Prl2c2 prolactin family 2, subfamily c, member 2 [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Prl2c2provided by MGI
Official Full Name: prolactin family 2, subfamily c, member 2provided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:97618
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000079092 AllianceGenome:MGI:97618
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: Plf; Ghd2; Plf1; MRP-1; PLF-1
Summary: Enables growth factor activity and hormone activity. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration; positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation; and regulation of cell projection organization. Located in endoplasmic reticulum and extracellular space. Is expressed in extraembryonic component and placenta. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in carotid artery disease. Orthologous to human PRL (prolactin). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression: Restricted expression toward placenta adult (RPKM 2175.4) See more
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Genomic context

Location:: 13 A1; 13 5.18 cM

Exon count:: 7

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	13	NC_000079.7 (13170705..13179978, complement)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	13	NC_000079.6 (12996120..13005393, complement)

Chromosome 13 - NC_000079.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Tumor-secreted proliferin-1 regulates adipogenesis and lipolysis in cachexia.
Title: Tumor-secreted proliferin-1 regulates adipogenesis and lipolysis in cachexia.
Persistent Human KIT Receptor Signaling Disposes Murine Placenta to Premature Differentiation Resulting in Severely Disrupted Placental Structure and Functionality.
Title: Persistent Human KIT Receptor Signaling Disposes Murine Placenta to Premature Differentiation Resulting in Severely Disrupted Placental Structure and Functionality.
This study identified Prl2c2 as a driver of tumorigenesis in a spontaneous model and confirmed that prolactin signaling supports tumorigenesis in high grade serous ovarian cancer.
Title: Prolactin signaling drives tumorigenesis in human high grade serous ovarian cancer cells and in a spontaneous fallopian tube derived model.
In serum-free conditioned media derived from v-src-transformed cells, we identified two growth promoting factors: ostepontin and proliferin. Osteopontin plays a prevalent role in promoting growth of v-src-transformed cells in serum-deprived condition.
Title: Growth of v-src-transformed cells in serum-free medium through the induction of growth factors.
Observations demonstrate a FGF/STAT5/PLF signaling cascade in capillary endothelial cells and implicate PLF as autocrine regulator of endothelial cell invasion and tube formation.
Title: Angiogenesis induced by signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A (STAT5A) is dependent on autocrine activity of proliferin.
These results identify Msi1 as a key determinant of the mammary lineage through its ability to coordinate cell cycle entry and activate the Notch and Wnt pathways by a novel autocrine process involving PLF1 and DKK3.
Title: Musashi1 modulates mammary progenitor cell expansion through proliferin-mediated activation of the Wnt and Notch pathways.
plf-mRNA is differentially expressed in murine skin in response to mechanistically distinct tumor promoters.
Title: Mitogen-regulated protein/proliferin mRNA induction following single applications of tumor promoters to murine skin.
Large cells that expressed the trophoblast giant cell-specific gene Plf (encoding Proliferin) invaded during the early postimplantation period in a pattern tightly associated with spiral arteries.
Title: Interactions between trophoblast cells and the maternal and fetal circulation in the mouse placenta.
efflux mediated by mrp1 does not seem to occur across the luminal membrane of the endothelial cells forming the mouse blood-brain barrier
Title: Apparent lack of Mrp1-mediated efflux at the luminal side of mouse blood-brain barrier endothelial cells.
Data demonstrate that proliferin (Plf)1, Plf1 minus exon3, Plf2 and Mrp3 but not Mrp4 are expressed in mouse whole brain by diagnostic RT-PCR and Western blotting.
Title: Proliferin enhances microvilli formation and cell growth of neuroblastoma cells.

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Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Targeted (1) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

Prl2c2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:532242

Prl2c2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:531485

Mrpplf3 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:143906

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables growth factor activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables hormone activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables hormone activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables prolactin receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of blood vessel endothelial cell migration	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of cell projection organization	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in cell surface receptor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in female pregnancy	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in mammary gland development	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of myoblast differentiation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of myoblast differentiation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of neuroblast proliferation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of angiogenesis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of cell projection organization	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of lactation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of microvillus assembly	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in response to nutrient levels	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within sprouting angiogenesis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in endoplasmic reticulum	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: prolactin-2C2

Names: growth hormone d2; mitogen-regulated protein 1; proliferin; proliferin-1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_031191.2 → NP_112468.1 prolactin-2C2 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_112468.1

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

BC080826, CT033774

Consensus CDS

CCDS36596.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B7ZNU8, P04095, Q498A4, Q61899

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0M6L0W4, Q6P215, Q7TND2

Related

ENSMUSP00000106224.3, ENSMUST00000110594.4

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam00103
Location:33 → 224

Hormone_1; Somatotropin hormone family

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

NC_000079.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Range

13170705..13179978 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_006516577.2 → XP_006516640.1 prolactin-2C2 isoform X2

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cl07831
Location:13 → 167

growth_hormone_like; Somatotropin/prolactin hormone family
XM_017315421.2 → XP_017170910.1 prolactin-2C2 isoform X1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q6P215, Q7TND2

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam00103
Location:22 → 222

Hormone_1; Somatotropin hormone family