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    GGTA1 glycoprotein alpha-galactosyltransferase 1 [ Sus scrofa (pig) ]

    Gene ID: 396733, updated on 17-Aug-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    GGTA1provided by VGNC
    Official Full Name
    glycoprotein alpha-galactosyltransferase 1provided by VGNC
    Primary source
    VGNC:VGNC:112761
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSSSCG00000005518
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Sus scrofa
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Suina; Suidae; Sus
    Also known as
    GGTA1P; alpha1,3GT
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in spleen (RPKM 57.2), lung (RPKM 50.4) and 8 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    human mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See GGTA1 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    chromosome: 1
    Exon count:
    9
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    106 current Sscrofa11.1 (GCF_000003025.6) 1 NC_010443.5 (261511304..261587968, complement)
    105 previous assembly Sscrofa10.2 (GCF_000003025.5) 1 NC_010443.4 (293629349..293704917, complement)

    Chromosome 1 - NC_010443.5Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene N-acetyllactosaminide alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase-like Neighboring gene heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1-like Neighboring gene aldose 1-epimerase pseudogene Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC110256217 Neighboring gene DAB2 interacting protein

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Transcriptome data used for gene annotation Transcriptome data used for gene annotation
    • Description: Nine kinds of tissues and a mixture of multiple tissues were sequenced for genome annotation
    • BioProject: PRJNA311523
    • Publication: PMID 27646534
    • Analysis date: Thu Dec 14 17:10:49 2017

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Gal knockout pig pericardium: new source of material for heart valve bioprostheses. Lila N, et al. J Heart Lung Transplant, 2010 May. PMID 20036160
    2. cDNA sequence and chromosome localization of pig alpha 1,3 galactosyltransferase. Strahan KM, et al. Immunogenetics, 1995. PMID 7528726
    3. Isolation of the regulatory regions and genomic organization of the porcine alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase gene. Koike C, et al. Transplantation, 2000 Nov 15. PMID 11087141, Free PMC Article
    4. Inhibition of xenogeneic response in porcine endothelium using RNA interference. Zhu M, et al. Transplantation, 2005 Feb 15. PMID 15699758
    5. Potential of aspirin to inhibit thrombotic microangiopathy in alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase gene-knockout pig hearts after transplantation in baboons. Dor FJ, et al. Transplant Proc, 2005 Jan-Feb. PMID 15808685

    See all (30) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Efficient generation of GGTA1-deficient pigs by electroporation of the CRISPR/Cas9 system into in vitro-fertilized zygotes.
      Title: Efficient generation of GGTA1-deficient pigs by electroporation of the CRISPR/Cas9 system into in vitro-fertilized zygotes.
    2. Viable pigs after simultaneous inactivation of porcine MHC class I and three xenoreactive antigen genes GGTA1, CMAH and B4GALNT2.
      Title: Viable pigs after simultaneous inactivation of porcine MHC class I and three xenoreactive antigen genes GGTA1, CMAH and B4GALNT2.
    3. Silencing the GGTA1, CMAH and B4GalNT2 genes in pigs achieved a significant antigen reduction. Changing the porcine carbohydrate profile effectively mediates human antibody-mediated complement dependent cytoxicity.
      Title: Silencing porcine genes significantly reduces human-anti-pig cytotoxicity profiles: an alternative to direct complement regulation.
    4. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from the transgenic pigs were more resistant to lysis by pooled complement-preserved normal human serum than that from wild type (WT) pig. Accordingly, GGTA1 mutated piglets expressing hCD39 will provide a new organ source for xenotransplantation research
      Title: Production of heterozygous alpha 1,3-galactosyltransferase (GGTA1) knock-out transgenic miniature pigs expressing human CD39.
    5. Many waitlisted renal transplant patients have minimal xenoreactive antibody binding to the GGTA1/CMAH/B4GalNT2 knockout pig, but some HLA antibodies in sensitized patients cross-react with class I SLA.
      Title: Humoral Reactivity of Renal Transplant-Waitlisted Patients to Cells From GGTA1/CMAH/B4GalNT2, and SLA Class I Knockout Pigs.
    6. Silencing the porcine CMAH/GGTA1 genes necessary to avoid antibody-mediated rejection in a pig-to-human model also reduces the xenogeneic consumption of human platelets by the porcine liver.
      Title: Silencing Porcine CMAH and GGTA1 Genes Significantly Reduces Xenogeneic Consumption of Human Platelets by Porcine Livers.
    7. alpha 1-3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-knockout pig did not appear to have an advantage over the GalT-KO pig with respect to reactivity with human antibodies from a xenotransplantation perspective
      Title: The alpha1,3GalT knockout/alpha1,2FucT transgenic pig does not appear to have an advantage over the alpha1,3GalT knockout pig with respect to glycolipid reactivity with human serum antibodies.
    8. GGTA1/CMAH knockout pig samples had increased relative amounts of high-mannose, incomplete, and xylosylated N-linked glycans
      Title: N-linked glycan profiling of GGTA1/CMAH knockout pigs identifies new potential carbohydrate xenoantigens.
    9. study demonstrated that ZFN is an efficient tool in creating gene-modified pigs. GGTA1 null pigs and GGTA1 null fetal fibroblasts would benefit research and pig-to-human transplantation
      Title: Generation of GGTA1 biallelic knockout pigs via zinc-finger nucleases and somatic cell nuclear transfer.
    10. Anti-gal antibodies in alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase gene-knockout pigs.
      Title: Anti-gal antibodies in α1,3-galactosyltransferase gene-knockout pigs.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (23)

