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    KYNU kynureninase [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 8942, updated on 2-Nov-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    KYNUprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    kynureninaseprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:6469
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000115919 MIM:605197; AllianceGenome:HGNC:6469
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    KYNUU; VCRL2
    Summary
    Kynureninase is a pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (pyridoxal-P) dependent enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of L-kynurenine and L-3-hydroxykynurenine into anthranilic and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acids, respectively. Kynureninase is involved in the biosynthesis of NAD cofactors from tryptophan through the kynurenine pathway. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2010]
    Expression
    Broad expression in liver (RPKM 2.5), urinary bladder (RPKM 1.8) and 14 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See KYNU in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    2q22.2
    Exon count:
    18
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 2 NC_000002.12 (142877664..143055833)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 2 NC_060926.1 (143325958..143504091)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 2 NC_000002.11 (143635233..143813402)

    Chromosome 2 - NC_000002.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105373652 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 16598 Neighboring gene HNF1 motif-containing MPRA enhancer 151 Neighboring gene RRN3 pseudogene 4 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 11989 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:143672145-143673020 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124907894 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr2:143688223-143689422 Neighboring gene stress induced phosphoprotein 1 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene SFXN4 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:143763291-143763928 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:143763929-143764566 Neighboring gene MT-CYB pseudogene 11 Neighboring gene MT-ND6 pseudogene 11

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Tat tat Microarray analysis indicates HIV-1 Tat-induced upregulation of kynureninase (KYNU) in primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables kynureninase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables kynureninase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables kynureninase activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein homodimerization activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables pyridoxal phosphate binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    located_in cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    located_in mitochondrion IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in nucleoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    kynureninase
    NP_001028170.1
    NP_001186170.1
    NP_003928.1
    XP_016860706.1
    XP_047302206.1
    XP_047302207.1
    XP_047302208.1
    XP_047302209.1
    XP_054200389.1
    XP_054200390.1
    XP_054200391.1
    XP_054200392.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_023254.2 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5002..183171
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001032998.2NP_001028170.1  kynureninase isoform b

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001028170.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR, 3' UTR and coding region compared to variant 3. The resulting isoform (b) is shorter and has a distinct C-terminus compared to isoform a.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC013444, BC000879
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS33299.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q16719
      Related
      ENSP00000364928.2, ENST00000375773.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl28159
      Location:30301
      Aminotran_5; Aminotransferase class-V
    2. NM_001199241.2NP_001186170.1  kynureninase isoform a

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001186170.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) represents the longest transcript variant. Variants 1 and 3 encode isoform a.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC013437, AK315343, AW290980
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS2183.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2RCZ5, D3DP79, Q16719, Q6I9T2, Q9BVW3
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K4D5
      Related
      ENSP00000386731.1, ENST00000409512.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      TIGR01814
      Location:30459
      kynureninase; kynureninase
    3. NM_003937.3NP_003928.1  kynureninase isoform a

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_003928.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) differs in the 5'UTR compared to variant 3.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC013437, AL548658, AW296221, U57721
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS2183.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2RCZ5, D3DP79, Q16719, Q6I9T2, Q9BVW3
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K4D5
      Related
      ENSP00000264170.4, ENST00000264170.9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      TIGR01814
      Location:30459
      kynureninase; kynureninase

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000002.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      142877664..143055833
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_047446250.1XP_047302206.1  kynureninase isoform X1

    2. XM_047446252.1XP_047302208.1  kynureninase isoform X2

    3. XM_047446251.1XP_047302207.1  kynureninase isoform X2

    4. XM_017005217.2XP_016860706.1  kynureninase isoform X2

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q16719
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl28159
      Location:30301
      Aminotran_5; Aminotransferase class-V
    5. XM_047446253.1XP_047302209.1  kynureninase isoform X3

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q53SX6

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060926.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      143325958..143504091
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054344414.1XP_054200389.1  kynureninase isoform X1

    2. XM_054344417.1XP_054200392.1  kynureninase isoform X2

    3. XM_054344416.1XP_054200391.1  kynureninase isoform X2

    4. XM_054344415.1XP_054200390.1  kynureninase isoform X2