrane organization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in membrane organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in mitochondrial fission	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in mitochondrial membrane organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in nuclear envelope organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in protein transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of COPII vesicle coating	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of COPII vesicle coating	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in vesicle organization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in vesicle organization	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in vesicle-mediated transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of COPII vesicle coat	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of COPII vesicle coat	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in Golgi apparatus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in Golgi membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytoplasmic vesicle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in endoplasmic reticulum exit site	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum exit site	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane contact site	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane contact site	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
located_in mitochondrion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: Arf family GTPase SAR1

NP_015106.1

ARF family GTPase; component of the COPII vesicle coat; required for transport vesicle formation during ER to Golgi protein transport; lowers membrane rigidity aiding vesicle formation; localizes to ER-mitochondrial contact sites where it enhances membrane curvature, thereby reducing contact size via its N-terminal amphipathic helix; regulates mitochondrial fission and fusion dynamics

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_001148.4 Reference assembly

Range

138698..139409

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001184032.1 → NP_015106.1 TPA: Arf family GTPase SAR1 [Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_015106.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

D6W3F2, P20606

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6ZW37, B3LKL2, C8ZIG2, G2WNW7, N1NVN1

Conserved Domains (1) summary

smart00178
Location:7 → 190

SAR; Sar1p-like members of the Ras-family of small GTPases