| CST6 suppresses osteolytic bone disease in multiple myeloma by blocking osteoclast differentiation. | CST6 suppresses osteolytic bone disease in multiple myeloma by blocking osteoclast differentiation.
Gai D, Chen JR, Stewart JP, Nookaew I, Habelhah H, Ashby C, Sun F, Cheng Y, Li C, Xu H, Peng B, Garg TK, Schinke C, Thanendrarajan S, Zangari M, Chen F, Barlogie B, van Rhee F, Tricot G, Shaughnessy JD Jr, Zhan F., Free PMC Article | 10/1/2022 |
| CST6 protein and peptides inhibit breast cancer bone metastasis by suppressing CTSB activity and osteoclastogenesis. | CST6 protein and peptides inhibit breast cancer bone metastasis by suppressing CTSB activity and osteoclastogenesis.
Li X, Liang Y, Lian C, Peng F, Xiao Y, He Y, Ma C, Wang Y, Zhang P, Deng Y, Su Y, Luo C, Kong X, Yang Q, Liu T, Hu G., Free PMC Article | 02/12/2022 |
| a loss-of-function variant in the human CST6 gene, which causes a novel autosomal recessive hypotrichosis syndrome | Deficiency of the human cysteine protease inhibitor cystatin M/E causes hypotrichosis and dry skin.
van den Bogaard EHJ, van Geel M, van Vlijmen-Willems IMJJ, Jansen PAM, Peppelman M, van Erp PEJ, Atalay S, Venselaar H, Simon MEH, Joosten M, Schalkwijk J, Zeeuwen PLJM., Free PMC Article | 02/1/2020 |
| High CST6 expression is associated with lymph-node metastasis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. | Correlation of Cystatin E/M with Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.
Li Q, Zheng ZC, Ni CJ, Jin WX, Jin YX, Chen Y, Zhang XH, Chen ED, Cai YF. | 09/22/2018 |
| Data suggest that melanoma cells internalize/absorb cystatin C from culture media, leading to increased intracellular cystatin C levels; cystatin E/M is internalized as well but at modest rate due to down-regulation of cell migration; however, the effect of intracellular cystatin E/M on down-regulation of legumain activity is pronounced. | Low-level internalization of cystatin E/M affects legumain activity and migration of melanoma cells.
Wallin H, Apelqvist J, Andersson F, Ekström U, Abrahamson M., Free PMC Article | 09/30/2017 |
| Results provide evidence that cystatin E/M is a tumor suppressor gene which plays an important role in the regulation of NF-kappaB. | Cystatin E/M Suppresses Tumor Cell Growth through Cytoplasmic Retention of NF-κB.
Soh H, Venkatesan N, Veena MS, Ravichandran S, Zinabadi A, Basak SK, Parvatiyar K, Srivastava M, Liang LJ, Gjertson DW, Torres JZ, Moatamed NA, Srivatsan ES., Free PMC Article | 05/27/2017 |
| Low CST6 expression is associated with breast cancer. | TBX2 represses CST6 resulting in uncontrolled legumain activity to sustain breast cancer proliferation: a novel cancer-selective target pathway with therapeutic opportunities.
D'Costa ZC, Higgins C, Ong CW, Irwin GW, Boyle D, McArt DG, McCloskey K, Buckley NE, Crawford NT, Thiagarajan L, Murray JT, Kennedy RD, Mulligan KA, Harkin DP, Waugh DJ, Scott CJ, Salto-Tellez M, Williams R, Mullan PB., Free PMC Article | 01/24/2015 |
| Developed a Methylation-Sensitive High Resolution Melting Analysis (MS-HRMA) assay for the investigation of CST6 promoter methylation in breast cancer patients.CST6 promoter was methylated in 39/80 of FFPEs. | A closed-tube methylation-sensitive high resolution melting assay (MS-HRMA) for the semi-quantitative determination of CST6 promoter methylation in clinical samples.
Dimitrakopoulos L, Vorkas PA, Georgoulias V, Lianidou ES., Free PMC Article | 07/13/2013 |
| The CST6 promoter is highly methylated in circulating cell-free DNA of breast cancer patients, but not in healthy individuals. | CST6 promoter methylation in circulating cell-free DNA of breast cancer patients.
Chimonidou M, Tzitzira A, Strati A, Sotiropoulou G, Sfikas C, Malamos N, Georgoulias V, Lianidou E. | 07/6/2013 |
| Data show a regulatory role of cystatin E/M in controlling both intra- and extracellular legumain activity. | Intra- and extracellular regulation of activity and processing of legumain by cystatin E/M.
Smith R, Johansen HT, Nilsen H, Haugen MH, Pettersen SJ, Mælandsmo GM, Abrahamson M, Solberg R. | 03/9/2013 |
| The ectopic expression of CST6 in cancer cells rescued mice from overt osteolytic metastasis and deaths in the animal study, while CST6 knockdown markedly enhanced cancer cell bone metastasis and shortened animal survival. | Differential secretome analysis reveals CST6 as a suppressor of breast cancer bone metastasis.
Jin L, Zhang Y, Li H, Yao L, Fu D, Yao X, Xu LX, Hu X, Hu G., Free PMC Article | 01/12/2013 |
| An association between the quantity of CST6 methylation and the expression statuses of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER4 in tumor tissues was found | Cystatin M loss is associated with the losses of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER4 in invasive breast cancer.