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by RefSeq

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables hexosyltransferase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in carbohydrate metabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in lipid glycosylation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in Golgi apparatus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in vesicle IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    N-acetyllactosaminide alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase
    Names
    UDP-galactose:beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminide alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase
    alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase
    galactosyltransferase
    glycoprotein alpha-galactosyltransferase 1 (inactive) ??
    glycoprotein alpha-galactosyltransferase 1, pseudogene
    NP_001309984.1
    NP_001309985.1
    NP_998975.1
    XP_005660456.1
    XP_005660459.1
    XP_013849268.1
    XP_013849269.1
    XP_013849271.1
    XP_020937342.1
    XP_020937353.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001323055.1 → NP_001309984.1  N-acetyllactosaminide alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase isoform 2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      CU407216, FP085599
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A4X1UPA1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam03414
      Location:74 → 357
      Glyco_transf_6; Glycosyltransferase family 6

    2. NM_001323056.1 → NP_001309985.1  N-acetyllactosaminide alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase isoform 2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      CU407216, FP085599
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A4X1UPA1
      Related
      ENSSSCP00000020866.1, ENSSSCT00000029057.2
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam03414
      Location:74 → 357
      Glyco_transf_6; Glycosyltransferase family 6

    3. NM_213810.3 → NP_998975.1  N-acetyllactosaminide alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_998975.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      CU407216, FP085599
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P50127
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A4X1UPA1, Q548W5
      Related
      ENSSSCP00000052545.2, ENSSSCT00000040247.3
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl11394
      Location:86 → 369
      Glyco_tranf_GTA_type; Glycosyltransferase family A (GT-A) includes diverse families of glycosyl transferases with a common GT-A type structural fold

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Sus scrofa Annotation Release 106 details...Open this link in a new tab

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference Sscrofa11.1 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_010443.5 Reference Sscrofa11.1 Primary Assembly

      Range
      261511304..261587968 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_005660399.3 → XP_005660456.1  N-acetyllactosaminide alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005660456.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P50127
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A4X1UPA1, Q548W5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl11394
      Location:86 → 369
      Glyco_tranf_GTA_type; Glycosyltransferase family A (GT-A) includes diverse families of glycosyl transferases with a common GT-A type structural fold

    2. XM_013993814.2 → XP_013849268.1  N-acetyllactosaminide alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A4X1UM53, A0A4X1UPA1, A0A8D1XAT9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam03414
      Location:53 → 336
      Glyco_transf_6; Glycosyltransferase family 6

    3. XM_013993815.2 → XP_013849269.1  N-acetyllactosaminide alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A4X1UM53, A0A4X1UPA1, A0A8D1XAT9
      Related
      ENSSSCP00000036580.2, ENSSSCT00000038940.2
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam03414
      Location:53 → 336
      Glyco_transf_6; Glycosyltransferase family 6

    4. XM_021081694.1 → XP_020937353.1  N-acetyllactosaminide alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P50127
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A4X1UPA1, Q548W5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl11394
      Location:86 → 369
      Glyco_tranf_GTA_type; Glycosyltransferase family A (GT-A) includes diverse families of glycosyl transferases with a common GT-A type structural fold

    5. XM_005660402.3 → XP_005660459.1  N-acetyllactosaminide alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase isoform X3

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A287B7Q1, A0A4X1UNS7, A0A8D0KE41
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl11394
      Location:28 → 301
      Glyco_tranf_GTA_type; Glycosyltransferase family A (GT-A) includes diverse families of glycosyl transferases with a common GT-A type structural fold

    6. XM_013993817.2 → XP_013849271.1  N-acetyllactosaminide alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase isoform X3

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A287B7Q1, A0A4X1UNS7, A0A8D0KE41
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl11394
      Location:28 → 301
      Glyco_tranf_GTA_type; Glycosyltransferase family A (GT-A) includes diverse families of glycosyl transferases with a common GT-A type structural fold

    7. XM_021081683.1 → XP_020937342.1  N-acetyllactosaminide alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P50127
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A4X1UPA1, Q548W5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl11394
      Location:86 → 369
      Glyco_tranf_GTA_type; Glycosyltransferase family A (GT-A) includes diverse families of glycosyl transferases with a common GT-A type structural fold
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P50127.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P50127

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