TPPP tubulin polymerization promoting protein [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: TPPPprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: tubulin polymerization promoting proteinprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:24164
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000171368 MIM:608773; AllianceGenome:HGNC:24164
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: p24; p25; TPPP1; TPPP/p25; p25alpha
Summary: Enables several functions, including magnesium ion binding activity; microtubule nucleator activity; and protein homodimerization activity. Involved in several processes, including microtubule cytoskeleton organization; negative regulation of tubulin deacetylation; and positive regulation of protein polymerization. Located in several cellular components, including cytoskeleton; mitochondrion; and perinuclear region of cytoplasm. Is active in Golgi apparatus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Oct 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in brain (RPKM 45.7), lung (RPKM 7.7) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 5p15.33

Exon count:: 7

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	5	NC_000005.10 (659862..700727, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	5	NC_060929.1 (657955..690778, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	5	NC_000005.9 (659977..693467, complement)

Chromosome 5 - NC_000005.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

TPPP-BRD9 fusion-related gallbladder carcinomas are frequently associated with intracholecystic neoplasia, neuroendocrine carcinoma, and a distinctive small tubular-type adenocarcinoma commonly accompanied with a syringomatous pattern.
Title: TPPP-BRD9 fusion-related gallbladder carcinomas are frequently associated with intracholecystic neoplasia, neuroendocrine carcinoma, and a distinctive small tubular-type adenocarcinoma commonly accompanied with a syringomatous pattern.
Perspective Strategies for Interventions in Parkinsonism: Remedying the Neglected Role of TPPP.
Title: Perspective Strategies for Interventions in Parkinsonism: Remedying the Neglected Role of TPPP.
HERV-W Envelope Triggers Abnormal Dopaminergic Neuron Process through DRD2/PP2A/AKT1/GSK3 for Schizophrenia Risk.
Title: HERV-W Envelope Triggers Abnormal Dopaminergic Neuron Process through DRD2/PP2A/AKT1/GSK3 for Schizophrenia Risk.
Anti-Aggregative Effect of the Antioxidant DJ-1 on the TPPP/p25-Derived Pathological Associations of Alpha-Synuclein.
Title: Anti-Aggregative Effect of the Antioxidant DJ-1 on the TPPP/p25-Derived Pathological Associations of Alpha-Synuclein.
This study revealed the low expression level of TPPP in pancreatic cancer cells. In addition, the high expression of TPPP promotes the invasion, migration and angiogenesis of pancreatic cancer cells.
Title: YY1 targets tubulin polymerisation-promoting protein to inhibit migration, invasion and angiogenesis in pancreatic cancer via p38/MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways.
These results demonstrate that TPPP on Golgi outposts are important for local microtubule nucleation and myelin sheath elongation.
Title: The Golgi Outpost Protein TPPP Nucleates Microtubules and Is Critical for Myelination.
The binding of TPPP/p25 to a new binding site of DYNLL/LC8, outside the canonical binding groove, counteracted the TPPP/p25-derived hyperacetylation of the microtubule network.
Title: Interactions between two regulatory proteins of microtubule dynamics, HDAC6, TPPP/p25, and the hub protein, DYNLL/LC8.
TPPP/p25 is co-enriched and co-localized with alpha-synuclein in brain inclusions of Parkinson's disease patients. Interaction of alpha-synuclein with various deletion mutants and fragments of TPPP/p25 were characterized.
Title: Challenging drug target for Parkinson's disease: Pathological complex of the chameleon TPPP/p25 and alpha-synuclein proteins.
The objective of this paper is to highlight a critical point of a recently published Skoufias's paper in which the crucial role of the microtubules in TPPP/p25 dimerization leading to microtubule bundling was suggested.
Title: Further evidence for microtubule-independent dimerization of TPPP/p25.
This study demonstrated that the AAV9-mediated p25 overexpression mouse model, which is a practical model exhibiting neurodegeneration-like pathological and behavioral changes.
Title: Neurodegeneration-Like Pathological and Behavioral Changes in an AAV9-Mediated p25 Overexpression Mouse Model.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (43)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genome-wide association identifies multiple ulcerative colitis susceptibility loci. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Replication interactions

Interaction	Pubs
Knockdown of tubulin polymerization promoting protein (TPPP) by siRNA inhibits the early stages of HIV-1 replication in 293T cells infected with VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RH44504 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:5146

WI-16049 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:80579

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables GTPase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables magnesium ion binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables microtubule binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables microtubule nucleator activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein dimerization activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein homodimerization activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables tubulin binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables tubulin binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables tubulin binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in astral microtubule organization	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in cell division	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in microtubule bundle formation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in microtubule bundle formation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in microtubule bundle formation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in microtubule nucleation by microtubule organizing center	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in microtubule polymerization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in microtubule polymerization	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in microtubule polymerization	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in myelin assembly	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of tubulin deacetylation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in oligodendrocyte development	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in oligodendrocyte differentiation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of myelination	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein polymerization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein polymerization	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of protein-containing complex assembly	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in Golgi apparatus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
colocalizes_with microtubule	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
colocalizes_with microtubule	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
colocalizes_with microtubule bundle	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in microtubule organizing center	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in mitochondrion	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in mitotic spindle	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in postsynaptic Golgi apparatus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: tubulin polymerization-promoting protein

Names: 25 kDa brain-specific protein; brain specific protein p25 alpha; glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) inhibitor p24; p25-alpha

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_007030.3 → NP_008961.1 tubulin polymerization-promoting protein

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_008961.1

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AB017016, AI796918, AW955330, BQ066916, BU726600, DB478250, DB546894

Consensus CDS

CCDS3856.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O94811

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q4L233

Related

ENSP00000353785.5, ENST00000360578.7

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam05517
Location:52 → 207

p25-alpha; p25-alpha

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000005.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Range

659862..700727 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_024454346.1 → XP_024310114.1 tubulin polymerization-promoting protein isoform X2

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O94811

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q4L233

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam05517
Location:52 → 207

p25-alpha; p25-alpha
XM_047416674.1 → XP_047272630.1 tubulin polymerization-promoting protein isoform X2

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O94811

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q4L233
XM_017008993.2 → XP_016864482.1 tubulin polymerization-promoting protein isoform X1

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

NC_060929.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Range

657955..690778 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_054351515.1 → XP_054207490.1 tubulin polymerization-promoting protein isoform X3
XM_054351516.1 → XP_054207491.1 tubulin polymerization-promoting protein isoform X2

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O94811

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q4L233
XM_054351514.1 → XP_054207489.1 tubulin polymerization-promoting protein isoform X3
XM_054351513.1 → XP_054207488.1 tubulin polymerization-promoting protein isoform X3
XM_054351512.1 → XP_054207487.1 tubulin polymerization-promoting protein isoform X1