Ko E, Park SE, Cho EY, Kim Y, Hwang JA, Lee YS, Nam SJ, Bang S, Park J, Kim DH., Free PMC Article | 09/17/2011 |
| the level of cystatin E/M regulates legumain activity and hence the invasive potential of human melanoma cells | Cystatin E/M suppresses legumain activity and invasion of human melanoma.
Briggs JJ, Haugen MH, Johansen HT, Riker AI, Abrahamson M, Fodstad Ø, Maelandsmo GM, Solberg R., Free PMC Article | 01/1/2011 |
| Methylation of cystatin M promoter is associated with breast cancer. | Methylation of cystatin M promoter is associated with unfavorable prognosis in operable breast cancer.
Kioulafa M, Balkouranidou I, Sotiropoulou G, Kaklamanis L, Mavroudis D, Georgoulias V, Lianidou ES. | 01/21/2010 |
| Results suggest that the downregulation of the CST6 gene is associated with promoter histone modifications and that this association plays an important role in prostate cancer progression during the invasive and metastatic stages of the disease. | Frequent loss of cystatin E/M expression implicated in the progression of prostate cancer.
Pulukuri SM, Gorantla B, Knost JA, Rao JS., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| cystatin M/E has a role in skin barrier formation and a potential role as a tumor suppressor gene [review] | The biology of cystatin M/E and its cognate target proteases.
Zeeuwen PL, Cheng T, Schalkwijk J. | 01/21/2010 |
| The cysteine protease inhibitor cystatin M/E is a key regulator of a biochemical pathway that leads to epidermal terminal differentiation. | Colocalization of cystatin M/E and its target proteases suggests a role in terminal differentiation of human hair follicle and nail.
Cheng T, van Vlijmen-Willems IM, Hitomi K, Pasch MC, van Erp PE, Schalkwijk J, Zeeuwen PL. | 01/21/2010 |
| Cystatin M (CST6) tumor suppressor gene is concurrently down-regulated with other loci in breast epithelial cells cocultured with cancer-associated fibroblasts. | Breast cancer-associated fibroblasts confer AKT1-mediated epigenetic silencing of Cystatin M in epithelial cells.
Lin HJ, Zuo T, Lin CH, Kuo CT, Liyanarachchi S, Sun S, Shen R, Deatherage DE, Potter D, Asamoto L, Lin S, Yan PS, Cheng AL, Ostrowski MC, Huang TH., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| cystatin E/M is a cervical cancer suppressor gene and that the gene is inactivated by somatic mutations and promoter hypermethylation. | Inactivation of the cystatin E/M tumor suppressor gene in cervical cancer.
Veena MS, Lee G, Keppler D, Mendonca MS, Redpath JL, Stanbridge EJ, Wilczynski SP, Srivatsan ES., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| These findings imply that CST6 is likely to involve in the proliferation and survival of pancreatic cancer probably through its proteinase inhibitory activity, and it is a promising molecular target for development of new therapeutic strategies for PDAC | Over-expression of cysteine proteinase inhibitor cystatin 6 promotes pancreatic cancer growth.
Hosokawa M, Kashiwaya K, Eguchi H, Ohigashi H, Ishikawa O, Furihata M, Shinomura Y, Imai K, Nakamura Y, Nakagawa H., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| CST6, CXCL14, DHRS3, and SPP1 are regulated by BRAF signaling and may play a role in papillary thyroid carcinoma pathogenesis | Gene expression profiling of papillary thyroid carcinoma identifies transcripts correlated with BRAF mutational status and lymph node metastasis.
Oler G, Camacho CP, Hojaij FC, Michaluart P Jr, Riggins GJ, Cerutti JM., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| results demonstrate that epigenetic silencing of CST6 is frequent in adult and pediatric brain tumors and occurs in TICs, which are thought to give rise to the tumor | Invasion suppressor cystatin E/M (CST6): high-level cell type-specific expression in normal brain and epigenetic silencing in gliomas.
Qiu J, Ai L, Ramachandran C, Yao B, Gopalakrishnan S, Fields CR, Delmas AL, Dyer LM, Melnick SJ, Yachnis AT, Schwartz PH, Fine HA, Brown KD, Robertson KD., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| Tumors displaying CST6 gene methylation, display methylation in both ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive breast carcinoma lesions and reduced expression of cystatin M in these tumors was confirmed by immunohistochemistry | Epigenetic silencing of the tumor suppressor cystatin M occurs during breast cancer progression.
Ai L, Kim WJ, Kim TY, Fields CR, Massoll NA, Robertson KD, Brown KD. | 01/21/2010 |
| Methylation-dependent epigenetic silencing of CST6 represents an important mechanism for loss of CST6 during breast tumorigenesis and/or progression to metastasis. | Methylation-dependent silencing of CST6 in primary human breast tumors and metastatic lesions.
Rivenbark AG, Livasy CA, Boyd CE, Keppler D, Coleman WB., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| Identification of CTSV & CTSL as targets for cystatin M/E, their (co)-expression in the stratum granulosum of skin, and activity of CTSL toward transglutaminase 3 strongly imply an important role for them in the differentiation process of human epidermis. | Cystatin M/E is a high affinity inhibitor of cathepsin V and cathepsin L by a reactive site that is distinct from the legumain-binding site. A novel clue for the role of cystatin M/E in epidermal cornification.
Cheng T, Hitomi K, van Vlijmen-Willems IM, de Jongh GJ, Yamamoto K, Nishi K, Watts C, Reinheckel T, Schalkwijk J, Zeeuwen PL. | 01/21/2010 |