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    PTGES prostaglandin E synthase [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 9536, updated on 28-Oct-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    PTGESprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    prostaglandin E synthaseprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:9599
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000148344 MIM:605172; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9599
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    PGES; MPGES; PIG12; PP102; PP1294; MGST-IV; MGST1L1; TP53I12; mPGES-1; MGST1-L1
    Summary
    The protein encoded by this gene is a glutathione-dependent prostaglandin E synthase. The expression of this gene has been shown to be induced by proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 1 beta (IL1B). Its expression can also be induced by tumor suppressor protein TP53, and may be involved in TP53 induced apoptosis. Knockout studies in mice suggest that this gene may contribute to the pathogenesis of collagen-induced arthritis and mediate acute pain during inflammatory responses. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Biased expression in placenta (RPKM 28.7), urinary bladder (RPKM 13.8) and 12 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Genomic context

    See PTGES in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    9q34.11
    Exon count:
    3
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 9 NC_000009.12 (129738349..129753042, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 9 NC_060933.1 (141942947..141957638, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 9 NC_000009.11 (132500628..132515321, complement)

    Chromosome 9 - NC_000009.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene paired related homeobox 2 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:132474701-132475516 Neighboring gene PRRX2 antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:132486991-132487490 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124902284 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr9:132489030-132489223 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 29119 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:132504976-132505476 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:132537345-132537911 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:132539303-132539818 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr9:132543973-132544473 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 29120 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 3625 Neighboring gene UBE2V1 pseudogene 4 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20388 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20389 Neighboring gene torsin family 1 member B

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 env A synthetic peptide corresponding to the immunosuppressive domain (amino acids 574-592) of HIV-1 gp41 upregulates the expression of prostaglandin E synthase (PTGES) in peptide-treated PBMCs PubMed
    capsid gag Immunosuppressive peptides corresponding to HIV-1 Capsid amino acids 218-238 upregulate prostaglandin E2 production and induce IL-10 secretion PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Clone Names

    • MGC10317

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables glutathione binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables glutathione peroxidase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables glutathione transferase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables prostaglandin-D synthase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables prostaglandin-E synthase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables prostaglandin-E synthase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in cell population proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular oxidant detoxification IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of cell population proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in prostaglandin biosynthetic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in prostaglandin biosynthetic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in prostaglandin biosynthetic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in prostaglandin metabolic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of fever generation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of inflammatory response ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in sensory perception of pain ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in signal transduction NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    is_active_in membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    located_in membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in nuclear envelope lumen IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    prostaglandin E synthase
    Names
    MGST1-like 1
    glutathione S-transferase 1-like 1
    glutathione peroxidase PTGES
    glutathione transferase PTGES
    microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1-like 1
    microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1
    p53-induced apoptosis protein 12
    p53-induced gene 12 protein
    tumor protein p53 inducible protein 12
    NP_004869.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_004878.5NP_004869.1  prostaglandin E synthase

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_004869.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AL590369, BC008280
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS6927.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O14684, O14900, Q5SZC0
      Related
      ENSP00000342385.4, ENST00000340607.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam01124
      Location:16146
      MAPEG; MAPEG family

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000009.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      129738349..129753042 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060933.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      141942947..141957638 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

    The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

    1. NM_198797.1: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_198797.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because it is a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) candidate.