mastl.L microtubule associated serine/threonine kinase like L homeolog [Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: mastl.L
Official Full Name: microtubule associated serine/threonine kinase like L homeolog
Primary source: Xenbase:XB-GENE-964551
Locus tag: XELAEV_18030757mg
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSXLAG00005035129 AllianceGenome:Xenbase:XB-GENE-964551
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Xenopus laevis
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Amphibia; Batrachia; Anura; Pipoidea; Pipidae; Xenopodinae; Xenopus; Xenopus
Also known as: GW; GWL; thc2; mastl; MAST-L; greatwall
Summary: Enables protein phosphatase 2A binding activity and protein serine/threonine kinase activity. Acts upstream of or within DNA damage response and G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle. Predicted to be located in centrosome; cleavage furrow; and nucleus. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in thrombocytopenia. Orthologous to human MASTL (microtubule associated serine/threonine kinase like). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
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Genomic context

Location:: chromosome: 6L

Exon count:: 13

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
101	current	Xenopus_laevis_v10.1 (GCF_017654675.1)	6L	NC_054381.1 (24156963..24174967)
100	previous assembly	Xenopus_laevis_v2 (GCF_001663975.1)	6L	NC_030734.1 (21666091..21683984)

Chromosome 6L - NC_054381.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Data suggest Greatwall kinase (Gwl) associates with protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), particularly PP1gamma subunit, which mediates dephosphorylation of Gwl Ser-883; consistent with mitotic activation of Gwl, its association with PP1 is disrupted in mitotic cells; subunits PPP1R3B and PPP1R13L associate with Gwl; thus, PPP1R3B appears to act as cell cycle regulator in oocytes that functions by governing Gwl dephosphorylation.
Title: Cell cycle-dependent regulation of Greatwall kinase by protein phosphatase 1 and regulatory subunit 3B.
Full dephosphorylation of Gwl results in complete inactivation of Arpp19 and ENSA, and dephosphorylation of mitotic substrates. this feed-back loop irreversibly induces mitotic exit.
Title: Greatwall dephosphorylation and inactivation upon mitotic exit is triggered by PP1.
study provides evidence that PP1 targets the auto-phosphorylation site of Gwl, resulting in efficient Gwl inactivation; this step is necessary to facilitate subsequent complete dephosphorylation of Gwl by PP2A-B55
Title: Protein phosphatase 1 is essential for Greatwall inactivation at mitotic exit.
we showed that the Gwl nuclear localization is indispensable for the biochemical function of Gwl in promoting mitotic entry.
Title: Regulation of Greatwall kinase by protein stabilization and nuclear localization.
PP2A-B55delta, Greatwall and ARPP19 are not only required for entry into meiotic divisions, but are also pivotal effectors within the Cdk1 auto-regulatory loop responsible for its independence with respect to the PKA-negative control.
Title: The phosphorylation of ARPP19 by Greatwall renders the auto-amplification of MPF independently of PKA in Xenopus oocytes.
Greatwall kinase and cyclin B-Cdk1 are both critical constituents of M-phase-promoting factor.
Title: Greatwall kinase and cyclin B-Cdk1 are both critical constituents of M-phase-promoting factor.
inhibition of PP2A-B55delta results from Ensa, that is phosphorylated in mitosis by the protein kinase Greatwall; this converts Ensa into specific inhibitor of PP2A-B55delta; this pathway represents a previously unknown element in mitosis control
Title: Greatwall phosphorylates an inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A that is essential for mitosis.
3 phosphorylation sites (phosphosites) critical to Gwl activation (pT193, pT206, and pS883 in Xenopus laevis) located in evolutionarily conserved domains that differentiate Gwl from related kinases
Title: Determinants for activation of the atypical AGC kinase Greatwall during M phase entry.
Coordinated interplays between Plx1 and Gwl are required for reactivation of these kinases from the G(2)/M DNA damage checkpoint and efficient checkpoint recovery.
Title: Greatwall and Polo-like kinase 1 coordinate to promote checkpoint recovery.
mitotic entry and maintenance is not only mediated by the activation of cyclin B-Cdc2 but also by the regulation of PP2A by GW
Title: Greatwall maintains mitosis through regulation of PP2A.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (11)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by Xenbase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H2AS1 kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein phosphatase 2A binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein serine kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within DNA damage response	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within DNA damage response	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within cell division	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within intracellular signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within mitotic cell cycle	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within phosphorylation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within protein autophosphorylation	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within protein phosphorylation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in centrosome	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in centrosome	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in cleavage furrow	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytoskeleton	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleoplasm	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: serine/threonine-protein kinase greatwall

Names: Microtubule-associated serine/threonine-protein kinase-like; microtubule associated serine/threonine kinase-like

NP_001084629.1

EC 2.7.11.1

XP_041421328.1

EC 2.7.11.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001091160.1 → NP_001084629.1 serine/threonine-protein kinase greatwall

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001084629.1

Status: PROVISIONAL

Source sequence(s)

BC068968

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q6NTJ3

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A974HF09

Related

ENSXLAP00005105030.1, ENSXLAT00005107075.1

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00220
Location:34 → 178

S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain

cd05610
Location:27 → 231

STKc_MASTL; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Microtubule-associated serine/threonine-like kinase (also called greatwall kinase)

cl21453
Location:724 → 878

PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Xenopus laevis Annotation Release 101 details...

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference Xenopus_laevis_v10.1 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_054381.1 Reference Xenopus_laevis_v10.1 Primary Assembly

Range

24156963..24174967

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_041565394.1 → XP_041421328.1 serine/threonine-protein kinase greatwall isoform X1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A8J1KX42, A0A974HF09

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd05610
Location:27 → 231

STKc_MASTL; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Microtubule-associated serine/threonine-like kinase (also called greatwall kinase)

cl21453
Location:724 → 767

PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain