LXN latexin [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: LXNprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: latexinprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:13347
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000079257 MIM:609305; AllianceGenome:HGNC:13347
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: ECI; TCI
Summary: This gene encodes the only known protein inhibitor of zinc-dependent metallocarboxypeptidases. The encoded protein, latexin, downregulates the population size of hematopoietic stem cells. This protein is found to be downregulated in cancer cells because of promoter hypermethylation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2020]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in ovary (RPKM 17.1), gall bladder (RPKM 15.4) and 24 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 3q25.32

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	3	NC_000003.12 (158666414..158672648, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	3	NC_060927.1 (161440336..161446570, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	3	NC_000003.11 (158384203..158390437, complement)

Chromosome 3 - NC_000003.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Circ_0002715 promotes the development of osteoarthritis through regulating LXN by sponging miR-127-5p.
Title: Circ_0002715 promotes the development of osteoarthritis through regulating LXN by sponging miR-127-5p.
The putative tumour suppressor protein Latexin is secreted by prostate luminal cells and is downregulated in malignancy.
Title: The putative tumour suppressor protein Latexin is secreted by prostate luminal cells and is downregulated in malignancy.
Deletion of latexin in vivo increases HSC repopulation capacity and survival, expands the entire hematopoietic system, and mitigates myelosuppression. Latexin inactivation downregulates thrombospondin 1 (Thbs1). It inhibits nuclear translocation of ribosomal protein subunit 3 (Rps3), a novel latexin-binding protein, and sensitizes hematopoietic cells to radiation-induced cell death.
Title: Latexin and hematopoiesis.
Results identified that LXN expression inversely modulates taxane-chemoresistance in the PC-3 prostate cancer cell line. Inhibition of LXN expression in the bone microenvironment promotes chemoresistance, in part through a methylation-dependent mechanism.
Title: Bone Microenvironment Changes in Latexin Expression Promote Chemoresistance.
Results show that Lxn expression was clearly decreased in the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tissues suggesting it that as a tumor suppressor that targets CD133-positive cancer cells.
Title: Latexin exhibits tumor-suppressor potential in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Lxn protein and mRNA expression levels in CD133+ miapaca-2 cells were significantly lower than those in CD133- cells.
Title: Latexin inhibits the proliferation of CD133+ miapaca-2 pancreatic cancer stem-like cells.
latexin is markedly downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma specimens, compared to adjacent non-cancerous tissues.
Title: Latexin exhibits tumor suppressor potential in hepatocellular carcinoma.
CD146 and Lxn increased tumor migration and invasion of thyroid cancer.
Title: Clinical significance of CD146 and latexin during different stages of thyroid cancer.
The hematopoietic stem cell regulatory gene latexin has tumor-suppressive properties in malignant melanoma.
Title: The hematopoietic stem cell regulatory gene latexin has tumor-suppressive properties in malignant melanoma.
These results are consistent with a tumor suppressor role for latexin.
Title: Latexin is down-regulated in hematopoietic malignancies and restoration of expression inhibits lymphoma growth.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (12)

Phenotypes

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Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables heparin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables metalloendopeptidase inhibitor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in detection of temperature stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in inflammatory response	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of peptidase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: latexin

Names: MUM; endogenous carboxypeptidase inhibitor; tissue carboxypeptidase inhibitor

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.