CHRNG cholinergic receptor nicotinic gamma subunit [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: CHRNGprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: cholinergic receptor nicotinic gamma subunitprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:1967
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000196811 MIM:100730; AllianceGenome:HGNC:1967
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: ACHRG
Summary: The mammalian muscle-type acetylcholine receptor is a transmembrane pentameric glycoprotein with two alpha subunits, one beta, one delta, and one epsilon (in adult skeletal muscle) or gamma (in fetal and denervated muscle) subunit. This gene, which encodes the gamma subunit, is expressed prior to the thirty-third week of gestation in humans. The gamma subunit of the acetylcholine receptor plays a role in neuromuscular organogenesis and ligand binding and disruption of gamma subunit expression prevents the correct localization of the receptor in cell membranes. Mutations in this gene cause Escobar syndrome and a lethal form of multiple pterygium syndrome. Muscle-type acetylcholine receptor is the major antigen in the autoimmune disease myasthenia gravis.[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]
Expression: Low expression observed in reference dataset See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 2q37.1

Exon count:: 12

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2023_10	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	2	NC_000002.12 (232539692..232548115)
RS_2023_10	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	2	NC_060926.1 (233026474..233034899)
105.20220307	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	2	NC_000002.11 (233404402..233412825)

Chromosome 2 - NC_000002.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Our study contributes to further define the phenotypic spectrum of CHRNG-related nonlethal MPS, including muscle imaging features, which may be useful in distinguishing it from other diffuse arthrogryposis entities.
Title: CHRNG-related nonlethal multiple pterygium syndrome: Muscle imaging pattern and clinical, histopathological, and molecular genetic findings.
A homozygous nonsense CHRNG variant c.136C>T (p.R46*), predicted to produce a truncated protein that leads to acetylcholine receptor deficiency was detected in a consanguineous Pakistani family with Escobar syndrome.
Title: Molecular Diagnosis of Rare Autosomal Recessive Escobar Syndrome in a Consanguineous Pakistani Family.
CHRNG mutations associated with interfamilial variability of the severity of the Escobar variant of multiple pterygium syndrome
Title: Truncating CHRNG mutations associated with interfamilial variability of the severity of the Escobar variant of multiple pterygium syndrome.
Two siblings with Escobar syndrome caused by homozygous mutations of the CHRNG gene were identified.
Title: Orthopaedic manifestations and treatment outcome of two siblings with Escobar syndrome and homozygous mutations in the CHRNG gene.
Rare cases of congenital arthrogryposis multiplex caused by novel recurrent CHRNG mutations.
Title: Rare cases of congenital arthrogryposis multiplex caused by novel recurrent CHRNG mutations.
No mutations were found in CHRNG, CHRND and CHRNA1 genes of Indian families with Escobar syndrome.
Title: Clinical phenotype and the lack of mutations in the CHRNG, CHRND, and CHRNA1 genes in two Indian families with Escobar syndrome.
We did not identify a clear difference in mutation spectrum of the CHRNG gene between lethal form and non-lethal forms of multiple pterygium syndromes
Title: CHRNG genotype-phenotype correlations in the multiple pterygium syndromes.
Detection of PAX3/7-FKHR fusion gene by one-step RT-PCR is useful in the diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) and that AChR-gamma is overexpressed in Chinese RMS patients.
Title: PAX--FKHR fusion genes and AChR-gamma in Chinese patients with rhabdomyosarcoma: diagnosis using formalin-fixed archival tissues.
constructed and characterized four AChR gamma extracellular domain variants
Title: Mutant forms of the extracellular domain of the human acetylcholine receptor gamma-subunit with improved solubility and enhanced antigenicity. The importance of the Cys-loop.
This study suggests for the first time in humans, a possible role for genetic variation in the neuromuscular nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, particularly the gamma subunit, in systolic blood pressure regulation
Title: Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit variants are associated with blood pressure; findings in the Old Order Amish and replication in the Framingham Heart Study.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (14)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description	Tests
Autosomal recessive multiple pterygium syndrome MedGen: C0265261 OMIM: 265000 GeneReviews: Not available	Compare labs
Lethal multiple pterygium syndrome MedGen: C1854678 OMIM: 253290 GeneReviews: Not available	Compare labs

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genome-wide meta-analyses of multiancestry cohorts identify multiple new susceptibility loci for refractive error and myopia. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:481644

RH80272 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:87667

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables acetylcholine receptor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables acetylcholine-gated monoatomic cation-selective channel activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables channel activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables transmitter-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in chemical synaptic transmission	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in excitatory postsynaptic potential	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in membrane depolarization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in monoatomic ion transmembrane transport	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in monoatomic ion transmembrane transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in muscle contraction	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in signal transduction	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in synaptic transmission, cholinergic	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of acetylcholine-gated channel complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in neuron projection	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in plasma membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in postsynaptic membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in synapse	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: acetylcholine receptor subunit gamma

Names: acetylcholine receptor, muscle, gamma subunit; acetylcholine receptor, nicotinic, gamma (muscle); cholinergic receptor, nicotinic gamma; cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, gamma (muscle); cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, gamma polypeptide

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_012954.2 RefSeqGene

Range

5001..13424

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_1275

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_005199.5 → NP_005190.4 acetylcholine receptor subunit gamma precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005190.4

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC092165, AK125362

Consensus CDS

CCDS33400.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B3KWM8, P07510, Q14DU4, Q53RG2

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A6F7YAP6

Related

ENSP00000498757.1, ENST00000651502.1

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd19029
Location:49 → 241

LGIC_ECD_nAChR_G; extracellular domain of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit gamma (CHRNG)

pfam02932
Location:248 → 492

Neur_chan_memb; Neurotransmitter-gated ion-channel transmembrane region